名校版初中英語易錯詞匯詳細(xì)辨析

名校版初中英語易錯詞匯詳細(xì)辨析1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞clothing服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,accidentincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,numberamount后接不可數(shù)名詞，number后接可數(shù)名詞anumberofstudents4.family,house,homehome家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員。Myfamilyisahappyone.5.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.photo,picture,drawingphoto用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,wordvocabulary詞匯，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞Hehasalargevocabulary.8.population,peoplepopulation人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climateweather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,wayroad具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑takethisroad;inthestreet,Showmethewaytothemuseum.11.course,subjectcourse課程(可包括多門科目)，subject科目(具體的學(xué)科)asummercourse12.custom,habitcustom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接todo，habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise運動，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)。Practicemakesperfect.15.class,lesson作“課”解時，兩者可以替換。指課文用lesson.指班級或全體學(xué)生用class.Lesson6;Class516.speech,talk,lecturespeech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課aseriesoflectureon…17.officer,officialofficer部隊的軍官，official政府官員anarmyofficer18.work,job二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù)agoodjob。19.couple,paircouple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,landcountry側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國土，國家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cookercook廚師，cooker廚具Heisagoodcook.22.damage,damagesdamage不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失;damages復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金$900damages23.police,policemanpolice警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman指某個具體的警察Tblem,questionproblem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為thinkabout,solve,raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask,answer連用。25.man,amanman人類，aman一個男人Manwillconquernature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.telegram,telegraph當(dāng)電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph28.trip,journey,travel,voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip29.sport,gamesport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則Hisfavoritesportisswimming.30.price,prizeprice價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof許多，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。thenumberof…的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof范圍外的前面，inthefrontof范圍內(nèi)的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.33.oftheday,ofadayoftheday每一天的，當(dāng)時的，當(dāng)代的，ofaday暫時的，不長久的afamousscientistoftheday34.threeofus,thethreeofusthreeofus我們(不止三個)中的三個，thethreeofus我們?nèi)齻€(就三個人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.35.bybus,onthebusbybus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，onthebus表范圍Theywenttherebybus.36.foramoment,forthemomentforamoment片刻，一會兒，forthemoment暫時，一時Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyearnextyear明年，將來時間狀語，thenextyear第二年，過去將來時間狀語Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38.morethanayear,morethanoneyearmorethanayear一年多，morethanoneyear超過一年(兩年或三年等)39.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advicetakeadvice征求意見，taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.40.takeair,taketheairtakeair傳播，走漏，taketheair到戶外去，散步Wetaketheaireveryday.41.inaword,inwordsinaword總之，一句話，inwords口頭上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceofinplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.43.insecret,inthesecretinsecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語;inthesecret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirlagirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一個女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?45.takeachair,takethechairtakeachair相當(dāng)于sitdown坐下，takethechair開始開會46.gotosea,bysea,bytheseagotosea出航或是當(dāng)水手，bysea經(jīng)海路，bythesea在海邊47.wear,puton,dresswear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等，可用進行時，dress接人，bedressedin,puton表動作It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.48.listen,hearlisten強調(diào)動作，hear強調(diào)結(jié)果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.49.careabout,careforcareabout關(guān)心，計較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;carefor關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.50.inchargeof,inthechargeofinchargeof管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclassinclass在課上，intheclass在班級里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefireonfire著火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.53.outofquestion,outofthequestionoutofquestion毫無疑問的，outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecondasecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.55.byday,bythedaybyday白天，bytheday按天計算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeoplethepeople指人，apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.57.it,oneit同一物體，one同類不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的Iwasill.That'swhy….59.none,nothing,noonenone強調(diào)有多少，nothing,noone強調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.60.anyone,anyoneanyone指人，不能接of，anyone指人物均可，可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,whatwho指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.62.what,whichwhat的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進行選擇Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?63.other,anotherother后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù)otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notalittle,notabitnotalittle非常，notabit一點也不I'mnotabittired.我一點兒也不累。65.many,much,alotofmany和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，alotof可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.66.muchmore…than,manymore…thanmuchmore…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，manymore…than后接可數(shù)名詞manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful67.no,notno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethannomorethan相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超過69.majority,mostmajority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可themajorityofpeople70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneselfbyoneself單獨的，獨自的，foroneself為自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的，自動的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterallatall根本，全然,afterall到底，畢竟Afterallheisachild.72.tall,hightall常指人或動物，high常指物體Heistall.73.fast,quicklyfast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly74.high,highlyhigh具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepysleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.77.gold,goldengold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用goldfish,agoldring78.most,mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分，是副詞mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…79.just,veryjust表強調(diào)時是副詞，作狀語，very表強調(diào)時是形容詞，用作定語theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broadwide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broadshoulders81.real,truereal真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合realgold,atruestory82.respectful,respectablerespectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged83.outwards,outward二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞anoutwardvoyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant常用作定語，pleased,pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.85.understanding,understandableunderstanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable可理解的，能夠懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closelyclose接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地closelyconnected,standclose87.ill,sickill做表語，sick定，表均可asickboy88.good,wellgood形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞Heiswellagain.89.quiet,silent,stillquiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動，still完全不動，完全無聲響Hestandtherestill.他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。90.hard,hardlyhard努力，hardly幾乎不workhard,Icanhardlybelieveit.91.able,capableable與不定式todo連用，capable與of連用Heiscapableofdoing…92.almost,nearly二者均為“幾乎,差不多”和否定詞連用用almostalmostnobody93.late,latelylate遲，晚，lately最近，近來Ihaven'tseenhimlately.94.living,alive,live,livelyliving,alive,live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeople95.excited,excitingexcited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.96.deep,deeplydeep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep97.aloud,loudaloud出聲地，loud大聲地readaloud(出聲地讀)98.worth,worthy二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接tobedone99catchacold,haveacoldcatchacold不能和表示“一段時間”的狀語連用，而haveacold可以Shehashadacoldforaweek.100.changefor,changeintochangefor調(diào)換成，changeinto變成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.101.continue,last二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動，被動均可，last只能用主動Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.102.feed,raisefeed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng)(togivefoodto)，raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily103.goforadoctor,gotoadoctorgoforadoctor去請醫(yī)生，gotoadoctor去看病104.notice,observe,catchsightofnotice注意到，observe觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catchsightof突然看到observethestars105.insiston,sticktoinsiston堅持要求，后常接doing,stickto堅持,后常接sth.,sticktotheplan106.look,seem,appearlook指從外表上看，seem指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear指給人以表面的印象appearwise,looklikehisfather107.gather,collectgather把分散的東西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有選擇地進行收集collectstamps108.meantodo,meandoingmeantodo打算，想要做某事，meandoing意思是，意味著BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.109.diefrom,dieofdiefrom表示死于(槍)傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，dieof表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素dieofhungerandcold110.payfor,payback,payoffpayfor為…付錢，p