Lesson-23-Bird-flight鳥(niǎo)的飛行方法

Lesson23Birdflight鳥(niǎo)的飛行方法聽(tīng)錄音，然后答復(fù)以下問(wèn)題。

Whatarethetwomaintypesofbirdflightdescribedbytheauthor?

Notwosortsofbirdspractisequitethesamesortofflight;thevarietiesareinfinite;buttwoclassesmayberoughlyseen.AnyshithatcrossesthePacificisaccompaniedformanydaysbythesmalleralbatross,Whichmaykeepcompanywiththevesselforanhourwithoutvisibleormorethanoccasionalmovementofwing.Thecurrentsofairthatthewallsoftheshipdirectupwards,aswellasinthelineofitscourse,areenoughtogivethegreatbirdwithitsimmensewingssufficientsustenanceandprogress.Thealbatrossisthekingofthegliders,theclassofflierswhichharnesstheairtotheirpurpose,butmustyieldtoitsopposition.Inthecontraryschool,theduckissupreme.Itcomesnearertotheengineswithwhichmanhas”conquered”theair,asheboasts.Duck,andlikethemthepigeons,areendowedwithsuch-likemuscles,thatareagoodpartoftheweightofthebird,andthesewillplytheshortwingswithsuchirresistiblepowerthattheycanboreforlongdistancesthroughanopposinggalebeforeexhaustionfollows.Theirhumblerfollowers,suchaspartridges,havealikepowerofstrongpropulsion,butsoontire.Youmaypickthemupinutterexhaustion,ifwindovertheseahasdriventhemtoalongjourney.Theswallowsharesthevirtuesofbothschoolsinhighestmeasure.Ittiresnot,nordoesitboastofitspower;butbelongstotheair,travellingitmaybesixthousandmilestoandfromitsnorthernnestinghome,feedingitsflownyoungasitflies,andslippingthroughwenolongertakeomensfromtheirflightonthissideandthat;andeventhemostsuperstitiousvillagersnolongertakeofftheirhatstothemagpieandwishitgood-morning.

WILLIAMBEACHTHOMASACountryman”sCreed

Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)

albatross

n.信天翁

sustenance

n.支撐力

glider

n.滑翔者

harness

v.利用

endow

v.賦有

ply

v.不斷地供應(yīng)

gale

n.大風(fēng)

partridge

n.鷓鴣

like

adj.類(lèi)似的

propulsion

n.推動(dòng)力

utter

adj.完全的

slip

v.滑行

adverse

adj.逆的，相反的

omen

n.預(yù)兆

參考譯文

沒(méi)有任何兩種鳥(niǎo)的飛行方式是一樣的。鳥(niǎo)的飛行方式千差萬(wàn)別，但大體上可分為兩類(lèi)。任何一艘橫度太平洋的輪船都會(huì)有一種小信天翁伴隨飛行很多天。它們隨船飛行一小時(shí)也難得見(jiàn)其扇動(dòng)一下翅膀。沿船體的上升的氣流和沿航線向前的氣流給這種巨翼大鳥(niǎo)以足夠的浮力和推力。信天翁是滑翔飛行的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，它能自如地駕馭空氣，但必需順氣流飛行。與滑翔鳥(niǎo)相對(duì)的另一類(lèi)鳥(niǎo)中，數(shù)野鴨本事。它更近乎于人類(lèi)自夸的“制服”了空氣的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。野鴨及它們相像的鴿子有天賦的鋼鐵般的肌肉，占了體重的很大一局部。這些肌肉以巨大的力氣扇動(dòng)短小的翅膀，使這類(lèi)鳥(niǎo)能頂著大風(fēng)飛行很遠(yuǎn)的路才會(huì)疲憊。次于野鴨和鴿子的鳥(niǎo)，如鷓鴣，有相像的巨大推動(dòng)力，但很快會(huì)疲憊。假如海風(fēng)驅(qū)使它們飛行很長(zhǎng)距離，你可以撿到一些因筋疲力盡而摔下來(lái)的鷓鴣。燕子充分兼有這兩類(lèi)鳥(niǎo)的特長(zhǎng)，它既不疲憊，也不炫耀自己的