高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解析

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解析

一、推斷題

1.解推斷題應(yīng)留意：

(1)不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替的觀點(diǎn);

(2)推理的依據(jù)來(lái)自于上下文。

2.推斷題的常見(jiàn)形式：

(1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.

(2)Fromthetextweknowthat______

(3)Thestoryimpliesthat______.

(4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe______.

(5)Thewriter?sattitudetowardis______.

3.解推斷題的方法：

解推斷題最主要的方法是依據(jù)詞義關(guān)系推斷詳細(xì)細(xì)節(jié)。

Example1Onedayamanwalkedsintosapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，"Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroachesandtwospiders.'

"Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?'theshopassistantwasverysurprised.

"Well，'repliedtheman，"ImmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.'

Q：Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedsintosthehouse，itwas______.

A.veryclean

B.justcleanedbythelandlord

C.tidyandcomfortable

D.dirtyandfullofinsects

解析：要恢復(fù)原樣須買些老鼠和蟑螂等昆蟲，因此推出答案為D。

Example2Somepeopleareneverright.Theyneverhavegoodluck.Theyusuallydothewrongthingandsaythewrongthing.AndevenifwhattheysayordoisOK，theyasarulesayitordoitatthewrongtime.Sothesepeoplealwayshaveproblems.Theyoftenbreakdishes.Theysometimesmissbusesandairplanes.

MrNeffisdifferent.Heisalwaysright.Heisneverwrong.Heusuallyhasgoodluck.Heseldomhasproblems.Heneverbreaksdishes.Henevermissesbusesorairplanes.Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesorairplanes.MrNeffknowsal-mosteverything.Hedoesntaskquestions;heanswersquestions.Heneversays，"Idontknow.'

Q：WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewritersattitudetowardsMrNeff?A.HefindsMrNeffhardtounderstand

B.HethinksMrNeffwonderful

C.HefeelspityforMrNeff

D.HedoesnotlikeMrNeff

解析：本文中使用never，還寫到Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesortheairplanes.故示意他對(duì)MrNeff的厭煩之情。答案為D。

二、事實(shí)題

在閱讀理解題中，又有相當(dāng)一部分屬于事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)題，下面僅就這類題的正確解法作簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明。

1.直接事實(shí)題

在解答這類問(wèn)題時(shí)要求同學(xué)抓住題干文字信息，采納針對(duì)性方法進(jìn)行閱讀，由于這類題的答案在文章中可以直接找到。

AgiantdamwasbuiltmanyyearsagotocontroltheColoradoRiverintheU.S.Thisdamwasbuilttoprotectthelandandhousesaroundtheriver.

ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad，whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.Theelevatorgoesdownforty-fourstoriesfromtheroadtothebottom.ThereisenoughconcreteinthisdamtobuildahighwayfromNewYorktoSanFrancisco.Thousandsofpeopleworkedonthisdamforfiveyears.

ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam，oneofthehighestdamsintheworld，issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.

Q：HooverDamlies______.

A.betweenArizonaandNevada

B.intheBlackCanyon

C.betweenNewYorkandSanFrancisco

D.bothAandB?

解析：由其次段的第一句話和最終一段的最終一句話可得出正確答案。

2.間接事實(shí)題

解此類題需要結(jié)合上下文供應(yīng)的`語(yǔ)境和信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的概括和推斷。

InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian，hostofthewell?receivedTVprogramme"StarsTonight'，MissLuoLin，MissAsiaof1991，appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.

BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition，shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage，dancing，singing，making-upandotherpropermanners，designedbytheAsiaTVStation.

"Itsreallyahardjobforme.Iwontenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow，Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime，inShanghai，IdlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience，saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.

Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue

A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.

B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.

C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.

D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.

解析：A、C和D都可在原文找到答案，而B項(xiàng)原文列的是：takentoHongKong可推斷不是movedtoHongKongwithherparents，因此選B。

3.詞義理解題

做此類題時(shí)，同學(xué)應(yīng)盡可能地利用生詞所在的上下文來(lái)猜想詞義，即利用我們所熟識(shí)的詞或短語(yǔ)和上下文中的已知部分進(jìn)行規(guī)律上的推理，有時(shí)還需依靠常識(shí)和閱歷。

Anothersourceofknowledgeisthevaststoreoftraditionalpracticeshandeddownfromfathertoson，ormothertodaughter，ofoldcountrycustoms，offolklore.Allthisisverydifficultforacollegestudenttoexamine，formuchknowledgeandpersonalexperienceisneededheretoseparategoodplantsfromwildgrass.Thecollegestudentshouldlearntorealizeandrememberhowmuchofrealvaluesciencehasfoundinthiswide，confusedwildernessandhowoftenscientificdiscoveriesofwhathadexistedinthisarealongage.

Q：Inthelastparagraphthephrase"thiswide，confus