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2015高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)分析與真題演練
|一、冠詞:|?、考點(diǎn)分析
冠詞在廣東四年新高考中考了三年,可見(jiàn)冠詞是一個(gè)??键c(diǎn)。主要考點(diǎn)有:
1、定冠詞the表示特指。
(2010年廣東卷)Ayoungman,whiletravellingthroughadesert,cameacross、springofclearwater.
31waterwassweet.(the)
【解析】特指前面提到的clearwater。
【總結(jié)】1、+名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)、可數(shù)或不可數(shù))(表特指)
2、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+of等介詞短語(yǔ)(表特指)
3、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+定語(yǔ)從句(表特指)
4、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+不定式短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ)(表特指)
2、不定冠詞a/an泛指“一個(gè)(次,本,座,...)
(2009年廣"東卷)Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot33pleasantexperience:people
steppedonyourfeetorpushedyouwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabaigain.(a)
【解析】意思是“一次”愉快的經(jīng)歷。表示“一次”,用不定冠詞,又因pleasant以輔音開(kāi)頭,故
填a。
(2007年廣東卷)...theheadofthevilla-cwastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35
smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage,(a)
【解析】意思是將車(chē)?yán)诫x那里大約有20公里遠(yuǎn)的“一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)”。表示“一個(gè)”,用不定冠詞。
【總結(jié)】1、+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(表泛指)
2、+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(表泛指)
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1.Firstimpressionarethemostlastiiig.Afterall,younevergetsecondchancetomake
firstimpression.(2010北京卷)
2.It'sgoodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgiventhempleasure.
(2010福建卷)
3.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefiomallwalksofli色areworking
hardfornewJiangsu.(2010江蘇卷)
4.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsinspace,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownontoearth.
(2010遼寧卷)
5.Ifwesitnearfrontofthebus,we911havebetterview.(2010山東卷)
6.Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.(2010重慶卷)
7.Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyouflyingstartinlife.(2010四川卷)
8.Ittookusqiiitealongtimetogettotheamusementpaik.Itwasthree-hourjourney.(2010
上海卷)[Itwaseight-hourjourney.]
9.Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.(2009安徽卷)
10.ThisareaexperiencedheaviestrainfallinmonthofMay.(2009遼寧卷)
(Key:1.a;the2.a3.a4.the5.the;a6.a7.a8.a9.a;a10.the;the)
二、It的用法與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)一、考點(diǎn)分析
在最近三年的高考中,每年都考查了it的用法??键c(diǎn)為:
1、替代前文已提到的內(nèi)容。
(2010年廣東卷)Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleather.Heaskedhisteacher,
“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike38?”(it)
[解析]指前面提到的“水(thewater)
(2008年廣東卷)hissaidthatashort-temDeredmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasvery
anxioustohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthe
cropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected,(it)
[解析]代替前文中的(how)tohelphiscropgrowupquickly。
2、作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。
(2009年廣東卷)JanewaswalkingroundthedeDartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult
wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather,(it)
[解析?]在賓語(yǔ)從句中作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是tochoose……o
此外,談到it的用法,我們自然會(huì)想到含it的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),盡管在這四年廣東高考中尚未考查到,
但我們不可忽視,這是一個(gè)重要的潛在考點(diǎn)。
【總結(jié)】(1)根據(jù)本句句意和空格前一句的內(nèi)容及其兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系,判斷空格處是不是需
要填代替前文某個(gè)內(nèi)容的代詞it..
(2)根據(jù)句式判斷是不是填作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的it。如:1)itisadj/n+todo/doing/
that(eg:1)ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.2)我們學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。Itisimportantfor
ustolearnEnglishwell./ItisimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Itisourdutytohelp
others4)Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.5)[2009年廣東】
2)find/feel/think/considerit+adj/n+todo/doing/that(eg:1)Wefinditimportant
tolearnEnglishwell.2)WefinditimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Wefinditourduty
tohelpothers4)Wefinditnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.)
3)Itis/wassaid/reported/believedthat
(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容+that+句子其他成分。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Ihe.魚(yú)豆祖shewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.(2010遼寧卷)
2.Thedoctorthoughtwouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.(2010全國(guó)卷)
3.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneytobuy.
(2009四川卷)
4.Itisoften(say)thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.(2009全國(guó)II)
5.Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillagethehostesscookedsuch
anicedinner.(2010安徽卷)
6.John'ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkhasmadehim
whatheistoday.(2010湖南卷)
7.wasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearthathemetthegirlhewouldliketo
marry.(2009江西卷)
8.I'vereadanotherbookthisweek.
--Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.(2009浙江卷)
(Key:1.it2.it3.it4.said5.that6.that7.It8.it)
三、代詞:|一、考點(diǎn)分析
代詞在廣東四年新高考中,年年都考,四年考了五個(gè)小題,可見(jiàn)這是必考點(diǎn),我們復(fù)習(xí)備
考時(shí)必須給予重視。近四年來(lái)的考點(diǎn)有:
1、不定代詞。
(2010年廣東卷)Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet36studenttastethewater.(another)
【解析】在給老師送水的這個(gè)學(xué)生離開(kāi)后,應(yīng)是給他的“另?個(gè)”學(xué)生嘗一嘗,泛指若干個(gè)中的“另
一個(gè)“,用another0
(2007年廣東卷)Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostess'scourtyardandthatnightone
ofthemended.upinadishonmytable.37villagersbroughtmegoafscheeseandhoney.
(Others/Some)
【解析】拿goat'scheeseandhoney來(lái)給我的應(yīng)是“其他的”村民或者“有一些”村民。
2、人稱代詞。
(2009廣東卷)Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,
sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease38.(him)
【解析】她給父親買(mǎi)禮物,根據(jù)常識(shí)其目的應(yīng)是“使她的父親高興(pleaseherfather)”,替代her
father,在句中作賓語(yǔ),用人稱代詞的賓格,故填him。
(2007年廣東卷)Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwanted
torewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused40.(her)
【解析】因(that)Ihadcaused是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是trouble,代表先行詞trouble的關(guān)系
代詞that在從句中作賓語(yǔ),被省略了;由搭配causesb.trouble(給某人造成麻煩)可知,填her,
指代theoldwomano
3、物主代詞。
(2008年廣東卷)[tjssaidthatashort-tempered.manintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasvery
anxioustohelp40ricecropgrowupquickly,(his)
【解析】由文中的hiscrop,thecrop等可知,名詞crop前填限定詞;這個(gè)急性子人當(dāng)然是急于
使“他的“禾苗長(zhǎng)得快,故填his。
此外,反身代詞,替代詞that、one,表示兩者或多者的代詞all、both、either>neither,復(fù)
合不定代詞something、nothing等在廣東高考中雖然還沒(méi)有考查到,但我們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)高考中仍需
重視。
【總結(jié)】因句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主要由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式等充當(dāng),而名詞、動(dòng)名詞或
不定式等實(shí)詞通常會(huì)放在有提示詞的空格中考查,所以純空格所填詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),
通常填代詞,包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、反身代詞(不
能作主語(yǔ))等。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)就只能用形容詞性物主代詞。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi'anishigherthatinanyotherareaofthecity.
(2010陜西卷)
2.Youareateamstar!Workingwithisreallyyourcupoftea.(2010安徽卷)
3.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesayforme?(2010福建卷)
4.Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Thereislikeswimmingasameansofkcepingft.(2010江
西卷)
5.Tilspendhalfofmyholiday'practicingEnglishandthehalflearningdrawing.(2010全國(guó)卷)
6.Neithersideispreparedtotalktotheunlesswecansmooththingoverbetweenthem.
(2010全國(guó)卷II)
7.Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(2010LL|東卷)
8.inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.(2010天津卷)
9.that'simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.(2010浙
江卷)
10.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundofthemagain.(2010重
慶卷)
11.OnmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookofwhenIwasababy.(2010四川卷)
12.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon.(2010上海卷)
13.???Wow!You'vegotsomanyclothes.
一Butofthemareinfashionnow.(2009上海卷)
14.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas__ofpublichealth.(2009全國(guó)II)
15.1feltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn'tfacedaylikethat.
(2009山東卷)
16.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswerofthem.(2009陜西卷)
(Key:1.that2.others3.something4.nothing5.other6.other7.one8.Nothing9.All10.either11.
me12.ourselves13.none14.that15.another16.any)
四、介詞:|一、考點(diǎn)分析
在廣東四年新高考中,共考了7個(gè)小題,是一個(gè)必考點(diǎn),且在語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目中所占比例最重。主
要考點(diǎn)有:
1、常用的簡(jiǎn)單介詞。
(2010年廣東卷)Theyoungmanwenthomeahappyheart,(with)
【解析】表示“帶著”愉快的心情,此介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ)wenthome.
(2008年廣東卷)ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople'sdaily
life.theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.(Behind/In)
【解析】指”在這些成語(yǔ)的背后”或“在這些成語(yǔ)里”常常會(huì)有一些有趣的故事,表示“在……的背
后”,用介詞behind;表示“在……里”,用in。
(2008年廣東卷)Hewasverytireddoingthisfbrawholeday,(after/from)
【解析】因"他感到很累”應(yīng)是“在他做了一整天事之后,”表示“在……之后”,用介詞after;另
外betiredfromdoing是固定短語(yǔ),表示“因做某事而累”,所以也可填from。
(2007年廣東卷)Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowho
shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeaguestintheirhouse.(as)
【解析】意思是“把我當(dāng)作客人”來(lái)接待,表示“當(dāng)作,作為“,用介詞as。
2、固定短語(yǔ)或句式搭配中的介詞。
(2009年廣東卷)Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegood
qualitypipes37sale.(on)
【解析】固定搭配onsale,表示“出售
(2009年廣東卷)WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutweH-chQSFnpresentinherbag,her
parentswerealready39tablehavingsupper.(at)
【解析】名詞(table)在句中不作主語(yǔ),也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),很可能就是作介詞的賓語(yǔ);山having
supper可知,填at;因?yàn)閍ttable表示“在餐桌邊,在進(jìn)餐“,也是習(xí)慣搭配。
(2007年廣東卷)Whenthetimecamefbrmetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwanted
torewardtheoldwoman39thetroubleIhadcausedher.(fbr)
【解析】表示“因...而酬謝/報(bào)答某人''是rewardsbfbrsht,類似的表達(dá)還有thanksbforsth;
praisesbforsth:因...表?yè)P(yáng)某人;punishsbforsth:因懲罰某人等
【總結(jié)】當(dāng)“+(限定詞)+名詞”或“+代詞”在句中不充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),該空
格通常應(yīng)填介詞。此外,填介詞時(shí),除了考慮與其后名詞的搭配外,也要考慮與前面的動(dòng)詞、
形容詞的搭配。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1.Wouldyoumindnotpickingtheflowersinthegarden?Theyareeveryone?senjoyment.
(2010北京卷)
2.Wegivedogstime,spaceandlovewecanspare,andreturn,dogsgiveustheirall.(2010江
西卷)
3.1tohissuggestiontheconditionthathedropsallcharges.
4.MyfatherwarnedmegoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowedwithtourists.(2010天
津卷)
5.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneyme.(2010重慶卷)
6.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisbackabigtree.(2010四川卷)
7.Seanhasformedthehabitofjoggingthetree-linedavenuefbrtwohourseverydays.(2010
上海卷)
8.■一Howamazingitisthatastronautsareexploringouterspace!
…It'sachallenge,Iguess,managainstnature.(2009福建卷)
9.Theartshowwasfarbeingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.(2009天津卷)
10.MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblemsthemselves,andsolvetheir
problemsthemselves.(2009湖南卷)
11.Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothers?interestshisown.(2009四川卷)
12.Everybodywastouchedwordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(2009全國(guó)卷)
13.Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,littleforeignownership.
(2009北京卷)
14.Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealoteasyreach.(2009山東卷)
15.HeinvitedmetoadanceaftertheshowChristmasEve.(2009映西卷)
16.Try_onthisredskirt;youwilllookgreatit.(2009重慶卷)
17.Childrenneedfriendstheirownagetoplaywith.(2009遼寧卷)
(Key:I.for2.in3.on4.against5.with6.against7.along8.of9.from10.to;by11.above12.
beyond13.with14.within15.on16.in17.of)
五、形容詞與副畫(huà)[一、考點(diǎn)分析
在廣東新高考中,有三年考查了形容詞和副詞的用法,是一個(gè)??键c(diǎn)。主要考查了:
1、形容詞的句法作用。形容詞在句中主要作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
(2008年廣東卷)Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir39(nature)course.
(natural)
【解析】在名詞course前作定語(yǔ),用形容詞。
2、副詞的句法作用。副詞在句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一副詞,作狀語(yǔ)。
(2010年廣東卷)Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled34(warm),andthankedhisstudentvery
muchforthesweetwater,(wannly)
【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞smiled,作狀語(yǔ),用副詞形式。
(2007年廣東卷)Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight,(merrily)
【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞talked作狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用副詞merrily0
3、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)。
(2010年廣東卷)Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimply
thecontainerfbranactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe39(sweet).^^(sweeter)
【解析】意思是“什么也不會(huì)比這更甜”即“這是世界上最甜的東西工
(2008年廣東卷)Hewasverytired37afterdoingthisforawholeday,yethefeltveryhappysince
thecropdid"grow"38(high).(higher)
【解析】指比他pickupafewinches之前“長(zhǎng)”得“更高”了,這是省略了thanbefore的隱性比較級(jí)。
【解題技巧]:一般說(shuō)來(lái),有表示范圍的in/of介詞短語(yǔ),一般要用最高級(jí);than的前面一定要
用比較級(jí),但在特定語(yǔ)境中,"than+比較對(duì)象”和在最后級(jí)中表示比較范圍的of/in短語(yǔ)常常
被省略,此時(shí)我們要注意辨別這種隱性的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurely(person)viewofhowwecanlivelifetothe
fullandmakesomesuggestionsaboutthefuture.(2010湖北卷)
2.Computersandmobilephones,thoughtheyareindeedmakingourlife(ease)andmore
—(efficiency),havereducedtheneedforface-to-faceconversations.(2010江西卷)
3.???Volunteeringisbecoming(increase)popularinChina.
-Yeah,peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.(2010福建卷)
4.Theislandis(equal)attractiveinspringandautumnbecauseoftheDleasantweatherin
bothseasons.
5.Doyouthinkshoppinginlinewill(final)taketheplaceofshoppinginstores?(2010浙江
卷)
6.MrBlackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeenpopular.
7.Frankputthemedicineinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe(access)tthekids.
(2009江西卷)
8.Doyouthinkifsagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?
―(actual),Ido.Ithinkit'sagreatidea.(2009安徽卷)
9.Thechildrenlovedtheirdaytrip,andtheyenjoyedthehouseride(much).(2009全國(guó)II)
10.Johnisvery(rely)—ifhepromisestodosomethinghe'lldoit.(2009浙江卷)
(Key:1.personal2.easier;efficient3.increasingly4.equally5.finally6.more7.accessible8.
Actually9.most10.reliable)
六、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài):I一、考點(diǎn)分析
i胃語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)在廣東高考中是每年必考點(diǎn),我們必須重視。雖然考試說(shuō)明中列了十種
時(shí)態(tài),但??嫉闹皇且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。請(qǐng)看近四年的高考英語(yǔ)廣東卷:
1,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(主動(dòng):do/does;波動(dòng):is/am/aredone)
(2008年廣東卷)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontraryto
ourintention.(results)
【解析】句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),result應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)
詞,應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮的是它的時(shí)態(tài);“急于求成,往往會(huì)事與愿違”是客觀真理,應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填results。
2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(主動(dòng):did;波動(dòng):was/weredone)
(2010年廣東卷)Aftera.fourdayjourney,theyoungman33(present)thewatertotheoldman.
(presented)
【解析】句中theyoungman是主語(yǔ),其后的present應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,山語(yǔ)境可知,用一般過(guò)去
時(shí)。
(2009年廣東卷)...peoplesteppedonyourfeetor34(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘
部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain,(pushed)
【解析】與stepped并列,也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
(2009年廣東卷)Hermotherwasexcited.t4Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,"Jane
40(inform)),(wasinformed)
【解析】Jane是主語(yǔ),其后的inform應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;因Jane與inform是波動(dòng)關(guān)系,又是一般
過(guò)去時(shí),故用?般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
3、固定句式中的時(shí)態(tài)。
(2007年廣東卷)1wasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31
(break)downneararemotevillage,(broke)
【解析】在when后面的句子中,mycar是主語(yǔ),break應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;由全文可知這是敘述過(guò)
去的經(jīng)歷,用一般過(guò)去時(shí);再說(shuō)was/weredoingwhendid是一個(gè)固定句型,when后
面的句子的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示“正在做某事,就在這個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生了另一事二
【總結(jié)】如果一個(gè)句子沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,但所填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系
時(shí),就是填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)就要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境考慮語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Iseveryonehere?
Notyet.Look,there(come)therestofourquests!(2010江蘇卷)
2.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho(wear)eveningdress.
(2010全國(guó)卷II)
3.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.(2010
上海卷)
4.Thechurchtowerwhich(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmost
finished.(2010上海卷)
5.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit(come)onthemarketin1973.
(2010重慶卷)
6.Whenyouarchome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou(arrive)safely.(2010全國(guó)卷I)
7.Uptonow,theprogram(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.
(2010山東卷)
8.Formanyyears,people(dream)ofelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmore
difficultthanpredicted.(2010浙江卷)
9.--Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?
—Notuntilwe(finish)ourplan.(2010四川卷)
10.I'mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.
一Butourfriends(wait)forus.(2010北京卷)
11.Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople(sell)allkindsoffruitsand
vegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.(2010湖南卷)
12.一Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?
--No,I(read)thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.(2010安徽卷)
13.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey(do)forme.(20104匕
京卷)
14.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone(do)it.Wasityou?(2010湖南卷)
15.I'mtiredout.I(shop)allafternoonandIdon'tseemtohavefinishedanything.(2010湖
南卷)
16.1havetoseethedoctorbecauseI(cough)alotlately.
17.Thiscoastalarea(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(2010湖南卷)
18.Linda,makesurethetables(set)beforetheguestarrive.(2010全國(guó)卷)
19.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimeinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding
(remain)now.(2010重慶卷)
20.You'vefailedtodowellwhatyou(expect)toandI'mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.
(2010四川卷)
(Key:1.come2.wears3.have4.isbeingrestored5.came6.havearrived7.hassaved8.have
dreamed9.havefinished10.arewaiting11.wereselling12.hadread13.haddone14.haddone15.
havebeenshopping16.havebeencoughing17.wasnamed18.areset19.remains20.were
expected.)
七、動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ):一、考點(diǎn)分析
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)法填空中,每年必考、且每年?個(gè)小題,但四年來(lái),只涉及到非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的
兩種用法。
1、作狀語(yǔ)。
(2010年廣東卷)Hespititout,34(say)itwasawful,(saying)
【解析】因句中已有謂語(yǔ)spit,此處又沒(méi)有連詞,say不是并列謂語(yǔ),而是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;又因he
與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
(2009年廣東卷)Shewishedthathewasaseasy32(please)ashermother,whowasalways
delightedwithperfume,(toplease)
【解析】句中已有謂語(yǔ)waseasy,please應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;應(yīng)在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ),只能用動(dòng)詞不
定式,故填topleaseo
(2008年廣東卷)Forexample,theproverb,"pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedon
thefollowingstory,(tohelp)
【解析】作目的狀語(yǔ),用動(dòng)詞不定式。
2、作賓補(bǔ)。
(2007年廣東卷)Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittle
house.Whileshewasgettingme=34(settle)intoatii^butcleanroom(settled)
【解析】由settlesbinto/in/on(使某人舒服地處于某處)可知,me與settle是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,
要用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。又如:Anursesettledtheoldmanintoachair.護(hù)士讓那位老人舒舒服服地
坐在椅子上。
雖然只考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)和作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),但在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)、主意和
賓語(yǔ)也不可忽視。
【總結(jié)】如果一個(gè)句子已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且不是并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),所給動(dòng)詞要用非謂語(yǔ)形式,這
時(shí)要根據(jù)句子所缺句子成分和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各自的用法特點(diǎn),選擇動(dòng)詞-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞
(done)或不定式(todo)。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting(discover).(2010江西卷)
2.Wewereastonished(find)thetemplestillinitsoriqina]condition.(2010遼寧卷)
3.WithFather'sDayaroundthecoiner、Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank(buy)
presentsformydad.(2010全國(guó)卷I)
4.Hisfirstbook(punish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陜西卷)
5.1havealotofreadings(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山東卷)
6.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone(repair)firstisthelibrary.(2010
重慶卷)
7.(approach)thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight(2010上海卷)
8.Inmanypeople'sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant(deal)with.
(2010四川卷)
9.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.
(2010上海卷)
10.Ihadgreatdifficulty(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.(2010上海卷)
11.I'mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition(advertise)inyesterday'sChinaDaily.(2010
北京卷)
12.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney(discover)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)
13.Alexandertriedtogethiswork(recognize)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)
14.Mrs.Whileshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps(borrow)fromthelibrary.(2010全國(guó)卷I)
15.Though(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.(2010全國(guó)卷H)
16.(see)fromth?topofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.(2010陜西卷)
17.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready(lay)foramealtobe
cooked.(2010山東卷)
18.TheexperimentshowsthatDiweramountsofexercise,if(carry)outregularly,can
inwrovcourhealth.(2010浙江卷)
19.Agreatnumberofstudents(question)saidtheywereforcedtopracticethepiano.
(2010四川卷)
20.Lucyhasacreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagues(amuse)withher
stories.(2010上海卷)
21.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,(travel)withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.
(2010安徽卷)
22.(look)atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.(20104匕京卷)
23.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone(call)forhelp?(2010湖南卷)
24.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(2010天津卷)
25.Thetrafficrulessaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand(weigh)lessthan40
poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.(2010浙江卷)
(Key:l.tobediscovered2.tofind3.tobuy4.tobepunished5.tocomplete6.toberepaired7.
Approaching8.todeal9.toreduce10.(in)finding11.advertised12.discovered13.recognized14.
borrowed15.surprised16.Sing22.Looking
23.calling24.causing25.weighing)
八、并列句與主從復(fù)合句(連接詞):I一、考點(diǎn)分析
主句與各類從句之間的連接詞是每年必考,其中考得最多的事引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞
(where)和關(guān)系代詞(who),其次是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞(that)和連接代詞(who)。連接并
列分句的并列連詞只考查了一個(gè)小題。具體的考點(diǎn)與考題如下:
1、并列句。
(2008年廣東卷)He(主語(yǔ))was(謂語(yǔ))veryliredafterdoingthisfbrawholeday,37he(.主
語(yǔ))felt(謂語(yǔ))veryhappysincethecropdid"grow"higher,(but/yet)
7解析】因veryhappy與前面的verytired是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,而這兩旬之回星逗號(hào)且沒(méi)有連詞,故填
連詞but/yeto
2、狀語(yǔ)從句。
(2010年廣東卷)We(主語(yǔ))understand(謂語(yǔ))thislessonbest40we(主語(yǔ))received(謂
irV)giftsoflovefromchildren,(when)
【解析】引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。
3、定語(yǔ)從句。
(2010年廣東卷)He(主語(yǔ))filled(謂語(yǔ))hisleathercontainersothathe(主語(yǔ))couldbring
(謂語(yǔ))somebacktoanelder32(主語(yǔ))hadbeen(謂語(yǔ))histeacher.(who)
【解析】引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ),先行詞是表示人的anelder,故填who。
(2009年廣東卷)Jane(生語(yǔ))paused(謂語(yǔ))infrontofacounter35someattractiveties
(主語(yǔ))were(謂語(yǔ))ondisplay,(where)
【解析】因兩句之間沒(méi)有連詞,必定是填連詞;后句是定語(yǔ)從句,要填的詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀
語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞whereo
(2007年廣東卷)...theheadofthevillage(主語(yǔ))wastying(謂語(yǔ))uphishorsetomycartopull
ittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway36therewas(inin)agarage,(where)
【解析】先行詞是asmalltown,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),用where(==inwhich)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
注意:先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句被some20lilometersaway隔開(kāi)了。
4、名詞性從句。
(2008年廣東卷)Oneday,he(主語(yǔ))cameupwith(謂語(yǔ))anidea35he(主:語(yǔ))wouldpluck
UD(謂語(yǔ))allofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.(that)
【解析】引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,說(shuō)明idea的具體內(nèi)容;從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整,用that引導(dǎo)。
(2007@三廣東卷)...whenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguing
asto32shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse,(who)
【解析】在介詞to后應(yīng)是賓語(yǔ),不難判斷作賓語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中
作[:語(yǔ);又因?yàn)椤坝行医哟摇睉?yīng)是人,故填who。
【總結(jié)】(1)連接兩個(gè)功能對(duì)等的單詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)填并列連詞and,or,but等。
(2)若兩個(gè)句子(有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間,沒(méi)有句號(hào)或分號(hào),也沒(méi)有連詞,空格處必定是填
連接詞,否則,句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系,或者根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)的需
要,確定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,whi電when,or等)還是某種主從復(fù)合句。然后根
據(jù)各類從句的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合連接詞的意義和用法,確定填具體的某個(gè)連詞。
二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)詞空。
1.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京卷)
2.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdeveloped
gradually.(2010福建卷)
3.I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglish
speechcontestlastyear.(2010湖南卷)
4.Thenewlybuiltcafe,thewallsofarepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,
speciallyafterhardwork.(2010江蘇卷)
5.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersistershewouldstay
foranhour.(2010江西卷)
6.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010全國(guó)卷I)
7.1refusetoaccepttheblanieforsomethingwassomeoneelse'sfault.(2010全國(guó)卷II)
8.That'sthenewmachinepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山東卷)
9.ThesettlcrncntisJipinctonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesfora
betterlifeinthecity.(2010浙江卷)
10.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,tumedouttobea
wisedecision.(2010四川卷)
11.1wanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.(2010北京卷)
12.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasitwas
rathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.(2010北京卷)
13.somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(2010北京卷)
14.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknewshewasso
angry.(2010湖南卷)
15.―IpreferredshuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.
―That'sIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveainorcactivelife.(12010江蘇卷)
16.一Haveyoufinishedthebook?
—No,Tvereaduptothechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.(2010全國(guó)卷II)
17.Itneveroccuncdtomeyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.(2010
陜西卷)
18.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistofmykidswillneedforihecomingseason.(2010山
東卷)
19.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslatelyonhegoeswith,whetherhis
friendsorrelatives.(2010四川卷)
20.theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.
(2010北京卷)
21.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedout
togreether.(2010福建卷)
22.The
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