五大基本句型及句子結(jié)構(gòu)精講-課件

五大基本句型1ppt課件2ppt課件3ppt課件4ppt課件5ppt課件6ppt課件附屬成分基本成分的修飾語(yǔ)?？梢允牵憾ㄕZ(yǔ)：即用來(lái)修飾名詞的單詞、短語(yǔ)或從句狀語(yǔ)：即用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、短語(yǔ)或從句。定語(yǔ)Poor

Johnwenttowardahospitalnearby．ShelikesorangesimportedfromtheUSA.JohngaveMarymany

books，whicharefullofillustrations．Haveyouseenthebookonthedesk?Theboyplayingoverthereismybrother.Peopletherelikesports.7ppt課件Johnoftencametochatwithme．Johnlikesorangesverymuch．Wheneverhegetsdrunk，JohnmakesMaryveryangry．Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.Ashewasill,

hedidn’tcometoclassyesterday.Sheissittingatthedesk,doingherhomework.Myfatherworkedinthisschool

tenyearsago.You’dbetterstayhere.狀語(yǔ)8ppt課件9ppt課件10ppt課件11ppt課件簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞（即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單位。主要起下列四種作用中的一種。作一種陳述提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題發(fā)出一種命令或請(qǐng)求表示一種感嘆Examples:Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.Thegirlreadthebooks./Thebookspleasedthegirl.Stephenapologizedatonce.Doestheshopcloseat7tonight?Shutthedoor.Whataslowtrainthisis!12ppt課件Examples:Oh！Whatisthat?。@嘆詞）Hehas，alas，failedagain．Comehere，John．（呼語(yǔ)）Rollon，Ocean，rollon．句中可以去掉的成分，去掉后不影響句子的完整性。這種成分和句子的其他詞沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法的關(guān)系。獨(dú)立成分13ppt課件

（You）

Comehere．

（Iwishyou）Goodluck！

Somegavehimpraises，butothers（gavehim）rotten eggs．

Herunsasfastas,if(hedoes)not(run)faster,than you.

(I)Hopeyoulikeit. JohnshouldcleantheroomtodayandPeter(should cleanit)tomorrow.句中被省略的成分，雖然未說(shuō)出來(lái)，卻在句中表示一定的意思：省略成分14ppt課件連接成分連接成分實(shí)際上是一個(gè)連詞，用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)平行的詞、短語(yǔ)和分句。這種連詞叫做并列連詞。另一類連接成分是用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)句子、且一個(gè)句子從屬于另一個(gè)句子（即從句）的連詞。這類連詞叫從屬連詞。從屬連詞主要用于引導(dǎo)各種從句。一個(gè)完整的句子（主句或從句）必須包含2個(gè)到4個(gè)基本成分，此外，如果意思上有需要，還可包含一個(gè)或更多其他的句子成分。15ppt課件簡(jiǎn)單句的基本詞序主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞部分 賓語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) （謂語(yǔ)） 方式 地點(diǎn) 時(shí)間I bought ahat yesterday.Thechildren ran home.Thetaxidrivershoutedatme angrily.We ate ourmeal insilence.Thecar stopped suddenly.Ayounggirlwalked confidentlyintheroom.Theydrovehimaway inapolicecar.16ppt課件簡(jiǎn)單句的擴(kuò)展成份簡(jiǎn)單句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)可以加上一個(gè)短語(yǔ)（如定語(yǔ)）來(lái)擴(kuò)展，及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞也可以與其它短語(yǔ)（如狀語(yǔ)）連用進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。Iboughtaraincoatwithawarmlining.Thedogjumpedthroughthewindow.Heissavinguptobuyamobilephone.Abrightlittleboywithrosycheeksputthreebottlesofmilkquietly

onmydoorstep

beforeseveno’clock.Heworkedlikeamadman

inthegarden

onSaturday.Theyounggirlwithlongblackhairseemstobeveryhappy.17ppt課件兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的主語(yǔ)可以用連詞and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso等連詞連接組成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，但應(yīng)注意主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致性。ThebossisflyingtoParis.HissecretaryisflyingtoParis.

Theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.

Both

theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.ThebossisflyingtoRome.HissecretaryisnotflyingtoRome.

Theboss

butnot

hissecretary

isflying

toRome.ThebossmaybeflyingtoBerlin.HissecretarymaybeflyingtoBerlin.

Either

theboss

or

hissecretary

isflyingto

Berlin.ThebossisnotflyingtoYork.Hissecretaryisn’tflyingtoYork.

Neither

theboss

nor

hissecretary

isflying

toYork.主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的合并18ppt課件兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的賓語(yǔ)可由and、both…and等連詞連接組成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。ImetJane.Imetherhusband.

ImetJaneandherhusband. ImetbothJaneandherhusband.Itwascold.Itwaswet.

Itwascoldandwet.Ididn’tmeetJane.Ididn’tmeetherhusband.

Ididn’tmeeteitherJaneorherhusband. ImetneitherJanenor

herhusband.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上限定動(dòng)詞也可合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。Wesangallnight.Wedancedallnight.

Wesanganddancedallnight.主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的合并19ppt課件并列句需把幾個(gè)意思連接在一起時(shí)，可用分號(hào)或把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞連接起來(lái)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)即構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。用分號(hào)：Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.用分號(hào)，后跟一個(gè)連接副詞：Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.用并列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等）Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.20ppt課件并列句常用并列連詞

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列連詞:轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:

選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,andthenbut,however,while,yetfor,soor,either…or,neither…nor21ppt課件并列句并列句的詞序：并列句基本上保留了簡(jiǎn)單句的詞序。主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)連詞主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)Jimmyfelloffhisbikebut(he)wasn’thurt.五種簡(jiǎn)單句型可用并列連詞連接起來(lái)組成并列句。

主謂狀（方式）連主謂表Frankworkedhardand(he)becameanarchitect.主謂賓連主謂地點(diǎn)I’vegotacold,soI’mgoingtobed.

主謂賓賓補(bǔ)連主謂賓Theymadehimchairman,but(they)didn’tincreasehissalary.22ppt課件Exercise:請(qǐng)用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句。Hewastired,sohewenttobed.1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.23ppt課件由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語(yǔ)書(shū)面語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用廣泛。主句是一個(gè)完整的句子,它可以獨(dú)立存在。從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子,它必須和一個(gè)主句連用，不能獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句可以通過(guò)把兩個(gè)以上簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起構(gòu)成,但復(fù)合句的各組成部份并非同等重要，其中一個(gè)句子由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。復(fù)合句=主句+從句復(fù)合句24ppt課件復(fù)合句是在簡(jiǎn)單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從句：

1.主語(yǔ)從句2.賓語(yǔ)從句

3.表語(yǔ)從句4.定語(yǔ)從句

5.狀語(yǔ)從句6.同位語(yǔ)從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句賓語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句1.主語(yǔ)從句2.賓語(yǔ)從句3.表語(yǔ)從句4.同位語(yǔ)從句25ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句Hetoldme

thenews.thatthematchhadbeencancelled.賓語(yǔ)howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycar.thatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarandthatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.whenhewasleavingforParis.thathisfatherwasworkinginthatschool.賓語(yǔ)從句26ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句Idon’tknowhim.hehasfinishedhisworkthathehasfinishedhiswork.whetherhehasfinishedhiswork.賓語(yǔ)從句heisleavingforWashington.thatheisleavingforWashington.whenheisleavingforWashington.whyheisleavingforWashington.howheisleavingforWashington.whetherheisleavingforWashington.What’sthematter(with…)?What’swrong(with…)?27ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句thepeople

surprisedThatWhathesaidWhathedid主語(yǔ)Thathedidn’tknowtheanswerintheroom.定語(yǔ)whoweresittingintheroom.whowerepresent.whosesonswereatwar.whohadsignedthecontract.28ppt課件(08陜西13）Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch.whosehandsthehandsofwhichofwhichthehandsItshandsweremadeofsmalldiamonds.Thehandsofitweremadeofsmalldiamonds.29ppt課件(‘09陜西11)Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.argueaboutsthGuncontrolisasubject.Americanshavearguedaboutitforalongtime.aboutwhich30ppt課件（‘2010陜西11)Theoldtemple_____roof

wasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.Theoldtempleisnowunderrepair.Itsroof

wasdamagedinastorm.Theroof

ofitwasdamagedinastorm.whosetheroofofwhich

ofwhichtheroof31ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句That

isthefact.表語(yǔ)whatheneeds.whathegaveme.whyhewaslate.becausehewasill.whathashappened.32ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句Heworked

inthatfactorythreeyearsago.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)wherehisfatherworkedinthatfactorywhereIlivedwhenhelivedthereHisfatherworkedthere.Ilivedthere.Helivedtherethreeyearsago.33ppt課件復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句=簡(jiǎn)單句+從屬連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句Putthebook

onthedesk.whereyoutookit.whereitwas.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)where

youfoundit.Youcan’tcamphere.wheretherearealotoftrees.whereveryoulike.34ppt課件Putthebook

whereyoutookit.whereitwas.attheplacewhere

youfoundit.加上attheplace以上where引導(dǎo)的都是成了定語(yǔ)從句35ppt課件指出下列各從句的類型Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.賓語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Practice36ppt課件用所給連詞連接句子。Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoNewYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoNewYork.將各組句子連接為一個(gè)含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。PracticeHedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.37ppt課件用所給連詞連接句子。PracticeHedidn’tcometoschoolontimeyesterday.Hewaspunished.(原因/結(jié)果)Hedidn’tcometoschoolontime

yesterday.Thatwaswhyhewaspunished.(表示結(jié)果）Hewaspunished.Thatwasbecausehedidn’tcometoschoolontimeyesterday.=Thereasonwasthathedidn’tcometoschoolontimeyesterday.(表示原因）38ppt課件用所給連詞連接句子。PracticeThereasonwhyhewaspunishedwasthathedidn’tcometoschoolontimeyesterday.(表示原因及結(jié)果）39ppt課件I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（時(shí)間）I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.表示“一…就…”可以用：1.assoonas;2.themoment(minute;second;instant)3.immediately(directly;instantly)Ihadgothome.Itbegantorain.(時(shí)間)40ppt課件Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosooner