2023屆天一大聯(lián)考廣東省高三年級(jí)模擬考試(三)英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)天一大聯(lián)考2022—2023學(xué)年廣東高三年級(jí)模擬考試(三)英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí).選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AImagineaworldwherekindnessrules,wherepeoplehelptheirneighbors,andwherecommunitiesgathertocreatepositivechangeintheworldtogether.Butyoudon’thavetoimagineit,foryoucanliveitbyjoiningmillionsofotherlike-mindedchangemakersonGoodDeedsDay(GDD).ThisglobaldayofvolunteeringfallsonApril16in2023.Howitbegan“Ibelievethatifpeoplethinkgood,speakgoodanddogood,thecirclesofgoodnesswillgrowintheworld,”saidShariArison,philanthropist,businesswoman,andthefounderofGDD.That’swhatledtothecreationofGDDwhichbeganinjustonecountryin2007andwentglobalin2011.Thisglobaldayofhelpingothershasunitedmillionsofpeoplefrom108countriesinorganizingdoinggoodprojects,improvingtheircommunitiesandprovidinginspirationtodogoodonGDDandeveryday.Activitiesrangefromsmallprojectslikepaintingacommunitycenterorblooddrivestolargeprojectslikeamassivebeachclean-upinGreecein2022.WhileGDDwentvirtualin2020,therearemanylargecommunityeventsplannedfor2023.HowtotakepartGetinvolvedinGDDinthreeeasysteps.Savethedateonyourphoneorcomputer,registeronthewebsite,andthenlettheGDDpeopleknowwhatyouareplanningtodo.YoucanfindavolunteeropportunitythroughPointsofLight,anonprofitorganization.AnotherresourceisVolunteerMatch,anonprofitthatmatchesvolunteerswithcausestheysupport.Whateverprojectyouparticipateinwillmakeadifferencetoaperson,acommunity,oreventheworld.1.WhatwillyoudoinaGDDproject?A.Joinaclub. B.Meetsomefamouspeople.C.Dovoluntarywork. D.Visitacommunity.2.WhatcontributedtothefoundingofCDD?A.Asimilarevent. B.Thelike-mindedchangemakers.C.Thecommunities’inspiration. D.Thefounder’sbelief.3.HowcanyouparticipateinCDD?A.Bycallingthepersonincharge.B.Byregisteringonthewebsiteasscheduled.C.Bymatchingvolunteerswithcauses.D.ByknowingwhattheGDDpeoplearedoing.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了國(guó)際“行善日”的由來(lái)，組織活動(dòng)及參與方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Activitiesrangefromsmallprojectslikepaintingacommunitycenterorblooddrivestolargeprojectslikeamassivebeachclean-upinGreecein2022.”（活動(dòng)范圍從小型項(xiàng)目，如粉刷社區(qū)中心或獻(xiàn)血活動(dòng)，到大型項(xiàng)目，如2022年在希臘進(jìn)行的大規(guī)模海灘清理。）可知，在該項(xiàng)目中你能夠做力所能及的志愿活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句““Ibelievethatifpeoplethinkgood,speakgoodanddogood,thecirclesofgoodnesswillgrowintheworld,”saidShariArison,philanthropist,businesswoman,andthefounderofGDD.That’swhatledtothecreationofGDDwhichbeganinjustonecountryin2007andwentglobalin2011.”（“我相信，如果人們想得好、說得好、做得好，世界上善良的圈子就會(huì)擴(kuò)大，”慈善家、女商人、GDD的創(chuàng)始人莎莉·阿里森說。這就是GDD誕生的原因，它于2007年在一個(gè)國(guó)家開始，并于2011年走向全球。）可知，國(guó)際行善日的誕生來(lái)自于創(chuàng)始人莎莉·阿里森堅(jiān)定的信念。故選D項(xiàng)。3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Savethedateonyourphoneorcomputer,registeronthewebsite,andthenlettheGDDpeopleknowwhatyouareplanningtodo.”（把日期保存在你的手機(jī)或電腦上，在網(wǎng)站上注冊(cè)，然后讓GDD的人知道你打算做什么。）可知，若想?yún)⑴c該項(xiàng)目，則需要如期在網(wǎng)站上注冊(cè)登記。故選B項(xiàng)。BIndeedlonelinessisnowwidelyrecognizedasamajorpublichealthproblem.Whatisperhapslessobviousisoneanswertotheproblem:thehealingpowerofpoetrytomakeusfeelmoreconnectedtoothers.Herethingsgetpersonal.1firstgotinvolvedinhowpoetrycansupportouremotionalwellbeingafterIwroleamemoir,BlackRainbow:HoneWordsHealedMe—MyJourneyThroughDepression,in2014abouthowpoetryhelpedmethroughtwoseriousperiodsofdepression.Sincethen,I’vebeenrunningHealingWordspoetrysessionsformentalhealthcharitiesandprisons,andhavediscoveredfirst-handthelovelyfeelingofcompanionshipwhichpoetrycanbring.Poetryletsusconnectwithotherpeoplewhohaveexperiencedsimilaremotions.We’renotaloneinourdespairordelight.Whenwehaveapoembyourside,whethertuckedintoabagoronabedsidetable,itfeelslikewe’rebeingaccompaniedbyafriend:anauthorialarmiswrappedaroundourshoulders.IrememberonewomanstartingtocryasshereadDerekWalcott’spoem“LoveAfterLove”duringaworkshopheldatmylocalhospitalinWestLondon.Fightingthroughtears,sheeventuallysaid,“Ifeelunderstood.”Everyoneintheroomknewexactlywhatshemeant.Shehad,inWalcott’sphrase,struggledto“l(fā)oveagainthestrangerwhowasyourself”.Thepoet’sinvitationto“Sit.Feastonyourlife”wasthecomfortsheneeded,inalanguagewhichspoketoher,toimaginelovingherselfinawayshehadalwaysfoundhard.Poetryhadworkeditsmagic,unlockingafeelingofinnerconnection,andinturnaconnectiontoallofussittingintheworkshop.Givenmyownexperience,Ithinkhavingapoemtokeepuscompanycanhelpusallfeelagreatersenseofbelonging.4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoingtofightagainstloneliness?A.Researchingtheproblem. B.Appreciatingpoetry.C.Strengtheningdignity. D.Connectingwithothers.5.Howdoeshavingapoemathandmakeyoufeelaccordingtotheauthor?A.Sociallyaccepted. B.Literarilyknowledgeable.C.Financiallyadmired. D.Emotionallycomfortable.6.Whydidthewomanstarttocryintheworkshop?A.Becausethepoemtouchedhersoul.B.Becauseshewasforcedtoreadthepoem.C.Becauseshestruggledtounderstandothers.D.Becauseshefailedtoworkoutthepoem’smagic.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Thehealingpowerofpoemscuresillnesses.B.Readingcanmakeusfeelindependentofothers.C.Poetrycanimproveouremotionalwell-being.D.Connectionleadstoagreatsenseofbelonging.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】請(qǐng)審核老師返回沒做完【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“

（）”可知，。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“（）

”可知，。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“（）”可知，。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“（）”可知，。故選C。CSmartphoneshavechangedlivesinsomanyways.Theyhelppeoplecommunicate,navigate,remembertopickupthelaundry,andmore.Now,smartphonesmayalsohelpkeeppeoplesafewhiletheytravel.Arecentstudy,publishedinthejournalNatureCommunicationsEngineering,ledbyresearchersfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology’sSenseableCityLaboratory,hasshownthatsmartphonesensorsarenearlyasgoodatcollectinginformationaboutbridgesafetyassensors.TheresearchersconductedthestudyontheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,CaliforniaandasmallerbridgeinCiampino,Italy.TheresearchersdroveovertheGoldenGateBridge,theirsensorappsrunning,onehundredandtwotimes.Theyalsogavetheapptoseventy-twodriverswhoregularlycrossthebridgeoverthecourseoftheirdays.Oncetheyhadthedatafromthephones,theycomparedthatdatatotheinformationfromtwohundredandfortysensorsthathadbeenplacedonthebridge.Surprisingly,theyfoundthatthedatafromtheirphonesprettymuchmatchedthedatafromthesensors.InItaly,theresearcherscollectedthedatafromtwohundredandeightytripsacrossthebridge,andcomparedittothedatafromsixsensorsthathadbeenplacedonthebridge.Thoughtheresultsdifferedabit,theresultswerestillquitesimilar.“Westillhaveworktodo,butwebelievethatourapproachcouldbescaledupeasily—allthewaytothelevelofanentirecountry,”toldaresearcher.“Itmightnotreachtheaccuracythatonecangetusingfixedsensorsinstalledonabridge,butitcouldbecomeaveryinterestingearly-warningsystem.Smalldifferencescouldthensuggestwhentocarryoutfurtheranalyses.”Millionsofsmartphone-carryingpeopledriveoverbridgeseveryday.Ifthenewmethodisputintouseitwillgoalongwaytowardsmakingbridgesmuchsafer.8.Whatistherecentstudyabout?ASmartphonescanchangepeople’severydaylife.B.Smartphonescanentertainpeopleinmanyways.C.Smartphonesmaykeeppeoplecomfortableontheroad.D.Smartphonescandetecttheconditionofbridges.9.Whydoestheauthormention“SanFrancisco”and“Ciampino”inparagraph2?A.Topresentthelocationsofthestudy. B.Totellhowthestudywascarriedout.C.Tostresstheaccuracyofthedata. D.Tomakeacomparison.10.Howdidtheresearchersgettheresultofthestudy?A.Byfixingsensorappsoncertainbridges.B.Bycomparingdatafromtwodifferentsources.C.Bycollectinginformationaboutbridgesafety.D.Byreferringtodifferentdrivers’comments.11.Whatdotheresearchersthinkoftheirbridge-detectingapproach?A.It’stime-consuming. B.It’schallenging.C.It’spromising. D.Itisfarfromsatisfactory.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了智能手機(jī)傳感器在收集橋梁安全信息方面幾乎與安裝在橋梁上的傳感器一樣可以很好地檢測(cè)橋梁的狀況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Arecentstudy,publishedinthejournalNatureCommunicationsEngineering,ledbyresearchersfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology’sSenseableCityLaboratory,hasshownthatsmartphonesensorsarenearlyasgoodatcollectinginformationaboutbridgesafetyassensors.”(最近發(fā)表在《自然通訊工程》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，智能手機(jī)傳感器在收集橋梁安全信息方面幾乎與傳感器一樣好)”可知，最近的研究是關(guān)于智能手機(jī)可以檢測(cè)橋梁的安全狀況。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“TheresearchersconductedthestudyontheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,CaliforniaandasmallerbridgeinCiampino,Italy.(研究人員對(duì)加利福尼亞州舊金山的金門大橋和意大利恰皮諾的一座小橋進(jìn)行了研究)”可知，研究人員在兩個(gè)不同的地方對(duì)兩座大小不一樣的橋進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了保證獲取數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Oncetheyhadthedatafromthephones,theycomparedthatdatatotheinformationfromtwohundredandfortysensorsthathadbeenplacedonthebridge.Surprisingly,theyfoundthatthedatafromtheirphonesprettymuchmatchedthedatafromthesensors.(他們一獲得了手機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)，就將這些數(shù)據(jù)與放置在橋上的240個(gè)傳感器的信息進(jìn)行了比較。令人驚訝的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)與傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)非常匹配)”和第四段的“InItaly,theresearcherscollectedthedatafromtwohundredandeightytripsacrossthebridge,andcomparedittothedatafromsixsensorsthathadbeenplacedonthebridge.Thoughtheresultsdifferedabit,theresultswerestillquitesimilar.(在意大利，研究人員收集了280次過橋的數(shù)據(jù)，并將其與放置在橋上的六個(gè)傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了比較。盡管結(jié)果有點(diǎn)不同，但結(jié)果仍然非常相似)”可知，研究人員通過比較來(lái)自兩個(gè)不同來(lái)源的數(shù)據(jù)得出研究結(jié)果。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的““Westillhaveworktodo,butwebelievethatourapproachcouldbescaledupeasily—allthewaytothelevelofanentirecountry,“toldaresearcher.”Itmightnotreachtheaccuracythatonecangetusingfixedsensorsinstalledonabridge,butitcouldbecomeaveryinterestingearly-warningsystem.”(一位研究人員說，“我們還有工作要做，但我們相信，我們的方法可以很容易地?cái)U(kuò)展到整個(gè)國(guó)家的水平”，“它可能達(dá)不到安裝在橋梁上的固定傳感器所能達(dá)到的精度，但它可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)非常有趣的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)?！?”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為他們的橋梁探測(cè)方法是很有希望的。故選C。DMorethan85%oftheworld’sbirdandanimalspeciesliveinmountains,particularlyinforesthabitats,butresearchersreportinthejournalOneEarthonMarch17thattheseforestsaredisappearingatanacceleratingrate.Thoughtheirunevenlocationonceprotectedmountainforestsfromdeforestation,theyhavebeenincreasinglyexploitedsincetheturnofthe21stcenturyaslowlandareasbecomedepleted.AteamofscientistsledbyXinyueHe,DominickSpracklenandJosephHoldenatLeedsUniversityintheUnitedKingdom,andZhenzhongZengattheSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChinawantedtoinvestigatetheextentandglobaldistributionofmountainforestloss.Todothis,theteamtrackedchangesinmountainforestsonayearlybasisfrom2001to2018.Theyquantifiedbothlossesandgainsintreecover,estimatedtherateatwhichchangeisoccurring,compareddifferentchartsandtypesofmountainforests--boreal,temperate,tropical--andexploredtheimpactsofthisforestlossonbiodiversity.Theyfoundthatloggingwasthebiggestdriverofmountainforestlossoverall(42%),followedbywildfires(29%),shiftingor“slash-and-burn”cultivation(15%),andpermanentorsemi-permanentagriculture(10%),thoughtheimportanceofthesedifferentfactorsvariedfromregiontoregion.SignificantlossoccurredinAsia,SouthAmerica,Africa,Europe,andAustralia,butnotinNorthAmericaandOceania.Worryingly,therateofmountainforestlossseemstobeaccelerating:theannualrateoflossincreasedby50%from2001-2009to2010-2018,whenwelostapproximately5.2millionhectaresofmountainforestsperyear.TheauthorswritethatthisaccelerationisprobablylargelyduetorapidagriculturalexpansionintohighlandareasinmainlandSoutheastAsia,aswellasincreasedloggingofmountainforestseitherduetodecreaseoflowlandforestsorbecausetheselowlandforestsbecameprotected.“Anynewmeasuretoprotectmountainforestsshouldbeadaptedtolocalconditionsandcontextsandneedtoreconcile(兼顧)theneedforenhancedforestprotectionwithensuringfoodproductionandhumanwell-being.”theauthorswrite.12.WhatdoweknowaboutthereportinOneEarth?A.Itfocusesonbirdsandanimals. B.ItiswrittenbyanEnglishman.C.It’saboutmountainforests. D.Itdealswiththeendangeredspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depleted”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Raised. B.Expanded.C.Divided. D.Reduced.14.Whichofthefollowingaccountsformostofthemountainforestloss?A.People’scuttingdowntrees.B.Stronglyburningforestfires.C.People’straditionalfarmingmethod.D.Highfrequencyofextremeweather.15.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.MountainForestsAreBeingLostatIncreasingSpeedB.Rapidly-LostMountainForestsPutWildlifeatRiskC.ProtectingMountainForestsBenefitsHumanWell-BeingD.ForestProtectionEnsuresFoodProductionforHumans【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了野生動(dòng)物賴以生存的山地森林面積損失嚴(yán)重及科學(xué)家對(duì)其進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的研究和分析?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Morethan85%oftheworld’sbirdandanimalspeciesliveinmountains,particularlyinforesthabitats,butresearchersreportinthejournalOneEarthonMarch17thattheseforestsaredisappearingatanacceleratingrate.”（世界上85%以上的鳥類和動(dòng)物生活在山區(qū)，尤其是森林棲息地，但研究人員在3月17日的《同一個(gè)地球》雜志上報(bào)告說，這些森林正在加速消失。）可知，該報(bào)告關(guān)注的是山地森林的消失。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thoughtheirunevenlocationonceprotectedmountainforestsfromdeforestation,theyhavebeenincreasinglyexploitedsincetheturnofthe21stcentury”（雖然它們不平坦的地理位置曾經(jīng)保護(hù)山林免受砍伐，但自21世紀(jì)初以來(lái)，它們?cè)絹?lái)越多地被開發(fā)）及“aslowlandareasbecome”（隨著低地地區(qū)變得）可知，自21世紀(jì)以來(lái)，人們轉(zhuǎn)向開發(fā)地理位置不平坦的山地,是因?yàn)榈偷氐貐^(qū)已被開發(fā)殆盡，推測(cè)depleted意為“耗盡，減少”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Theyfoundthatloggingwasthebiggestdriverofmountainforestlossoverall”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，采伐是山林總體損失的最大驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。）可知，人們砍伐樹木造成了最嚴(yán)重的山林損失。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Morethan85%oftheworld’sbirdandanimalspeciesliveinmountains,particularlyinforesthabitats,butresearchersreportinthejournalOneEarthonMarch17thattheseforestsaredisappearingatanacceleratingrate.”（世界上85%以上的鳥類和動(dòng)物生活在山區(qū)，尤其是森林棲息地，但研究人員在3月17日的《同一個(gè)地球》雜志上報(bào)告說，這些森林正在加速消失。）并結(jié)合下文科學(xué)家通過調(diào)查研究得出的山地森林損失的具體數(shù)據(jù)可知，本文主要介紹了山地森林面積損失加劇并分析了具體原因。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peoplethinktheycanjustboosttheimmunesystemasifitwereamuscle,butit’sfarfromthatsimple.Butlikeanybodilyfunction,immunityworksbestwhenwesupportourgeneralhealth.___16___Takeyourshots.Whenitcomestopoweringuptheimmunesystem,vaccines(疫苗)arethemostimportantbreakthroughinhistory.Childhoodvaccinations,forinstance,havebeenakeyfactorinourlongerlifespantoday.___17___Avaccineprovidesatrainingsessionforouradaptiveimmunity,showingithowtofightaninvaderit’sneverseenbefore.Watchwhatyoueat.___18___Butifitfeaturesconsistentlyinyourdiet,you’reindangerofreplacingthehealthierfoodsandnutrientsthatyouneedforyourimmunesystem.Formostofus,abalancedandvarieddietgivesusmostofthenutrientsweneed.Ifyouaren’tgettingalotofsunexposure,youmayrequirevitaminD.Getmoving.___19___Anditdoesn’ttakemuch.Peoplewithinactivelifestyleshaveahigherriskofhospitalization,whilepeoplewhoexercise,evenabit,aremorelikelytogetbetterontheirown.Aimfor10to30minutesofexerciseeverydaytogettheimmunebenefits.___20___Timeoutdoorsgivesyouabreakfromindoorair,whereinfectiousbugsmaycirculate,anditalsohasbenefitsforyourimmunefunction.AboutofsunlightduringthedayimprovesyoursleeprhythmatnightandallowsyourbodytoproduceessentialvitaminD.Also,exposuretonaturalenvironmentsreducesstressandanxiety.A.Breathefreshair.B.Keepyourselffreefromanxiety.C.Doingregularexercisehelpsyougoonadiet.D.Regularphysicalactivityimprovesimmunefunction.E.Herearepracticalapproachesproventoshowsomeresults.F.Vaccinesdon’tfixallproblems,butthey’rereallyeffective.G.Havingjunkfoodonceinawhileisn’tgoingtoimpactyourhealth.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章列舉了一些方法能夠讓我們的免疫系統(tǒng)更好地發(fā)揮作用。【16題詳解】上文“Butlikeanybodilyfunction,immunityworksbestwhenwesupportourgeneralhealth.”（但就像任何身體功能一樣，當(dāng)我們保持整體健康時(shí)，免疫力就會(huì)發(fā)揮最佳作用。）可知，要想免疫力發(fā)揮最佳作用，就要保持整體健康，并結(jié)合下文列舉的具體保持身體健康的方法可知，E項(xiàng)“Herearepracticalapproachesproventoshowsomeresults.”（有一些實(shí)際的方法被證明可以產(chǎn)生一些結(jié)果。）引出下文具體的方法，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“Childhoodvaccinations,forinstance,havebeenakeyfactorinourlongerlifespantoday.”（例如，兒童接種疫苗是我們今天更長(zhǎng)壽的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素。）點(diǎn)明了疫苗的重要性，并結(jié)合下文“Avaccineprovidesatrainingsessionforouradaptiveimmunity,showingithowtofightaninvaderit’sneverseenbefore.”（疫苗為我們的適應(yīng)性免疫提供了一個(gè)訓(xùn)練課程，向它展示如何對(duì)抗從未見過的入侵者。）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Vaccinesdon’tfixallproblems,butthey’rereallyeffective.”（疫苗不能解決所有問題，但它們確實(shí)有效。）銜接上文，引出下文疫苗的具體效用，符合句意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Watchwhatyoueat.”（注意你的飲食。）說明飲食健康的重要性，結(jié)合下文“Butifitfeaturesconsistentlyinyourdiet,you’reindangerofreplacingthehealthierfoodsandnutrientsthatyouneedforyourimmunesystem.”（但如果它一直在你的飲食中，你就有可能面臨取代你免疫系統(tǒng)所需的更健康的食物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，健康飲食中若一直存在某物，會(huì)對(duì)免疫系統(tǒng)有害，G項(xiàng)“Havingjunkfoodonceinawhileisn’tgoingtoimpactyourhealth.”（偶爾吃垃圾食品并不會(huì)影響你的健康。）中“junkfood”照應(yīng)后文“it”，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Getmoving.”（動(dòng)起來(lái)。）說明運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要性，結(jié)合下文“Anditdoesn’ttakemuch.”（這并不需要太多。）可知，D項(xiàng)“Regularphysicalactivityimprovesimmunefunction.”（有規(guī)律的體育活動(dòng)可以提高免疫功能。）說明運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處，其中“Regularphysicalactivity”照應(yīng)上文“Getmoving”和下文“it”，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Timeoutdoorsgivesyouabreakfromindoorair,whereinfectiousbugsmaycirculate,anditalsohasbenefitsforyourimmunefunction.”（戶外活動(dòng)可以讓你從室內(nèi)空氣中休息一下，室內(nèi)空氣中可能會(huì)傳播傳染性細(xì)菌，而且戶外活動(dòng)對(duì)你的免疫功能也有好處。）可知，該段描述呆在戶外對(duì)于免疫系統(tǒng)的好處，A項(xiàng)“Breathefreshair.”（呼吸新鮮空氣。）銜接后文恰當(dāng)。故選A項(xiàng)。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AfteradolphinwasfoundswimmingaloneinacreekinFlorida,marinebiologistsformedahumanchaintosaveit.Dolphinstypicallytravelin___21___calleda“school”,althoughsolitary(獨(dú)自的)dolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures,soiftheyare___22___,theymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction.Thisinturncanbe___23___,bothfordolphinsandhumans.Dolphinscanbecome___24___ratherthanfeedontheirown.___25___,dolphinsthatareusedtohumancontactspendmoretimeinshallowwaters,whichcan___26___boatcrashes.Meanwhile,humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselves___27___.After___28___thatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinthecreekforafewdays,andwasneararesidentialareawith___29___forhumandisturbance,NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedto____30____.Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain,creatingabarrierthatcould____31____thedolphinoutofthecreek.RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid,“The____32____wastojustbeabarrierthatwasnoveltotheanimal.Wewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasabarrierofhearing,sowehadsomebodybehindusthatwas____33____aboat,revving(使快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))itsengineandthenweweresplashing(潑)waterandmovingforwardtowardstheanimal,soweweregivingtheanimalthe____34____toswimthroughthebridgeonitsown.”The____35____wassuccessful,withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek.21.A.series B.lines C.groups D.sessions22.A.separated B.discovered C.defended D.distinguished23.A.rewarding B.dangerous C.attractive D.annoying24.A.sensitive B.hesitant C.dependent D.exceptional25.A.Strangely B.Initially C.Fortunately D.Additionally26.A.turnon B.leadto C.takein D.knockat27.A.injured B.addicted C.refreshed D.dismissed28.A.declaring B.explaining C.admitting D.realizing29.A.concern B.purpose C.potential D.desire30.A.withdraw B.act C.search D.attack31.A.confirm B.restrict C.keep D.guide32.A.risk B.advantage C.goal D.path33.A.lifting B.repairing C.checking D.striking34.A.courage B.option C.right D.skill35.A.rescue B.experiment C.competition D.training【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了數(shù)十名野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織的人員在水中組成“人鏈”，營(yíng)救誤入淺水區(qū)滯留多日的海豚。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：海豚通常是成群結(jié)隊(duì)的，被稱為“豚群”，但孤獨(dú)的海豚正變得越來(lái)越普遍。A.series系列；B.lines線條；C.groups群組；D.sessions會(huì)議。根據(jù)后文“calleda“school””可知，海豚通常是成群出現(xiàn)的。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能是引起人們擔(dān)憂的一個(gè)原因，因?yàn)楹ｋ嗵焐巧缃粍?dòng)物，所以如果它們被分開，它們可能會(huì)把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向與人類的互動(dòng)。A.separated分開；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.defended捍衛(wèi)；D.distinguished區(qū)別。根據(jù)前文“dolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures”和“solitarydolphins”可知，海豚天生是群居動(dòng)物，如果被分開的話，可能會(huì)把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向與人類的互動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這反過來(lái)對(duì)海豚和人類都是危險(xiǎn)的。A.rewarding有益的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.annoying令人惱火的。根據(jù)后文“whichcan___6___boatcrashes”及“humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselves___7___”可知，海豚接近人類對(duì)雙方都是危險(xiǎn)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：海豚會(huì)變得依賴他人，而不是自己覓食。A.sensitive敏感的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.dependent依賴的；D.exceptional杰出的。根據(jù)后文“ratherthanfeedontheirown”可知，海豚會(huì)變得有依賴性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，習(xí)慣與人類接觸的海豚在淺水區(qū)待的時(shí)間更多，這可能導(dǎo)致船只碰撞。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Initially最初；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.Additionally另外。根據(jù)前文“Dolphinscanbecome___4__”及后文“whichcan___6___boatcrashes”可知，前后是并列遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步描述海豚在淺水區(qū)的危害。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：此外，習(xí)慣與人類接觸的海豚在淺水區(qū)待的時(shí)間更多，這可能導(dǎo)致船只碰撞。A.turnon打開；B.leadto導(dǎo)致；C.takein吸收；D.knockat敲門。根據(jù)后文“boatcrashes”可知，海豚在淺水區(qū)待的時(shí)間更多，這可能導(dǎo)致船只碰撞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，離海豚太近的人可能會(huì)受傷。A.injured受傷的；B.addicted上癮的；C.refreshed恢復(fù)精神的；D.dismissed解散的。根據(jù)前文“Thisinturncanbe___3___,bothfordolphinsandhumans”可知，離海豚太近會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到這只海豚已經(jīng)獨(dú)自在小灣里呆了幾天，并且靠近居民區(qū)，可能會(huì)受到人類活動(dòng)的干擾，美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局漁業(yè)局決定采取行動(dòng)。A.declaring宣布；B.explaining解釋；C.admitting承認(rèn)；D.realizing意識(shí)到。根據(jù)后文“thatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinthecreek”可知，有關(guān)部門意識(shí)到了這件事。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到這只海豚已經(jīng)獨(dú)自在小灣里呆了幾天，并且靠近居民區(qū)，擔(dān)心可能會(huì)受到人類活動(dòng)的干擾，美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局漁業(yè)局決定采取行動(dòng)。A.concern關(guān)心，憂慮；B.purpose目的；C.potential潛能；D.desire欲望。根據(jù)后文“humandisturbance”可知，有關(guān)部門擔(dān)憂人類活動(dòng)會(huì)影響海豚。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在意識(shí)到這只海豚已經(jīng)獨(dú)自在小溪里呆了幾天，并且靠近居民區(qū)，可能會(huì)受到人類活動(dòng)的干擾，美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局漁業(yè)局決定采取行動(dòng)。A.withdraw撤退；B.act行動(dòng)；C.search尋找；D.attack攻擊。根據(jù)后文“Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain”可知，有關(guān)部門決定采取行動(dòng)營(yíng)救海豚。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:來(lái)自克利爾沃特海洋水族館、NOAA和FWC的28名生物學(xué)家聚集在一起，組成了一個(gè)人鏈，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)屏障，可以引導(dǎo)海豚離開小灣。A.confirm確認(rèn)；B.restrict限制；C.keep保持；D.guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“thedolphinoutofthecreek”可知，生物學(xué)家們組成人鏈，引導(dǎo)海豚離開小灣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援生物學(xué)家布列塔尼·巴爾德里卡說:“我們的目標(biāo)只是成為該海豚的新屏障?！盇.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.path路徑。根據(jù)后文“wewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasabarrierofhearing”可知，生物學(xué)家們組成人鏈的目的是創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)屏障，迫使海豚向正確的方向移動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)物理屏障和聽覺屏障，所以我們讓身后的人擊打一艘船，發(fā)動(dòng)引擎，濺起水花，驅(qū)使它前進(jìn)，讓它自己游過橋。A.lifting舉起；B.repairing修理；C.checking檢查；D.striking擊打。根據(jù)前文“abarrierofhearing”可知，生物學(xué)家們擊打船只來(lái)形成聽覺屏障，迫使海豚前進(jìn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)物理屏障和聽覺屏障，所以我們讓身后的人擊打一艘船，發(fā)動(dòng)引擎，然后濺起水花，驅(qū)使它前進(jìn)，讓它自己游過橋。A.courage勇氣；B.option選擇；C.right權(quán)利；D.skill技能。根據(jù)后文“toswimthroughthebridgeonitsown”可知，專家們這樣做，是給了海豚可以自己游過橋的選擇。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：營(yíng)救很成功，海豚游出了小灣。A.rescue營(yíng)救；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.competition比賽；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)上文“NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedto”后文“withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek”可知，營(yíng)救成功了。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文.在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。Asthesayinggoes,“Upabovethereisheaven;downbelowthereareSuzhouandHangzhou.”SuzhouinEastChina’sJiangsuProvincewasrankedfirstinthe“2022ConsumerSatisfactionEvaluationReportfor100Cities”,___36___(follow)byQingdao,Hangzhou,Yantai,Nanjing,Foshan,Wuxi,Xiamen,BeijingandYichang.TheChinaConsumersAssociationreportedthatonMarch14.ItisthesecondtimeinarowthatSuzhou___37___(top)theranking.Produced___38___(annual)bytheChinaConsumersAssociationsince2017,thereport,___39___measuresconsumersatisfactionlevelsbased___40___feedbackfromconsumers,takesintoaccountconsumersupply,consumerenvironment,andconsumerrightsprotection.TheSuzhougovernmenthasattachedgreat___41___(important)totheimprovementofconsumersatisfactionlevels.InApril2020theSuzhougovernmentlaunchedthe___42___(nation)firstofflineunconditionalreturnservice.In2021,Suzhouintroducedthefirstmunicipalspecificationforofflineunconditionalreturnservicewiththepurposeof___43___(satisfy)morecustomers’needs.OnOct.28,2022,the100,000thstorecommittedtounconditionalreturnservice___44___(establish)inKunshan,Suzhou.Accordingtolocal___45___(authority),thecitywillcontinuetostrengthenthefoundationsofconsumerrightsprotectionandexplorenewmodelsandpathsfortheconstructionofa“Suzhou-style”consumerenvironment.【答案】36.followed37.hastopped38.annually39.which40.on41.importance42.nation’s43.satisfying44.wasestablished45.authorities【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說明文。俗話說“上有天堂，下有蘇杭”，中國(guó)東部江蘇省的蘇州市在“2022年百座城市消費(fèi)者滿意度評(píng)估報(bào)告”中排名第一。文章主要介紹了蘇州市在保護(hù)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益方面所做的成績(jī)，以及當(dāng)?shù)卣畬⒉粩嗪粚?shí)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)基礎(chǔ)，探索“蘇州式”消費(fèi)環(huán)境建設(shè)新模式、新路徑的努力方向?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在《2022年百座城市消費(fèi)者滿意度評(píng)估報(bào)告》中，中國(guó)東部江蘇省的蘇州位列第一，其次是青島、杭州、煙臺(tái)、南京、佛山、無(wú)錫、廈門、北京和宜昌。根據(jù)句中謂語(yǔ)“wasranked”可知，空處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與“Suzhou”之間形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填followed?！?7題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這是蘇州連續(xù)第二次榮登榜首。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)；根據(jù)“Itisthesecondtimethat...”句式，that從句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是“Suzhou”，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。故填hastopped?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：自2017年起每年由中國(guó)消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布、根據(jù)消費(fèi)者反饋衡量消費(fèi)者滿意度的這個(gè)報(bào)告，考慮到了消費(fèi)者供應(yīng)、消費(fèi)者環(huán)境和消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)等因素。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為副詞，作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞“Produced”。故填annually?！?9題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：自2017年起每年由中國(guó)消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布、根據(jù)消費(fèi)者反饋衡量消費(fèi)者滿意度這個(gè)報(bào)告，考慮到了消費(fèi)者供應(yīng)、消費(fèi)者環(huán)境和消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)等因素。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“report”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。【40題詳解】考查介詞。句意：自2017年起每年由中國(guó)消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布、根據(jù)消費(fèi)者反饋衡量消費(fèi)者滿意度的這個(gè)報(bào)告，考慮到了消費(fèi)者供應(yīng)、消費(fèi)者環(huán)境和消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)等因素。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)bebasedon可知，空處應(yīng)為介詞on，后接名詞短語(yǔ)“feedbackfromconsumers”，表示“根據(jù)消費(fèi)者反饋”。故填on?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：蘇州市政府非常重視提高消費(fèi)者滿意度。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞，作賓語(yǔ)；固定短語(yǔ)attachimportanceto...表示“重視……”，符合句意。故填importance?！?2題詳解】考查名詞所有格。句意：2020年4月，蘇州市政府推出了全國(guó)首個(gè)線下無(wú)條件退貨服務(wù)。分析句子和句意可知，空處應(yīng)作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞短語(yǔ)“firstofflineunconditionalreturnservice”，表示“全國(guó)的”，是國(guó)家所擁有的首個(gè)線下無(wú)條件退貨服務(wù)，應(yīng)用名詞所有格形式。故填nation’s?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)名