完整音標(biāo)教學(xué)課件

WelcometoourclassIPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet

音標(biāo)2021/5/91InternationalPhoneticsymbols（國(guó)際音標(biāo)）2021/5/92Whatarephoneticsymbols?thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage?語(yǔ)音最小單位是音素。語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)音都是由四十八個(gè)不同的音素相互組合而成的。2021/5/93?音標(biāo)英語(yǔ)共有48個(gè)音素，其中元音音素20個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。英語(yǔ)輔音和元音在語(yǔ)言中的作用相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)中的生母和韻母。記錄英語(yǔ)音素的符號(hào)叫做音標(biāo)。音標(biāo)放在兩條斜線（//），以免和字母混淆。2021/5/94Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonantsPurevowelsdiphthongsVoiceless

C.Voiced

C.[i:][i][e][?][?:][?][?][α:][?:][?][u:][u][ei][?u][ai][au][?i][i?][??][u?][p][t][k][f][s][?][?][?][tr][?][h][b][d][g][v][z][e][?][d?][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][?][w][j]2021/5/95國(guó)際音標(biāo)

｛元音分類(lèi)：英語(yǔ)中共有48個(gè)音標(biāo)，元音20個(gè)，輔音28個(gè)。單元音雙元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/I/,/e/,/?//?:/,/?/,/?//u:/,/?/,/?:/,/?/,/ɑ://eI/,/aI/,/?I/,/I?/,/e?/,/??/,/a?/,/??/,

輔音爆破音磨檫音

鼻音半元音舌邊音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/θ/,/e/,

/?/,

/?/,

/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/?//l//w/,/j//tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/t?/,/?/,破擦音2021/5/96元音2021/5/97單元音/i:/

舌尖抵下齒，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向兩邊張開(kāi)，流露出微笑的表情，適當(dāng)拉長(zhǎng)發(fā)音。與字母E發(fā)音相同。注意:“:”是長(zhǎng)音符號(hào),長(zhǎng)元音往往比它相應(yīng)的短元音長(zhǎng)兩倍以上。發(fā)音組合:

e

ee

ea

ie

ei2021/5/98/i:/例詞：

he他

even甚至sea大海

Tree樹(shù)

feel感覺(jué)

deep深的Tea茶

seat座位

reason原因

Believe

achieve

receive接受.2021/5/99

單元音//

---/i/

舌尖抵下齒，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，發(fā)音比/i:/短。發(fā)音組合:

i2021/5/910

/i/---/i/例詞：

big大的ship輪船

hill山脈chicks雛雞2021/5/911元音/e/嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍抬起。發(fā)音組合:

e

ea

a2021/5/912/e/例詞：

pen鋼筆bed床leg胳膊wellBread

heaven

marry

any

man2021/5/913單元音/?/舌尖抵下齒，嘴角盡量拉向兩邊，成扁平形。是所有音標(biāo)里面嘴巴咧的最寬的一個(gè)，同時(shí)嘴巴也要張大，上下齒之間可容納食指和中指。發(fā)音組合:

a2021/5/914/?/例詞：

am

applethathand2021/5/915前元音發(fā)音規(guī)律

/i:/→/i/→/e/→/?/舌尖抵下齒舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床張開(kāi)的程度逐漸加大2021/5/916單元音/?:/-

/?:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齒，雙唇扁平，發(fā)音較長(zhǎng)。發(fā)音組合：or

ir

er

ur

ear2021/5/917/?:/--/?:/

例詞：girlbirdworkwormterm

burn

surf

pearl

learn2021/5/918單元音/?/雙唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齒，口張開(kāi)比/?:/略大發(fā)音組合：a

er

or

o2021/5/919/?/例詞：appearagainalike

teachermotherdrivervisitordoctoractorwelcome2021/5/920元音/?/舌頭后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端兩側(cè)觸及下齒。雙唇向兩旁平伸。發(fā)音組合：u

o2021/5/921/?/例詞：

cuprunjumpFlood2021/5/922元音/u:/長(zhǎng)元音，嘴形小而圓，微微外突，舌頭盡量后縮。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圓，并且向外突出。與漢語(yǔ)中的“嗚”音很像。發(fā)音組合：oo

o

ou

u2021/5/923/u:/例詞：zoofoodcoolpooltombbluegroup2021/5/924單元音/?/-/u/短元音。嘴唇張開(kāi)略向前突出，嘴形稍收?qǐng)A并放松些。注意嘴巴的形狀，嘴巴張開(kāi)略向前突出，舌頭后部略向上抬起，發(fā)短促音即可。發(fā)音組合：oo

u

ou2021/5/925/?/-/u/例詞：

foot-feedwoodbookpushpullfullshould2021/5/926元音/?:/舌頭置于口腔底部，口腔完全張開(kāi)，但是不成圓形。然后將舌身再稍稍向后縮.雙唇也收的更圓更小發(fā)音組合：a

oo

aw

ou

ore

au

or

ar2021/5/927/?:/例詞：

forkmorningairport

talk

ball

call

floor

bought

thought

caught

naughty2021/5/928元音/?/-/?/舌頭置于口腔底部，口腔完全張開(kāi)，但是不成圓形。然后將舌身再稍稍向后縮。2021/5/929/?/-/?/例詞：

cockshopjobbox2021/5/930單元音/ɑ:/長(zhǎng)元音。口腔打開(kāi)，嘴張大，舌身平放后縮，舌尖離開(kāi)下齒，下巴收低一點(diǎn)，輕松發(fā)音。與“啊”發(fā)音有點(diǎn)像。2021/5/931/ɑ:/例詞：

cargardenstarguitar2021/5/932你還記得前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)那些單元音嗎?/i:/,/i/,/e/,/?//?:/,/?/,/ɑ:/，/?//u:/,/u/,/?:/,/?/,2021/5/933_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

/i://i//e//?//?://?//u:/

/u/Λ

//

/a:/

/?://?/

單元音

vowels(12個(gè))2021/5/934

雙元音

/ei/,

/ai/,/?i/,/i?/,/e?/,/??//a?/,/??/,2021/5/935雙元音/eI/--/ei/由[e]和[i]兩個(gè)單音組成,/e/重讀，/i/輕讀，口形由半開(kāi)到合，與字母A發(fā)音相同。發(fā)音組合：ei

a

ai

ay2021/5/936/eI/-/ei/例詞：

eight

facecakewaitraindaymay2021/5/937雙元音/aI/-/ai/口形由開(kāi)到合，牙齒由全開(kāi)過(guò)度到全閉。發(fā)音組合：y

i

uy

2021/5/938/aI/--/ai/例詞：

mykitewritebicyclebuy

guy2021/5/939雙元音/?i/前元音重讀，后元音輕讀，雙唇從圓到扁，口形從開(kāi)到合，牙齒從全開(kāi)到逐漸閉合，注意連貫性。發(fā)音組合：oy

oi

2021/5/940/?I/例詞：boytoyBoilnoisecoin2021/5/941雙元音/i?/前元音重讀，后元音輕讀，雙唇始終半開(kāi)。發(fā)音組合：eer

ear

ere

2021/5/942/I?/例詞：beer

deer

earfearnearhere

2021/5/943雙元音/e?/

前重后輕，舌端抵下齒，雙唇半開(kāi).發(fā)音組合：air

ear

are

ere2021/5/944/e?/例詞：

hair

bare

pear

Chairthere2021/5/945雙元音/??/前重后輕，嘴唇由收?qǐng)A到半開(kāi)，口形由合到開(kāi)，雙唇由圓到扁平。發(fā)音組合：oor

ure

our

2021/5/946/??/例詞：

tourpoor

suregourd2021/5/947雙元音/a?//a/重讀，/u/輕讀，口形由大到小。發(fā)音組合：ou

ow2021/5/948/a?/例詞：hownowhousemouthtrousers2021/5/949雙元音/??/口形由半開(kāi)到小，與字母O的發(fā)音相同。前面的音清楚而較長(zhǎng)，后面的音圓唇，發(fā)音模糊而較短發(fā)音字母

o

ow

oa

2021/5/950/??/例詞：

coatthrowboattoe2021/5/951那么你能說(shuō)出所有的雙元音嗎?/eI/,/aI/,/?I/,/I?/,/e?/,/??//a?/,/??/,2021/5/952_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

/I?//e?/

/u?/

/eI

//aI//?u/

/au/

/?I/

雙元音

vowels(8個(gè))2021/5/953元音總結(jié)2021/5/954英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音專(zhuān)題（二）2021/5/9552021/5/956輔音Consonants(28個(gè))1.爆破音

[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.2021/5/957[p] [b]pay---baypear–

bearpen---Benpig---big[p] [b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe2021/5/958[t] [d]town–

downtie–

dietear–

deartouch–

Dutch[t] [d]bent

–bendright

–ridelent

–lendbet

–bed2021/5/959speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen2021/5/960[k] [g]Kate–

gatecard–

guardcould–

goodcoat–

goat[k] [g]pick

–pigflak

–flagback

–bagLock

–log2021/5/9612.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[?]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[?]

in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song

2021/5/9623.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[

]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[

e]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?2021/5/963[

]

sure,she,social,nation

Washthefish,please.[?]

pleasure,

televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[h]

havehot,whowhole

hatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]

read,write,

wrongAreyoureadytoread?2021/5/964

4.破擦音

[t]

Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.

[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.

?2021/5/9655)舌邊音:[l]land,world

如果在后面讀[?]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle!6)半元音:[w]wall,what,answer

Thehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard.[j]

yes

yellowyearYes,youryellowskirtiswet.2021/5/966lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice

compare:2021/5/9671.Redlorry卡車(chē),yellowlorry,redlorry,yellowlorry.2.Let’slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder梯.Tonguetwisters2021/5/968英語(yǔ)輔音字母中有3個(gè)輔音[m]，[n]，[l]是響音，它們和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可構(gòu)成