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2015高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)分析與真題演練

|一、冠詞:|?、考點(diǎn)分析

冠詞在廣東四年新高考中考了三年,可見(jiàn)冠詞是一個(gè)??键c(diǎn)。主要考點(diǎn)有:

1、定冠詞the表示特指。

(2010年廣東卷)Ayoungman,whiletravellingthroughadesert,cameacross、springofclearwater.

31waterwassweet.(the)

【解析】特指前面提到的clearwater。

【總結(jié)】1、+名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)、可數(shù)或不可數(shù))(表特指)

2、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+of等介詞短語(yǔ)(表特指)

3、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+定語(yǔ)從句(表特指)

4、+(定語(yǔ))+名詞+不定式短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ)(表特指)

2、不定冠詞a/an泛指“一個(gè)(次,本,座,...)

(2009年廣"東卷)Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot33pleasantexperience:people

steppedonyourfeetorpushedyouwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabaigain.(a)

【解析】意思是“一次”愉快的經(jīng)歷。表示“一次”,用不定冠詞,又因pleasant以輔音開(kāi)頭,故

填a。

(2007年廣東卷)...theheadofthevilla-cwastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35

smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage,(a)

【解析】意思是將車(chē)?yán)诫x那里大約有20公里遠(yuǎn)的“一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)”。表示“一個(gè)”,用不定冠詞。

【總結(jié)】1、+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(表泛指)

2、+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(表泛指)

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

1.Firstimpressionarethemostlastiiig.Afterall,younevergetsecondchancetomake

firstimpression.(2010北京卷)

2.It'sgoodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgiventhempleasure.

(2010福建卷)

3.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefiomallwalksofli色areworking

hardfornewJiangsu.(2010江蘇卷)

4.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsinspace,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownontoearth.

(2010遼寧卷)

5.Ifwesitnearfrontofthebus,we911havebetterview.(2010山東卷)

6.Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.(2010重慶卷)

7.Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyouflyingstartinlife.(2010四川卷)

8.Ittookusqiiitealongtimetogettotheamusementpaik.Itwasthree-hourjourney.(2010

上海卷)[Itwaseight-hourjourney.]

9.Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.(2009安徽卷)

10.ThisareaexperiencedheaviestrainfallinmonthofMay.(2009遼寧卷)

(Key:1.a;the2.a3.a4.the5.the;a6.a7.a8.a9.a;a10.the;the)

二、It的用法與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)一、考點(diǎn)分析

在最近三年的高考中,每年都考查了it的用法??键c(diǎn)為:

1、替代前文已提到的內(nèi)容。

(2010年廣東卷)Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleather.Heaskedhisteacher,

“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike38?”(it)

[解析]指前面提到的“水(thewater)

(2008年廣東卷)hissaidthatashort-temDeredmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasvery

anxioustohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthe

cropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected,(it)

[解析]代替前文中的(how)tohelphiscropgrowupquickly。

2、作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。

(2009年廣東卷)JanewaswalkingroundthedeDartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult

wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather,(it)

[解析?]在賓語(yǔ)從句中作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是tochoose……o

此外,談到it的用法,我們自然會(huì)想到含it的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),盡管在這四年廣東高考中尚未考查到,

但我們不可忽視,這是一個(gè)重要的潛在考點(diǎn)。

【總結(jié)】(1)根據(jù)本句句意和空格前一句的內(nèi)容及其兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系,判斷空格處是不是需

要填代替前文某個(gè)內(nèi)容的代詞it..

(2)根據(jù)句式判斷是不是填作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的it。如:1)itisadj/n+todo/doing/

that(eg:1)ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.2)我們學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。Itisimportantfor

ustolearnEnglishwell./ItisimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Itisourdutytohelp

others4)Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.5)[2009年廣東】

2)find/feel/think/considerit+adj/n+todo/doing/that(eg:1)Wefinditimportant

tolearnEnglishwell.2)WefinditimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Wefinditourduty

tohelpothers4)Wefinditnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.)

3)Itis/wassaid/reported/believedthat

(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容+that+句子其他成分。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Ihe.魚(yú)豆祖shewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.(2010遼寧卷)

2.Thedoctorthoughtwouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.(2010全國(guó)卷)

3.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneytobuy.

(2009四川卷)

4.Itisoften(say)thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.(2009全國(guó)II)

5.Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillagethehostesscookedsuch

anicedinner.(2010安徽卷)

6.John'ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkhasmadehim

whatheistoday.(2010湖南卷)

7.wasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearthathemetthegirlhewouldliketo

marry.(2009江西卷)

8.I'vereadanotherbookthisweek.

--Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.(2009浙江卷)

(Key:1.it2.it3.it4.said5.that6.that7.It8.it)

三、代詞:|一、考點(diǎn)分析

代詞在廣東四年新高考中,年年都考,四年考了五個(gè)小題,可見(jiàn)這是必考點(diǎn),我們復(fù)習(xí)備

考時(shí)必須給予重視。近四年來(lái)的考點(diǎn)有:

1、不定代詞。

(2010年廣東卷)Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet36studenttastethewater.(another)

【解析】在給老師送水的這個(gè)學(xué)生離開(kāi)后,應(yīng)是給他的“另?個(gè)”學(xué)生嘗一嘗,泛指若干個(gè)中的“另

一個(gè)“,用another0

(2007年廣東卷)Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostess'scourtyardandthatnightone

ofthemended.upinadishonmytable.37villagersbroughtmegoafscheeseandhoney.

(Others/Some)

【解析】拿goat'scheeseandhoney來(lái)給我的應(yīng)是“其他的”村民或者“有一些”村民。

2、人稱代詞。

(2009廣東卷)Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,

sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease38.(him)

【解析】她給父親買(mǎi)禮物,根據(jù)常識(shí)其目的應(yīng)是“使她的父親高興(pleaseherfather)”,替代her

father,在句中作賓語(yǔ),用人稱代詞的賓格,故填him。

(2007年廣東卷)Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwanted

torewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused40.(her)

【解析】因(that)Ihadcaused是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是trouble,代表先行詞trouble的關(guān)系

代詞that在從句中作賓語(yǔ),被省略了;由搭配causesb.trouble(給某人造成麻煩)可知,填her,

指代theoldwomano

3、物主代詞。

(2008年廣東卷)[tjssaidthatashort-tempered.manintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasvery

anxioustohelp40ricecropgrowupquickly,(his)

【解析】由文中的hiscrop,thecrop等可知,名詞crop前填限定詞;這個(gè)急性子人當(dāng)然是急于

使“他的“禾苗長(zhǎng)得快,故填his。

此外,反身代詞,替代詞that、one,表示兩者或多者的代詞all、both、either>neither,復(fù)

合不定代詞something、nothing等在廣東高考中雖然還沒(méi)有考查到,但我們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)高考中仍需

重視。

【總結(jié)】因句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主要由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式等充當(dāng),而名詞、動(dòng)名詞或

不定式等實(shí)詞通常會(huì)放在有提示詞的空格中考查,所以純空格所填詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),

通常填代詞,包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、反身代詞(不

能作主語(yǔ))等。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)就只能用形容詞性物主代詞。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

1.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi'anishigherthatinanyotherareaofthecity.

(2010陜西卷)

2.Youareateamstar!Workingwithisreallyyourcupoftea.(2010安徽卷)

3.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesayforme?(2010福建卷)

4.Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Thereislikeswimmingasameansofkcepingft.(2010江

西卷)

5.Tilspendhalfofmyholiday'practicingEnglishandthehalflearningdrawing.(2010全國(guó)卷)

6.Neithersideispreparedtotalktotheunlesswecansmooththingoverbetweenthem.

(2010全國(guó)卷II)

7.Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(2010LL|東卷)

8.inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.(2010天津卷)

9.that'simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.(2010浙

江卷)

10.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundofthemagain.(2010重

慶卷)

11.OnmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookofwhenIwasababy.(2010四川卷)

12.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon.(2010上海卷)

13.???Wow!You'vegotsomanyclothes.

一Butofthemareinfashionnow.(2009上海卷)

14.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas__ofpublichealth.(2009全國(guó)II)

15.1feltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn'tfacedaylikethat.

(2009山東卷)

16.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswerofthem.(2009陜西卷)

(Key:1.that2.others3.something4.nothing5.other6.other7.one8.Nothing9.All10.either11.

me12.ourselves13.none14.that15.another16.any)

四、介詞:|一、考點(diǎn)分析

在廣東四年新高考中,共考了7個(gè)小題,是一個(gè)必考點(diǎn),且在語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目中所占比例最重。主

要考點(diǎn)有:

1、常用的簡(jiǎn)單介詞。

(2010年廣東卷)Theyoungmanwenthomeahappyheart,(with)

【解析】表示“帶著”愉快的心情,此介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ)wenthome.

(2008年廣東卷)ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople'sdaily

life.theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.(Behind/In)

【解析】指”在這些成語(yǔ)的背后”或“在這些成語(yǔ)里”常常會(huì)有一些有趣的故事,表示“在……的背

后”,用介詞behind;表示“在……里”,用in。

(2008年廣東卷)Hewasverytireddoingthisfbrawholeday,(after/from)

【解析】因"他感到很累”應(yīng)是“在他做了一整天事之后,”表示“在……之后”,用介詞after;另

外betiredfromdoing是固定短語(yǔ),表示“因做某事而累”,所以也可填from。

(2007年廣東卷)Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowho

shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeaguestintheirhouse.(as)

【解析】意思是“把我當(dāng)作客人”來(lái)接待,表示“當(dāng)作,作為“,用介詞as。

2、固定短語(yǔ)或句式搭配中的介詞。

(2009年廣東卷)Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegood

qualitypipes37sale.(on)

【解析】固定搭配onsale,表示“出售

(2009年廣東卷)WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutweH-chQSFnpresentinherbag,her

parentswerealready39tablehavingsupper.(at)

【解析】名詞(table)在句中不作主語(yǔ),也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),很可能就是作介詞的賓語(yǔ);山having

supper可知,填at;因?yàn)閍ttable表示“在餐桌邊,在進(jìn)餐“,也是習(xí)慣搭配。

(2007年廣東卷)Whenthetimecamefbrmetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwanted

torewardtheoldwoman39thetroubleIhadcausedher.(fbr)

【解析】表示“因...而酬謝/報(bào)答某人''是rewardsbfbrsht,類似的表達(dá)還有thanksbforsth;

praisesbforsth:因...表?yè)P(yáng)某人;punishsbforsth:因懲罰某人等

【總結(jié)】當(dāng)“+(限定詞)+名詞”或“+代詞”在句中不充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),該空

格通常應(yīng)填介詞。此外,填介詞時(shí),除了考慮與其后名詞的搭配外,也要考慮與前面的動(dòng)詞、

形容詞的搭配。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

1.Wouldyoumindnotpickingtheflowersinthegarden?Theyareeveryone?senjoyment.

(2010北京卷)

2.Wegivedogstime,spaceandlovewecanspare,andreturn,dogsgiveustheirall.(2010江

西卷)

3.1tohissuggestiontheconditionthathedropsallcharges.

4.MyfatherwarnedmegoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowedwithtourists.(2010天

津卷)

5.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneyme.(2010重慶卷)

6.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisbackabigtree.(2010四川卷)

7.Seanhasformedthehabitofjoggingthetree-linedavenuefbrtwohourseverydays.(2010

上海卷)

8.■一Howamazingitisthatastronautsareexploringouterspace!

…It'sachallenge,Iguess,managainstnature.(2009福建卷)

9.Theartshowwasfarbeingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.(2009天津卷)

10.MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblemsthemselves,andsolvetheir

problemsthemselves.(2009湖南卷)

11.Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothers?interestshisown.(2009四川卷)

12.Everybodywastouchedwordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(2009全國(guó)卷)

13.Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,littleforeignownership.

(2009北京卷)

14.Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealoteasyreach.(2009山東卷)

15.HeinvitedmetoadanceaftertheshowChristmasEve.(2009映西卷)

16.Try_onthisredskirt;youwilllookgreatit.(2009重慶卷)

17.Childrenneedfriendstheirownagetoplaywith.(2009遼寧卷)

(Key:I.for2.in3.on4.against5.with6.against7.along8.of9.from10.to;by11.above12.

beyond13.with14.within15.on16.in17.of)

五、形容詞與副畫(huà)[一、考點(diǎn)分析

在廣東新高考中,有三年考查了形容詞和副詞的用法,是一個(gè)??键c(diǎn)。主要考查了:

1、形容詞的句法作用。形容詞在句中主要作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

(2008年廣東卷)Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir39(nature)course.

(natural)

【解析】在名詞course前作定語(yǔ),用形容詞。

2、副詞的句法作用。副詞在句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一副詞,作狀語(yǔ)。

(2010年廣東卷)Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled34(warm),andthankedhisstudentvery

muchforthesweetwater,(wannly)

【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞smiled,作狀語(yǔ),用副詞形式。

(2007年廣東卷)Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight,(merrily)

【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞talked作狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用副詞merrily0

3、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)。

(2010年廣東卷)Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimply

thecontainerfbranactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe39(sweet).^^(sweeter)

【解析】意思是“什么也不會(huì)比這更甜”即“這是世界上最甜的東西工

(2008年廣東卷)Hewasverytired37afterdoingthisforawholeday,yethefeltveryhappysince

thecropdid"grow"38(high).(higher)

【解析】指比他pickupafewinches之前“長(zhǎng)”得“更高”了,這是省略了thanbefore的隱性比較級(jí)。

【解題技巧]:一般說(shuō)來(lái),有表示范圍的in/of介詞短語(yǔ),一般要用最高級(jí);than的前面一定要

用比較級(jí),但在特定語(yǔ)境中,"than+比較對(duì)象”和在最后級(jí)中表示比較范圍的of/in短語(yǔ)常常

被省略,此時(shí)我們要注意辨別這種隱性的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurely(person)viewofhowwecanlivelifetothe

fullandmakesomesuggestionsaboutthefuture.(2010湖北卷)

2.Computersandmobilephones,thoughtheyareindeedmakingourlife(ease)andmore

—(efficiency),havereducedtheneedforface-to-faceconversations.(2010江西卷)

3.???Volunteeringisbecoming(increase)popularinChina.

-Yeah,peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.(2010福建卷)

4.Theislandis(equal)attractiveinspringandautumnbecauseoftheDleasantweatherin

bothseasons.

5.Doyouthinkshoppinginlinewill(final)taketheplaceofshoppinginstores?(2010浙江

卷)

6.MrBlackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeenpopular.

7.Frankputthemedicineinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe(access)tthekids.

(2009江西卷)

8.Doyouthinkifsagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?

―(actual),Ido.Ithinkit'sagreatidea.(2009安徽卷)

9.Thechildrenlovedtheirdaytrip,andtheyenjoyedthehouseride(much).(2009全國(guó)II)

10.Johnisvery(rely)—ifhepromisestodosomethinghe'lldoit.(2009浙江卷)

(Key:1.personal2.easier;efficient3.increasingly4.equally5.finally6.more7.accessible8.

Actually9.most10.reliable)

六、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài):I一、考點(diǎn)分析

i胃語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)在廣東高考中是每年必考點(diǎn),我們必須重視。雖然考試說(shuō)明中列了十種

時(shí)態(tài),但??嫉闹皇且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。請(qǐng)看近四年的高考英語(yǔ)廣東卷:

1,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(主動(dòng):do/does;波動(dòng):is/am/aredone)

(2008年廣東卷)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontraryto

ourintention.(results)

【解析】句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),result應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

詞,應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮的是它的時(shí)態(tài);“急于求成,往往會(huì)事與愿違”是客觀真理,應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);

動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填results。

2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(主動(dòng):did;波動(dòng):was/weredone)

(2010年廣東卷)Aftera.fourdayjourney,theyoungman33(present)thewatertotheoldman.

(presented)

【解析】句中theyoungman是主語(yǔ),其后的present應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,山語(yǔ)境可知,用一般過(guò)去

時(shí)。

(2009年廣東卷)...peoplesteppedonyourfeetor34(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘

部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain,(pushed)

【解析】與stepped并列,也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

(2009年廣東卷)Hermotherwasexcited.t4Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,"Jane

40(inform)),(wasinformed)

【解析】Jane是主語(yǔ),其后的inform應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;因Jane與inform是波動(dòng)關(guān)系,又是一般

過(guò)去時(shí),故用?般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

3、固定句式中的時(shí)態(tài)。

(2007年廣東卷)1wasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31

(break)downneararemotevillage,(broke)

【解析】在when后面的句子中,mycar是主語(yǔ),break應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;由全文可知這是敘述過(guò)

去的經(jīng)歷,用一般過(guò)去時(shí);再說(shuō)was/weredoingwhendid是一個(gè)固定句型,when后

面的句子的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示“正在做某事,就在這個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生了另一事二

【總結(jié)】如果一個(gè)句子沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,但所填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系

時(shí),就是填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)就要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境考慮語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Iseveryonehere?

Notyet.Look,there(come)therestofourquests!(2010江蘇卷)

2.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho(wear)eveningdress.

(2010全國(guó)卷II)

3.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.(2010

上海卷)

4.Thechurchtowerwhich(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmost

finished.(2010上海卷)

5.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit(come)onthemarketin1973.

(2010重慶卷)

6.Whenyouarchome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou(arrive)safely.(2010全國(guó)卷I)

7.Uptonow,theprogram(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.

(2010山東卷)

8.Formanyyears,people(dream)ofelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmore

difficultthanpredicted.(2010浙江卷)

9.--Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?

—Notuntilwe(finish)ourplan.(2010四川卷)

10.I'mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.

一Butourfriends(wait)forus.(2010北京卷)

11.Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople(sell)allkindsoffruitsand

vegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.(2010湖南卷)

12.一Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?

--No,I(read)thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.(2010安徽卷)

13.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey(do)forme.(20104匕

京卷)

14.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone(do)it.Wasityou?(2010湖南卷)

15.I'mtiredout.I(shop)allafternoonandIdon'tseemtohavefinishedanything.(2010湖

南卷)

16.1havetoseethedoctorbecauseI(cough)alotlately.

17.Thiscoastalarea(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(2010湖南卷)

18.Linda,makesurethetables(set)beforetheguestarrive.(2010全國(guó)卷)

19.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimeinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding

(remain)now.(2010重慶卷)

20.You'vefailedtodowellwhatyou(expect)toandI'mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.

(2010四川卷)

(Key:1.come2.wears3.have4.isbeingrestored5.came6.havearrived7.hassaved8.have

dreamed9.havefinished10.arewaiting11.wereselling12.hadread13.haddone14.haddone15.

havebeenshopping16.havebeencoughing17.wasnamed18.areset19.remains20.were

expected.)

七、動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ):一、考點(diǎn)分析

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)法填空中,每年必考、且每年?個(gè)小題,但四年來(lái),只涉及到非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的

兩種用法。

1、作狀語(yǔ)。

(2010年廣東卷)Hespititout,34(say)itwasawful,(saying)

【解析】因句中已有謂語(yǔ)spit,此處又沒(méi)有連詞,say不是并列謂語(yǔ),而是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;又因he

與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

(2009年廣東卷)Shewishedthathewasaseasy32(please)ashermother,whowasalways

delightedwithperfume,(toplease)

【解析】句中已有謂語(yǔ)waseasy,please應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;應(yīng)在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ),只能用動(dòng)詞不

定式,故填topleaseo

(2008年廣東卷)Forexample,theproverb,"pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedon

thefollowingstory,(tohelp)

【解析】作目的狀語(yǔ),用動(dòng)詞不定式。

2、作賓補(bǔ)。

(2007年廣東卷)Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittle

house.Whileshewasgettingme=34(settle)intoatii^butcleanroom(settled)

【解析】由settlesbinto/in/on(使某人舒服地處于某處)可知,me與settle是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,

要用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。又如:Anursesettledtheoldmanintoachair.護(hù)士讓那位老人舒舒服服地

坐在椅子上。

雖然只考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)和作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),但在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)、主意和

賓語(yǔ)也不可忽視。

【總結(jié)】如果一個(gè)句子已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且不是并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),所給動(dòng)詞要用非謂語(yǔ)形式,這

時(shí)要根據(jù)句子所缺句子成分和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各自的用法特點(diǎn),選擇動(dòng)詞-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞

(done)或不定式(todo)。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting(discover).(2010江西卷)

2.Wewereastonished(find)thetemplestillinitsoriqina]condition.(2010遼寧卷)

3.WithFather'sDayaroundthecoiner、Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank(buy)

presentsformydad.(2010全國(guó)卷I)

4.Hisfirstbook(punish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陜西卷)

5.1havealotofreadings(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山東卷)

6.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone(repair)firstisthelibrary.(2010

重慶卷)

7.(approach)thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight(2010上海卷)

8.Inmanypeople'sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant(deal)with.

(2010四川卷)

9.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.

(2010上海卷)

10.Ihadgreatdifficulty(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.(2010上海卷)

11.I'mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition(advertise)inyesterday'sChinaDaily.(2010

北京卷)

12.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney(discover)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)

13.Alexandertriedtogethiswork(recognize)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)

14.Mrs.Whileshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps(borrow)fromthelibrary.(2010全國(guó)卷I)

15.Though(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.(2010全國(guó)卷H)

16.(see)fromth?topofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.(2010陜西卷)

17.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready(lay)foramealtobe

cooked.(2010山東卷)

18.TheexperimentshowsthatDiweramountsofexercise,if(carry)outregularly,can

inwrovcourhealth.(2010浙江卷)

19.Agreatnumberofstudents(question)saidtheywereforcedtopracticethepiano.

(2010四川卷)

20.Lucyhasacreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagues(amuse)withher

stories.(2010上海卷)

21.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,(travel)withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.

(2010安徽卷)

22.(look)atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.(20104匕京卷)

23.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone(call)forhelp?(2010湖南卷)

24.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(2010天津卷)

25.Thetrafficrulessaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand(weigh)lessthan40

poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.(2010浙江卷)

(Key:l.tobediscovered2.tofind3.tobuy4.tobepunished5.tocomplete6.toberepaired7.

Approaching8.todeal9.toreduce10.(in)finding11.advertised12.discovered13.recognized14.

borrowed15.surprised16.Sing22.Looking

23.calling24.causing25.weighing)

八、并列句與主從復(fù)合句(連接詞):I一、考點(diǎn)分析

主句與各類從句之間的連接詞是每年必考,其中考得最多的事引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞

(where)和關(guān)系代詞(who),其次是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞(that)和連接代詞(who)。連接并

列分句的并列連詞只考查了一個(gè)小題。具體的考點(diǎn)與考題如下:

1、并列句。

(2008年廣東卷)He(主語(yǔ))was(謂語(yǔ))veryliredafterdoingthisfbrawholeday,37he(.主

語(yǔ))felt(謂語(yǔ))veryhappysincethecropdid"grow"higher,(but/yet)

7解析】因veryhappy與前面的verytired是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,而這兩旬之回星逗號(hào)且沒(méi)有連詞,故填

連詞but/yeto

2、狀語(yǔ)從句。

(2010年廣東卷)We(主語(yǔ))understand(謂語(yǔ))thislessonbest40we(主語(yǔ))received(謂

irV)giftsoflovefromchildren,(when)

【解析】引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

3、定語(yǔ)從句。

(2010年廣東卷)He(主語(yǔ))filled(謂語(yǔ))hisleathercontainersothathe(主語(yǔ))couldbring

(謂語(yǔ))somebacktoanelder32(主語(yǔ))hadbeen(謂語(yǔ))histeacher.(who)

【解析】引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ),先行詞是表示人的anelder,故填who。

(2009年廣東卷)Jane(生語(yǔ))paused(謂語(yǔ))infrontofacounter35someattractiveties

(主語(yǔ))were(謂語(yǔ))ondisplay,(where)

【解析】因兩句之間沒(méi)有連詞,必定是填連詞;后句是定語(yǔ)從句,要填的詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀

語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞whereo

(2007年廣東卷)...theheadofthevillage(主語(yǔ))wastying(謂語(yǔ))uphishorsetomycartopull

ittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway36therewas(inin)agarage,(where)

【解析】先行詞是asmalltown,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),用where(==inwhich)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

注意:先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句被some20lilometersaway隔開(kāi)了。

4、名詞性從句。

(2008年廣東卷)Oneday,he(主語(yǔ))cameupwith(謂語(yǔ))anidea35he(主:語(yǔ))wouldpluck

UD(謂語(yǔ))allofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.(that)

【解析】引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,說(shuō)明idea的具體內(nèi)容;從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整,用that引導(dǎo)。

(2007@三廣東卷)...whenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguing

asto32shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse,(who)

【解析】在介詞to后應(yīng)是賓語(yǔ),不難判斷作賓語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中

作[:語(yǔ);又因?yàn)椤坝行医哟摇睉?yīng)是人,故填who。

【總結(jié)】(1)連接兩個(gè)功能對(duì)等的單詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)填并列連詞and,or,but等。

(2)若兩個(gè)句子(有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間,沒(méi)有句號(hào)或分號(hào),也沒(méi)有連詞,空格處必定是填

連接詞,否則,句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系,或者根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)的需

要,確定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,whi電when,or等)還是某種主從復(fù)合句。然后根

據(jù)各類從句的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合連接詞的意義和用法,確定填具體的某個(gè)連詞。

二、真題演練:請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)詞空。

1.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京卷)

2.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdeveloped

gradually.(2010福建卷)

3.I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglish

speechcontestlastyear.(2010湖南卷)

4.Thenewlybuiltcafe,thewallsofarepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,

speciallyafterhardwork.(2010江蘇卷)

5.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersistershewouldstay

foranhour.(2010江西卷)

6.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010全國(guó)卷I)

7.1refusetoaccepttheblanieforsomethingwassomeoneelse'sfault.(2010全國(guó)卷II)

8.That'sthenewmachinepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山東卷)

9.ThesettlcrncntisJipinctonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesfora

betterlifeinthecity.(2010浙江卷)

10.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,tumedouttobea

wisedecision.(2010四川卷)

11.1wanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.(2010北京卷)

12.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasitwas

rathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.(2010北京卷)

13.somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(2010北京卷)

14.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknewshewasso

angry.(2010湖南卷)

15.―IpreferredshuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.

―That'sIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveainorcactivelife.(12010江蘇卷)

16.一Haveyoufinishedthebook?

—No,Tvereaduptothechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.(2010全國(guó)卷II)

17.Itneveroccuncdtomeyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.(2010

陜西卷)

18.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistofmykidswillneedforihecomingseason.(2010山

東卷)

19.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslatelyonhegoeswith,whetherhis

friendsorrelatives.(2010四川卷)

20.theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.

(2010北京卷)

21.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedout

togreether.(2010福建卷)

22.The

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