2022年河北省唐山市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）

2022年河北省唐山市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.Whenthetrampwasarrested,he______.

A.laugheda:thepolice

B.lookedforwardtogoingtoprison

C.tookhisbottleswithhim

D.didn'tmakeanyfuss

2.A15%-20%dropinbodywatercancausethebloodsystemtofail.

A.TrueB.Fasle

3.Dr．MannisnowinCambridge，writingabookonthe______．

4.Goodbookscandecreaseourcontentmentwhenwearehappyandlessenourtroubleswhenwearesad.

A.RightB.Wrong

5.PartA

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.

聽力原文：Fromgoodreadingwecanobtainpleasure，companionship，experience，andinstruction．Agoodbookmayabsorbourattentionsocompletelythatforthetimebeingweforgetoursurroundingsandevenouridentity．Readinggoodbooksisoneofthegreatestpleasuresinlife．Itincreasesourcontentmentwhenwearecheerful．a(chǎn)ndlessensourtroubleswhenwearesad．Whatevermaybeourmainpurposeinreading，ourcontactwithgoodbooksshouldneverfailtogiveusenjoymentandsatisfaction．

Withagoodbookinourhandsweneedneverbelonely．Whetherthecharactersportrayedaretakenfrom．reallifeoraretotallyimaginarytheymaybecomeourcompanionsandfriends．Inthepagesofbookswecanwalkwiththewiseandthegoodofalllandsandalltimes．Thepeoplewemeetinbooksmaydelightuseitherbecausetheyresemblehumanfriendswhomweholddearorbecausetheypresentunfamiliartypeswhomwearegladtowelcomeasnewacquaintances．OurhumanMendsSometimesmayboreus，butthefriendswemakeinbooksneedneverwearyuswiththeircompany．Byturningthepageswecandismissthemwithoutanyfearofhurtingtheirfeelings．Whenhumanfriendsdesertus．goodbooksarealwaysreadytogiveusfriendship，sympathy，andencouragement．

Oneofthemostvaluablegiftsbestowedbybooksisexperience．Fewofuscantravelfarfromhomeorhaveawiderangeofexperiences．butallofuscanleadvariedlivesthroughthepagesofbooks．Whetherwewishtoescapefromtheseeminglydullrealitiesofeverydaylifeorwhetherweexpecttovisitsomefar-offplace，abookwillhelpuswhennothingelsecan．Totravelbybookweneednobankaccounttopayourway；noairshiporoceanlinerorstream-linedtraintotransportus：nopassporttoenterthelandofourheart'sdesire．Throughbookswemaygetthethrillofhazardousadventurewithoutdanger．Wecanclimbloftymountains，bravetheperilsofanantarcticwinter，orcrossthescorchingsandsofthedesert，allwithouthardship．InbookswemayvisitthestudiosofHollywood；wemayminglewiththegaythrongsoftheParisboulevards；wemayjointhepicturesquepeasantsinanAlpinevillageorthekindlynativesonaSouthSeaisland．Indeed，throughbooksthewholeworldisoursfortheasking．Thepossibilitiesofourliteraryexperiencesarealmostunlimited．Thebeautiesofnature，theenjoymentofmusic，thetreasuresofart，thetriumphsofarchitecture，themarvelsofengineeringareallopentothewonderandenjoymentofthosewhoread．

Agoodbookmaydrawourattentionsocompletelythatweforgetoursurroundingsandevenouridentityforthetimebeing.

A.RightB.Wrong

6.WherewasthefinalsoftheWorldCupin1994held?

A.InEngland.B.IntheUSA.C.InMexico.D.InFrance.

7.HowmanypeopledependonlocalriceandfoodinSouthAsiacurrently?

A.Morethan150millionpeople.

B.Lessthan150millionpeople.

C.About100millionpeople.

D.About120millionpeople.

8.Healthexpertssaythatallkindsofpeopleshoulddrinkatleastabout2litersofliquidseveryday.

A.RightB.Wrong

9.Whatwasthediscussiontopicofthepreviousclassmeeting?

A.NewEnglandmysterystories.

B.Eighteenth-centuryEnglishcriticism.

C.AcomparisonofpoemsofDickinsonandWhitman.

D.ThepoemsofWaltWhitman.

10.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutLowTillFarming?

A.It'sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.

B.It'sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.

C.It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.

D.It'safanningprocesslimitingtheuseofplows.

11.Whatdoes"Apersonwhoisledaroundbythenose"mean?

A.Apersonwholetshisinstinctguidehim.

B.Apersonwhohasnowillofhisown.

C.Apersonwhoisdecisive.

D.Apersonwhoisfullofimaginationandcreativity.

12.Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementoftheproblem,whomisitbettertocomplainto?

A.Ashopassistant.

B.Thestoremanager.

C.Themanufacturer.

D.Apublicorganization.

13.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

聽力原文：Lasttimewestartedlookingatthequestionofmanagementandwonderingwhatthetermactuallymeant.Thenwetookabrieflookattheconceptofscientificmanagement.Youremember,wedecideditwasusefulbutnotenoughonitsown.Sotodaywe'regoingtolookatanotheraspect—behavioralmanagement.Youmaynotreallyhavecomeacrossthisword"behavioral"before,thoughI'msureyouarefamiliarwiththeword"behavior".Behavioralsimplymeanshavingtodowithbehavior.Andthatisourstartingpointfortoday:Wearegoingtostartbyrealizingthattheactivityofanyorganizationishumanactivity,designedtoachievehumangoals.Sowearereallytalkingabouthumanbehavior.

Anybusinessconcerndoestwothings.First,itprovideseithergoodsorservicesthatthecustomerneeds.Thatis,iteithermakesthingsordoesthingsforotherpeopleinexchangeformoney.Second,itprovidespeoplewithwork—andmostofushavetoworkinordertomakealiving.

Work,muchaswemaysometimeswishwedidn'thavetodoit,ornotquitesomuchofit,hasinfacttwoadvantages.First—andIspokeaboutthislasttime—itcangiveussatisfaction.Wecanbeproudofwhatwearedoing—likeacraftsmanmakingsomethingbeautiful,oradoctorofanursehelpingpeoplewhoareillorinpain.ThisiswhatIcalledjobsatisfaction,andwithoutitIamsureworkcanbecomeanawfulburden.Andonamorebasiclevel,workearnsusmoney,whichwecanusetobuythethingsweneedinordertolive,likefoodandsomewheretolive,aswellasalltheluxurieswecouldprobablydowithoutbutstillliketohave.

Behavioralmanagementisbasedonaresearchofhowpeoplebehaveatwork.Itusesthefindingsofpsychologistsandsociologists,andsoon.Thesemakeastudyofindividualsandgroupstoseewhatthingsinfluencethewaytheybehaveindifferentconditions.Theresultscanthenbeusedtodesignthebestconditionsinwhichpeoplewillperform—orbehave—inthewaythatamanagerwantsthemtoinordertomakeabusinessmoreefficientandtoachieveitsgoals.Theyhavecollectedalotofevidenceandformulatedalotoftheoriestohelpthemanager,andthereisnodoubtthatproperlyunderstoodandapplied,thiscanbeveryuseful.

Butstillwereturntothefactthatpeopleareindividuals,alldifferentfromeachother,andall—aswesay—withmindsoftheirown.Sonomatterwhatthemanagerknowsaboutthewaypeoplebehaveingroupsandsoon,hehasreallytotreateveryoneonhisstaffasanindividualinhisownright.Ofcourse,hecanbehelpedinthisbyknowinghowtoencouragepeopletodothings,howtostimulatethemtobehaveinacertainway,andsoon.Amanagercanhimselfbetaughthowtodothis,buthoweverunscientificthismaysound,itismorelikelythatagoodmanagerisbornratherthantrained.Hehassomenaturalabilitytorecognizewhatpeoplearelikelytodo,whatabilitiestheyhave,andotherthingslikethat.Realizingthis,andthenapplyingwhathehaslearnedabouthumanbehavior,iswhatmakessomeoneagoodmanager.

Sobehavioralmanagementismanagementbasedonanassessmentofanindividualandtheapplicationofwhatisknownabouthowpeopleingeneraltendtobehave.Likescientificmanagement,itisundoubtedlyuseful,butnot,thecompleteanswer.

Whatdidthespeakertalkaboutlasttime?

14.Whatisbehavioralmanagementbasedon?

15.WhogavedairyproductstothenativeAmericans?

二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.

【C3】

17.(32)

18.

【C10】

19.

【C5】

20.

【C19】

21.

【C13】

22.

【C11】

23.

【C8】

24.(46)

25.(34)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.

Thephrase“talkingshop”(Line4,Para.6)probablymeans______．

A.talkingaboutshopping

B.discussingone'sworkwithcolleagues

C.exchangingpersonalnews

D.talkingwithfriendsinagroup

27.

Whydoestheauthormentiongeneticengineeringandcomputerscience?

A.Tocomparethemwiththenewmaterials.

B.Toshowthesignificanceofthenewmaterialsonthefutureworld.

C.Tocomparethenewmaterialswiththem.

D.Toexplainhispoint.

28.(78)

29.

Thephrase"vocal...exponent"(Line2,Para.5)mostprobablyrefersto______.

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

30.(67)

31.

Whyistransitiondifficult?

A.Becausetransitionrequiresmoneyandtime.

B.Becausemanymanufacturersareunwillingtochangetheirequipment.

C.Becauseresearchonnewmaterialsisverydifficult.

D.Becauseittakeslongtime.

32.

Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?

A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.

B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.

C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.

D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.

33.

AccordingtoJackMaple,tocutcrime______.

A.theheadsofpolicedepartmentshouldmakemorecontactwiththecriminals

B.thegovernmentshouldeducatetheresidentsmore

C.acomputersystemcalledComstatshouldbeadoptedbythepolice

D.thecriminalsshouldbeseverelypunished

34.Throughouthistorytherehavebeenmanyunusualtaxesleviedonsuchthingsashats，beds，baths，marriages，andfunerals．AtonetimeEnglandleviedataxonsunlightbycollectionfromeveryhouseholdwithsixormorewindows．Andaccordingtolegend，therewasaTurkishrulerwhocollectedataxeachtimehedinedwithoneofhissubjects．Why?Topayforthewearandtearonhisteeth!

Differentkindsoftaxeshelptospreadthetaxburden．Anyonewhopaysataxissaidto“beartheburden”ofthetax．Theburdenofataxmayfallmoreheavilyonsomepersonsthanonothers．Thatiswhythethreelevelsofgovernmentinthiscountryuseseveralkindsoftaxes．Thisspreadstheburdenoftaxesamongmorepeople．Fromthestandpointoftheiruse，themostimportanttaxesareincometaxes，propertytaxes，salestaxes，andestate，inheritance，andgifttaxes．Someareusedbyonlyonelevelofgovernment；othersbytwoorevenallthreelevels．Togetherthesedifferenttaxesmakeupwhatiscalledourtaxsystem．

Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues．Thefederalgovernmentgetsmorethanthree-fourthsofitsrevenuefromincometaxes．Asitsnameindicated，anincometaxisataxonearnings．Bothindividualsandbusinesscorporationspayafederalincometax．

TheoldesttaxintheUnitedStatestodayisthepropertytax．Itprovidesmostoftheincomeforlocalgovernments．Itprovidesatleastapartoftheincomeforallbutafewstates．Itisnotusedbythefederalgovernment．

Asalestaxisataxleviedonpurchases．MostpeoplelivingintheUnitedStatesknowaboutsalestaxessincetheyareusedinallbutfourstates．Actuallythereareseveralkindsofsalestaxes，butonlythreeofthemareimportant．Theyaregeneralsalestaxes，excisetaxes，andimporttaxes．

Otherthreecloselyrelatedtaxesareestate，inheritance，andgifttaxes．Everythingapersonowns，includingbothrealandpersonalproperty，makesuphisorherestate．Whensomeonedies，ownershipofhisorherpropertyorestatepassesontooneormoreindividualsororganizations．Beforethepropertyistransferred，however，itissubjecttoanestatetaxifitsvalueexceedsacertainamount．

ThereasonthattheTurkishrulercollectedadiningtaxistopayfor_______．

A.theinconvenienceforhimtoputonandtakeoffclothes

B.thedamagethateatingdidtohisteeth

C.hiseffortstocutthefoodintopieces

D.thedecayofhisteethbecauseofsugar

35.(72)

36.

Accordingtothispassage,whatisthemostexpensiveresourceinacorporation?

A.Product.

B.Humanresource.

C.Rawmaterials.

D.Clientsofthecorporation.

37.

AccordingtoJackMaple,tocutcrime______.

A.theheadsofpolicedepartmentshouldmakemorecontactwiththecriminals

B.thegovernmentshouldeducatetheresidentsmore

C.acomputersystemcalledComstatshouldbeadoptedbythepolice

D.thecriminalsshouldbeseverelypunished

38.

Thearticleconcludesthat______．

A.thecreationofjobsforallisanimpossibility

B.oureffortsandresourcesintermsoftacklingunemploymentareinsufficient

C.peopleshouldbeginsupportingthemselvesbylearningapracticalskill

D.weshouldhelpthosewhosejobsareonlypart-time

39.

______isacombinationofarchitecturalstylesfromHan,TibetanandNepalese?

40.PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Inathree-monthperiodlastyear,twoBrooklyniteshadtobecutoutoftheirapartmentsandcarriedtohospitalonstretchersdesignedfortransportingsmallwhales.TheNationalAssociationtoAdvanceFatAcceptance(NAAFA)arguesmatitwasnottheircombined900kgbulkthatmadethemill.Obesity,accordingtoNAAFA,isnotbadforyou.And,evenifitwas,thereisnothingtobedoneaboutit,becausegenesdictateweight.Attemptingtoeatlessmerelyslowsmetabolism,havingpeopleaschubbyasever.

ThisisthefatlashmovementthatcausesAmerica'sslimmingindustrysomuchpain.InhisbookBinFatLies(Ballantine,1996),GlennGaessersaysthatnostudyyethasconvincinglyshownthatweightisanindependentcauseofhealthproblems.Fatnessdoesnotkillpeople;thingslikehypertension,coronaryheartdiseasesandcancerdo.MichaelFumento,authorofTheFatoftheLand(Viking,1997),ananti-fatlashdiatribe,comparesDrGaesser'slogicwithsayingthattheguillotinedidnotkillLouisXVI:Rather,itwastheseveringofhisvertebrae,thecuttingofallthebloodvesselsinbisneck,and...thetraumacausedbyhisheaddroppingseveralfeetintoawickerbasket.

Beingfatkillsinseveralways.Itmakespeoplefarmorelikelytosufferfromheartdiseaseorhighbloodpressure.Evenmoderateobesityincreasesthechanceofcontractingdiabetes.Being40%overweightmakespeople30%-50%morelikelytodieofcancer,accordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety.Extremefatnessmakespatientssomuchlesslikelytosurvivesurgerythatmanydoctorsrefusetooperateuntiltheyslim.

Theideathatbeingoverweightiscausedbyobesitygenesisnotwhollyfalse:researchershavefoundanumberofgenesthatappeartomakesomepeopleburnoffenergyataslowerrate.Butgenesarenotdestiny.Thedifferencebetweensomeonewithageneticpredispositiontogainweightandsomeonewithoutappearstoberoughly40calories—oraspoonfulofmayonnaise—aday.

Analternativefatlashargument,advancedinbookssuchas.DeanOnrush'sEatMore,WeightLess(HarperCollies,1993)andDateAtrens'sDon'tDiet(WilliamMorrow,1978),isthatfatnessisnotamatterofeatingtoomuch.TheynotethatasAmericans'weighthasballoonedoverthelastfewdecades,theirreportedcaloricintakehasplunged.Thissimplyexplainspeople'sownrecollectionofhowmuchtheyeatisextremelyunreliable.Andastheygrowfatter,peoplefeelguiltyandaremorelikelytofibabouthowmuchtheyeat.Allreputablestudiesshowthateatinglessandexercisingreduceweight.

Certainly,thebody'smetabolismslowsalittlewhenyouloseweight,becauseittakeslessenergytocarrylessbulkaround,andbecausedietingcanmakethebodyfearitisabouttostarve.Butasensiblelow-fatdietmakesweightlosspossible.Thefatlashmovementisdangerous,becauseshmmerswilloftenfindanyexcusetogiveup.Totellpeoplethatitishealthytobeobeseistoencouragethemtolivesickanddieyoung.

ThetwoBrooklynitesinthefirstparagraphwere______.

A.membersoftheNWA

B.typicalvictimsofoverweight

C.membersofthe"fatlash"movement

D.proofthatthefatlashmovementisgainingstrength

四、閱讀理解(5題)41.

第

38

題

Inthethirdparagraph。Dr．Laraghimpliesthat__________．

42.

第

43

題

isprobablyfrightening?__________

43.

第

28

題

WhatdidtheUNcallonnationstodoaboutCO2

andothergreenhousegasesin1992?

44.

第

40

題

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

45.

根據(jù)下列選項回答26～30題：

第

26

題

1._________

參考答案

1.D

2.A

3.WorldsofTime

4.B

5.A

6.B

7.A

8.B

9.D

10.D

11.B

12.B

13.Management

14.Howpeoplebehave

15.TheEuropeans

16.thatthat解析：參見32題解析，idea與bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly是同位語，故此空應(yīng)填that，引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

17.firstfirst解析：根據(jù)題意，作者想在這里做一個比較，而比較的對象是目的。這里作者僅僅給出了兩個目的，所以這里是和第一個目的進行比較。故答案為first。

18.accordingaccording解析：此句意為“…一項個性與社會心理學(xué)的六月雜志的研究?！憋@然，空處應(yīng)填“根據(jù)”。

19.whichwhich解析：“聲譽建立的基礎(chǔ)”英語表達為“thefoundationonwhichreputationsarebuilt”，which指代foundations。

20.WhenWhen解析：這里的一句話其實與下一半句“whenwearedown-to-earth，…”所起到的作用是一樣的，同時兩者也是并列的，when表達了“當(dāng)…”，所以這里填when。故答案為when。

21.whatwhat解析：解析同上。這里是一個名詞性從句，what在句中做主語。故答案為what。

22.toto解析：“incontrastto”為固定搭配，意為“與…相對比”。所以此處應(yīng)填“to”。

23.ofof解析：beofthesame…意為“是一樣…”，此句意為“…在正確的指導(dǎo)下，他們能繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，繼續(xù)通過干許多一樣復(fù)雜的工作而獲得多樣性?！?/p>

24.differencedifference解析：顯然，這句話是在對老年人和年輕人寫字之間進行比較，而且由后半句中的"getbetterat…”可知，此空必為“不同的”。

25.forfor解析：解析見上題。desire后面用