2022年職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ怋級閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題2

2022年職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ怋級閱讀理解訓(xùn)練題2ArchiveGallery:TheBestofBionics(仿生學(xué))

Humansmightbethemosthighly-evolvedspeciesontheplanet,butmostanimalspossessskillswecanonlydreamofhaving.Imaginehowmuchelectricitywecouldsaveifwecouldseeinthedarkthewaycatsdo.Imagineleapingfromtreetotreelikeamonkey.Giraffes(長頸鹿),whichareotherwisecalmandgood-natured,sleeponly4.6hoursaday.

Werealizedalong,longtimeagothatnatureprovidesthebestblueprint(藍(lán)圖)forinvention.We’veborrowedcanalsfrombeavers(河貍)andreflectorsfromcat’seyes.Althoughthewords“bionics”becamepopularonlyafterthe1960s,historyshowsthatnaturehasalwaysprovidedideasonsolvingeverydayproblems.Ourarchives(檔案)don’tgobacktothetimeofLeonardodaVinciandhisbird-likeflyingmachines,butwecantakeyoutothelate19thcentury,whereweappliedthosesameprinciplesforbuildingourfirstpracticalairplanes.

TopreparefortheirflightatKittyHawk,theWrightbrothersstudiedthemovementsofpigeonstofigureouthowtheystayedhighupwhentheywereheavierthanair.Theirsuccessinspiredscoresofsuccessorstoimproveontheairplanebystudyingvariousaspectsofnature.OneofOrvilleWright’spupilscaughtandstuffedseagullstoexaminetheirwingspan.Meanwhile,twoFrenchinventorsexaminedspinningsycamore(梧桐)seedsinanefforttoapplythosesamemotions,reversed,toahelicopter.

Someexamplesaremoreobviousthanothers.TheoutsideoftheairplanedesignedbytheWrightbrotherslookslikeaminimalistic(簡潔抽象藝術(shù))structure.Ontheotherhand,BarneyConnett’sfishsubmarine(潛水艇)actuallylookslikeafish.

Somebio-inspiredconceptshaveyettobeinvented.Inthe1960s,theUSArmycommissionedseveraluniversityprofessorstoconductresearchonthemotorskillsanimalsinhopeofapplyingthosesameabilitiestotanks.Tanksthatrunlikehorsesorjumplikegrasshoppers(螞蚱)-soundsshocking,doesn’tit?Butimaginehowlifewouldchangeifwecouldachievethat.

36.“cats”,”monkeys”and“giraffes”mentionedinparagraph1areexamplestoillustrate

A.theyarehighly-evolvedspeciesashumans.

B.humanscanlearnanimals’skills.

C.theyareskillfulindifferentways.

D.animalshaveskillsthathumansdonotpossess.

37.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinthearchivegallery?

A.Historybooks.

B.TheWrightbrothers’sculpture.

C.Firstpracticalairplanesbuiltinthelate19thcentury.

D.Leonardodavinci’sbird-likeflyingmachines.

38.WhathappenedaftertheWrightbrothers’success?

A.Peoplecarriedoutasystematicstudyonpigeons.

B.Peoplestudiedmoreanimalsandplantstodeveloptheairplane.

C.Peoplecoundflytheirairplaneforfun.

D.PeoplekepttheirairplaneataFrenchgallery.

39.WhichofthefollowingintrueabouttheresearchcarriedoutbytheUSArmy?

A.Ithaschangedourlife.

B.Ithascostalargesumofmoney.

C.Ithasimprovedtheabilitiesoftanks.

D.Ithasnotsucceededyet.

40.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellinthepassage?

A.Manyinventionsgetideasfromnature.

B