中考英語復(fù)習(xí)-被動語態(tài)-(共24張PPT)

被動語態(tài)She

eatsanice-cream.Anice-cream

iseatenbyher.

語態(tài)一、定義語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。二、分類主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)Manystudents

study

English.English

isstudied

bymanystudents.動作的執(zhí)行者動作的承受者bymanystudents.Manystudentsstudy

English.Englishisstudied1.一般現(xiàn)在時

am/is/are+過去分詞被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)2.一般過去時

was/were+過去分詞They

bought

acomputerlastterm．bythemlastterm.Acomputerwasboughtdo/doesdid

willbe/begoingtobe+過去分詞1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomisgoingtoclean

theroomtomorrow.Theroom

isgoingtobecleanedbyTomtomorrow.3.一般將來時

am/is/are+being

＋過去分詞Someworkersarepainting

theroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted4.現(xiàn)在進行時

was/were+being

＋過去分詞5.過去進行時

Hewaswatching

TVatthattimeyesterday．byhimatthattimeyesterday．TVwasbeingwatchedam/is/are+being

＋過去分詞was/were+being

＋過去分詞“bebeingdone”中的動詞be應(yīng)隨主語作相應(yīng)的變化.如：Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroomnow.→Theclassroomnow.be+being

＋過去分詞is

beingcleanedhave/has＋been

＋過去分詞Wehavemade

akey．byus.AkeyhasbeenmadeWehadfinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshadbeenfinishedbyus.6.現(xiàn)在完成時

7.過去完成時

had＋been

＋過去分詞would＋be

＋過去分詞TheSchoolwouldhold

asportsmeetingnextThursday.bytheschoolnextThursday.Asportsmeetingwouldbeheld8.過去將來時

含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+過去分詞2一般過去時didwas/were+過去分詞3一般將來時will/begoingto+動詞原形will/begoingto+be+過去分詞4過去將來時would+動詞原形would+be+過去分詞5現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞am/is/are+being+過去分詞6過去進行時was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞was/were+being+過去分詞7現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+過去分詞have/has+been+過去分詞8過去完成時had+過去分詞had+been+過去分詞9含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞主動和被動語態(tài)謂語結(jié)構(gòu)對照表1.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.2.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.3.Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.4.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Exercise將句子改成被動語態(tài)ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.

Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.

Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.

Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.5.Theywerebuildingthebridgeatthistimelastyear.6.Lucymaydrawthepictures.7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook.8.Heisdrawingapicture.

ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.

Thenewbook

hasbeengiventoyou.

The

bridge

wasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear.

Apicture

isbeingdrawnbyhim.

Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。Manyhouseswerewashedawayintheflood.（2）強調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用by短語。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）動作的發(fā)出者不是人。被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)的幾種類型

1.把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按“、、”進行。即：①變－－－把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把主動語態(tài)的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞by的賓語。②套－－－根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應(yīng)時態(tài)。③注意－－注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。例：Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.

werewashed一變二套三注意Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.2.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）如：1.Hegaveme

abook.

－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.

－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.giveme

abook間直=giveabooktome直間2.Iboughthimabook.

－

－

Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.

Hewasboughtabookbyme.常見的雙賓語動詞：give,offer,pass,show,lend,send,bring,return,tell等用介詞to;buy,make(制作),mend,cook,sing,get等用for.

Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.3.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)--Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).--Mychildistakengoodcareofbythem.有哪些這樣的短語？不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞如：listento,lookafter,payattentionto,makeuseof......即hear,watch,see,make,let,這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不加to，但變被動句時必須加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Thebossmakes

himworkfor10hours.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.4.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)使役動詞和感觀動詞主被動語態(tài)對照表主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)使役動詞makesbdosthsbbemadetodosthhavesbdosthsbbehadtodosthletsbdosthsbbelettodosth感觀動詞seesbdosthsbbeseentodosthwatchsbdosthsbbewatchedtodosthhearsbdosthsbbeheardtodosthnoticesbdosthsbbenoticedtodosth5.主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義(1)write,read,sell,keep,prove,wash,wear等,尤其是有副詞well,easily。如：Thebooksellswell.(2)感官動詞(taste,feel,smell,sound,look)。如：Theice-creamtastesnice.(3)在beworthdoing中doing表被動意義。如：Thebook

isworthreading.無被動語態(tài)的動詞：不及物動詞或短語無被動語態(tài)，常見的有：happen,takeplace，belongto,last（持續(xù)）,breakout（爆發(fā)）

例如：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceheresince1990.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceheresince1990.TaiwanbelongstoChina.Themeetinglastedtwohours.

Whathappenedtohimlastnight?SARSbrokeoutinChinathatyear.Exercise

填空（改為被動語態(tài)）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.

Anewpen_____________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenby3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.

English______________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.

English_________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.

Thesestory-books_____________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillberead

改為被動語態(tài)

1.Theymakemachinesinthatfactory.

2.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome.

3.HeoftenhelpsTomwhenTomisintroubl