2021屆哈爾濱阿城區(qū)第一中學(xué)高三英語月考試卷及答案解析

2021屆哈爾濱阿城區(qū)第一中學(xué)高三英語月考試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ATherearedifferenttypesofmoney-savingapps,suchasJDFinance,Yu’EBao,AntFinancial,andallofthemworkindifferentways.Hereare3ofthebestappsthatcanhelpyousavemuchmoney.CapitalOneShoppingCapitalOneShoppingcancomparepricesautomaticallyasyoushoponline.Asyouadditemstoyourcartatanonlineseller,thisappwillsearchthewebforbetterdealsandcouponcodes（優(yōu)惠碼）.Youcanfollowthelinkstoothersellersofferingabetterpriceandusetheavailablecodestosave.Youcanevenusethisappwhileshoppingatphysicalshops.ParibusThere’snothingmoreupsettingthanbuyingsomethingandthenseeingitforsaleatalowerpriceafewdayslater.Wouldn’titbenicetogetthatmoneyback?Nowyoucan.Paribushelpsyougetmoneybackbytrackingyourpurchasesfrommajorstoresanddiscussingrefunds.Italsohelpsyougetcompensated（補償）forlatedeliveriesandmakessureyoudon’tleaveittoolatetoreturnanythingyoubought.DigitIfyoucan’tfigureouthowmuchyoucanaffordtosave,Digitwillanalyzeyourspendinghabitsandspareacertainamounttoyoursavings.Iftheappknowsyouhavesparemoneytosave,thenitwillbemovedautomatically,andifyoudon’t,itwillstop,sothere’snoriskofbeingleftwithnocashforthebasics.Youcansignupforafreetrialforamonth,andafterthat,themonthlyservicechargeis$5.Ifyouwantyourmoneyback,whatappwillyouchoose?A.Digit. B.Paribus. C.Yu’EBao. D.CapitalOneShopping.WhatcanyoudobyusingDigit?Offerthemostfavorableprice.Trackdetailedinformationofgoods.Analyzespendinghabitstosavemoney.Comparepricesofproductswhileshopping.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?Tointroduceusefulappsforsavingmoney.Toadvertisevariousproductsonline.Toimprovethepowerofspending.Tohelptomanagesparemoney.BChildren'saveragedailytimespentwatchingtelevisionorusingmobiledeviceincreasedfrom53minutesatage12monthstomorethan150minutesat3years,accordingtoananalysisbyresearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH).Byage8,childrenweremorelikelytologthehighestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninhome-basedchildrenorwereborntofirst-timemothers.“Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD).“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventions(干涉)toreducescreentimecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.”Intheresearch,mothersof4,000childrenrespondedtoquestionsontheirkids'mediahabitswhentheywere12,18,24,30,and36monthsofage.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaexposureforchildrenunder18monthsofage,introducingchildren18to24monthsofagetoscreenmediaslowly,andlimitingscreentimetoanhouradayforchildrenfrom2to5yearsofage.Inthecurrentstudy,researchersfoundthat87%ofthechildrenhadscreentimeexceeding(超過)theserecommendations.However,whilescreentimeincreasedthroughouttoddlerhood,byage7and8,screentimefelltounder1.5hoursperday.Theresearchersbelievethisdecreaserelatestotimeconsumedbyschool-relatedactivities.Thestudyauthorsclassifiedthechildrenintotwogroupsbasedonhowmuchtheiraveragedailyscreentimeincreasedfromage1toage3.Thefirstgroup,73%ofthetotalhadthelowestincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,27%ofthetotal,hadthehighestincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.Higherlevelsofparentaleducationwereassociatedwithloweroddsofinclusioninthesecondgroup.WhousemobiledevicelongestaccordingtotheNIH'sanalysis?10-year-oldborntofirst-timemothers.3-year-oldchildreninlowincomefamilies.8-year-oldchildreninhome-basedchildcare.1-year-oldchildrenwithparentspoorlyeducated.WhatdoestheresearchsuggestaccordingtoEdwina?Parentsshouldstoptheirchildrenusingmedia.Parentsshouldlimittheuseofdigitalmediathemselves.Parentsshouldreducetheirchildren'sscreentimeearlier.Parentsshouldavoidtheirchildrenusingdigitalmediaatinfancy（嬰兒期）.Whydoeschildren'sscreentimefallwhentheyage7and8?A.Theyarestudyingatschool. B.Theycancontrolthemselves.C.Theyaretiredofusingthem. D.Theyareforbiddentousethem.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitle?A.KeepAwayfromMedia B.ScreenHabitsBeginEarlyC.UrgencyofParentalEducation D.HarmofHome-basedChildcareCInastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,researchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence（AI）canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe（開處方）drugsthathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label”JustbecauseadrugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS（adiseaseofwomen）,andotherdiseases.Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelforpredictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,andpotentialconfounders（干擾因素）.Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionisidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes（紅疹）.Musicfestivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAItooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?Itissoldwithoutalabel.Itisavailableatalowprice.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthem .areusedoff-labeltreatrarediseasesresultinsleepissuesaremedicalbreakthroughsWhatcanbeinferredabout“confounders”?Theyarepossibletreatments.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.DLifeintheInternetageislonely—orisit?That’swhatexpertsinhumaninteractionaredebatingafteranewStanfordUniversitysurveyhasbeenpublished.Accordingtothestudy,themoretimepeoplespendonline,thelesstheycanspareforreal-liferelationshipswithfamilyandfriends.Theresearchersasked113peopleabouttheWeb’sinfluenceondailyactivities.36％ofthosepeopleareonlineformorethanfivehoursaweek.”AsInternetusebecomesmorewidespread,itwillhaveanincreasinglyisolating（孤立的）effectonsociety,”saysRobertKraut,oneoftheresearchers.ScholarsandWebloverscriticizedthestudyforstretchingitsdatatomakethe“isolating”point.While13％ofregularWebusersadmittedthelossoftimewithlovedones,60％reportedwatchinglessTV.ThesurveyalsoshowsthatE-mailisthemostpopularonlineactivity.Ifsomeofwebheads網(wǎng)蟲）spendwhatwasoncepassiveTVtimekeepingcompanywithfriendsviaE-mails,“that’samovetowardgreaterconnectedness,”saysPaulResnick,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.Thisisn’tthefirstclaimthattheWebshouldbecriticized.A1998reportmonitored73Pittsburgh-areafamilies’Netuseforayear.PeoplewhousedtheInternetmore“talkedlesstofamilymembersandreportedbeinglonelierandmoredepressed.”saysRobertKraut.“It’struethattherehavebeenbigdeclinesinsocialconnectednessoverthepastdecades,butthosedeclinesbeganbeforetheInternetwasinvented,”saysThomasPutnam.AsAmitayEtzionisays,theInternetgivesusadifferentkindofsociallife—notbetterorworsethanbefore,butjustdifferent.WhoclaimedthattheWebhadnegativeinfluence?A.PaulResnick. B.RobertKraut.C.ThomasPutnam. D.AmitayEtzioni.Theunderlinedword“This”inPara.4refersto.theopinionexpressedinBowlingAlonethesurveymadebytheUniversityofMichigantheconclusioninareportwrittenin1998thestudyconductedbyStanfordUniversityFromthepassagewelearnthat.watchingTVusedtotaketimeawayfromstayingonlinetheWebwasblamedmorethanonceforcausinganisolatingeffect36％ofwebusersspendmorethanfivehoursaweekonlinetheWebhasthesameinfluenceastelephonesandtelevisions15.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.howwecanmakeabetteruseoftheInternethowdeclinesinsocialconnectednessappearwhethertheInternetcausesanisolatingeffectwhatadifferentlifetheInternetbringstous第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Ifyoufeelanxioussocializingwithpeople,doinggooddeedsmayhelpyourelax.Scientistshavefoundthatkeepingbusywithactsofkindnesscanhelppeoplemixmoreeasilywithstrangersinsteadoftryingtoavoidthem.Theirstudycouldhelppeoplewhofeelfearfulinthecompanyofothersfeelbetterinsocialsituationssuchasparties,forexample. 16 ,peoplewhosufferfromsocialanxietywillmissthesupportgainedfromhavingrelationshipswithothersandtypicallyhavefewerfriends.CanadianresearchersfromSimonFraserUniversityandtheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadastudied155studentswhosaidtheyexperiencedhighlevelsofsocialanxiety. 17 .Onegroupperformedgooddeeds,suchasvoluntarilywashingupfriends’dishesordonatingtocharity. 18 ,whilethethirdgroupcarriedonwithlifeasnormal. 19 .Andthenewstudyshowedthatparticipantsinthegroupwhoactivelylendahelpinghandalsoexperiencedareductionintheirdesiretoavoidsocialsituations. 20 .“Usingthistechniquemayworkespeciallywellearlyonwhileparticipantsexpectpositivereactionsfromothersinresponsetotheirkindness,”saidresearchers.ByavoidingsocialsituationsYoumighthavebeentherebeforeTheywererandomlydividedintothreegroupsButresearchersbelievethatgooddeedscanleadtomoregooddeedsAnotherwasexposedtogooddeedsbutdidn’tperformanythemselvesResearcherssaythatgooddeedshelpwithfeelingsofpossibleanxietyandpainPerformingactsofkindnesstohelpothersisalreadyknowntoincreasehappiness第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Anyonewhohasevertravelledonairplanesknowshowannoyingdelays（延誤）are.Notonlydothey 21 usfromgettingwhereweneedtobe 22 ,theyarealsoreallyboring.That’swhysomeSouthwestAirlinesemployeestriedto 23 theirpassengerswhentheywerehitwithatwo-hourdelaybyholdinga（n） 24 driver’slicensephotocontest（比賽）!Kristen,apassenger,was 25 atfirstwhenherflightwasdelayedforseveralhours.However,heranger 26 whenthegateagentannouncedthestartofa(n) 27 gamecalled“Winaprizefortheworstdriver’slicensepicture”.“MyflighttoWashington,D.C.hadbeendelayedforalmosttwoandahalfhoursandIwasgettingheateduntilthisgateagent 28 playinggameswitheveryonewaitingtopassthetime,afterwhichIstartedthinkingI’llbewillingto 29 hereallnightifyoukeepthisup,”Kristenwroteinherpost,addingthegamewas 30 .Kristen,whowas 31 toWashington,D.C.fromOrlandotovisitfriends,praisedSouthwestAirlinesinherpost,andsomeonefromthecompanyquickly 32 .“I’mgladouragentwasabletomakethedelayalittlemore 33 foryouall,Kristen!We 34 tohaveyouonyourwayassoonaspossible,”thespokespersonsaid,addingwhenKristenaskedthecompanyto 35 theprizetotheOrlando-basedteam,“sendoveryourconfirmation,andI’llbesuretheygettherecognitiontheydeserve!”WhenKristenlaterdescribedher 36 toreporters,shesaid 37 fortheworstphotosincludedSouthwestproductsand$25vouchers(代金券)towardfutureflights.“Iwasreallyannoyedthattheflightkeptgettingdelayed,”Kristensaid.“Oncehestartedplayinggames,Iwas 38 andhavingagreattimeanddidn’teven 39 thattheflightwasdelayed.”Nowondersomanypeople 40 Southwest!21.A.preventB.freeC.separateD.rescue22.A.inturnB.onpurposeC.ontimeD.inshort23.A.announceB.entertainC.urgeD.drop24.A.bestB.earliestC.largestD.worst25.A.confusedB.angryC.frightenedD.patient26.A.boiledB.returnedC.disappearedD.remained27.A.funnyB.finalC.differentD.important28.A.consideredB.continuedC.admittedD.started29.A.sleepB.waitC.performD.work30.A.amazingB.challengingC.disappointingD.disturbing31.A.movingB.runningC.flyingD.driving32.A.doubtedB.decidedC.apologizedD.replied33.A.competitiveB.bearableC.accessibleD.practicalA.agreeB.regretC.hopeD.volunteerA.showB.presentC.winD.buyA.imaginationsB.conditionC.concernsD.experienceA.prizesB.plansC.servicesD.appealsA.wavingB.shoutingC.laughingD.dancingA.knowB.suspectC.mentionD.mindA.loveB.understandC.needD.follow第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分滿分15分）,閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Intheearly1990s,somethinghappenedtoIndia'svultures(禿鷹).Inlessthanadecade,thethreemostcommonIndianvulturespeciesdeclinedby95percent.Thewhite-backedIndia’svulturepopulation,___41.___wasoncethemostcommonlargebirdofpreyonearth,fellbyanincredible99.9percent.Itwasoneofthefastest___42.___(collapse)ofanybirdspeciesinhistory.Scientistseventuallytracedthecauseto___43.___pain-killingdrugcalleddiclofenac,whichwasused 44. (treat)sicklivestock.Althoughsafeforcows,itisdeadlytovultures.Tostopthedecline,India’sgovernment___45.___(ban)thedrug’suseonanimalsin2006.Today,Indianvulturedeclineisslowing.ConservationistsarenowworriedsomethingsimilarmaybehappeninginAfrica.Thecontinenthasalreadylostoneof___46.___(it)elevenvulturespecieswithsevenothers___47.___(endanger).AswithIndia,amajorthreatispoisoning.Inruralcommunities,whenalionattacksacow,thefarmersoftenputpoisoninthecow’sdeadbody.However,vulturesalsodie