同位語從句公開課課件

NounClause——AppositiveClause（同位語從句）

nounclauses名詞性從句subjectiveclause主語從句objectiveclause賓語從句predicativeclause表語從句appositiveclause同位語從句

1.名詞性從句的引導詞that,whether,if,asifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how連詞：連接代詞：連接副詞：2.如何判斷從句？賓語從句：位于及物動詞或介詞之后表語從句：位于連系動詞之后主語從句：位于句首/句末，即在謂語動詞之前Thathewillsucceediscertain.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.規(guī)律一：主語從句一律用_____語序，即_____在前，______在后?！剃愂鲋髡Z謂語規(guī)律二：主語從句做主語，主句的謂語動詞多用_______。what引導的主語從句，可根據(jù)_______決定主句動詞的單復數(shù)形式單數(shù)表語

that在引出主語從句時沒有意義，不充當句子成分，___（能/不能）省略。規(guī)律三:不能規(guī)律四：whether/if表“是否”，“if”不能放在______引導主語從句，句首只能用____________。句首whetherLeadin√1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.HewasgoingtotakethemandtheirbaggagetocatchtheTrueNorth,thecross-Canadatrain2.Somepeoplehavetheideathatyou

cancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefact

thatCanada

is

5,500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.Somepeoplehavetheideathatyou

cancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysthat名詞引導詞從句總結(jié)：同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)____________+______________+________________名詞引導詞從句1.Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.2.Thefactthatwedon’tgetenoughsleepisabsolutelytrue.3.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherweshouldbegivenmorefreetime.4.Weallknowthetruththatnothingismoreimportantthanhealth.ideaThefactthequestionthetruth同位語從句的作用:?進一步解釋、說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。Activity1Readandfind

同位語從句其前的名詞通常為______名詞,如：______,______,hope,wish,________,order,________,________,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_________,_________,plan,_________。Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionidea連接詞that引導的同位語從句that在從句中不充當成分,只起連接作用.Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.他告訴我一個消息,他馬上要從國外回國.只用whether引導,不用if.這個問題是否正確還未被證實.Theproblem________it

istrue

hasn’tbeenconfirmed.連接詞whether引導的同位語從句whether連接詞代詞what/which/who

引導的同位語從句1.誰會出國這個問題還未決定.2.我不知道該選哪個.1.Thequestion_____shouldgoabroadhasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ihavenoidea______tochoose.whichwho在從句中充當成分連接詞副詞when/where/why/how

引導的同位語從句1.我了解他們?yōu)槭裁措x開得那么早.2.我們還沒決定好去哪兒.1.I’vegotagoodidea_____theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_______weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.whywhereSummary(2):

同位語從句在復合句中用作

的從句叫同位語從句，它是________從句之一。引導同位語從句的連接詞有：從屬連詞

,

；連接代詞

,________,______,

等，

連接副詞

,

,

,_____

等。同位語名詞性thatwhetherwhichwhowhenwherewhyhowwhomwhatActivity2Choosetheproperintroductivewords1.Thequestion________shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.2.Ihavenoidea_____thedrivermadephonecallwhendriving.3.Thefact_____twopupilswerekilledcan’tbeacceptedbytheirparents.4.Theproblem________weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.5.Ihavesomedoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.6.Thereisnodoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.whowhythatwhetherwhenthatdoubt(懷疑)肯定形式后同位語從句用whether引導；nodoubt(不懷疑)即否定形式之后的同位語從句用that引導。注意1:Ihavesomedoubt______shecanpersuadeherhusbandtogiveupsmoking.Thereisnodoubt______wewillwinthegamewhetherthat同位語從句有時被別的詞或短語把它和名詞隔開：（謂語較短，同位語從句較長）注意2:1:Thestorygoes

thatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.2:Wordcame

thattheirteamhadwon.（word：n消息）分隔式同位語從句若被同位語從句說明的名詞是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建議、命令、要求的詞時，同位語從句的謂語用"(should)+do"1).Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting____________________(bring)toanend.(should)bebrought2).Theorderthatwe____________(send)afewpeopletohelpthemwasreceivedyesterday.3).Theorderthatwe__________(receive)yesterdaywasthatwe___________(send)afewpeopletohelpthem.(should)sendreceived(should)send注意3:同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處（1）同位語從句用來進一步________前面名詞的內(nèi)容;定語從句用來__________前面的名詞。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位語從句說明“消息”的內(nèi)容：______________）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.（定語從句對“消息”加以限定：是_______________，而非來自其他渠道。但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。）Summary(3):解釋說明修飾限定我們隊取得了決賽勝利你告訴我的Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.Summary(3):同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處（2）在從句中充當成分嗎？在從句中充當成分嗎？that

同位語從句

定語從句不作成分，無意義，不能省指代先行詞，作成分，作賓語可省1、從連接詞的功能Thesuggestion(that/which)shegaveisquitegood.

（that指代suggestion，又在從句中充當賓語，可省略）2)Thesuggestionthatyoushouldstayintheroomisquitegood.（that不充當任何成分）2、從語氣上辨別表示要求，建議，命令等詞后的同位語要用(should)+do的虛擬形式，而定語從句沒有這一條。3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.同位語從句定語從句3.在名詞和從句之間加be,使之構(gòu)成一個新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語從句，定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegame

wastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterday

wastrue.Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthegame.Thenewsisthathetoldmeyesterday.(句子通順，是同位語從句）（句子不通順，是定語從句）判斷下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句：Thenewsthatyou'veheardisn'ttrue.Thenewsthatwe'llgoonapicnicthisSundayisn'ttrue.定語從句同位語從句Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.()定語從句同位語從句Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcuse

thathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位語從句定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句Activity3判斷以下是什么從句1.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.

A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.

A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise____sheiscryingloudly.

A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Thefact_____hefailedintheexamisnottheone______hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;whichD./;that

Activity4ChoosethebestanswerActivityFillintheblanksThenews____________________(MH370失蹤)shockedthewholeworld.

Malaysianauthoritiessaidthattherewasnoconfirmation___________________(殘骸被找到)onMarch12.Themystery_______________________(飛機去哪兒了)alsoconfusedallpeopleinthewhorld._____________(是否是)anactofterrorismwasanotherdoubt.Weallhadadream__________________________________(有部分乘客幸存)Butunfortunately,onMarch24Malaysianauthorities’messagetotherelativesbrokeourlasthope.

thatMH370dissapearedthatdebriswasfoundwheretheplanehasgoneWhetheritwasthatsomeofthepassengerssurvived.“MalaysiaAirlinesdeeplyregretsthatwehavetoassume,beyondanyreasonabledoubt,thatMH370hasbeenlostand______noneofthoseonboardsurvived.”Butjustasthelyrics(歌詞)say,westillholdthebelief___________________________________,(飛機能穿越時間和空間)livingwithustogether.

thatthattheplanecancrosstimeandspace

ListentoasongActivity6Completethesentences1.Thequestion_________________________botheredhim.(get)能從哪里弄到如此多的錢這個問題困擾著他2.

_______________________istheuseofcellphone.

他們正在談論的手機的使用。（talk）3._____________________theMH370flightlostcrashed,butfueltankswerelimitedinthedistanceithad.（confirm）還沒有消息證實MH370航班已失事，但是這個航程的航班油量是有限的。4.Thequestionis_____________________insuchashorttime.(prepare)問題是我們能否在如此短的時間內(nèi)準備好。5.Didshesay____________________?（work）

她是在說我們應該怎樣做這個工作嗎？wherehecouldgetsomuchmoneyWhattheyaretalkingaboutIthasnotbeenconfirmedthatwhetherwecanpreparewellhowweshoulddothework1.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoon

isknowntousall.()2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.()3.Haveyouanyideawhohewentwith?()4.Isthereanyhopethattheywillbehomeintime?()5.Theproblemthatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.()同位語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句定語從句Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?

1.Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.2.Idon’tknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.3.Histroubleisthathedoesn’tknowanybodyinLondon.4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句____________________________________________________________________Themanfromthestar這部電視劇已經(jīng)成為最近的熱點是一個事實_______________________________arecenthottopicisatruth.(become)ThattheTVplayhasbecomeSubjectClause主語從句很多人想知道為什么都教授吸引了那么多的粉絲。

Manypeoplewondered______________________________________________________________.(attract)

whyPrefessorDuattractedsomanyfans.ObjectClause賓語從句理由可能是他擁有帥氣的外表和強大的超能力。Maybethereasonis________________________________

____________________________.(have)thathehashandsomeappearenceandstrongsuperpowerPredicativeClause表語從句盡管我也被這部劇吸引，但炸雞和啤酒因為這部劇成為了很受歡迎的食物的事實還是讓我很吃驚。AlthoughIwasattractedbythisdrama,thefact___________________________________________becauseofitstillsurprisedme.

thatthefriedchickenandbeerbecamepopularfoodAppositiveClause同位語語從句(become)同位語是句子成分的一種,它位于名詞、代詞后面,說明它們的性質(zhì)和情況,它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞性短語或從句充當。（對前面名詞或代詞的補充說明）同位語theAppositive語法精解(一)1.(09四川8).Newscamefromtheschooloffice_____XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.(09天津9).Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that3.(06上海)Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris______itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when

高考鏈接同位語從句主語從句表語從句4.(上海01年春季）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．A.whenB.howCwhetherD.why5.(2006江蘇)Wehaven'tsettledthequest