2023年中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)

一.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語，后接動(dòng)詞原形。二.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法l^can/could的用法(1)表示能力，與beableto同義。但can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)(could),而beableto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)(was/wereableto,willbeableto…)。例：HecanspeakEnglishwell.=HeisabletospeakEnglishwell.(2)表示推測，常用于疑問句和否定句中，can意為“可能"，can't意為"不可能二例：Bobcan'tbesleeping.Thelightinhisroomisstillon.Could用于一般疑問句表示委婉的請(qǐng)求。常用句型Couldyouplease...?若表示同意時(shí)，用can回答而不用couldo例： Couldyougivemeahand?Yes,Ican.2、must/have(has)to的用法⑴表示義務(wù)、命令或耍求，意為“必須”(主觀意志)。例：Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.(2)在Must.?.？的句型中，肯定回答是Yes,主語+must./No,主語+needn't./don'thaveto.例： MustIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt/don'thaveto.PS.否定回答不能用mustntmustn't意為"禁止，不允許”。例：Youmustn'ttalkinclass.⑶表示肯定猜測，用于百分百的肯定。彳列：Marymusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.注意：在肯定句中must表示對(duì)某事有把握的推測，在否定句中的推測用canthave/hasto意為"不得不,必須”，有一種被迫的意思。(否定形式:don't/doesn'thaveto)例：Hewantstogowithus,buthehastotakecareofhissister.3、may/might的用法(1)表示允許、請(qǐng)求、常與第一人稱，r連用。在May...?句型中，肯定回答用Yes,youcano否定回答用No,youcan^/mustn^.例：MayIcomein?Yes,youcan./No,youcan,t./mustn,t.(2)在肯定句中表示推測。(may比might可能性大)例：Shemayknowthenews.(3)表示祝愿，意為“?！篗ayyoubehappy!4、shall/should的用法shall在疑問句中，常用于第一人稱，Shallwc/Shalll...?句型中，意為“…好嗎？”例： Shallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextmonth?Yes,please./No,thankyou.shall在肯定句，且主語為第二、第三人稱時(shí)，表示說話人的命令、警告、強(qiáng)制、允諾等。例：Youshallfailifyouwasteyourtime.should用于各種人稱,強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)和責(zé)任，意為“應(yīng)該"。should與oughtto同義，但語氣比oughtto更委婉。例：Ithinkchildrenshouldreallylearntorespecttheirelders5、will/would的用法(1)當(dāng)will/would用于疑問句中，常用第二人稱連用，表示征求意見或建議。例：Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradio?⑵will表示意愿。例：Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.Yes,Iwill.6^hadbetter的用法意為“最好，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶t。的不定式hadbetterdosth.,其否定式為：hadbetternotdosth.7、need的用法(1)作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”，后面直接加動(dòng)詞原形，無時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為neednot二needn't.例：Youneedcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow.(否定句)Youneedn'tcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow.注意：在Need...?句型中，肯定回答用Yes,youmust.。否定回答用No,youneedn't.例：NeedIcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt(2)作為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面加動(dòng)詞不定式todo,其否定形式為don,t/doesn,tneedtodosth.例：(肯定句)Sheneedstocometothemeetingthisafternoon..(否定句)Shedoesn'tneedtocometothemeetingthisafternoon.(——般疑問句)Doessheneedtocometothemeetingthisafternoon?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.(3)needdoingsth.表示被動(dòng)。例：Thiscarneedsrepairing.三.歸納表示推測的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must表示肯定推測，意為“一定，想必”。can表示推測一般用于疑問句和否定句中，意為“可能:Can't意為“不可能”。may表示肯定推測,意為“可能,也許"，可能性may大于might。四.補(bǔ)充擴(kuò)展“shouldhave+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”意為“本應(yīng)該去做，而實(shí)際上沒有做某事工例：Youshouldhavetoldmethislastnight.“shouldnothave+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”意為“本不應(yīng)該去做，卻做了某事”。例：Youshouldnothavespentallthemoneyonsuchafoolishthing.( )1.-Willyoustayforsomemoredays?-Sorry,I.Mymothercalledtoaskmetogobackatonce,'"t( )2.-Whoissinginginthenextroom?IsitLucy?-Itbeher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.)3.-Willthenewiphonecostalot?-Ithinkso.Apple'sproductsareusuallyexpensive.( )4.-Mom,mustIfinishmyhomeworknow?-No,you.Youmayhavesupperfirst.( )5.-MayItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?-No,youcan't.Youreadithere.Itistherule.( )6.Aseveryoneknows,rubbisheverywhere.“tthrowD.maythrow( )7.-IthinkthemanovertheremustbeBob.-Itbehim.HehastoAustralia.“'t;gone( )8.Theroomisbigenough.Ithold100people.A.canB.mustbe C.need D.haveto( )9.-1don'tcarewhatmyteachersthink.-Well,you.( )10.-Haveyoudecidedwheretodoforyoursummervacation?-Notyet.WegotoQingdao.Itisagoodplaceforvacation.( )11.-Mr.Wang,canIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow?-No,you.，，"t( )12.Cars,busesandbikesstopwhenthetrafficlightschangetored.( )13.1havemyownroominmyhouse,soIdowhatIwantinit.( )14.Yousmoke.Youareonly14anditisn'tallowed.( )15.-wecleantheclassroomnow?-No,you.Youcleanitafterschool.A.Must;needn't;may B.Must;mustn't;canC.Shall;can't;must D.Need;mustn't;may()16.-Whosenotebookisthis?-ItTom.Isawheuseditjustnow.'tbelongto C.mightbebelongedto D.canbelongto)17.-Howwastheyouthclublastnight,Mark?-Itwasgreatfun.Youcome.)18.-It'ssuchalongway!WhatshouldIdo?-Youtakemycarifyouwant.)19.TheyplayfootballlastFridaybecauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.)20.-CanItellPeteraboutthenews?No,Idon'twantanyoneelsetoknowit.Youkeepittoyourself.( )21.-ThispairofshoesbelongtoJack.Helikethiskindverymuch.Itbehis.It'stoolargeforhim.A.can;can'tB.may;needn't C.must;mustn'tD.need;can't( )22.-IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?Noitbeher.ShetoJapan,hasbeen( )23.Tmfeelingmuchbetternowsoyoucallthedoctor.( )24.-Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?No,you,Ydutoleaveuntilthebellrings.“thaveto;aresupposed't;aren'taren'tsupposed( )25.Treesfightairpollution.Theyarenaturalairconditioners.)26.-Whereareyougoingthismonth?WegotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.)27.IseeyourIDcard,sir?Wehavetocheckyourinformation.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Nee