動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法及練習(xí)題(經(jīng)典)

動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法2021/5/911.–ing分詞的構(gòu)成主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否定式:not+--ing/nothaving(been)done不是havingnot(been)done2021/5/922.一般式和完成式的用法--ing分詞的一般式表示和謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；完成式表示先于謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：

Walkingalongthestreet,hecaughtsightofanoldfriendofhis.

Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.2021/5/933.---ing分詞的被動(dòng)式

當(dāng)－ing分詞與它的邏輯主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，需要用被動(dòng)形式。根據(jù)－ing分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，－ing分詞的被動(dòng)式分為一般被動(dòng)式(beingdone)和完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone),如：

Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher,heworksevenharder.2021/5/94

4.---ing分詞的句法功能---ing分詞作主語

LearningEnglishhasbecomeapartofhislife.

Itisnouse

tryingtorepairtheship.Theseholesaremuchtoobig.2)---ing分詞作賓語以下動(dòng)詞必須跟---ing分詞作賓語：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/escape/excuse//fancy/finish/imagine/keep/mind/miss/postpone/putoff/practise/resist/risk/stand/stop/suggest/giveup/cannothelp(禁不?。?021/5/95要點(diǎn)講解避免錯(cuò)過少延期

avoidmissputoff/postpone建議完成多練習(xí)

suggestfinishpractise喜歡想像禁不住

enjoyimaginecan’thelp承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒

admitdenyenvy逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒

escaperiskexcuse忍受保持不介意

standkeepmindMakethemeasierforyoutoremember!tips英語中某些及物動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，這類動(dòng)詞是：advise,delay,appreciate,consider,beworth,feellikeetc.2021/5/96

todosth.

doingsth.forgetrememberregretmeangoonstoptry忘記去做某事忘記已經(jīng)做過某事記住去做某事記住曾做過某事遺憾去做某事后悔做過某事打算/想做某事意味著做某事（做完某事）接著去做另一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事努力去做某事試著做某事停下來去做另一件事停止做一件事2021/5/973）--ing分詞作表語。如：

Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.Themusictheyareplayingsoundssoexciting.

注：一般來講，--ing分詞作表語有兩種情況，一是名詞性，這時(shí)主語和表語可以互換。即：Playingallkindsofmusicisourjob.二是形容詞性，表示主語的性質(zhì)和特征，主表不可互換。

2021/5/984）-ing分詞作定語可以表示

(1)所修飾名詞的用途。如：

awaitingroom(=aroomforwaiting)候車室

awalkingstick(=astickforwalking)手杖

asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)臥車（2）所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如：

excitingnews令人激動(dòng)的消息

amovingstory一個(gè)令人感動(dòng)的故事

2021/5/99注：分詞短語作定語須放在所修飾詞之后，例如：themanstandingatthegate=themanwhoisstandingatthegate

另外，-ing分詞的完成式不能作定語。例如不可以說：Themanhavingwrittenmanybooksisaformerstudentofourschool.應(yīng)改為Themanwhohaswrittenmanybooksis…(3)所修飾名詞正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可以換成定語從句形式。如：

asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)

正睡覺的孩子

awalkingman(=amanwhoiswalking)

正散步的男人2021/5/910

5)在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官動(dòng)詞后可以用-ing形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。這時(shí)-ing形式和句子的賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且-ing形式表示賓語正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：

Hesawaboyclimbingthetree.Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?有人敲門你聽見了嗎?Compare:Didyounoticeaman

enter

theroomjustnow?你注意到有個(gè)人剛才進(jìn)了屋子嗎？2021/5/9116)-ing分詞作狀語

(1)-ing分詞在句中可以作伴隨狀語，常放于句后，表示主語正在進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)動(dòng)作，來對謂語表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃髦饕阋r。如：

Theysatinfrontofthebuilding,laughingandchatting.Heworkedlateyesterday,preparingforthelecture.(2)-ing分詞可以作時(shí)間狀語，常放在句首，如：

(When)Walkinginthestreet,Icaughtsightofatailor'sshop.

2021/5/912(3)-ing分詞可以作原因狀語，常放句首。如：

Beingill,hecan'tgotoschool.

Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn'tgetintouchwithher.

Havinglivedinthecityformanyyears,heknowsitverywell.(After)Finishingmywork,Iwentout.Havingtoldusafunnystory,theteacherwentontoexplainthetexttous2021/5/913(4)-ing分詞可以作條件狀語，常放句首。

Turningtotheright,you’llfindthepostofficethere.(5)-ing分詞可以作結(jié)果狀語，常放句末。

Heturnedoffthelight,seeingnothing.2021/5/9145.-ing分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)物主代詞/人稱代詞/名詞所屬格或普通名詞+ing分詞(1)作主語（須用物主代詞或名詞所屬格）His/Tom’snotbeingchosenmadeusdisappointed.(2)作賓語(除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用普通名詞或代詞賓格）

Hewasawakenedbysomeone’s

knockingatthedoor.Theyhaveneverforgiven

usgoingthere.Wedon’tmind

himexplainingitagain.Myfriendcan’tunderstand

yourtreatinghimlikethat.2021/5/915(3)作狀語（須用普通名詞或主格代詞,亦稱獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）Timepermitting,we’lldealwiththetext.Theboywasplayingwithaball,hismotherstandingnearby.典型錯(cuò)誤：Readinginbedinmyroom,someoneknockedatthedoor.應(yīng)改為：Readinginbedinmyroom,Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Ireadinginbedinmyroom,someoneknockedatthedoor.2021/5/916Walkingacrossthestreet,acarknockedhimdown.應(yīng)改為：Walkingacrossthestreet,

he

wasknockeddownbyacar.Hewalkingacrossthestreet,acarknockedhimdown.2021/5/917___moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetterA.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven2.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedDwaspreparingBAC2021/5/9184.She’supstairs___letters.A.writesB.iswritingC.writeDwriting5.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,__thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedDC2021/5/9196.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid___tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointedangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing8.Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened9.Thefirsttextbooks___forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

ADD2021/5/92011.Doyouknowtheboy__underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying12.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed13.---Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?---I’dliketohavethispackage______,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed14.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself___.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard

DDDB2021/5/92115.Themissingboyswerelastseen__neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay16.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught___andletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing17.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied19.Shesetoutsoonafterdark___homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrivedADDD2021/5/92220.Johnwasmade__thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing21.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget___bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay22.Mr.Smithwarnedherdaughter___afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.everdriveCAA2021/5/92325.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,__itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake26.Shepretended__mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen27.Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers__abicycle.A.ride,rideB.riding,rideC.ride,torideD.toride,ridingAAC2021/5/92428.LittleJimshouldlove___tothetheatrethismorning.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking29.Iwouldlove___tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone31.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident___losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoastoABB2021/5/92533.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.----Oh,Iforgot____.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff34.IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailedCC2021/5/92635.Iwouldappreciate__backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling37.___isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk38.---Imustapologizefor___aheadoftime.---That’sallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknowCBB2021/5/92742.–Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret__that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.havingdone43.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donottoDA2021/5/92844.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating45.___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolost46.Robertissaid___abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudied.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyingCCA2021/5/92948.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading49.Thesentencewants___oncemore.A.explainedB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.toexplain50.Clumbuswasconsidered___thegreatlandofAmerica.A.havingdiscoveredB.discoveringC.tohavediscoveredD.todiscoverDBC2021/5/93051.____fromsomanyapple,Ithink,theseonthetablearemuchbetterthantheothers.A.HavingchosenB.ChosenC.BeingchosenD.Choose52.Herskirthasbecomeloose.Sheseems____weight.A.toloseB.thatshehaslostC.tohavelostD.tobelosing53.Thehighway____tothecityisunderrepairnow.