2021屆高三英語開學(xué)摸底聯(lián)考試題含解析

2021屆高三英語開學(xué)摸底聯(lián)考試題（含解析）注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回?？荚嚂r間120分鐘，滿分150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)請聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一個小題，每段對話讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是:B1.WhatdoesthemanalwaysdoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveaclass.C.Reviewhisnotes.2.HowdoesMikefeel?A.Satisfied.B.Amused.C.Worried.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaclothesshop.4.Whydoesthemanspeaksoloudly?A.TheTVison.B.Toomanypeoplearetalking.C.Thewomanstandsfaraway.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Motherandson.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howwillthewomansendthepackage?A.Byair.B.Bysea.C.Byexpressmail.7.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.￡20.B.￡23.C.￡26.聽第7段材料，回到第8至10題。8.Whichplacewouldthemanliketogo?A.Anearbycity.B.Acrowdedtouristattraction.C.Aquietandfar-awayplace.9.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.Theweather.B.Thefoodandwater.C.Thelanguage.10.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonow?A.Travelwiththeman.B.Dosomegardening.C.Gotothetravelagency.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.HowdoesLiQiangfindhisuniversitylife?A.It'stoochallengingtohandle.B.I’sverydifferentfromthatinChina.C.It'smeaningfulbuttime-consuming.12.WhydoesHiQiangchooseadvancedphysicsintheearlymorning?A.Hefindsiteasy.B.Hehasaclearmind.C.Hecansleep.13.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardsLiQiang'schoices?A.Worried.B.Ambiguous.C.Approving.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howoftenwillthemanbeavailabletowork?A.Nomorethantwoeveningsaweek.B.Uptothreeeveningsaweek.C.Atleastthreeeveningsaweek.15.Whydoesthemanapplyforapart-timejob?A.Togainworkexperience.B.Toimprovehissocialskills.C.Toearnmoney.16.Whatisthemangoodat?A.Solvingproblems.B.Communicatingwithpeople.C.Workinginagroup.17.WhatwillthemandoonSeptember10th?A.Havealesson.B.Workforthecommunity.C.Meetthewoman.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhoisDr.Mottprobablytalkingto?A.Patients.B.Students.C.Teachers.19.WhendidDr.Mottbeginrunning?A.Attheageof27.B.Inmiddleschool.C.Afterhighschool.20.Whatisadvisedtodotostartrunning?A.Walkfirst.B.Gotoagym.C.Buyequipment.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANationalMuseumsinLondonBritishMuseumAddress:GreatRussellStreet,LondonWC1,England,UKAttentionschedule:daily10:00-18:00Oneofthebestmuseumsoftheworld,BritishMuseum,foundedin1753,hasaround7millionobjectsandpresentsovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistory.Takethehistoryofthe5continentsillustratingeveryplaceoftheworld.World-famousobjectssuchastheRosettaStone,Parthenonsculptures,andEgyptianmummiesarevisitedbyuptosixmillionvisitorsperyear.DesignMuseumAddress:28ShadThamesLondonSE12YDAttentionschedule:daily10:00-17:50Themuseumwasfoundedin1989andbecamethefirstmuseumofmoderndesignintheworld.Itoffersinspiringinsightsintotheworldofdesignwithexhibitionsonfashion.architecture,furniture,transportanddigitaldesign.Alongsideitscuttingedgeprogramofpermanentexhibitions,themuseumalsohostsavarietyoftalksandfamilyactivities.NaturalHistoryMuseumAddress:CromwellRoadLondonSW75BD,UK.Attentionschedule:daily10:00--17:45Createdin1881,theMuseumhasmorethan70millionobjectswithareasofbotany;mineralogy,paleontologyandzoology.OthertreasuresfromtheMuseum'suniqueexhibitionscanbeseenacrossitsmanypermanentgalleries,whichincludeoneoftheworld'smostimpressivedinosaurskeletons(骨架).Therearealsoexcitingafter-hourseventsfeaturingearlymorningyoga,silentdiscospracticeandplentyofinteractiveactivities.Victoria&AlbertMuseumAddress:CromwellRoad,LondonSW72RLAttentionschedule:daily10:00-17:30TheVictoria&AlbertMuseumistheworld'sleadingmuseumofart,design,andperformance,representingmorethan3,000yearsofhumancreativity.Foundedin1852,oneofitsmainattractionsisthearchitectureofthemuseum,carvingsanddesignsofgreatartists.Inrecentyears,theV&Ahasundergoneadramaticprogramofrenewal,expansionandrestoration.1.Accordingtothetext,whichmuseumhasthelongesthistory?A.BritishMuseum. B.DesignMuseum.C.NaturalHistoryMuseum. D.Victoria&AlbertMuseum.2.WhatexhibitiondovisitorsprefertoseeinNaturalHistoryMuseum?A.TheRosettaStone. B.Earlymorningyoga.C.Dinosaurskeletons. D.Silentdiscospractice.3.WhatdoNaturalHistoryMuseumandVictoria&AlbertMuseumhaveincommon?A.Botharelocatedonthesameroad. B.Bothhavebeenrebuiltandexpanded.C.Bothhostdifferentinteractiveactivities. D.Botharefamousforgreatartists'works.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹倫敦的幾個國家博物館?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)各大博物館創(chuàng)建時間:BritishMuseumin1753(大英博物館建立于1753年)，DesignMuseumin1989(設(shè)計(jì)博物館建立于1989年),NaturalHistoryMuseumin1881(自然博物館建立于1881年),TheVictoria&AlbertMuseumin1852(維多利亞艾伯特博物館建立于1852年)可知，BritishMuseum創(chuàng)建時間最早，歷史最長。A.BritishMuseum.符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NaturalHistoryMuseum下的OthertreasuresfromtheMuseum'suniqueexhibitionscanbeseenacrossitsmanypermanentgalleries,whichincludeoneoftheworld'smostimpressivedinosaurskeletons.可知，恐龍骨架令人印象深刻，是博物館獨(dú)特的展覽珍品。由此可知，去自然歷史博物館的游客會更愿看到恐龍骨架。C.Dinosaurskeletons.(恐龍骨架)符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NaturalHistoryMuseum下的Address:CromwellRoadLondonSW75BD,UK.和Victoria&AlbertMuseum下的Address:CromwellRoad,LondonSW72RL可知，兩個博物館都在CromwellRoadLondonSW7,即在同一條路上。A.Botharelocatedonthesameroad.(兩個都在同一條路上)符合以上說法，故選A。BTimesofdifficultycanbringoutthebestinhumanity,andthat'scertainlythecasefor10-year-oldChelseaPhaire.ThisyoungresidentinDanbury,Connecticutliftedthespiritsoffosterchildrenbysendingthemover1,500artkits(藝術(shù)包)sincetheoutbreakofCovid-19.Chelsea'spassionprojectbeganin2018whenshereceivedanartkitforher8thbirthdaywhichcontainedartsupplies,books,activities,andpuzzles.Itsuddenlystruckher:somanylessfortunatechildrenlackedaccesstothesameartsupplies.Determinedtohelpkidsinneed,Chelseaencouragedherfriendsandfamilytodonatesuppliesandcreateartkits.Chelseaputtogether40artkits,whichshehand-deliveredtochildrenlivinginhomelesssheltersinDanbury.Butthatwasonlythebeginning,Chelseakepttheballrolling.ShesharedherwishlistonAmazon,listingtheneededsuppliestomakeevenmoreartkits.Sheevendonatedherowntoothfairairymoneytowardtheproject.Bythetimethepandemic(流行病)hit,herrelativesandfriendsallgotinvolved.Withtheirhelp,Chelseagatherednearly1,500artkitstosendtoChildreninhomelesssheltersacrossthecountry.Chelseaalwayshadastrongdesiretostartacharityfromthetimeshewasonly5yearsold.Whenshegotalittleolder,herparentsagreedandhelpedherfoundChelseaCharity.aimingtoprovidemoreartsuppliesandartlessonsforchildrenwhoneeditmost.YoucanfollowthelatestupdatesandfundraisingactivitiesonInstagram@chelseascharity.WecanalllearnalittlesomethingfromChelsea.Evenintimesoftrouble,somethingassimpleandseeminglysmallasanartkitcanbringremarkablejoytoothers.AndasisthecasewithChelsea,kindnesshasaripple(連鎖)effect.Oneperson'sactofgenerosityinspiresthosearoundthemtodothesame.4.WhydidChelseastartherpassionprojectA.Tocelebratehereighthbirthday. B.Todonateartsuppliestocharity.C.Toliftkids'spiritsinthepandemic. D.Tospreadkindnesstokidsintrouble.5.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningChelsea'stoothfairymoney?A.Shewasproudofherwishlist. B.Shewasdevotedtoherproject.C.Shewasinterestedinfairytales. D.Shewasdyingformoredonation.6.HowdidChelseahaveherprojectfurtherdeveloped?ABydeliveringartkitstochildreninperson. B.Byemployingmorepeopleforherproject.C.Bygettingitwellpublicizedthroughmedia. D.Byprovidingartlessonsforhomelesspeople.7.WhatcanwelearnfromthecaseofChelsea?A.Asmallactofkindnesscangoalongway. B.Weshouldbegenerousandkindtoeveryone.C.Greatthingscanonlybedonebymasseffort. D.Weshouldjustbeourselvesintimesoftrouble.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹一則兒童善行故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Determinedtohelpkidsinneed,Chelseaencouragedherfriendsandfamilytodonatesuppliesandcreateartkits."可知:Chelsea創(chuàng)建她的"passionproject"是為了幫助那些需要幫助的孩子，向其傳播善意。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段主題句“Butthatwasonlythebeginning,Chelseakepttheballrolling.”可知:Chelsea的項(xiàng)目越做越大，文章提及她把自己的錢也捐獻(xiàn)出來，是為了表明Chelsea對這個項(xiàng)目的全身心投人。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"ShesharedherwishlistonAmazon及第四段“YoucanfollowthelatestupdatesandfundraisingactivitiesonInstagram@chelseascharity.”可知:，Chelsea靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體推動其項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AndasisthecasewithChelsea,kindnesshasaripple(連鎖)effect.Oneperson'sactofgenerosityinspiresthosearoundthemtodothesame."可知，就像切爾西的情況一樣，善良會產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)。一個人的慷慨行為會激勵周圍的人也這樣做?？赏茢?，從Chelsea的例子我們可知:善行影響巨大，意義深遠(yuǎn)。故選A。CWithcoronavirusoutbreaksatdifferentstagesaroundtheworld,inmanycountrieslockdownsarebeingcarefullyeasedoffwhileurgingcitizenstokeeponpracticingthesocialdistancingrules.Singaporeistryinganewwayofcarryingitout—arobotdog.ThegovernmenthasarrangedSpot,ayellowandblackroboticdogmadebyBostonDynamicsCompany,atonelocalpark.Thesamerobothasbeenpreviouslyseendancingtohitsong“UptownFunk.”However,2020isanextremelydifficultyearandthecompanyistryingtoassistthenationalcoronavirus-controleffort.Inturn,thejobhasbeenhandedovertoSpot.Thefour-leggedrobotdogpatrols(巡查)theparkandbroadcastsapre-recordedmessagetoencouragevisitorstoobservesafedistancingmeasures.Asitwalksaroundthepark,thedogsaysinafemalevoice,“Let'skeepSingaporehealthy.Foryourownsafetyandforthosearoundyou,pleasestandatleastonemeterapart.Thankyou.”Spotisoneoftheworld'smostadvancedrobotsandunlikewheeledrobots,itiscapableofgoingprettymuchanywhereadogcangoandcanwalkuptothreemilesperhouroverdifferentareas,makingitidealforoperationinpublicparksandgardens.Furthermore,itisremotelycontrolledandhascameraswith360-degreevisionandanalytictoolstoscanthesurroundingsandhelpofficialsestimatethenumberofpeoplegatheringinthepark.Fornow,thepilotprojectiscurrentlysettoruninalimitedtrialfortwoweeksatoneparkduringoff-peak(非高峰)hours.Butifallgoeswell,authoritieswillconsiderexpandingtheprogramtoimproveenforcement(強(qiáng)制)ofsocialdistancethroughoutonSingaporeSpotisalsobeingusedinotherwaysduringthepublichealthcrisisbeyondjustpatrollingapark.Thegovernmentsaysit'salsousingSpotinanothercapacity-atalocalisolationfacilitywheretherobothelpsbringmedicinetopatients.8.WhatdoweknowaboutSpotinthepassage?A.It'sadog-likerobotthatcanspeak. B.It’sarobotthatcansingapopularsong.C.It’sawheeledrobotthatcanwalkanywhere. D.It'sarobotnewlyinventedduringthepandemic.9.HowdoesSpotcarryoutitsdutyinthepark?A.Itenforcespeopletofollowtherules. B.Itpolitelyremindspeopletokeepapart.C.Itworksdayandnighttopatrolthepark. D.Itwarnsvisitorsagainstlitteringanywhere.10.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Somesmartfeaturesoftherobot. B.Therobotdog'sbasicequipment.C.Theworkingconditionoftherobot. D.Theexperimentprocessoftheproject.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Spot,ADoglikeRobot,WalksInThePark B.ANewProgramIsExpandingInSingaporeC.AMulti-skilledRobotGoesBeyondThePark D.SingaporeLeadsTheTopInFightingTheCrisis【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。疫情期間，新加坡政府讓機(jī)器狗Spot在公園幫助提醒人們保持距離。文章說明了Spot的工作方式、特點(diǎn)以及它的其他用途?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thefour-leggedrobotdogpatrols(巡查)theparkandbroadcastsapre-recordedmessagetoencouragevisitorstoobservesafedistancingmeasures.Asitwalksaroundthepark,thedogsaysinafemalevoice,"Let'skeepSingaporehealthy.Foryourownsafetyandforthosearoundyou,pleasestandatleastonemeterapart.Thankyou.”可知這只四條腿的機(jī)器狗會在公園里巡邏，并播放預(yù)先錄制好的信息，鼓勵游客采取安全距離措施。當(dāng)它走在公園里時，這只狗會用女聲說：“讓我們保持新加坡的健康。為了您自己和周圍人的安全，請互相保持至少一米的安全距離。謝謝！”由此可知，Spot是一個會說話的像狗一樣的機(jī)器人。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Asitwalksaroundthepark,thedogsaysinafemalevoice,"Let'skeepSingaporehealthy.Foryourownsafetyandforthosearoundyou,pleasestandatleastonemeterapart.Thankyou.”可知當(dāng)它走在公園里時，這只狗會用女聲說：“讓我們保持新加坡的健康。為了您自己和周圍人的安全，請互相保持至少一米的安全距離。謝謝！”由此可知，在公園里，Spot通過禮貌地提醒人們保持安全距離，來履行職責(zé)。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段Spotisoneoftheworld'smostadvancedrobotsandunlikewheeledrobots,itiscapableofgoingprettymuchanywhereadogcangoandcanwalkuptothreemilesperhouroverdifferentareas,makingitidealforoperationinpublicparksandgardens.Furthermore,itisremotelycontrolledandhascameraswith360-degreevisionandanalytictoolstoscanthesurroundingsandhelpofficialsestimatethenumberofpeoplegatheringinthepark.可知Spot是世界上最先進(jìn)的機(jī)器人之一，與輪式機(jī)器人不同的是，它能去任何狗能去的地方，在不同的地方它能以每小時3英里的速度行走，這使它非常適合在公園和花園中工作。此外，它是遠(yuǎn)程控制的，配有360度視野的攝像頭和分析工具，可以掃描周圍環(huán)境，可以幫助官員估計(jì)聚集在公園里的人數(shù)。由此可知，第四段主要談?wù)摿薙pot的一些智能特點(diǎn)。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段ThegovernmenthasarrangedSpot,ayellowandblackroboticdogmadebyBostonDynamicsCompany,atonelocalpark.Thesamerobothasbeenpreviouslyseendancingtohitsong“UptownFunk.”However,2020isanextremelydifficultyearandthecompanyistryingtoassistthenationalcoronavirus-controleffort.Inturn,thejobhasbeenhandedovertoSpot.可知政府在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€公園里安排了一只由波士頓動力公司制造的黃黑相間的機(jī)器狗Spot。此前，人們曾看到這個機(jī)器人隨著歌曲《UptownFunk》跳舞。然而，2020年是極其困難的一年，公司正努力協(xié)助國家冠狀病毒防治工作。而這項(xiàng)工作則交給了Spot。結(jié)合文章介紹了疫情期間，新加坡政府讓機(jī)器狗Spot在公園幫助提醒人們保持距離。文章還說明了Spot的工作方式、特點(diǎn)以及它的其他用途。故A選項(xiàng)“Spot，一只像狗一樣的機(jī)器人，在公園里散步”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。DIfyou'reoutforarun,whatdifferencedoesitmakeifyou'reabletotoughitoutforanother50seconds?Ifyou'relessthanaminutefromthetopofthehill,thatextratimecanmakethedifferencebetweenhavingreachedyourgoalandsnatchingdefeatfromthejawsofvictory.Howdoyougetthoseextrasecondsofenergy?AresearchteamattheTexesTechUniversitydevelopedastudytomeasurewhateffectlisteningtomusicwouldhaveonexercisetolerance.Theresearchersbasedthestudyonastresstesting.Aspartofthetesting,theynotedanychangesinheartrateandbloodpressureasparticipantsunderwentphysicallystressfulexercise.Thetestsweredoneontreadmills(跑步機(jī)),whichincreasedinbothspeedandincline(坡度)throughthreestages.Inthefinalstage,thetreadmillsmovedat10milesperhourata14-percentgrade.Mostofthesetestsweredesignedtolastupto40minutes.Theaveragegym-goerslasted30minutes.Forthisstudy,theydivided127participantsintotwogroups.Onelistenedtoupbeat(快節(jié)奏)music,whiletheothergrouphadearbudsinbutdidnotlistentomusic.Thegroupthatlistenedtomusicwasabletooutlastthenon-musicgroupbyanaverageof50.6seconds.Again,beingabletogoanextraminutemayseemlikeano-brainer,but“after30minutes,youfeellikeyouarerunningupamountain,soevenbeingabletogo50secondslongermeansalot,"saidthestudy'sleadauthor,WaseemShami,MD.Thestudyhasconfirmedsomethingrunnersandgym-goershavesuspectedforyears:Listeningtomusicduringworkoutcanbebeneficialtoyourendurance."Ourfindingsreinforcetheideathatupbeatmusiccanhelpyouexerciselongerandstickwithadailyexerciseroutine,"saidShami.Whendoctorsarerecommendingexercise,theymightsuggestlisteningtomusic,too."12.WhydidShami’steamconducttheresearch?A.Totesttheeffectofmusiconhealth. B.Toknowthecauseoffailureinsports.C.Toimproverunners'exercisetolerance. D.Torecordthebodychangeofparticipants13.WhatdidtheresearchersthanabouttheParticipantsinthestresstesting?A.Theyranmuchfasterthanaveragerunners. B.Theycreatedanewrecordofindoorsports.C.Theycouldrunalittlelongerwithmusicon. D.Theyallenjoyedextremephysicalchallenge14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ano-brainer”meaninparagraph4?A.Adullactivity. B.Afoolishaction.C.Ademandingtask. D.Aneasypractice15.WhatdidShamisuggestusdoinginthelastparagraph?A.Developingadailyexerciseroutine. B.ListeningtomusicwhileworkingoutC.Participatinginphysicalstresstesting. D.Takingexerciseasdoctorsrecommend.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹一項(xiàng)研究表明，鍛煉時聽音樂可以提高運(yùn)動耐力。介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程，以及研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了跑步者和健身愛好者多年來的懷疑：在鍛煉時聽音樂對你的耐力有好處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Ifyou'reoutforarun,whatdifferencedoesitmakeifyou'reabletotoughitoutforanother50seconds?Ifyou'relessthanaminutefromthetopofthehill,thatextratimecanmakethedifferencebetweenhavingreachedyourgoalandsnatchingdefeatfromthejawsofvictory.(如果你出去跑步，如果你能夠再堅(jiān)持50秒，會產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響呢？如果你距離山頂不到一分鐘，那么這段額外的時間就可以在你達(dá)到目標(biāo)和從勝利的邊緣搶奪失敗之間做出不同的決定)可知對于運(yùn)動員來說，最后的一分鐘決定著成與敗。以及第二段中Howdoyougetthoseextrasecondsofenergy?AresearchteamattheTexesTechUniversitydevelopedastudytomeasurewhateffectlisteningtomusicwouldhaveonexercisetolerance.可知如何獲得這些額外的能量？德克薩斯理工大學(xué)的一個研究小組開展了一項(xiàng)研究，以衡量聽音樂對鍛煉耐力的影響。由此推斷，Shami的小組進(jìn)行該研究的目的是怎樣提高運(yùn)動耐力。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Thegroupthatlistenedtomusicwasabletooutlastthenon-musicgroupbyanaverageof50.6seconds.可知聽音樂的那一組比不聽音樂的那一組平均多堅(jiān)持了50.6秒。由此可知，音樂對測試者的運(yùn)動耐力有一定影響，聽音樂可以使他們堅(jiān)持更長時間。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文but“after30minutes,youfeellikeyouarerunningupamountain,soevenbeingabletogo50secondslongermeansalot可知但是30鐘后你感覺自己好像在爬山，所以即使能多跑50秒也意義重大。由此推斷，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明上文的意思是能夠多跑一分鐘，一開始好像是很容易的練習(xí)，但是三十分鐘后就像在爬山一樣累。故劃線詞意思為“容易的練習(xí)”。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Ourfindingsreinforcetheideathatupbeatmusiccanhelpyouexerciselongerandstickwithadailyexerciseroutine,"saidShami."Whendoctorsarerecommendingexercise,theymightsuggestlisteningtomusic,too."可知Shami說：“我們的研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了這樣一個觀點(diǎn)，即歡快的音樂可以幫助你鍛煉的時間更長，并能堅(jiān)持日常鍛煉。當(dāng)醫(yī)生建議鍛煉時，他們可能也會建議聽音樂?！庇纱丝赏浦琒hami建議我們鍛煉時聽音樂。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)規(guī)文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空自處的最住選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Readingisavaluableskillforchildren.Itcanhelpthemlearnandgrowinmanyways.Buttheloveofreadingcan’tbeforced.Pushingachildtolearnbeforeheisreadycanmakelearningtoreadfrustrating.Asaparenthelpingyourchildtoenjoyreadingatyoungageisoneofthemostimportantthings.___16___Byfarthemosteffectivewaytoencourageyourchildtolovebooksandreadingistoreadaloudtohimandtheearlieryoustart.thebetter.Eyenababyofafewmonthscanseepictureslistentoyourvoice,andturncardboardpages.___17___Themoreexcitementyoushowwhenyoureadabook,themoreyourchildwillenjoyit.___18___Atthisstage,encouragehimtoreadtoyousomeofthetime.Taketurnsreadingwithyourchildtomodelmoreadvancedreadingskills.Thiscanhelpbuildyourchild'sconfidenceinhisabilitytoreadandhelphimenjoylearningnewskills.Childrenwhoreallyenjoylearningaremorelikelytodowellinschool.Asyourchildbeginselementaryschool,hewillbeginhisformalreadingeducation.___19___Besidesreadingbooksinclass,keepinmindthattheschoollibraryisanexcellentsourceforawidevarietyofmaterials.Encourageyourchildtobringhomebooksfromtheschoollibraryforpleasureaswellasforhisstudies.___20___Youareyourchild'sfirst,andmostimportantteacher.Theencouragementandsupportyougiveyourchildashelearnstoreadwillhelphimenjoyreadingandlearningevenmore.A.Readingachildbookvividlycanbefunforyou,too.B.It'swellworththeinvestmentofyourtimeandenergy.C.Mostchildrenlearntoreadwithoutanymajorproblems.D.Mostofall,makesureyougiveyourchildlotsofpraise!E.Teachersusemanymethodstoteachchildrenhowtoread.F.Anddon'tstopreadingaloudonceyourchildlearnstoread.G.Theschoollibrarianisknowledgeableaboutchildren'sliterature【答案】16.B17.A18.F19.E20.D【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要提出了一些有助于父母幫助孩子從小養(yǎng)成閱讀習(xí)慣的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Asaparenthelpingyourchildtoenjoyreadingatyoungageisoneofthemostimportantthings.可知作為父母，幫助你的孩子在年幼的時候享受閱讀是最重要的事情之一。該句承接上文，說明這么做的意義是：你所投人的時間和精力是值得的。故B選項(xiàng)“你投入的時間和精力是非常值得的”符合語境，故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Byfarthemosteffectivewaytoencourageyourchildtolovebooksandreadingistoreadaloudtohimandtheearlieryoustart，thebetter.Eyenababyofafewmonthscanseepictureslistentoyourvoice,andturncardboardpages.(到目前為止，鼓勵你的孩子喜歡讀書和閱讀的最有效的方法是越早大聲地給他朗讀，越好。一個幾個月大的嬰兒可以看到圖片，聽你的聲音，翻頁)和后文Themoreexcitementyoushowwhenyoureadabook,themoreyourchildwillenjoyit.可知當(dāng)你閱讀一本書時，你表現(xiàn)得越興奮，你的孩子就越喜歡它。由此可推知，本句為過渡句，當(dāng)家長生動地閱讀時，其實(shí)對家長來說也很有趣，孩子也會越喜歡。故A選項(xiàng)“生動地讀一本兒童讀物對你來說也很有趣”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文Atthisstage,encouragehimtoreadtoyousomeofthetime.Taketurnsreadingwithyourchildtomodelmoreadvancedreadingskills.Thiscanhelpbuildyourchild'sconfidenceinhisabilitytoreadandhelphimenjoylearningnewskills.Childrenwhoreallyenjoylearningaremorelikelytodowellinschool.可知在這個階段，鼓勵他偶爾讀給你聽。輪流和你的孩子一起閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)更高級的閱讀技巧。這可以幫助你的孩子建立對他的閱讀能力的信心，并幫助他享受學(xué)習(xí)新技能。真正喜歡學(xué)習(xí)的孩子在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好。由此可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是說明孩子到了學(xué)會了閱讀的階段，但是還是要鼓勵大聲朗讀，或者家長和孩子輪流朗讀。故F選項(xiàng)“一旦你的孩子學(xué)會了閱讀，不要停止大聲朗讀”符合語境，故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文Besidesreadingbooksinclass,keepinmindthattheschoollibraryisanexcellentsourceforawidevarietyofmaterials.Encourageyourchildtobringhomebooksfromtheschoollibraryforpleasureaswellasforhisstudies.可知除了在課堂上閱讀書籍，請記住，學(xué)校圖書館是一個豐富多樣的資料的極好來源。鼓勵孩子從學(xué)校圖書館帶書回家，不僅是為了學(xué)習(xí)，也是為了娛樂。由此可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)說明老師們用許多方法教孩子閱讀，除了在課堂上閱讀，還可以去圖書館。故E選項(xiàng)“老師們用許多方法教孩子們?nèi)绾伍喿x”符合語境，故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文Theencouragementandsupportyougiveyourchildashelearnstoreadwillhelphimenjoyreadingandlearningevenmore.可知孩子學(xué)讀書時，你給的鼓勵支持越多，孩子越喜歡讀書，學(xué)到的也更多。由此可知，本句是在強(qiáng)調(diào)要多鼓勵孩子。故D選項(xiàng)“最重要的是，一定要給你的孩子很多鼓勵!”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A.、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sam,ourbelovedcompanionover10years.diedtwomonthsago.Itwasstillabigblowtomyfamilyuntilwefinallydecidedto___21___anothershepherddogthroughthelocalGermanShepherdRescue.Aftermeetingwiththehostfamilytoseeifwemetthe____22____foradoption,wewereallowedtotakea2-year-oldfemaleShepherdhome.Shewasa___23___dog.loving,gentleandsmart!Onedayonawalk,aneighbor'sdogcrossedthestreetinan(a)___24___mannerandattackedherasshesteppedinfrontofme.Afterthat,sheimmediately___25___afierceanimalwhenevershesawanyotherdog!WhenI___26___withtheprevioushostfamily,Iwastoldshe’dalsobeen___27___badlywhileatadogparkwiththem!QuicklyIsearchedandfoundan(a)___28___womanwithherowndog一ateamwhowouldhelpSamremoveherterrible___29___TheotherdogwasanAustralianShepherd.Wewere___30___towalktotheendofthestreet.Oncethere,Isawthewomanandherobedient(順從)trained___31___!Asweslowlyapproachedthem,I___32___assoonasmydogbecameanxious.Herdogwas___33___sitting,simplywatchingfordirections.Asweekspassed,thesetwodogs___34___walkedsidebysidebecauseofthisquiet,steadyandcareful___35___!AcalmAustralianShepherderasedthefearofaGermanShepherdandfinallyhealedherinvisiblescars.21.A.train B.hire C.adopt D.offer22.A.instructions B.oppositions C.standards D.problems23.A.generous B.grateful C.wonderful D.careful24.A.casual B.cautious C.curious D.aggressive25.A.ranafter B.changedinto C.foughtwith D.cameacross26.A.debated B.bargained C.signed D.checked27.A.refused B.cheated C.attacked D.treated28.A.amusing B.amazing C.promising D.confusing29.A.shame B.loneliness C.sadness D.fear30.A.persuaded B.required C.reminded D.warned31.A.partner B.owner C.driver D.competitor32.A.stopped B.cheered C.passed D.returned33.A.angrily B.calmly C.nervously D.honestly34.A.quickly B.occasionally C.gradually D.suddenly35.A.process B.course C.service D.performance【答案】21.C22.C23.C24.D25.B26.D27.C28.B29.D30.B31.A32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了幫助一只牧羊犬消除恐懼的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這對我的家庭來說仍然是一個巨大的打擊，直到我們最終決定通過當(dāng)?shù)氐牡聡裂蛉仍偈震B(yǎng)一只牧羊犬。A.train訓(xùn)練;B.hire租用;C.adopt收養(yǎng)，D.offer提供。根據(jù)下文“metthe__foradoption"可知:Sam死了，作者一家又收養(yǎng)了另一只牧羊犬。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在與寄宿家庭會面，看我們是否符合領(lǐng)養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，我們被允許帶一只2歲大的雌性牧羊犬回家。A.instructions用法說朗，指令，B.oppositions反對，對手;C.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn);D.problems難題。根據(jù)常識可知，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)犬類需要看是否滿足收養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和條件。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它是非常好的一條狗。A.generous慷慨的;B.grateful感激的;C.wonderful極好的;D.careful小心的。根據(jù)下文loving,gentleandsmart!可知，這只牧羊犬可愛，溫順而且聰明靈巧，是一只非常好的狗。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我正在散步，鄰居的狗穿過街道，咄咄逼人地襲擊了走到我面前的狗。A.casual隨便的;B.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的;C.curious好奇的;D.aggressive好斗的。根據(jù)attackedherasshesteppedinfrontofme.可知，鄰居有一只好斗的狗，它穿過街道來攻擊了作者的狗。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，每當(dāng)她看到別的狗，她就立刻變成一只兇猛的動物!A.ranafter追趕;B.changedinto變成;C.foughtwith與……戰(zhàn)斗;D.cameacross偶然遇到。根據(jù)空后afierceanimal和上下文語境語意可知，此處指每當(dāng)見到另一只狗，她就會變成兇猛的動物。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我向之前的狗核實(shí)這只狗以前的情況，我被告知她也在一個狗公園被嚴(yán)重攻擊過!A.debated辯論;B.bargained討價還價;C.signed簽署，示意;D.checked核對，檢查。根據(jù)空后Iwastoldshe’dalsobeen7badlywhileatadogparkwiththem!可知，此處指的是作者向狗原來的主人核實(shí)這只狗以前的情況。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.refused拒絕;B.cheated欺騙;C.attacked攻擊;D.treated對待。根據(jù)badlywhileatadogparkwiththem!可知，作者向狗原來的主人詢問，了解到以前他們在遛狗公園時，這只狗也受到過惡劣的攻擊。故選C。28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快就找到了一個帶著自己的狗的神奇的女人——一個幫助薩姆消除恐懼的團(tuán)隊(duì)。A.amusing有趣的;B.amazing令人驚奇的;C.promising有希望的，有前途的;D.confusing令人困惑的。根據(jù)后文ateamwhowouldhelpSamremoveherterrible9可知，這位女士做的事情，讓人覺得很神奇，他們一起幫助自己的狗消除了恐懼。故選B。29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.shame羞愧;B,loneliness孤獨(dú);C.sadness傷心;D.fear恐懼，害怕。根據(jù)文章最后一句中“erasedthefearofaGermanShephered"可知:作者的狗