高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解之主旨大意課件

--主旨大意題高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解之目錄出題背景及意圖1題型特點(diǎn)及考題探究2出錯(cuò)原因及解題技巧3試題相關(guān)拓展4出題背景及意圖相關(guān)核心素養(yǎng)及能力的考查《高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》《全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)科考試說(shuō)明》相關(guān)學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)語(yǔ)言能力思維品格涉及語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、語(yǔ)言意識(shí)和語(yǔ)感、語(yǔ)言技能、交際策略等等包括分析、推理、判斷、理性表達(dá)、用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行多元思維等活動(dòng)能力考察考察能力考生要求分析、歸納文章段落大意、重要情節(jié)、人物特征、環(huán)境特點(diǎn)的能力把握主題、理解中心思想的能力總體上把握文章理解主題句或中心句概括、判斷、歸納、推理《高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》--語(yǔ)言知識(shí)為例七級(jí)目標(biāo)能理解文章主旨和作者意圖九級(jí)目標(biāo)能閱讀一般性的英文報(bào)刊或雜志，從中獲取主要信息能閱讀一般英文原著，抓住主要情節(jié)八級(jí)目標(biāo)能理解閱讀材料中不同的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度六級(jí)目標(biāo)能從一般文字資料中獲取主要信息《全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)科考試說(shuō)明》--考試要求聽(tīng)力閱讀寫作理解主旨和要義理解說(shuō)話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度理解主旨和要義理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度概要寫作：對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)題型特點(diǎn)及考題探究在高考中的呈現(xiàn)題干表現(xiàn)形式具體范式在歷年高考中的呈現(xiàn)題量相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，需學(xué)生對(duì)文章的主旨大意進(jìn)行綜合、歸納和判斷命題規(guī)律命題趨勢(shì)考察數(shù)量趨于平衡，綜合性變強(qiáng)，文章的行文跳躍性增強(qiáng)，隱含信息增多答案干擾性增強(qiáng)在新高考中的呈現(xiàn)0102題干表現(xiàn)形式主題型目的型標(biāo)題型Themainideaofthepassageis__________Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Thepassageismainlyabout______________Thepassageismeantto_________Thepurposeofthearticleisto______________Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe_____________What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?具體范式Everyone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(網(wǎng)上拍賣).Buyingforbeginners:Signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出價(jià))foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.具體范式Howtopay:Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.Howtosell:IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,starringonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.Thebigthingsinlife:It'seasytopostasmallitem,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Cheekthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtomakepaymentonline.B.WaysofmakingdeliveryonlineC.Advantagesofanonline-auctionsystem.D.Howtouseanonline-auctionsystem.出錯(cuò)原因及解題技巧干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)解題技巧干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)01以偏概全干擾項(xiàng)只闡述了文章的部分內(nèi)容，即局部信息02過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)歸納的主題太寬泛，與細(xì)節(jié)脫節(jié)或未對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以論述0403強(qiáng)加觀點(diǎn)令讀者根據(jù)自己的常識(shí)對(duì)文章進(jìn)行判斷而忽視作者的見(jiàn)解04無(wú)中生有關(guān)鍵詞雖出現(xiàn)但與內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)解題技巧仔細(xì)審題，看好范圍。正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)是：一般不出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)信息；不含過(guò)于肯定或絕對(duì)的詞語(yǔ)使用略讀技巧，找到主題句1）轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后的句子很可能是主題句2）首段出現(xiàn)疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答很可能是主題句3）作者反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的觀點(diǎn)通常為主旨；反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)通常為關(guān)鍵詞4）關(guān)注表示總結(jié)性、結(jié)論性的詞標(biāo)題的擬定方式是：以話題為核心，將控制性概念的詞按一定的語(yǔ)法濃縮為概括主題句句意或中心思想的詞組以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語(yǔ)氣或意圖等其他深層次問(wèn)題。試題相關(guān)拓展閱讀理解—任務(wù)型閱讀任務(wù)型閱讀—概要寫作概括能力的廣泛應(yīng)用寫聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀任務(wù)型閱讀小標(biāo)題主題判斷概要寫作優(yōu)質(zhì)材料之間的重復(fù)利用各項(xiàng)能力的綜合訓(xùn)練閱讀理解---任務(wù)型閱讀選取優(yōu)質(zhì)的閱讀理解文章概括每一段的主要內(nèi)容設(shè)

置成正確選項(xiàng)增加兩個(gè)干擾選項(xiàng)任務(wù)型閱讀素材試題改編IEveryone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(網(wǎng)上拍賣)._______________:Signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway._______________:Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出價(jià))foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.試題改編I__________:Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.__________:IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,starringonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.__________:It'seasytopostasmallitem,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Cheekthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.A.HowtopayB.ThebigthingsinlifeC.BuyingforbeginnersD.HowtosellE.HowtobidF.Theonline-auctionsystemG.Howtodeliver任務(wù)型閱讀---概要寫作選取小標(biāo)題型的任務(wù)型閱讀去掉每一段的小標(biāo)題合并或重新組合段落添加補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)信息概要寫作素材試題改編IIEveryone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(網(wǎng)上拍賣).Ifyouareagreenhand,signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出價(jià))foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.試題改編IISellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfor