高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件

SubjunctiveMood虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)過(guò)去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.過(guò)去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。

★Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.

如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話(huà)，我們就出去野餐了。★Ifhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.

如果他來(lái)這，他就能夠幫助你了。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬

★Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.

要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話(huà)，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。★

Ifhehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.

今天早上，她要是不叫我的話(huà)，我就會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。

與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬

Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeetingtillnextweekIfitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬2.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1).

由動(dòng)詞（一個(gè)堅(jiān)持,兩個(gè)命令,三個(gè)建議,四個(gè)要求）引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+V.或者省略should,即

1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,askWeinsistedtheynotbepresentatsuchgathering.Heorderedthatall(should)takepartinthework.Hesuggestedwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)havelunchwiththem.注意:當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示,表明”insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí),不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.2)在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中:Myadviceisthathewaittillnextweek.Hersuggestionisthatweshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart.Thegeneral’sorderwasthatallthesoldiersreachtheborderintenhours.3).在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion

等引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句中：WeallagreetohissuggestionthatwegototheHappyValleyforanouting.Ordercamethatthesoldiersbesenttotheborder.Hereisthedoctor’sadvicethatyoushouldtakethemedicine4timesaday.4).在Itis

suggested/requested/demandedordered/required/desired/proposed/advised/insisted

+that此類(lèi)主語(yǔ)從句中,從句用

(should)+動(dòng)詞原形:It’ssuggestedthatthemeeting(should)

beputofftillnextweek.Itwasorderedthatthewoundedbesenttothefieldhospitalatonce.Itisrequiredthatstudents

shouldturnofflightswhenleavingclassroom.二.虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型:1).wish的賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在:

過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去:

過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)未來(lái):

would/could/might+V.(原)

shouldIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfoodyesterday.IwishIwouldbeascientist.2).wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去:未來(lái):★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcome

yesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)3).asif/though+表語(yǔ)從句

現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeen

friendsforyears.4).It’s(high)time+that過(guò)去時(shí)(were)Should(不省)+V.你該走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。It’stimethatwe

went

tobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.5).It’snecessary/strange/important/natural/apity/nowonder/impossible+that從句，從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形★

Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.★

Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.★

It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.注意：Itis+adj./n.+that

句型也可不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.6).虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于Ifonly

引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中,表示“要是。。。就好了”IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!=HowIwishIwereaflyingbird!IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!=HowIwishIhadseenthefilm!IfonlyIhadknownhistelephonenumber!7).如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were，had和should時(shí)，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去，多見(jiàn)于書(shū)面語(yǔ)?！?/p>

Hadyounothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.

要是沒(méi)有你的幫助，我就失敗了。

★

Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.

假如你處在我的地位，你也會(huì)這樣干的?！?/p>

Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.

假如他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。8).在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣:Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp,…=Withoutyourhelp,…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…9).otherwise和supposing也可以引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如：Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea.I’mgettingcold,otherwiseIwouldkeepher.Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere,whatwouldtheythink?10).混合型的條件句當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）?！颒ewouldpassthetest

ifhehadtakenmyadvice．如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試?！?/p>

IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.

假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了?！?/p>

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavebrokentheglass.

假如我是你，我當(dāng)時(shí)就不會(huì)打破那杯子。

IfIhadhadenoughtime,I___mywork.

A.wouldfinishB.musthavefinished

D.hadfinishedC.wouldhavefinished

CExercise2.Tenminutesearlier,they___theplane.

A.willcatch

B.wouldcatchC.wouldhavecaught

D.willhavecaughtC3.MrGreenrequiresthatthestudents___acompositioneveryotherweek.

A.write

B.writen

C.wouldwrite

D.willwrite4.Hadhestudiedhard,he___theexam.

A.wouldpass

B.couldpass

C.hadpassed

D.wouldhavepassed

AD5.IwishI___whatishappeningthereinhisroom.

A.know

B.known

C.knew

D.shouldknow6.Itisimportantthatyou___sportseveryday.

A.have

B.wouldhave

C.musthave

D.willhaveCA7.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything___.

A.willdie

B.woulddie

C.wouldhavedied

D.wouldhavebeendead

B8.___whatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.A.HadIknown

B.IfIknow

D.IfhadIknownC.IfIknew

A9.Heorderedthatthework___rightaway.

A.shouldfinish

B.finished

C.wouldbefinished

D.befinished10.___inyourposition,Iwouldhelphim.

A.WasI

B.WereI

C.IfIam

D.IfIhadbeen

DB11.—Shallwegotothemovietonight?

—No,I'drather___athomewithourbaby.You'dbetternotleaveittothebabysitteratnight.A.youstayed

B.youstay

C.stayed

D.stayA12.MrsBlackinsists___inthatoldhotel.

A.nottostay

B.notstaying

C.stayingnot

D.thatshenotstay13.Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwould___.

A.understandit

B.haveunderstood

C.beunderstood

D.havebeenunderstood

DD14.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.A.haven‘twatched

B.hadn’twatched

C.didn‘twatch

D.wouldn'thavewatched15.TheforeignfriendspeaksChinesesowellasifhe___aChinese.

A.is

B.be

C.shouldbe

D.wereBD16.—Ifhe___,he___thatfood.

—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned;wouldnottake

B.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken

C.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken

D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken

C1.Ifyou__________(arrive)tenminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.2.It'stimethatwe_____________(go)totherailwaystation.3.Ifthey___________(nothelp)us,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.

hadarrivedhadn'thelpedwent/shouldgo填空4.You'refiveminuteslate.Isuggestedthatyou_________(come)earliertomorrow.

5.Matheroftentellsusthatitisnecessarythatwe__________(drink)aglassofwaterafterwegetup.(should)come(should)drink6.Sheinsistedthatshe______(send)toworkinthefarawaysmalltown.7.______Inot______(forget)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhaverunghim.8.Heisbusynow.Ifhe___(be)free,he______(go)withyou.wouldgoforgotten

(should)besent

Hadwere9.Themanagerwasinhisofficethen.Ifhe_________(be)here,everything__________________(settle)inaminute.10.Noisyasitwas,hewentonreadingasifnothing_________(happen).

wouldhavenbeensettled

werehappeninghadbeen虛擬語(yǔ)氣專(zhuān)練(2)

1.——Didyousubmit(遞交）yourapplicationforaMaster’sdegree(碩士學(xué)位）？——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.”A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone2.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI____.A.DoB.wouldC.willD.hadDD3.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve_____brokenthelivingroomwindow.A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas4._______I’dhavetoldyou.A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownitC.HadIknownitD.ShouldIknowitCC6.——Itisraining,andIhavenoumbrella.——Here’smine,andIinsist____it.A.youtotakeB.thatyoutakeC.thatyoutakingD.youtaking7.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest____before5:30.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.shallfinishBA8.Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI_____anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo9.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went10.Shespeaksasifshe____onthespot.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.isACB11.IfI______tenyearsyounger,I_____veryhappy.A.were,wouldbeB.am,shallbeC.were,shallbeD.am,wouldbe12.——Youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp.——Heisnotathome.Ifhe____,I_____.A.is,wouldB.were,wouldC.is,willD.were,will13.Ifyou____thedoctorsadvice,youwouldhavealreadyrecovered.A.followB.followedC.wouldfollowD.hadfollowedABD14.Ifhehadnotmissedthetrain,he_____bythen.A.mightgetB.mighthavegotC.gotD.hadgot15.Whatwouldyouhavedonelastnight,ifyou_____towriteyourhomework.A.hadn’tB.haven’thadC.didn’thaveD.hadn’thad16.——Didyoucatchtheplane?——No.ifIhadhurried,I______.A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.couldD.didBDB17.Whydidn’tyoutellhimthetruth?IfI_____you,Iwouldhave.A.wereB.hadbeenC.amD.wouldbe18.——Howdoyouliketheparty?——Wonderful.Ifyouhadcomewithus,you____agoodtime.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.wouldhavehad19.IfI_____outofmyink,Iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper.A.didn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.haven’trunD.hadn’trunBDD20.Ifyou_____earlytomorrowmorning,youwouldbetherebynoon.A.havestartedB.werestartedC.weretostartD.hadstarted21.——Didyouhandinyourapplicationforaleaguemember?——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone22.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI_____.A.doB.wouldC.willD.hadCDD23.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve____brokenthelivingroomwindow.A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas24.______I’dhavetoldyou.A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownitC.HadIknownitD.shouldIknowitCC虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)（3）1Hesuggestedthatthemeeting

putoff.

A.no