【英語】英語閱讀理解(教育文化)練習(xí)題20篇

【英語】英語閱讀理解(教育文化)練習(xí)題20篇一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1．閱讀理解

Theterm"crocodiletears"referstoinsinceresadness.Thistermhasanetymologydatingbackseveralcenturies.Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.

Thetermcrocodiletearsbecamewidelypopularafteritwasdocumentedinafifteenth-centurybooktitledTheVoyageandTravelofSirJohnMandeville,Knight.Apassagefromthebookreads:"Thesecrocodileskillmenandtheyeatthemweeping."

Asyoumayalreadyknow,crocodilians(鱷目動(dòng)物)likelyfeelbadaboutlittle—especiallyfeeding.However,theassumptionofthecrocodile-tearsmetaphormaybetrue.Ina2007paperpublishedinBioSciencetitled"CrocodileTears:Andtheyeatthemweeping",researchersobserved7crocodiliansincagesduringfeedingtimeatareserve(4caimansand3Americanalligators).Theresearchersobservedthecrocodiliansoutsideofwateratfeedingstationstobetterfindoutwhethertearingdeveloped.

Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses(發(fā)出嘶嘶聲)whileiteats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions(鼻淚管分泌物.)

Inhumans,crocodiletearsisamedicalconditionthatcausesapersontotearupwhileeating.Crocodiletearstypicallyoccurbecauseofatemporarylossoffacialcontrolduetodamageofthefacialnerve.Specifically,whenthefacialnervegrowsagain,itdoessoincorrectlythusresultingintearsduringchewingfood.（1）Theunderlinedword"etymology"inParagraph1refersto________.A.areferencebookcontainingarticlesonvarioustopicsB.theoriginandhistoryofaparticulartermC.aprintedsheetofpaperthatarcgivenfreetoadvertiseD.theapplicationandinfluenceofanewtheory（2）Theterm"crocodiletears"________.A.isamedicalconditionthatcausesacrocodiletotearupB.becamewidelypopularasearlyasthefourthcenturyC.referstopretendedsadnessD.provedtobeonlyanassumption（3）Fromthe2007paperpublishedinBioScience,wecanknowthat________.A.crocodiliansespeciallyfeelbadaboutfeedingB.notallthe7crocodiliansdevelopedtearingC.thecrocodilianswerecarefullyobservedinsidewaterD.crocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhissesafteriteats（4）Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whattherealtruthisaboutcrocodiletearsB.whentheterm"crocodiletears"gotpopularinliteratureC.howresearchersmadetheexperimentoncrocodiliansD.whycrocodiletearstypicallyoccurinhumans【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，通過引用“鱷魚的眼淚”這一說法的來源、發(fā)展以及相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)來告訴讀者“crocodiletears”的真實(shí)含義。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“datingbackseveralcenturies”追溯到幾個(gè)世紀(jì)前；以及“Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.”早在公元4世紀(jì)，鱷魚的眼淚在文學(xué)作品中的意思是假慈悲，可推知，etymology和一個(gè)詞條的來源和發(fā)展相關(guān)。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.”是指假傷心，假慈悲。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.”7只鱷魚中，有5只在吃食之前，之中和之后流下了眼淚，可知，并非所有的鱷魚在吃食時(shí)都會(huì)流淚。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses(發(fā)出嘶嘶聲)whileitcats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions”研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鱷魚的眼淚是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谶M(jìn)食時(shí)發(fā)出的嘶嘶聲，這種聲音迫使空氣通過鼻子背后的空間從眼睛出來，在這個(gè)過程中帶出了鼻內(nèi)管分泌物，可知，作者通過對(duì)“crocodiletears”這一詞條的來源、發(fā)展以及相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)來告訴讀者有關(guān)“crocodiletears”的真實(shí)含義。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Whodoesn'twanttolivelifeinstyle?Lifeislikearoadonwhichyounevergetachancetoreturn,andisnotaverylongroadeither.Soweshouldtrytolivelifetothefullestandenjoyeverybitofit.

Everyindividualhasuniquelikingsandpreferences,andallofustrytolivethelivesthatsuitusbest.Theworldislikeapaintingclothonwhichdifferentpeoplewithdifferentraces,differentlanguages,anddifferentculturalbackgroundsinteract.Butamongthese,theartsprovideaneasyandnaturalwayforpeopletoconnect.

Peoplewithaknackfortheartsusuallydiscoveritinchildhood.Butartisn'tonlyforthetalented;itcanhelpeveryonegrow.Thosewithastrongartisticbackgroundareoftenmoreenergetic,andmoresuccessfulinallfieldsoflife.Artwidenstherangeofaperson'slife.

Paintingisoneofthemostpopularartforms.Thosewhoareinterestedintakingitupasacareerneedtogothroughextensivetrainingtogetfamiliarwiththevariousstyles.Professionalpaintersoftenhostartexhibitions,withartloversfromallovertheworldcomingtoseeandbuytheircreations.Sometimesthepaintingsaresoldathighprices.

Performingartsareequallypopularandadmired.Dance,instrumentalmusic,dramaandsoonrequireunusualartistictalentaswellasalongperiodofeducationandtrainingbeforeaudiencesstarttoapplaudtheperformances.Butanyonewithsomeartisticsensecanmakeartpartofhis/herlife,andbenefitfromit.（1）Peopleshouldmakethemostoflifebecause______.A.

lifeisdifficultbutenjoyabletime

B.

lifeisvaluableandordinaryC.

lifeistooshorttobewasted

D.

lifeislikearoadfulloftomorrows（2）What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.

Differentpeoplehavedifferentlifestyles.

B.

Differentpeopleshavedifferentcultures.C.

Artcanmakepeoplehappier.

D.

Artcanconnectpeopletogether.（3）heunderlinedword"knack"inParagraph3possiblymeans"______".A.

character

B.

ability

C.

power

D.

favour（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.

Howgreatartistsmakealivingbysellingtheirworks.B.

Howtoliveauniqueandcolorfullife.C.

Howtheartscontributetopeople'slives.D.

Howmuchperformingartshavetodowithtalentandeducation.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，人生苦短沒有回頭路，但藝術(shù)可以把不同背景的人聯(lián)系在一起，有藝術(shù)天賦的人通常在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都會(huì)更加成功。作者還列舉了繪畫、音樂、舞蹈等藝術(shù)形式對(duì)人們生活的影響。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Lifeislikearoadonwhichyounevergetachancetoreturn,andisnotaverylongroadeither.Soweshouldtrytolivelifetothefullestandenjoyeverybitofit.”可知人生沒有回頭路，而且非常短暫，我們要努力享受生活的一點(diǎn)一滴。我們不能浪費(fèi)生活，要珍惜生活給我們的一切，故選C。（2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butamongthese,theartsprovideaneasyandnaturalwayforpeopletoconnect.”可知藝術(shù)可以很自然地把不同背景的人聯(lián)系在一起，故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Peoplewithaknackfortheartsusuallydiscoveritinchildhood.”可知在童年時(shí)期有藝術(shù)天賦地人就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)自己這方面的才能。與“

Butartisn'tonlyforthetalented;itcanhelpeveryonegrow.”藝術(shù)不僅對(duì)有才能的人有好處，它可以幫助所有成長，是一致的。劃線詞knack意為”ability/talent“，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文介紹的是藝術(shù)如何影響人們的生活的內(nèi)容，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測，段落大意和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestionneverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeignlanguageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,nodoctorhaseverheard:"Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?"Behonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris:"no".

Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.Twentyyearsago,whocouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentencelikethis:"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook."?Nobody.Youneverstoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwillneedit.

Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticksthere!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)anddon'tthinkthatitisbecauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmoreimportanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

Youneedtolearnonly2000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthesenecessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbeforeyouconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(記憶群).Thefirstfewwordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyoudiscoverquickly,thoughtoolate,thatadozenwordslater,itisallthemoredifficulttolearnanewwordwhenyouhavealsotolearnthetricktomemorizeit.（1）Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat______.A.

thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguageB.

itishonesttoanswer"no"toaquestionyoudon'tknowC.

ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongueD.

peoplefindithardtomemorizevocabularyoftheirlanguage（2）Tolearnaforeignlanguage,theauthoradvisesyou______.A.toremembernewwordsappearingeverydayB.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwordsC.tolearnatleast2,000necessarywordsD.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory（3）Theauthor'sattitudetomnemonicsis________.A.supportiveB.neutralC.opponentD.indifferent（4）Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.usingoldwordsinanewwayB.learningnewwordsfromthecontextC.findingamethodtomemorizevocabularyD.learningvocabularyofaforeignlanguage【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，很多學(xué)習(xí)外語的人都有一個(gè)困惑是否要記憶足夠多的單詞，作者的回答是"不"，文章告訴人們應(yīng)該掌握多少個(gè)基本單詞，且不能為了學(xué)習(xí)這些必要的單詞而逃避一些工作，以及依靠任何基于助記法的方法都是不明智的。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Tobehonest，doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue？Theansweris‘No’．“說實(shí)話，你知道你母語的所有單詞嗎?"答案是:"不"。可知，一個(gè)人既然連自己的母語的詞匯都不可能全部認(rèn)識(shí)，那么在學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí)，也就沒有必要記住所有的詞匯。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Youneedtolearnonly2，000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”你只需要學(xué)習(xí)2000個(gè)左右的基本單詞就能創(chuàng)造出任何你需要的短語?？芍獮榱藢W(xué)習(xí)一門外語，作者建議你至少學(xué)習(xí)2000個(gè)必要的單詞。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics.”依靠任何基于記憶術(shù)的方法都是不明智的?？芍髡邔?duì)記憶術(shù)的態(tài)度是反對(duì)的。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.”當(dāng)談到學(xué)習(xí)一門外語時(shí)，許多人想知道他們是否能記住足夠的詞匯。以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí)的詞匯量問題，所以短文主要是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)一門外語的詞匯量。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Whydoesnightfallbutneverbreakanddaybreakbutneverfall？Whyarepeoplewhoridemotorcyclescalledbikersandpeoplewhoridebikescalledcyclists？Inwhatotherlanguagedopeopledriveinaparkwayandparkinadriveway？Inwhatotherlanguagedotheycallthethirdhandontheclockthesecondhand？

Let'sfaceit:Englishisacrazylanguage.Thereisnoegginaneggplant,neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.Sweet-meatsarecandy，whilesweetbreads,whicharen'tsweet,aremeat.

WetakeEnglishforgranted.Butwhenweexploreitsparadoxes(悖論),wefindthatquicksandcanworkslowly,boxingringsaresquare,publicbathroomshavenobathsinthem.

Andwhyisitthatawriterwrites,butfingersdon'tfing,grocersdon'tgroce,andhammersdon'tham？Ifthepluraloftoothisteeth,shouldn'tthepluralofboothbebeeth?Onegoose,twogeese-soonemoose,twomeese?

Howcanaslimchanceandafatchancebethesame,whileawisemanandawiseguyareopposites?Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites,whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?Howcantheweatherbehotashellonedayandcoldashellthenext？

Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditshowsthecreativityofhumanbeings.That'swhy,whenstarsareout,theyarevisible;butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.Andwhy,whenIwindupmywatch,Istartit;butwhenIwindupthisessay,Iendit.（1）Whichofthefollowingwordsorexpressionshavethesimilarmeaning?A.Overlookandoversee.B.Quitealotandquiteafew.C.Hotashellandcoldashell.D.Awisemanandawiseguy.（2）WhatdoestheauthorprobablythinkofEnglishpeople?A.Clever.B.Crazy.C.Lazy.D.Determined.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Boxingringsshouldberound.B.Thereshouldbeeggsinaneggplant.C.Pineapplesaretheapplesonthepinetree.D.Sweet-meatsandsweetbreadsaredifferentthings.（4）Howdoestheauthororganizethetext?A.Intheorderoftime.B.Intheorderofplace.C.Bygivingagreatnumberofexamples.D.BycomparingEnglishwiththeotherlanguages.（5）What'sthetone(語氣)ofthetext?A.Angryandproud.B.Cheerfulandunsure.C.Upsetanddisappointed.D.Humorousandlight-hearted.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了為什么英語是一門瘋狂的語言。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Howcanoverlookandoverseebeopposites,whilequitealotandquiteafewarealike?”overlook和oversee怎么會(huì)是反義詞，而quitealot和quiteafew卻是很相似的呢？可知，quitealot和quiteafew有相似的意思。故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofhumanbeings.”英語是由人而不是計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)明的，它反映了人類的創(chuàng)造力，以及列舉了英語中的許多悖論可推知，作者想表明英國人是很聰明的。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sweet-meatsarecandy,whilesweetbreads,whicharen'tsweet,aremeat.”蜜餞是糖果，雜碎是肉，但不甜，可知，蜜餞和雜碎是不同的東西。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whydoesnightfallbutneverbreakanddaybreakbutneverfall？Whyarepeoplewhoridemotorcyclescalledbikersandpeoplewhoridebikescalledcyclists？”為什么黑夜降臨，卻沒有黎明；為什么白天破曉，卻沒有黃昏？為什么騎摩托車的人叫"騎手"，騎自行車的人叫"騎自行車的人"?以及下文可知，作者主要是通過大量的例子來論證英語是一門多么瘋狂的語言的。故選C。（5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Englishisacrazylanguage.Thereisnoegginaneggplant,neitherpinenorappleinapineappleandnohaminahamburger.”英語是一門瘋狂的語言。茄子里沒有雞蛋，菠蘿里也沒有松樹和蘋果，漢堡包里也沒有火腿，及下文所舉的多個(gè)詞可知，這些詞的意思并不是詞的表面意思。由此可以判斷出，作者以既幽默又輕松的語氣在論述英語是一門瘋狂的語言。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Whyisitthatmanypeoplewhohavesufferedamajorshock,suchasdivorceordeathofafamilymember,seemtobeweakeragainstavarietyofmajorandminorillness?Onecommonideaamongpsychologistshasbeenthatpeoplecoulddealwithsufferingmoreeffectivelyiftheywereabletounderstandandacceptit.Indeed,manyexpertsstressthevalueofexpressingthoughtsandfeelingsconnectedwithupsettingevents.

Recently,ateamofmedicalresearchersstudiedthelinksbetweendescribingpsychologicallypainfuleventsandlong-termhealth.Inoneexperimenthealthycollegestudentswereaskedtowriteabouteitherpersonallydisturbingexperiencesorordinarytopicsoveraperiodoffourdays.Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.

Inanexperimentthatfollowed,anothergroupofhealthystudentsweregiventhefour-daywritingexercises.Somechosetowriteabouthighlypersonalandupsettingexperiences(includingloneliness,problemswithfamilyandfriends,andhealth).Whenquestionedimmediatelyafterwards,theysaidthattheydidnotfeelanybetter.However,theirbloodsamples(樣本)takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese"invaders".Thistrendcontinuedoverthefollowingsixweeks,whenanotherbloodsamplewastaken.Individualswhoshowedthebestresultswerethosewhowroteabouttopicsthattheyhadactivelykeptfromtellingothersabout.

Theresearcherssuggestedthatfailuretofaceuptopainfulexperiencecanbeaformofstressitself,andcanincreasethepossibilityofillness.Itfollows,then,thatactivelydealingwithamajorshockmakespossibleitsunderstandingandacceptance.Theanswerisnottosufferinsilence.Itmaynotalwaysbepossibletotalkaboutpersonalproblems,butwritingthemdownwillhelpthebodytofightdiseaseinthelongrun.（1）Inthefirstexperiment,thestudentswhowroteaboutpainfulevents________.A.startedtosufferpsychologicalproblemsB.enjoyedsharingtheirinnerthoughtandfeelingsC.werelesslikelytoseektreatmentforsicknessD.couldn'tdealwithsufferingeffectively（2）Peoplewhowroteaboutpersonalproblemsinthesecondexperiment________.A.hadmorebacteriaandvirusesintheirbloodB.haddecreasedfeelingsoflonelinessC.showedanimprovedwhitecellreactionD.didbetterintheirwritingtasks（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"invaders"referto?A.Thewhitecells.B.Bacteriaandviruses.C.Resistancetoillness.D.Thereactionandsensitivityofthecells.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SufferingandHealthB.InnerThoughtsandFeelingsC.IllnessandHealthD.MentalIllnessandSocialAcceptance【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，心理學(xué)的研究表明，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)它。許多專家認(rèn)為將與令人不安的事件有關(guān)的思想和情感表達(dá)出來是十分重要的。不能面對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷本身就可能是某種形式的壓力，也會(huì)增加患病的可能性。所以從長遠(yuǎn)來看，不要默默忍受，說出來或者寫出來將有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.”可知，在隨后的幾個(gè)月里，那些選擇在寫作中表達(dá)自己內(nèi)心想法和感受的學(xué)生，比那些寫過日常話題的人更少去看病。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,theirbloodsamples(樣本)takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese‘invaders’.”可知，在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中寫下了個(gè)人問題的人顯示他們的白細(xì)胞對(duì)細(xì)菌和病毒的反應(yīng)和敏感性增強(qiáng)了。故選C。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruses…”可知，白細(xì)胞是用來對(duì)抗細(xì)菌和病毒的，因此these"invaders"指的就是細(xì)菌和病毒這些“入侵者”。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文開頭提出觀點(diǎn)，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)它。然后通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，將內(nèi)心的感受通過說或者寫的方式表達(dá)出來從長遠(yuǎn)看會(huì)有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。因此本文關(guān)注的話題是情感經(jīng)歷和健康的關(guān)系問題。選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Canyouimagineaworldwithoutmusic?Studiesshowthatpublicschoolsacrossthecountryarecuttingbackonmusicclassestosavemoney.Evenworse,someschoolshaveneverhadmusicclassestobeginwith.Butwithoutthem,students'academic(學(xué)術(shù)的)growthandspiritualhealthcouldsuffer.Infact,musicclassesarenecessaryforallstudentsinschools.

RecentstudiesBrownUniversityhaveshownthatstudentswhoreceivedmusiceducationclasseswerebetterinmathandreadingskillsthanthosewithoutmusicclasses.AnotherstudybyTheCollegeBoardfoundthatstudentstakingmusicandartclassesgothigherpoints.Students'academicsuccessseemstodependontheirtakingpartinmusiceducation.

Musicprogramsinpublicschoolsalsohelptoaddtoastudent'ssenseofprideandself-confidence.Teenstodayhavetoomanylearningtasks.Besides,theyhavefamilyproblems,self-confidenceproblems,relationshiptroubles,andchoicesaboutsmokeandalcohol(酒精).Allofthesecanstopacademicsuccess,butmusiceducationcanhelp.AstudybyTheTexasCommissiononDrugandAlcoholAbusefoundthatstudentswhotookpartinschoolmusicprogramswerelesslikelytoturntosmoke.Musicprogramsencouragestudentstoworktogethertoproduceanexcellentperformance.

Musiccrosseslanguage,classandculture.Musicallowsstudentsfromdifferentcountriestoconnect.Forexample,ataschooltalentshow,anewJapanesestudentplayedapianoduet(二重奏)withanAmericanclassmate.Twostudentsfromdifferentculturesworkedasateamwithself-confidenceandcommonpurposethroughmusic.

Thegiftofmusicispriceless.Weneedtobesuretohavenecessarymusicclassesforallstudents.Theworldislosingitsmusic,andputtingmusicintoschoolsisthefirststeptogetitback.（1）Thetwostudiesseemtoshowthat________.A.studentswithgreatsuccessattendmusiclessonsB.musicclassesplayanimportantroleinstudents'growthC.notallstudentscouldhavemusicclassesatschoolD.studentswhohavemusicclassesdobetterinallsubjects（2）TheexampleinParagraph4mainlysuggeststhat________.A.musicmakescross-culturalcommunicationpossibleB.differentcultureshavedifferentstylesofmusicC.JapanhasagoodrelationshipwithAmericaD.JapaneseandAmericanstudentsaregoodatplayingthepiano（3）Whatcanwelearnabouteducationwithmusicclasses?A.Itallowsschoolstomakemoremoney.B.Itcancausealotofacademicproblems.C.Itwillaffecttheworldculturalcommunicationgreatly.D.Itdoesgoodtostudents'academicsuccessandspiritualhealth.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofMusicClassesinSchoolB.Music—ABridgetoUnderstandingC.StudiesonMusicEducationD.HowtoGetMusicBack【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明，全國各地的公立學(xué)校正在削減音樂課，以節(jié)省開支。但作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績似乎取決于他們是否參加音樂教育；音樂課程也有助于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自豪感和自信心，音樂跨越語言、階級(jí)和文化。音樂使來自不同國家的學(xué)生相互聯(lián)系。作者提出需要確保所有學(xué)生都參加必要的音樂課。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Students'academicsuccessseemstodependontheirtakingpartinmusiceducation.”學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績似乎取決于他們是否參加音樂教育。上音樂課對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)有幫助，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Twostudentsfromdifferentculturesworkedasateamwithself-confidenceandcommonpurposethroughmusic.”兩個(gè)來自不同文化背景的學(xué)生作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)通過音樂自信、有共同目標(biāo)在一起合作。一個(gè)是日本學(xué)生，一個(gè)美國的學(xué)生，借由音樂而合作、交流。故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Students'academicsuccessseemstodependontheirtakingpartinmusiceducation.”學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績似乎取決于他們是否參加音樂教育；第三段中的”Musicprogramsinpublicschoolsalsohelptoaddtoastudent'ssenseofprideandself-confidence.”公立學(xué)校的音樂課程也有助于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自豪感和自信心。兩處結(jié)合，可以推斷出音樂即可以有助于學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績，又可以有益于學(xué)生的心理健康，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butwithoutthem,students'academic(學(xué)術(shù)的)growthandspiritualhealthcouldsuffer.Infact,musicclassesarenecessaryforallstudentsinschools.”但是，沒有他們（音樂），學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)提高和精神健康可能會(huì)受到影響。事實(shí)上，音樂課是學(xué)校所有學(xué)生所必需的。作者認(rèn)為音樂課是重要的，這是文章的主旨，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Foodexpertssaywashingcouldspreadthegermsonyourturkeyinthekitchensinkornearbyfood.Butit'sbeenachallengetryingtoconvincecookstostoprinsing(沖洗)offrawpoultry.Germsthatcanmakepeoplesickarecommoninthegutsofhealthypoultryandarelegallyallowedtobeonrawturkeyandchicken.Theassumptionisthatnobodyeatstheirpoultryraw,andthatthoroughcookingwillkillthebacteria.

Thedo—not—washrawpoultryadvicefromtheUSDAisrelativelynewandperhapshasn'tcaughtonbecauseitgoesagainstthecommonbeliefthatwashingmakesthingsclean,saidChapman.BenjaminChapman,astudyauthorandfoodsafetyexpertatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity,saidtheinstincttowashrawpoultrygoesbackatleastdecadeswhenpeoplereliedmoreonvisualcluestospotproblemswithpoultry.Meanwhile,washinghandsandsurfacesarealsoimportant.

Butfoodpreparationisacomplicatedact,andgermsfrompoultrycanbespreadevenifit'snotwashed,especiallywhenbirdsareremovedfrompackaging.

TheUSDA-fundedstudystressesthatpoint.ResearcherssprayedrawchickenwithaharmlessstrainofE.coli(大腸桿菌)andwatchedvolunteercooksattestkitchens.Amongthosewhowashedtheirrawchicken,aboutaquarterendedupspreadingthebacteriatotheirlettuce.Butevensomeofthosewhodidnotrinsethechickengotgermsonthelettuce.Andthereareotheropportunitiesforgermstosurviveonturkeys:meltingandcooking.

Toensureabirdisthoroughlycooked,theysaytouseathermometertocheckthatthedeepestandthickestpartsofithavereached165degrees.Evenafterthemealiscooked,youaren'toutofthedangerzone.Tokeepturkeysandotherleftoverssafe,expertssaytheyshouldberefrigeratedaftertwohours.（1）Peopledon'tacceptUSDA'sadvicebecause____.A.theadviceisrelativelynewB.cleaningseemsmoretrustworthyC.cookscleantheturkeybeforecookingitD.heatcankillmostgermsandnooneeatsrawfood（2）WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph4?A.Foodpackagescarrygerms.B.HandsandsurfacesareeasytogetE.coli.C.Germsfromaturkeycanbespreadwhetheritiswashedornot.D.Multiplemethodsshouldbeappliedtofoodtogetridofgerms.（3）Whichwaymayhelptocookaturkeysafely?A.Rinseofftheturkeybeforeitisheated.B.Keeptheturkeyawayfromthelettuceandrefrigerator.C.Washhandsandpackagesbeforetakingouttheturkey.D.Useathermometertocheckthetemperatureoftheturkey.（4）Fromwhichsectionofamagazineisthetextprobablytaken?A.Culture.B.Science.C.Education.D.Medicine.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，食品專家說清洗可能會(huì)在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細(xì)菌，但美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細(xì)菌都會(huì)傳播，同時(shí)指出用溫度計(jì)檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thedo—not—washrawpoultryadvicefromtheUSDAisrelativelynewandperhapshasn'tcaughtonbecauseitgoesagainstthecommonbeliefthatwashingmakesthingsclean,saidChapman.”查普曼說，美國農(nóng)業(yè)部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建議相對(duì)較新，但可能還沒有流行起來，因?yàn)檫@違背了人們普遍認(rèn)為的“清洗可以使東西干凈”的觀念，可知，人們不接受美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的建議是因?yàn)榍逑此坪醺档眯刨?，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Amongthosewhowashedtheirrawchicken,aboutaquarterendedupspreadingthebacteriatotheirlettuce.Butevensomeofthosewhodidnotrinsethechickengotgermsonthelettuce.Andthereareotheropportunitiesforgermstosurviveonturkeys:meltingandcooking.”在那些清洗生雞肉的人中，約四分之一的人最終將細(xì)菌傳播到生菜上，但即使是一些沒有清洗雞肉的人，生菜上也有細(xì)菌，火雞身上的細(xì)菌還有其他生存的機(jī)會(huì)：融化和烹飪，可知，不管火雞是否被清洗，它身上的細(xì)菌都會(huì)傳播，故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Toensureabirdisthoroughlycooked,theysaytouseathermometertocheckthatthedeepestandthickestpartsofithavereached165degrees.”為了確保一只家禽被徹底煮熟，他們說要用溫度計(jì)檢查它最深和最厚的部分是否達(dá)到165度，可知，用溫度計(jì)檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞，故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了食品專家說清洗可能會(huì)在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細(xì)菌，但美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細(xì)菌都會(huì)傳播，同時(shí)指出用溫度計(jì)檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞，這屬于科學(xué)范疇，因此這篇文章最有可能出自于雜志的科學(xué)版塊，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere'snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenagerproblem.Whateveryoudoorhoweveryouchoosetodealwithit,atcertaintimesawonderful,reasonableandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.

I'veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,rightfromachild,shouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.IsawhimlastweekwhenIcalledround.Sprawlinghimself(懶散地躺)onthesofainf