【2021年】河南省焦作市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)試題(含答案)

【2021年】河南省焦作市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)試題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterApplyingforaBankLoan.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.點(diǎn)明寫信的目的并且對(duì)個(gè)人情況作介紹

2.申請(qǐng)助學(xué)貸款的原因及數(shù)額

3.你的還款打算

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheStateInterferewithPeople'sSmokingHabits?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.現(xiàn)在許多國家和地區(qū)紛紛頒布禁煙法令，禁止公民在餐廳、酒吧、商店、辦公場(chǎng)所等吸煙

2.我對(duì)政府頒布禁煙令是支持還是反對(duì)，并說出理由

ShouldtheStateInterferewithPeople'sSmokingHabits?

3.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicWealthandHealth.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1.有人認(rèn)為財(cái)富比健康重要；

2.也有人認(rèn)為健康比財(cái)富重要；

3.我的觀點(diǎn)是：

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononForeignTradeofChineseCompanyaccordingtothefollowingchart.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.Descriptionofthechart

2.ChangeintheamountsofforeigntradeoftheChinesecompanyinitsMiddleEastmarket

3.Reasonsofthechange

ForeignTradeofChineseCompany

5.1．有些人喜歡跟團(tuán)旅游

2．有些人喜歡自助旅游

3．你的看法

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast]50wordsinthetitleofALetterofComplaint.Pleasefollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.列舉圖書館存在的問題。

2.說晨圖書館的重要性，并希望現(xiàn)狀得到改善。

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldWePursueMaster'sDegree?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.有人認(rèn)為考研是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生最好的出路

2.也有人持不同意見

3.我的看法

ShouldWePursueMaster'sDegree?

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:AbilityandGoodLooks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.老一輩常說,能力比相貌重要

2.如今很多人卻認(rèn)為相貌比能力重要

3.你的看法

9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed3OminutestowriteALettertotheEditorofaCampusMagazinetopresentyourviewaboutwhethertheextremesportsshouldbebannedandwhetherpeopleshouldbeallowedtorisktheirlives.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheguidelinesgivenbelowinChinese:

1.TomGranger，19歲，是一所大學(xué)極限運(yùn)動(dòng)俱樂部(TheUniversityExtremeSportsClub)的成員。他在一次進(jìn)行高空彈射特技表演時(shí)，因設(shè)備出現(xiàn)故障，不幸身亡。這一慘劇在校園內(nèi)外引起了廣泛爭議。請(qǐng)你給編輯寫一封信，表明你對(duì)這件事的看法。信中必須包括以下內(nèi)容：

--事情的起因和你對(duì)此事的態(tài)度，是支持大學(xué)生從事極限運(yùn)動(dòng)，還是反對(duì)大學(xué)生從事極限運(yùn)動(dòng)

--闡明你持有這種看法的理由

--結(jié)論

ALettertotheEditorofaCampusMagazine

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSayNotoPiratedProducts.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.目前盜版的現(xiàn)象比較嚴(yán)重；

2．造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因及其危害；

3．我們應(yīng)該怎么做。

Usefulwordsandexpressions：

盜版：piracy(n.)

盜版產(chǎn)品：piratedproducts

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)：intellectualpropertyrights

侵犯版權(quán)：infringesb.'scopyright；copyrightinfringement

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Globalwarmingleadstomanynewdiseases.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.ARVshaven'tbeenusedwidelytopreventHIVtransmissionorinfectionforlackofmoney.

13.

Fisheshelpcurbmalariaandothermosquito-bornediseasesbyeatingmosquitolarvae.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B).C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HowtoRetireEarlier

It'severyworkingstaff'sdream:sayinggoodbyetothedailygrindwhileyoustillhaveyourownteeth.Inourearlyretirementfantasies,we'retravelingtheworld,healthyandintheprimeofourlives,visitingthosehard-to-pronouncecountrieswe'vealwaystalkedaboutandsamplingthefinestlocalfare.

Retirement-relatedProblems

Surveysshowthatmorethanhalfofworkersbetweentheagesof30and50plantoretirebeforethey're60.Butthere'sonlyoneproblemwiththiswishfulthinking:Retiringearlyiseasy,butmakingyourmoneylastishard.

Oneproblemwithsavingupforearlyretirementisthatwetendnottothinkbeyondthosefirstfewgloriousyearsofgoodhealthandfullcheckingaccounts-wedon'tdothelong-termmath.Iftheaveragemalelifeexpectancyis75.2andweretireat55,thenoursavings,andstockmarketinvestmentsneedtolastfor20years.Andwhatifweliveevenlongerthanaverage?

Anddon'tforgetthatlifecangettrickyduringthoselastfiveortenyears.Veryfewfortunatesoulsdriftawayintheirsleepatage88withouteverhavingmajorsurgeries,hospitalizationsorchronic(andexpensive)conditionstomanage-nottomentiontheever-increasingcostsofmedicalinsuranceandprescriptiondrugs.

Whilewetendtooverestimateourhealth,weunderestimateourpost-retirementfinancialneeds.A2002surveyfoundthatonly17percentofworkersthoughtthey'dneed80percentoftheirsalaryafterretirement.Fortypercentthoughtthey'dbefinewith60percentofcurrentearnings.Thatmightsufficeforafewgoodyears,butthelongeryoulive,thelesschanceyourmoneywilllast.

Furthermore.isn'titpossiblethattravelingtheworldandlivingoutofasuitcasecouldgetprettytedious?Didyoueverthinkthatyoumightbeboredwithoutadayjob?Doyouhaveenoughhobbiesandintereststosustainyoufor20to30yearswithoutbusinesstrips,deadlinesanddailymeetings?

Butdon'tgetdiscouraged.Ifyou'reseriousaboutretiringearlyanddedicatedtomakingitwork,youcanmakeithappen.Allittakesissomeseriousfinancialplanning,astrictbudgetandsomegoodold-fashionedluck.

Sohowdoyoustartplanningforanearlyretirement?Whatarethemostimportantcalculations?Whataresomecommonmistakes?

FinancialPlanning

Thefirststepwhenplanningforanearlyretirementistofigureoutexactlyhowmuchmoneyyouhaverightnow.Thisiscalledyournetworth.Networthiscalculatedbyaddingupallofyourassets(cash,stocks,retirementaccountsandthevalueofyourhome)andsubtractingallofyouroutstandingdebt(mortgage,studentloansandcreditcarddebt).

Whenyouknowhowmuchyouhave,youneedtofigureouthowmuchmoneyyou'llneedwhenyouretire.Thisamountdependsonseveralfactors:whatyouwanttodowhenyouretire,howearlyyouwanttoretireandwhatstandardoflivingyouwanttoenjoywhenretired.

Ifyouwanttokeepupyourcurrentstandardoflivingasaretiree,theruleofthumbisthatyou'llbespendingmonthlyatleast80percentofwhatyou'respendingnow.Thatother20percentyouwon'tbespendingaccountsforwork-relatedexpenses:gasorpublictransportationfaresforyourcommute,drycleaningbills,lunchesandthelike.Butifyouplant

A.Becauseoldpeopletendtosleepmorethanaverage.

B.Becauseoldpeople'shealthusuallyfailsduringthattime.

C.Becausethelifeafterretirementcouldbeverylongorveryshort.

D.Becausesomeoldpeoplecannotenduremajorsurgeries.

15.

Thesymptomsofheartdisease,inmenorwomen,areoftencausedby______.

16.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

PizzaHut

PizzaHutwasstartedin1958,bytwobrothersinWichita,Kansas.FrankandDanCarneyhadtheideatoopenapizzaparlor.Theyborrowed$600fromtheirmother,andopenedtheveryfirstPizzaHut.In1959,thefirstfranchiseunitopenedinTopeka,Kansas.Almostadecadelater,PizzaHutwouldbeservingonemillioncustomersaweekinits310locations.In1970,PizzaHutwasputontheNewYorkStockExchangeunderthetickersymbolPIZ.

In1986,PizzaHutintroduceddeliveryservice,somethingnootherrestaurantwasdoing.Bythe1990s'PizzaHutsaleshadreached$4billionworldwide.In1998,PizzaHutcelebratedits40thanniversary,andlauncheditsfamouscampaign"TheBestPizzasUnderOneRoof."In1996,PizzaHutsalesintheUnitedStateswereover$5million.Outofalltheexistingpizzachains,PizzaHuthadthelargestmarketshare,46.4%.However,PizzaHut'smarketsharehasslowlyerodedbecauseofintensecompetitionfromtheirrivalsDomino's,LittleCaesar'sandnewcomerPapaJohn's.Homedeliverywasadrivingforceforsuccess,especiallyforPizzaHutandDomino's.

However,thisforcedcompetitorstolookfornewmethodsofincreasingtheircustomerbases.Manypizzachainsdecidedtodiversifyandoffernewnon-pizzaitemssuchasbuffalowings,andItaliancheesebread.Thecurrenttrendinpizzachainstodayisthesame.Theyalltrytocomeupwithsomenewer,bigger,betterpizzaforalowprice.Offeringspecialpromotionsandnewpizzavariationsarepopulartodayaswell.Forexample,chickenisnowacommontoppingfoundonpizzas.

Inthepast,PizzaHuthasalwayshadthefirstmoveradvantage.Theirmarketingstrategyinthepasthasalwaysbeentobethefirst.Oneoftheirmainstrategiesthattheystillfollowtodayisthediversificationoftheproductstheyoffer.PizzaHutisalwaysaddingsomethingnewtotheirmenu,tryingtoreachnewmarkets.Forexample,in1992thefamousbuffetwaslaunchedinPizzaHutrestaurantsworldwide.Theyweretryingtooffermanydifferentfooditemsforcustomerswhodidn'tnecessarilywantpizza.

Anotherstrategytheyusedinthepastandarestillusingisthediversificationoftheirpizzas.PizzaHutisalwaystryingtocomeupwithsomeinnovativewaytomakeapizzaintosomethingslightlydifferent—differentenoughthatcustomerswillthinkit'sawholenewproduct.LookatsomeofthepizzasPizzaHuthasmarketedinthepast.In1983,PizzaHutintroducedtheirPanPizza,whichhadaguaranteeofbeingreadytoeatin5minuteswhendiningatPizzaHutrestaurants.In1993,theyintroducedthe"BigFoot",whichwastwosquarefeetofpizzacutinto21slices.In1995,theyintroduced"StuffedCrustPizza",wherethecrustwouldbefilledwithcheese.In1997,theymarketed"TheEdge",whichhadcheeseandtoppingsallthewaytotheedgeofthepizza.Currently,theyaremarketing"TheBigNewYorker,"tryingtobringthefamousNewYorkstyle.pizzatothewholecountry.

AnotheropportunitythatPizzaHuthasistheirneworderingonlinesystem.AnyonewithInternetaccesscanorderwhatevertheywishandgetitdeliveredtotheirhousewithoutevenspeakingtosomeone.Thisprogramhasjustbeenstarted,sowedonothaveanynumberstosupportwhetherornotitwillbeasuccess.

Lastly,PizzaHuthasalwaysvaluedcustomerserviceandsati

A.1958B.1959C.1969D.1970

17.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1—4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5—10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

GENETICALLYMODIFIEDFOODS

Aregeneticallymodifiedcropsanenvironmentaldreamcome-trueoradisasterinthemaking?Scientistsarelookingforanswers.

Theworldseemsincreasinglydividedintothosewhofavorgeneticallymodified(GM)foodsandthosewhofearthem.Advocatesassertthatgrowinggeneticallyalteredcropscanbekindertotheenvironmentandthateatingfoodsfromthoseplantsisperfectlysafe.And,theysay,geneticengineeringwhichcaninduceplantstogrowinpoorsoilsortoproducemorenutritiousfoodswillsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoningpopulation.SkepticscontendthatGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealthriskstootroublingtoacceptplacidly.Takingthatview,manyEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproducts.Muchofthedebatehingesonperceptionsofsafety.Butwhatexactlydoesrecentscientificresearchsayaboutthehazards?Theanswers,toooftenlostinreportsonthecontroversy,areservedupinthepagesthatfollow.

TwoyearsagoinEdinburgh,Scotlandeco-vandalsstormedafield,crushingcanolaplants.LastyearinMaine,midnightraidershackeddownmorethan3,000experimentalpoplartrees.AndinSanDiego,protesterssmashedsorghumandsprayedpaintovergreenhousewalls.

Thisfar-flungoutragetookaimatgeneticallymodifiedcrops.Buttheprotestsbackfired:allthedestroyedplantswereconventionallybred.Ineachcase,activistsmistookordinaryplantsforGMvarieties.

It'seasytounderstandwhy.Inaway,GMcrops—nowonsome109millionacresoffarmlandworldwide—areinvisible.Youcan'tsee,tasteortouchageneinsertedintoaplantorsenseitseffectsontheenvironment.Youcan'ttell,justbylooking,whetherpollencontainingaforeigngenecanpoisonbutterfliesorfertilizeplantsmilesaway.Thatinvisibilityispreciselywhatworriespeople.How,exactly,willGMcropsaffecttheenvironment-andwhenwillwenotice?

AdvocatesofGM,ortransgenic,cropssaytheplantswillbenefittheenvironmentbyrequiringfewertoxicpesticidesthanconventionalcrops.Butcriticsfearthepotentialrisksandwonderhowbigthebenefitsreallyare."Wehavesomanyquestionsabouttheseplants,"remarksGuentherStotzky,asoilmicrobiologistatNewYorkUniversity."There'salotwedon'tknowandneedtofindout."

AsGMcropsmultiplyinthelandscape,unprecedentednumbersofresearchershavestartedfanningintothefieldstogetthemissinginformation.Someoftheirrecentfindingsarcreassuring;otherssuggestaneedforvigilance.

FewerPoisonsintheSoil?

EveryyearU.S.growersshowercropswithanestimated971millionpoundsofpesticides,mostlytokillinsects,weedsandfungi.Butpesticideresidueslingeroncropsandthesurroundingsoil,leachingintogroundwater,runningintostreamsandgettinggobbledupbywildlife.Theconstantchemicaltrickleisanoldworryforenvironmentalists.

Inthemid-1990sagribusinessesbeganadvertisingGMseedsthatpromisedtoreduceafarmer'suseoftoxicpesticides.TodaymostGMcrops—main

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Globalwindpowercapacityincreasedalmost______timesfrom1996totheendof200

19.

TheInternetandmediacompanieshaverealizedtheimplicitvaluationsofsocialnetworking,buthaven'tmadeitaworkingrevenuemodel.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Prisontermstobeservedonweekendsonlyare______.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.

【B7】

22.(22)

A.Itdoesn'tmoveatall.

B.Itmovesmuchfasterthanregularlines.

C.It'snexttotheregularlines.

D.It'sherfavorite.

23.(29)

A.Castles'structureandtheeatinghabitinthem.

B.Castles'structureandpeoplewholivedinthem.

C.Castles'structureandthelivesinthem.

D.Whypeoplebuiltcastlesandcastles'structure.

24.(36)

A.Itistheonlyrecordleftofthepainting.

B.Itisnotanaccuraterepresentationofthepainting.

C.Ithasbecomemorevaluablethanthepainting.

D.Itwasdestroyedwiththepaintinginafire.

25.聽力原文：W:Hi,Jim.Howarethingsgoing?

M:Justfine,Ellen,howareyou?

W:Oh,I'mjustfine.

M:Well,I'vegottogotoHongKongnextmonth,andI'dlikeyoutomakethearrangements.

W:Wonderful!Whendoyouwanttogo?

M:OK,I'vegottobetherefromthesixththroughtheninthofFebruary.

W:OK,thesixththroughtheninth.Now,thesixthisaThursday.Doyouknow,ifyoucouldleaveonFriday,theseventh,beforenoon,Icouldgetyouaspecialweekendfareforonlythreehundreddollars.That'sarealbargain.Theregularfareisfivehundreddollars.

M:WhattimewouldIarriveinHongKongontheseventh?

W:Letmecheck.Atnineo'clock.

M:Isthatadirectflight?

W:Yes.

M:Thatsoundsgood,butIreallyshouldbetherethenightbefore.Whataboutotherspecials?

W:OK,well,thereisaseven-dayexcursionfare.That'scheaper,butthatmeansyouhavetogoforsevenormoredays,andyouhavetoflyonweekdays.Thefareistwohundredandeightydollarsroundtrip.

M:Whendoestheflightleave?

W:Oh,thatflightleavesatthreetwentyintheafternoonandarrivesinHongKongatseveno'clock.

M:Isthatanonstopflight?

W:No.Thereisahalf-hourstopoverinTokyo,butyoudon'thavetochangeplanes,atleast.

M:Youknow,itmightbepossibleformetostayinHongKongforaweek,becauseIhavealotoffriendsdownthere.I'llthinkitoverandletyouknowmyfinaldecisioninafewdays.Thankyouverymuch.

W:Youarewelcome.

(20)

A.SheprobablyworkstogetherwithJiminabusinesscompany.

B.Sheprobablyworksinanairport.

C.Sheprobablyisanoperatorworkinginatelephonecompany.

D.SheprobablyworksinHongKong.

26.聽力原文：Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.Theycanbefriendlyandaffectionatetowardshumans,buttheyleadmysteriouslivesoftheirownaswell.Theyneverbecomesubmissivelikedogsandhorses.Asaresult,humanshavelearnedtorespecttheirindependence.Mostcatsremainsuspiciousofhumansalltheirlives.Onethingthatfascinatesusmostaboutcatsisthepopularbeliefthattheyhaveninelives.Apparently,thereisagooddealoftruthinthisidea.Acat'sabilitytosurvivefallsisbasedonfact.

RecentlytheNewYorkAnimalMedicalCentremadeastudyof132catsoveraperiodoffivemonths.Allthesecatshadoneexperienceincommon:theyhadfallenoffhighbuildings,yetonlyeightofthemdiedfromshockofinjuries.Ofcourse,NewYorkistheidealplaceforsuchaninterestingstudy,becausethereisnoshortageoftallbuildings.Thereareplentyofhigh-risewindowsillstofallfrom!Onecat,Sabrina,fell32stories,yetonlysufferedfromabrokentooth."Catsbehavelikewell-trainedparatroopers,"adoctorsaid.Itseemsthatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikelytoinjurethemselves.Inalongdrop,theyreachspeedsof60milesanhourandmore.Athighspeeds,fallingcatshavetimetorelax.Theystretchouttheirlegslikeflyingsquirrels.Thisincreasestheirair-resistanceandreducestheshockofimpactwhentheyhittheground.

(33)

A.Becausecatsalwaysfascinatehumanbeings.

B.Becausecatsarefriendlyandaffectionatetowardshumans.

C.Becausethereisapopularbeliefthatcatshaveninelives.

D.Becausecatsleadtheirownlivesandseldombecomeobedientlikedogsare.

27.聽力原文：M:Welcomehome,Lora.Doyouknoweveryoneinthetownlooksuptoyou?

W:Really?Iwasjusttoobusytocomeback.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.EveryoneinthetownmissesLots.

B.EveryoneinthetownexpectsLoratocomehack.

C.EveryoneinthetownrespectsLora.

D.EveryoneinthetownwantstoseeLots.

28.聽力原文：TwonewAmericanstudiesareaddingtoourunderstandingofwomenandtheirsenseofsmell.Thefirststudyshowedthatwomenappeartolikethesmellofmenwhosegenesaresimilartothewomen'sfathers.ScientistsattheUniversityofChicagohiIllinoisdescribedtheirexperimentinNatureGeneticsmagazine.

Thescientistsaskedagroupofforty-ninewomentosmellseveralboxes.Eachboxhadadifferentsmell.Thewomenwereaskedwhichboxtheywouldchooseiftheyhadtosmellitallthetime.Theywerenottoldwhateachboxcontained.ThetenboxescontainedpiecesofclothingcalledT-shirts.SomeoftheT-shirtscontainedacommonsmellofasubstancefoundaroundthehouse.EachoftheothersixT-shirtshadbeenwornbyamanfortwodays.Thescientistsfoundthatthewomendidnotchoosesmellsofmenwithgenestotallysimilartotheirown.However,womengenerallylikedthesmellofmenwhoseM-H-Cgenesweresimilartothegenesthatwerepassedtothewomenfromtheirfathers.Therewasnosuchrelationshipbetweenawomanandgenesfromhermother.

Asecondstudyfoundthatwomencanimprovetheirabilitytorecognizesmellsbysmellingthemrepeatedly.ScientistsattheMonellChemicalSensesCenterinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania,organizedthisstudy.Thescientistsfoundthatmenandwomenwereequallygoodatidentifyinganumberofsmellsatthestartoftesting.However,thewomenbecamebetteratrecognizingsmellsthemoretheyweretested.Thiswasnottrueformen,boys,girlsorolderwomen.Scientistssuggestthatthisabilitymaybelinkedtosubstancescalledhormonesproducedbywomen.

(31)

A.Thesmellofmenwithgenestotallysimilartotheirown

B.Thesmellofmenwhosegenesaresimilartothewomen'sfathers

C.Thesmellofmenwhosegenesaresimilartothewomen'smothers

D.acommonsmell

29.(16)

A.Themanishandsome.

B.Themanusedtobeunhealthy.

C.Thelectureisnotveryclear

D.Themanhasbecomeabetterperson.

30.(34)

A.Theyeatasmanyinsectsasspiders.

B.Theyeatmoreinsectsthanspiders.

C.Theycan'tcomparewithspidersasdestroyersofinsects.

D.Theydestroyalargerfractionofinsectsthanspiders.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.

Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled,low-payingjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayfairefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.

Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workerscannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore,employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.

Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif"otherthingsareequal."

Thereisthepossibilitythatsettingmaximumrentmay______.

32.Ifpollutioncontinuestoincreaseatthepresentrate,formationofaerosols(懸浮微粒)intheatmospherewillcausetheonset(開始)ofaniceageinaboutfiftyyears'time.Thisconclusion,reachedbyDr.S.RasoolandDr.H.SchneideroftheUnitedStatesGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,answerstheapparentlyconflictingquestionsofwhetheranincreaseinthecarbondioxidecontentoftheatmospherewillcausetheEarthtowarmuporincreasingtheaerosolcontentwillcauseittocooldown.TheAmericanshaveshownconclusivelythattheaerosolquestionisdominant.

Twospectershauntingconservationistshavebeentheprospectthatenvironmentalpollutionmightleadtotheplanet'sbecomingunbearablyhotorcold.Oneoftheseghostshasnowbeenlaid,becauseitseemsthatevenanincreaseintheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospheretoeighttimesitspresentvaluewillproduceanincreaseintemperatureofonly2℃.whichwouldtakeplaceoverseveralthousandyears.Buttheotherproblemnowloomslargerthanever.

Aerosolsarecollectionsofsmallliquidorsolidparticlesdispersedinairorsomeothermedium.Theparticlesareallsotinythateachiscomposedofonlyafewhundredatoms.Becauseofthistheycanfloatintheairforaverylongtime.PerhapsthemostcommonlyexperiencedaerosolisindustrialsmogofthekindthatplaguedLondoninthe1950sandisanevengreaterprobleminLosAngelestoday.ThesecollectionsofaerosolsreflecttheSun'sheatandtherebycausetheEarthtocool.

Dr.RasoolandDr.SchneiderhavecalculatedtheexacteffectofadustaerosollayerjustabovetheEarth'ssurfaceinthetemperatureoftheplanet.Asthelayerbuildsup,thepresentdelicatebalancebetweentheamountofheatabsorbedfromtheSunandtheamountradiatedfromtheEarthisdisturbed.TheaerosollayernotonlyreflectsmuchoftheSun'slightbutalsotransmitstheinfraredradiationfrombelow.So,whiletheheatinputtothesurfacedrops,thelossofheatremainshighuntiltheplanetcoolstoanewbalancedstate.

Withinfiftyyears,ifnostepsaretakentostopthespreadofaerosolsintheatmosphere,acoolingoftheEarthbyasmuchas3.5℃seemsinevitable.Ifthatlastsforonlyafewyearsitwouldstartanothericeage,andbecausethegrowingicecapsateachpolewouldthemselvesreflectmuchoftheSun'sradiationitwouldprobablycontinuetodevelopeveniftheaerosollayerweredestroyed.

TheonlybrightspotinthisgloomyforecastliesinthehopeexpressedbyDr.RasoolandDr.Schneiderthatnuclearpowermayreplacefossilfuelsintimetopreventtheaerosolcontentoftheatmospherefrombecomingcritical.

Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticleistowarnof______.

A.warmweatherB.hotweatherC.anewiceageD.anewiceberg

33.

Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe______.

A.HypothesesandTheories

B.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

C.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

D.BiologyandtheScientificAge

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.Somesay