高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)外刊閱讀訓(xùn)練：我們要睡滿八小時嗎

高考英語外刊閱讀理解訓(xùn)練——我們要睡滿八小時嗎？——改編自Dowereallyneedeighthoursofsleep?Thevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsold,that'sonlytwelve-hundredmonths–andwhenyoulookatitasdays,hoursandminutes,it'squitefrightening.Thequestion,then,iswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleep,it'snotthatsimple.Basedonyourage,youmightneedmoreorlesssleep.Generally,aboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter,researchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.Also,thegenesofpeoplewhodidnotgetenoughsleepbecamemoreactive,specificallygenesassociatedwithinflammation,theimmunesystem,andstressresponse,plusdiabetesandcancerrisks.Oneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleepistheconstantpropagationofmythsregardingthesame.Forexample,haveyoueverheardsomeonesaythatyoucantrainyourselftorequirelessornosleep?Thatisentirelyuntrue;everyonerequiressomerest.Whileeighthoursmaynotbetheexactnumber,andageisanimportantfactor,there'sindeedacertainamountofsleepweallrequire.So,letususeourtimeefficiently,includingoursleepinghours.【重點詞匯】重點單詞：1.Memory['mem?ri]n.記憶，記憶力2.Essential[??sen?l]adj.必要的，關(guān)鍵的3.Function['f??k?n]n.功能，作用4.Brain[bre?n]n.大腦5.Store[st?r]v.儲存6.Retrieve[r?'triv]v.檢索，取回7.Short-term['??rt't?rm]adj.短期的8.Long-term['l??'t?rm]adj.長期的9.Hold[h??ld]v.擁有，持有10.Information['?nf?'me??n]n.信息，資料11.Decay[d?'ke?]v.衰退，腐敗12.Revisit[,ri:'v?z?t]v.重訪13.Weak[wi:k]adj.弱的14.Biological[`ba??'l?d??kl]adj.生物學(xué)的15.Trace[tre?s]n.痕跡16.Perform[p?'f?:m]v.履行，執(zhí)行17.Challenging['t??l?nd???]adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的18.Juggle['d??g(?)l]v.同時處理，（尤指）難以應(yīng)付19.Simultaneously[s?ml'te?n??sl?]adv.同時地20.Exercise['eks?sa?z]v.鍛煉，操練21.Age[e?d?]n.年齡22.Shrink[?r??k]v.縮小23.Volume['v?lj?m]n.容量，體積24.Decline[d?'kla?n]v.下降，衰退25.Worth[w??θ]adj.值得的，有價值的26.Forgetting[f?:'get??]n./v.忘卻，遺忘27.Frustrating['fr?stre?t??]adj.令人沮喪的28.Natural['n?t?r?l]adj.自然的，天然的29.Constant['k?nst?nt]adj.持續(xù)不斷的，不變的30.Usage['ju:s?d?]n.使用，應(yīng)用31.Sharp[?ɑ:p]adj.敏銳的，漸進的32.Trivial['tr?v??l]adj.瑣碎的，微不足道的33.Waste[we?st]v.浪費，揮霍34.Energy['en?d?i]n.能源，精力35.Encounter[?n'ka?nt?]v./n.遭遇，邂逅36.Brainfunction[bre?n'f??k?n]大腦功能，智力活動37.Concentrationlevel[?k?ns?n'tre??n?levl]注意力水平，濃度38.Inflammation[??n.fl??me???n]n.炎癥，發(fā)炎39.Immunesystem[??mju:n?s?st?m]免疫系統(tǒng)40.Stressresponse[str?sr?'sp?ns]應(yīng)激反應(yīng)41.Diabetes[?da???bi:tiz]n.糖尿病42.Cancerrisk['k?ns?rr?sk]癌癥風(fēng)險43.Perpetuate[p?'petj?e?t]v.永久保持，使不朽44.Trainoneself[tre?nw?n'self]自我訓(xùn)練45.Optimal['?pt?m(?)l]adj.最佳的，最理想的46.Complicated['k?mpl?ke?t?d]adj.復(fù)雜的，難懂的47.Infant['?nf?nt]n.嬰兒，幼兒48.Irritation[??r?'te??n]n.煩惱，生氣49.Remembrance[r??m?mbr?ns]n.回憶，紀念50.Recall[r?'k??l]v.回【閱讀理解練習(xí)題】1.WhatdidCharlesDarwinsayaboutwastingtime?A.Peoplewhowasteevenonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.B.Peoplewhowasteevenonedayoftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.C.Peoplewhowasteevenoneyearoftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.D.Peoplewhowastetimeunderstandtheworthoflifebetterthanthosewhodon't.答案：A。解析：文章第一句提到了CharlesDarwin對時間價值的看法，他認為那些浪費了甚至只是一個小時時間的人沒有理解生命的價值。2.Howmanymonthsdoesapersonliveiftheymakeitto100yearsold?A.1,200B.12,000C.24,000D.30,000答案：A。解析：文章第二句中提到如果一個人活到100歲，那么只有1200個月時間，也就是說非常寶貴。3.Iseighthoursofsleepnecessaryforeveryone?A.Yes,everyoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.B.No,theamountofsleepneededvariesfrompersontopersonandisinfluencedbyage.C.Yes,theUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.D.No,it'samyththatpeopleneedanyspecificamountofsleep.答案：B。解析：文章第三句指出充足的睡眠時間大約應(yīng)該是七個半小時，因為不同年齡段的人需要的睡眠時間可能會有所不同。4.WhatwastheresultofthestudyconductedattheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter?A.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedimprovedconcentrationlevels.B.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedreducedcancerrisks.C.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedincreasedstressresponseandinflammation.D.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencednohealthrisks.答案：C。解析：在UniversityofSurrey睡眠研究中心的研究表明，睡眠不足會導(dǎo)致患炎癥、免疫系統(tǒng)和壓力反應(yīng)方面的健康問題以及增加糖尿病和癌癥的風(fēng)險。5.Canapersontrainthemselvestorequirelessornosleep?A.Yes,itisentirelypossible.B.No,thisisentirelyuntrue.C.Itdependsonhowmuchsleeptheycurrentlyget.D.Itdependsontheirage.答案：B。解析：文章指出這個說法是一個錯誤的謠言，并不存在可以訓(xùn)練自己少或者不需要休息的情況。6.Iseveryone'soptimalamountofsleepseventoninehours?A.Yes,therearenoexceptions.B.No,itvariesbasedonageandotherfactors.C.Yes,theUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatsevenandahalfhoursistheoptimalamountforeveryone.D.No,everyoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.答案：B。解析：雖然大多數(shù)科學(xué)家都認為七到九個小時是最佳的睡眠時間，但是文章也指出不同的年齡段需要的睡眠時間可能會有所不同。7.Whatisoneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleep?A.Mythsabouttheamountofsleeppeopleneed.B.Thecostofmattressesandpillows.C.Rumorsaboutwhichfoodscanhelpyousleepbetter.D.Conflictingscientificstudiesonthebenefitsofsleeping.答案：A。解析：文章的第五段談到了與睡眠相關(guān)的傳言，其中提到人們在這方面的認識可能不準確。8.Shouldweuseourtimeefficiently,includingoursleepinghours?A.Yes,becausetimeisvaluableandwerequiresomeamountofsleep.B.No,it'sbettertowastetimeandnotworryaboutgettingenoughsleep.C.Itdoesn'tmatter,aslongasweareproductiveduringourwakinghours.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：A。解析：文章最后一句表明，我們應(yīng)該充分利用時間，包括睡眠時間，因為時間很寶貴，每個人都需要一定的睡眠?！救闹鹁鋵φ辗g】我們常常認為時間的價值是理所當然的。Thevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.查爾斯·達爾文曾說過，浪費哪怕一個小時的人是不懂得生命的價值的。CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.如果一個人活到一百歲，那只有一千二百個月——當你把它看成天、小時和分鐘時，這是相當可怕的。Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsold,that'sonlytwelve-hundredmonths–andwhenyoulookatitasdays,hoursandminutes,it'squitefrightening.那么問題來了，每晚8小時的睡眠是必要的還是只是一個神話。Thequestion,then,iswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.雖然大多數(shù)科學(xué)家都認為7到9小時是最佳睡眠時間，但事情并沒有那么簡單。Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleep,it'snotthatsimple.根據(jù)你的年齡，你可能需要更多或更少的睡眠。Basedonyourage,youmightneedmoreorlesssleep.一般來說，7個半小時左右的睡眠對成年人來說就足夠了。Generally,aboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.在薩里大學(xué)睡眠研究中心，研究人員對兩組人進行了一項研究，他們分別睡了六個半小時和七個半小時。AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter,researchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些睡眠較少的人會感到煩躁，注意力也會下降。Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.此外，睡眠不足的人的基因變得更加活躍，特別是與炎癥、免