高二英語人教版選修七講義UNIT4SECTIONⅤ

[技法指導]志愿活動或sharing是記述活動目的、過程以及結(jié)果(或影響)的記敘文?？记绊氈?．理清與活動相關(guān)的時間、地點、人物、活動的過程以及影響等。2．明確文章結(jié)構(gòu)：開頭局部介紹人物、活動的目的或緣由；其次局部介紹活動的過程或者仆人公做了什么；最終記述活動對他人、自己或社會的影響。3．找準時態(tài)與人稱，理清寫作挨次，將文章的要素合理結(jié)合，使其完整。[寫作標準][題目要求]假設你是紅星中學高二一班的同學。3月5日是學雷鋒日，你班組織了一次志愿活動。請依據(jù)下面四幅圖所供應的活動內(nèi)容和過程寫一篇英文短文，為你校校刊英語專欄投稿。留意：詞數(shù)100左右。參考詞匯：養(yǎng)老院nursinghome[三步作文法]第一步：搜尋單元詞匯1．志愿的voluntary2．為了紀念in_memory_of_3．演出performance4．玩得歡樂have_a_good_time_5．在逆境中in_need_其次步：巧用單元語法和句型1．一到那里，我們首先進行了一次徹底地大掃除。①As_soon_as_we_got_there,_wefirstdidathoroughcleaning.②Upon_our_arrival,_wefirstdidathoroughcleaning.(upon＋n.)2．一些人掃地、拖地，另一些擦窗戶和洗衣服。①Somesweptandmoppedthefloor.Theotherscleanedthewindowsanddid_some_washing.②Somesweptandmoppedthefloorwhiletheotherscleanedthewindowsanddidsomewashing.(while引導的并列句)3．我們也意識到我們可以使自己對那些處于逆境中的人有用。Wealsorealizethatwecanmakeourselvesusefultothose_in_need.第三步：連接過渡成篇OurclassplannedtoorganizeavoluntaryactivityonMarch5thinmemoryofLeiFeng.Afteraheateddiscussion,wedecidedtogettoanursinghometodosomethingfortheelderly.OnMarch5th,wesetoutearlyinthemorning.Uponourarrival,wefirstdidathoroughcleaning.Somesweptandmoppedthefloorwhiletheotherscleanedthewindowsanddidsomewashing.Inaddition,wegavewonderfulperformancesfortheelderlyandtaughtthemsomedailyEnglishexpressions.Alltheelderlyhadagoodtimewithus.We'vereallylearnedalotfromtheexperience.Wealsorealizethatwecanmakeourselvesusefultothoseinneed.[對應同學課下力量提升(十六)]Ⅰ.閱讀理解Iamataxidriver.OneMondaymorning,IhadstoppedatNewYorkHospitalwhenIspieda_well-dressed_mandashingdownthesteps.Hewashailing(招手)me.Iwaiteduntilhejumpedintothecab.“LaGuardiaAirport,please，〞Asalways,Iwonderedaboutmypassenger.“Whatdoyoudo？〞“I'mintheneurologydepartment(神經(jīng)內(nèi)科)atthishospital.〞Forsomeunknownreason,Idecidedtoaskforhishelp.“CouldIaskafavourofyou？〞Hedidn'tanswer.“Ihaveason,16.He'sdoingwellinschool.Hewantsajobthissummer.Isthereanypossibilitythatyoumightgethimasummerjob？〞Afterapause,hesaid，“Themedicalstudentshavearesearchproject.Maybehecouldfitin.Havehimsendmehisschoolrecords.〞Hesearchedhispocketandhandedmeacard.Thatevening,Ipulledthecardfrommypocket.“Robbie，〞Iannouncedproudly，“thiscouldbeasummerjobforyou.Sendhimyourschoolrecords.〞Hereaditoutloud,“FredPlum,NewYorkHospital.〞“Isthisajoke？〞hesaidindisbelief.AfterIyelledandthreatenedtocutoffhisallowance,Robbiepromisedtosendoffhisgradesthenextmorning.Twoweekslater,whenIarrivedhome,mysonhandedmealetterfromPlum.HewastophonePlum'ssecretaryforaninterview.Robbiegotthejob.Thewhitecoatheworemadehimfeelmoreimportantthanhereallywas.Ashighschoolgraduationneared,Plumwaskindenoughtowritelettersofremendationforuniversities.Toourdelight,RobbiewasadmittedtoNewItneveroccurredtomethatastrangershouldtransformmyson'sfuture.語篇解讀：一名出租車司機向他的乘客求助，盼望對方能為自己上高中的兒子供應一份暑期工作。正是這位生疏人的關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變了出租車司機兒子的將來。1．Whodoestheunderlinedphrase“awell-dressedman〞inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Theauthor.B．Plum.C．Robbie.D．Apatient.解析：選B推理推斷題。由第一、二段可知，這位穿著風光的人上了作者的出租車，作者想請他幫個忙；由第三、四段可知，該乘客同意關(guān)心并留下了自己的名片，名片上的名字為FredPlum，由此推知，這個穿著風光的人就是Plum。2．TheauthorthreatenedtocutoffRobbie'sallowanceprobablybecause________.A．hewastiredafteraday'sworkB．hedidn'tearnenoughmoneyC．RobbiewasunwillingtoworkD．Robbiedoubtedwhathesaid解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“‘Isthisajoke？’hesaidindisbelief.AfterIyelledandthreatenedtocutoffhisallowance,Robbiepromisedtosendoffhisgradesthenextmorning〞可知，作者威逼兒子Robbie說要斷了他的零花錢，是由于Robbie不信任作者所說的話。3．ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatPlumis________.A．patientandselflessB．generousandrespectfulC．kindandhelpfulD．wealthyandhandsome解析：選C推理推斷題。Plum情愿關(guān)心一個生疏人，給Robbie供應了一份暑期工作，又為Robbie寫了推舉信，由此可推知，Plum心地和善且樂于助人，應選擇C項。4．Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A．Astrangermaychangeyourlife.B．Onemustbefriendlytostrangers.C．Afathershouldberesponsibleforhisson.D．Doctorsmayhaveagreatinfluenceoverpeople.解析：選A主旨大意題。文章主要敘述了一個生疏人的關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變了出租車司機的兒子Robbie的將來，因此選擇A項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Doyouhaveaspareroominyourhouse?Doyouliketoshareyourdrivewayinfrontofyourgaragewithothers?__1__Manypeoplearebenefitingfromthisnewbusinessofrenting.Perhapsthebest-knownexampleofapanyinthisfieldisAirbnb—anAmericanwebbusinesswhichallowsyoutorentoutyourspareroomtoholidaymakers.Itsaysitoperatesin34,000citiesandithas800,000listingsofroomsandapartments.__2__ABritishpanyisdoingsomethingwithparkingspaces.JustPark'sfounder,AnthonyEskinazi,says，“WhenIhadtheoriginalidea,Ispottedadrivewayclosetoasportsstadium.ItwouldhavebeensoconvenientifIcouldhavejustparkedinthatdrivewayratherthaninamercialcarpark.〞__3__Around20,000peoplehaveadvertisedtheirspacesonthewebsite,andhesaysaroundhalfamilliondriversuseit.__4__Theyarepeoplewhorunthingsliketraditionalhotelsandmercialcarparks.Theyareafraidofendinguplosingmoney.__5__Regulationsforthesenewbusinessesareunclear.Howwillrentingoutyourdrivewayaffectyourneighbour?Becausethisisanewbusinessworld,thoserulesaren'tthereyet.A．Theyseemtohaveoccupiedthemajorityofthemarket.B．Bothofthesecanhelpyoumakemoney.C．Andthereisanotherproblem.D．Andhisgreatideahasprovedasuccess.E．Butthenewbusinessofrentinghasitspetitors.F．Therearemanywaystoearnmoney.G．Amercialcarparkisinconvenient.答案：1～5BADECⅢ.完形填空WhentheEgyptiansbuiltthepyramids(金字塔),theyincludedmazes(迷宮)tocatchthieves.Evenifthievesmanagedto__1__apyramid,theywouldprobably__2__findtheirwayout.In1986theFulksfamilyofFredericksburg,Virginia,decidedtocreateamazeintheir__3__ontheBelvederePlantation.DonnieFulksandhisfoursonscutsome__4__hereandtherethroughthetallcorn.Soonthis“MaizeMaze〞wasso__5__thattheFulksesfoundthemselves__6__anewmazeeachyearasanewcropfilledtheSomepeoplereturneachyear.Tomakeit__7__forthem,eachcornymazeissomewhatdifferentfromthe__8__ones.In1998theFulksfamily__9__theworld-famousmazedesignerAdrianFishertocreateahugemaze__10__15acres,or650,000squarefeet.Eachnewpatternwasfirst__11__onaputer,andtheoneusedin2001hadtobe__12__eighteentimesbeforeitwasjustright.Afteritwasfinished,DonnieFulksandhissonstookadetailed__13__ofthepatterndividedintosquares,andthenstartedthecuttingjob.PeoplefromalloverthecountryeouttotheBelvederePlantationtotrytofindtheirwaythroughtheFulksfamily'smaze.Itis__14__whilethecornistall,frommid-JulythroughearlyNovember.Visitorsaregivenflagsto__15__theirprogressandtowaveforhelpiftheyare__16__.Italwaysmakespeople__17__whentheyfindtheirwaytotheend.Builtintothe2001mazewereseveral__18__.Sixtyspeakersprovidedmusicthroughoutthejourney.Justtobe__19__，the2001maizemazestarted__20__thecornfield,makingittheworld'sonlyinside-outmaze!eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了theFulkses一家所建筑的玉米田迷宮。)1． B．enterC．search D．damage解析：選B由下文的“findtheirwayout〞可知，這里是說小偷設法“進入(enter)〞金字塔。2． B．justC．never D．still解析：選C由上文的“theyincludedmazestocatchthieves〞可知，小偷進去之后可能“永久無法(never)〞找到出來的路。3． B．cottageC．shelters D．cornfield解析：選D由下文的“throughthetallcorn〞和“asanewcropfilledthefield〞可知是在“玉米地(cornfield)〞里建筑迷宮。4． B．grassesC．crops D．rocks解析：選A由上文的“createamaze〞和下文的“throughthetallcorn〞可知，DonnieFulks和他四個兒子在玉米地里開拓了一些“通道(paths)〞。5． B．popularC．plex D．confusing解析：選B由下文的“theFulkses...anewmazeeachyearasanewcropfilledthefield〞及“Somepeoplereturneachyear〞可知，該玉米田迷宮很受“歡送(popular)〞。6． B．creatingC．solving D．expecting解析：選B由下文的“eachcornymaze〞可知，這里是指theFulkses一家開頭不自覺地每年“建筑(creating)〞一個新迷宮。7． B．frighteningC．convenient D．challenging解析：選D由下文的“Visitorsaregivenflags...towaveforhelp〞可知，每年所建筑的迷宮之所以不同是為了使其更具“挑戰(zhàn)性(challenging)〞。8． B．smallC．previous D．following解析：選C這里是指為了增加難度，故與“從前的(previous)〞有所不同。9． B．a(chǎn)llowedC．ordered D．promised解析：選A由下文的“theworld-famousmazedesignerAdrianFishertocreateahugemaze〞可知，theFulkses一家“邀請(invited)〞世界著名的迷宮設計師來建筑一個巨型迷宮。10． B．clearingC．covering D．flooding解析：選C這里是指一個“占地(covering)〞十五英畝的大型迷宮。11．up B．workedoutC．foundout D．broughtup解析：選B這里是指每一種新圖案首先在電腦上“制作出來(workedout)〞。12． B．explainedC．counted D．changed解析：選D由下文的“beforeitwasjustright〞可知，2001年的迷宮圖案最終定型前曾在電腦上“修改(changed)〞過十八次。13． B．packingC．drawing D．rolling解析：選C電腦繪圖完成之后，DonnieFulks和他的兒子們在地里“繪制(drawing)〞具體的圖案。14． B．quietC．empty D．closed解析：選A由下文的“whilethecornistall,frommid-JulythroughearlyNovember〞可知，這個時間段適合迷宮對外“開放(open)〞。15． B．slowC．watch D．mark解析：選D游客們用旗子作為“標記(mark)〞，以示他們的行進狀況。16． B．lostC．sick D．tired解析：選B由上文的“Peoplefromalloverthecountry...throughtheFulksfamily'smaze〞和“towaveforhelp〞可知，當人們在迷宮中“迷路(lost)〞的時候會揮舞旗子尋求關(guān)心。17． B．curiousC．wise D．excited解析：選D由下文的“whentheyfindtheirwaytotheend〞可知，當人們找到通向出口的路時會很“興奮(excited)〞。18． B．solutionsC．doubts D．puzzles解析：選A由下文的“Sixtyspeakersprovidedmusicthroughoutthejourney〞和“theworld'sonlyinside-outmaze〞可知，2001年的迷宮有幾大“驚喜(surprises)〞。19． B．normalC．different D．faraway解析：選C由下文的“makingittheworld'sonlyinside-outmaze〞可知，此處是指為了“與眾不同(different)〞。20．thecenterofB．onthewaytoC．ontheedgeof D．inthedirectionof解析：選A由下文的“theworld'sonlyinside-outmaze〞可知，2001年的迷宮是由里向外綻開的，所以是“從玉米地的中心(inthecenterofthecornfield)〞開頭的。Ⅳ.語法填空IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassetting__1__mycarbrokedownneararemotevillage.Cursingmy__2__(fortune),IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundme__3__(argue)astowhoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme__4__aguestintheirhouse.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferof__5__80-year-oldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingmesettledintoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorse__6__mycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway__7__therewasaIhadnoticedthreehens__8__(run)freeinmyhostess'courtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.Othervillagersbroughtmegoats'cheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked__9__(merry)tillfarintothenight.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleI__10__(cause)her.Butsherefused.語篇解讀：“我〞在去TaiyetosMountains的途中車子壞了，這時熱忱的村民關(guān)心了“我〞。1．when考查連詞。太陽剛要落山時“我〞的車拋錨在一個偏遠的村莊四周。2．misfortune考查名詞?！拔舀曋淞R自己的不幸。3．werearguing考查過去進行時。依據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“村民們圍著我在爭辯誰能有幸邀請到我這位客人〞。4．a(chǎn)s考查介詞。asaguest“作為客人〞。5．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。此處表示一位80歲的農(nóng)婦。由于80的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以用an。6．to考查介詞。村長把他的馬綁到“我〞的汽車上，將汽車拉去一個小鎮(zhèn)上的汽車修理廠。7．where考查定語從句。asmalltown作先行詞，所填詞在從句中作地點狀語，所以用where引導該定語從句。8．running考查非謂語動詞。noticesb./sth.doingsth.“留意到某人或某物正在做某事〞，此處表示“我〞看到三只母雞在女仆人家的院子里跑著，結(jié)果晚上其中的一只就成了“我〞桌子上的菜了。9．merrily考查副詞。修飾動詞talked應用副詞。10．hadcaused考查過去完成時?！皫砺闊┄暟l(fā)生在“想報答〞之前，為過去的過去，所以用過去完成時。句意：我想報答那位老婦人，由于我給她帶來了麻煩，但是她拒絕了。Ⅴ.短文改錯Atthattime,Iwasworkingpart-timeformywholeafter-schoollife.ThejobwasatthegrocerystorewhereIwasmadeworklonghardhoursforverylittlepay.ButthatlittlemoneyIearnedcouldprovidesomesupplieswithmeatschool.OnedaywhenapersonstoppedmewhileIwaspackinggroceries.Hesaid“thankyou〞，tothatIreplied“noproblem〞，andthenIwasabouttogoingbacktowork.Therefore,thestrangerwouldn'tletmeoff.Helookedmestraightintheeye,andsaysinsincerity,“No,really,thankyou！〞ThatmomentIfeltmovingbyhissimplewords.Hewasshowingherrespectformyservice.答案：其次句：其次個the→a;made后加to第三句：with→for第四句：去掉when第五句：that→which;going→go第六句：Therefore→However第七句：says→said第八句：moving→moved第九句：her→his單元質(zhì)量檢測(四)(時間：100分鐘總分值：120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。AVOLUNTEERHELPWANTED,WORKINGWITHNEWEVENTSTEAMGantsHill,LondonWearelookingforafewvolunteerstoworkwithusinthecreationofaneweventsgroupwhichisneedinghelptoexpandwhichmayleadtopart-timeorfull-timework.Hoursareflexible,andsuccessfulcandidateswillbeworkingonsocialmediaandliaising(聯(lián)絡)phonecallswithorganizationsandgroups.CandidatesmustspeakexcellentfluentEnglish.VOLUNTEEREVENTSADMINISTRATIONWestminster,LondonWewouldlikeanenthusiasticandoutgoingadministrationvolunteerforourEventsTeamatourLondonHeadOffice.Thisopportunitywouldsuitawell-organizedpersonwithaneyefordetailandgoodputerskills.YouwillsupportourEventsbysendingthank-youletters,answeringthetelephone,andassistingwithallaspectsofeventorganizationfor2daysaweek.Lovemusic?Wanteventsexperience?NottingHill,LondonOxfamNottingHillTakeoverarelookingforvolunteersforourmusicfestivalon19thOctober2016.Thefestivaltakesplacein5placesinNottingHill.Thischarityeventwillbeshowcasingover30bandsandDJsandplayingallformsofmusic.Weneedateamofvolunteerstoassistusonthedayinordertomakesureeverybodyhasagoodtime.IfyouwanttobeapartofagreateventtohelpusraisemoneyforOxfamthenpleaseealongtoouropenrecruitmentsession(聘請會)．VOLUNTEERSWANTED!Hillingdon,LondonRoyalVoluntaryServiceisanationalcharitywhichdeliversservicesthroughvolunteerstohelpolderpeopleremainactiveandindependentintheirmunities.WearegrowingournewDementiaSupportServiceinHillingdonandneedhelpfromyou!Youwillberequiredtohavegoodmunicationskills.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是應用文。文章主要介紹了四那么招募志愿者的廣告。)1．Ifyouwanttoworkwiththeneweventsteam,youshould________.A．beconfidentB．workfull-timeC．speakEnglishverywellD．haveenoughexperience解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一局部中的“CandidatesmustspeakexcellentfluentEnglish〞可知。2．IntheRoyalVoluntaryService,volunteerscan________.A．municatewitholderpeopleB．enjoyallformsofmusicC．a(chǎn)nswerthetelephoneD．workpart-timeonly解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四局部中的“whichdeliversservicesthroughvolunteerstohelpolderpeopleremainactiveandindependentintheirmunities〞及“Youwillberequiredtohavegoodmunicationskills〞可知。3．Allofthefouradswerewrittento________.A．lookforsomevolunteersB．providesomejobopportunitiesC．introducesomenewinformationD．plainaboutvolunteers'poorservice解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章中的VOLUNTEERHELPWANTED,VOLUNTEERSWANTED等可知，這四那么廣告主要是為了招募志愿者。BThirteencanbeachallengingage.NotonlydidIhavetoadapttomychangingbody,butIalsohadtodealwithmyparents'bitterdivorce,anewfamilyandtheupsettingmovefrommycountryhometoacrowdedtown.Whenwemoved,mybelovedpanion,asmallbrownponyhadtobesold.Iwasheartbrokenandterriblylonely.Icouldn'teatorsleepandcriedallthetime.Finally,realizinghowmuchImissedmypony,myfatherboughtmeanotherhorse,Cowboy.Cowboywaswithoutdoubttheugliesthorseintheworld.ButIdidn'tcare.Ilovedhimbeyondallreason.Ijoinedaridingclub.WhenCowboyandIenteredtheeventswherethehorsewasjudgedbyappearance,wewerequickly“shownthegate〞.IknewnothingcouldturnCowboyintoabeauty.Myonlychancetopetewouldbeinthetimedspeedevents.Ichosethejumpingrace.ForthewholenextmonthwepracticedrunningandjumpingforhoursinthehotsunandthenIwouldwalkCowboyhome,totallyexhausted.Allofourhardworkdidn'tmakemefeelconfidentbythetimetheshowcame.OnegirlnamedBeckyrodeabigbrownhorseintheraceevents.Shealwayswontheblueribbons.IsatatthegateandsweatedalloutwhileIwatchedBeckyandherhorsechargethroughthecourtandfinishinfirstplace.Myturnfinallycame.Atthesignal,wedashedtowardthefirstfence,jumpedoveritwithouttroubleandracedontothenextone.Cowboythenflewoverthesecond,thirdandfourthfenceslikeabirdandIturnedhimtowardthefinishline.Nocheersfilledtheair.Theendofourrunwasmetwithsurprisingsilence.CowboyandIhadbeatenBeckyandherfancyhorsebytwoseconds.Igainedmuchmorethanablueribbonthatday.Atthirteen,Irealizedthatnomatterwhattheoddsare,I'dalwayseoutawinnerifIwantedsomethingbadlyenoughtoworkforit.Icanbetheownerofmyfate.語篇解讀：年僅13歲的作者承受著家庭的變故且失去了自己心愛的小馬，她感到苦痛、孤獨。后來，父親又給她買了一匹馬Cowboy，它雖長得丑卻給作者帶來了很多撫慰。在一場競賽中作者明白：只要努力奮斗，每個人都可以主宰自己的命運。4．WhydidtheauthorlikeCowboysomuchinspiteofitsugliness?A．Becauseshelovedhorsesmorethananythingelse.B．BecauseCowboywasastrongandsmartyounghorse.C．BecauseCowboyhadalotinmonwithherpony.D．Becauseshewassadandlonelyandneededapanion.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段可知，13歲的作者承受著家庭的變故；其次段中介紹作者失去棕色的小矮種馬后的難受與孤獨，由此可推知，盡管父親給她新買的馬Cowboy很丑，她還是喜愛有它的陪伴，應選擇D項。5．Theaudiencefellintosilenceattheendoftherunprobablybecause________.A．theydidn'texpectCowboywouldwintheeventB．theywereunhappythatBeckywasbeatenintheeventC．theydidn'tlikeCowboy,foritwastoouglyD．theyneversawahorserunningasfastasCowboy解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第六段中的“OnegirlnamedBeckyrodeabigbrownhorseintheraceevents.Shealwayswontheblueribbons〞和倒數(shù)其次段中的“Theendofourrunwasmetwithsurprisingsilence〞可知，Becky奪冠是眾望所歸，所以當作者和其貌不揚的Cowboy獲勝時，人們感到特別意外，一下都變得緘默了。6．Afterthepetition,theauthorcametorealizethat________.A．sheoughttogatherthecouragetosolvealltheproblemsB．itwastimetoforgetherponyandtreatCowboybetterC．sheneededtoworkhardertowinmoreblueribbonsD．shecouldbethegodofherownfateifshetriedhardenough解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Atthirteen,Irealizedthatnomatterwhattheoddsare,I'dalwayseoutawinnerifIwantedsomethingbadlyenoughtoworkforit.Icanbetheownerofmyfate〞可知，作者意識到自己通過足夠的努力可以主宰自己的命運。7．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．a(chǎn)lloftheirhardtrainingwastotallyinvainB．a(chǎn)blueribbonmustbethesecondhighestprizeC．CowboylostintheeventsofbeingjudgedbyappearanceD．bothBeckyandtheauthorwonthejumpingevent解析：選C推理推斷題。第三段的第一句表示Cowboy是世界上最丑的馬，結(jié)合第四段中的“WhenCowboyandIenteredtheeventswherethehorsewasjudgedbyappearance,wewerequickly‘shownthegate’．〞可知，在形狀競賽中Cowboy輸了。CSomuchofbodylanguageisinfluencedbyourculture.Whetherwemeeteachotherwithahandshake,akissonthecheek,oraforeheadtouch,eachgreetingispletelydependentonculture.Theseculturalexpressionsaredictatedbywhatarecalled“displayrules〞，thespecificexpectationseverygrouphasaboutbodylanguagebehavior.Forexample,youonlyhavetostandonlineforabusinSanFranciscotoseeaninterestingdifferenceinculturaldisplayrulesaboutpersonalspace.Ifyouqueue(排隊)upforabusonMarketStreetinthebusinessdistrictatrushhour,you'llstandinaveryorderlyline,withathree-footbubbleofpersonalspace,yourfellowpassengersbusilytappingtheirBlackBerrieswithoutsomuchasaglanceatyou.ButifyouboardthebusinChinatown,youmightfindyourselfapartofagroupofpeople,stomachspressedagainstbacks,eachpersonvyingforaseatatthesametimeonthatsameCulturaldisplayrulesdifferfromcountrytocountry,statetostate,evencitytocity.Forexample,intheUnitedStatesaswellasinmostothercountries,noddingyourheadupanddownisasignalexplainedas“yes〞.Weuseittoemphasize(強調(diào))apointwhenwesayyes,orwesimplyuseitnonverballytoshowagreement.InBulgaria,however,shakingyourheadfromsidetosidemeans“yes〞andnoddingyourheadupanddownmeans“no〞.ThatwouldbeanimportantdifferencetobeawareofifyouwerestuckataBulgariantrainstationinthemiddleoftheAswebeeaglobalsociety,differentculturalnormsinchcloserandclosertoeachotherwitheachgeneration.Themoreexposurekidshavetopeopleofdifferentcultures,themorelikelytheyaretorecognizeavarietyofpeopleas“l(fā)ikeme〞aswell.Andwecanshowagreatdealofrespectbylearningthosedifferentdisplayrulesbeforewedobusinesswithpeopleinothercultures.Knowingeachothers'displayrules,andrespectingthem,isahugesteptowardbridgingculturalgapswithbodylanguage.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了文化對身體語言的影響。)8．Theunderlinedword“vying〞inParagraph2means“________〞．A．petingB．lookingC．a(chǎn)skingD．failing解析：選A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)其次段中的“stomachspressedagainstbacks〞及“foraseatatthesametimeonthatsamebus〞可知，此處是說人們?yōu)榱艘粋€座位“競爭(peting)〞。9．What'sthemainideaofParagraph3?A．Noddingheadhasseveralmeanings.B．Peopleusekindsofwaystoshowagreement.C．CulturaldisplayrulesarethesameinEurope.D．Culturaldisplayrulesaredifferentindifferentplaces.解析：選D段落大意題。第三段的首句“Culturaldisplayrulesdifferfromcountrytocountry,statetostate,evencitytocity〞是該段的主題句，下文所舉的例子都是為了說明這一主題。10．What'stheauthor'sopiniononlearningdifferentdisplayrules?A．Ithelpshanddowncultures.B．It'stherequirementofglobaleconomy.C．Itoutweighslearningforeignlanguages.D．It'simportantformunicationacrosscultures.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“showagreatdealofrespect〞和“ahugesteptowardbridgingculturalgapswithlanguage〞可知，了解不同的文化表現(xiàn)規(guī)那么意義重大。11．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BodylanguageanditsmeaningB．TheculturalgapsindifferentplacesC．TheculturalaspectsofbodylanguageD．Howtogreetpeopleindifferentcultures解析：選C標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了文化對身體語言的影響，故C項作標題最貼切。DWearablesensors(傳感器)couldonedayinterpretthegesturesinsignlanguageandtranslatethemintoEnglish,providingahigh-techsolutiontomunicationproblemsbetweendeafpeopleandthosewhodon'tunderstandsignlanguage.EngineersatTexasA&MUniversityaredevelopingawearabledevicethatcansensemovementandmuscleactivityinaperson'sarms.Thedeviceworksbyfiguringoutthegesturesapersonismakingbyusingtwosetsofsensors:onethatrespondstothemotionofthewristandtheothertothemuscularmovementsinthearm.AprogramthenwirelesslyreceivesthisinformationandchangesthedataintotheEnglishtranslation.“Mostofthetechnologywasbasedonvision-orcamera-basedsolutions，〞saidstudyleadresearcherRoozbehJafari,anassociateprofessorofbiomedicalengineeringatTexasTheseexistingdesigns,Jafarisaid,arenotenough,becauseoftenwhensomeoneistalkingwithsignlanguage,heorsheisusinghandgesturesbinedwithspecificfingermovements.“Ithoughtmaybeweshouldlookintobiningmotionsensorsandmuscleactivation，〞JafaritoldLiveScience.“Andtheideaherewastobuildawearabledevice.〞Theresearchersbuiltasystemthatcanrecognizewordsthatpeopleusemostmonlyintheirdailyconversations.Jafarisaidthatoncetheteamstartsexpandingtheprogram,theengineerswillincludemorewordsthatarelessfrequentlyused,inordertobuildupamoresubstantialvocabulary.Onedrawbackofitisthatthesystemhastobe“trained〞torespondtoeachindividualthatwearsthedevice,Jafarisaid.Thistrainingprocessinvolvesaskingtheusertorepeatordoeachhandgestureacoupleoftimes,whichcantakeupto30minutestoplete.語篇解讀：得克薩斯農(nóng)工高校的工程師正在研發(fā)一種可穿戴設備：它能利用傳感器感應腕部和手臂的動作，并將其轉(zhuǎn)譯成英語。這將為失聰者和不懂手語的人供應便利。12．Howdoesthenewdevicework?A．Byfiguringoutgesturesfromfingers.B．Byconnectingthewristandthefingers.C．Bylinkingthearmandthefingers.D．Bycollectinginformationfromthewristandthearm.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，該設備配有兩套傳感裝置：一套感應腕部的動作，另一套感應手臂肌肉的動作。應選D項。13．Theresearcherseventuallydecidedonawearabledeviceto________.A．makeiteasiertomonitorthegestureswhenpeoplearetalkingB．makethetranslationprocessfasterC．petewithexistingdesignsD．makeituser-friendly解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和其次段第一句可知，討論人員打算研制可穿戴設備是為了使失聰者和不懂手語的人溝通時更便利監(jiān)測各種手勢。14．WecanreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph4by“________〞．A．necessary B．influentialC．extensive D．essential解析：選C詞義猜想題。依據(jù)第四段中的“...expandingtheprogram,...used...〞可知，目前這一設備只收錄了最常用的詞匯，將來還會收錄更多低頻使用的詞匯，由此可知，substantial在此表示“大量的〞。extensive意為“廣泛的；大量的〞。應選C項。15．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Thedevicehasgreatlyincreasedinsales.B．Thedevicestillrequiresmuchimprovement.C．Weshouldworkoutof30minutes.D．Weshouldbetrainedtorespondquickly.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段其次句“Thistrainingprocessinvolves...toplete.〞可知，要使用這一設備，使用者需要先把全部的手勢做幾遍，這是該設備的缺陷，由此可推想，該設備還有改良的空間。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。StopEatingYourselfStupidWeallknowthatpoornutritioncanleadtobadhealthandevenweightgain.Nowadd“l(fā)ackofintelligence〞tothegrowinglist.Arecentstudyhasfoundthatwhatyoueatcouldverylikelyplayaroleinhowsmartyouare.Accordingtothestudy,ratsfedwithahigh-fatdietfor10daysshowedsignsofweaknessandevenhadtroublefindingfoodthatwaswaitingforthem.__16__Actuallyahigh-fatdietcouldweakenourintelligence—butsocanalow-caloriediet.Thetrickappearstolieinfindinganicebalance.Herearewaystoachievethathappybalanceandmakeyousmarterthroughdiet,exerciseandimprovingyourbrainpower.Figureouthowmanycaloriesyouneedtomaintainyourweight.__17__Ifyouneedtodropafewpounds,takeawaythenumberyougetby400,andconsumethatnumberofcalorieseachdayuntilyoudroptheweight.__18__Aimforhealthyfoodsthatincludegoodamountsofprotein,fiber,fruitsandvegetables,healthywholegrains,healthyfatsandplentyofwater.Well!Don'tforgettoexerciseyourmindwhiledoingso.Readabook.Tryanewrecipe.Dosomepuzzles.__19__Exerciseregularlywithapositiveattitude.Aimforatleastthree30-minutetrainingsessionsaweek(butmoreisbetter).Ilikesimpleexercisesuchaswalking,butanythingthatraisestheheartrateisgood.__20__binethem!SomepeopleliketolistentoclassicalmusicsuchasBachorMozart,butrockmusicloverswillbehappytolearnthatthiskindofmusiccanhelpmakethemsmarteraswell.A．Youmaybefondofmusic,too.B．Yourhealthdependsonyourexerciseplan.C．Aimtogetthisamountofcalorieseachday.D．Don'tforgettoexerciseyourmindwhileplaying.E．Youmaybewonderingwhatthishastodowithus.F．Theseareallgoodwaystohelpincreaseyourintelligence.G．Eattherightfoodsinadditiontogettingtherightamountofcalories.答案：16～20ECGFAⅢ.完形填空(共20小題；，總分值30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項。Inanoldci