如何理解跨文化交際中的幽默專題培訓(xùn)課件

Stage2:ExplainingHumor—Isthatfunny?Ididn’tcatchit.Canyoutellmewhy?—well,it’squietsimple,Justasitwere.

（challengeanddifficulty:weareoftenunawareofthefactthatweknow.)Explaininghumor!關(guān)于三段論Aristotleintroducedtwoconceptsthathelpusunderstandhowwereason:enthymemeandsyllogism.TheenthymemeThecenterofAristotle’stheoryDeductiveargumentsTwoparts:truncatedsyllogismsharedvaluesThesyllogism---logicAllmenaremortalSocratesisamanTherefore,SocratesisamoralAllthecatsareafraidofdogsTomisacatTomisafraidofdogsEnthymeme-truncated(shorted)So….SocratesisamanTherefore,heismoralEnthymeme---sharedvaluesWhatthespeakerandaudienceshare“Heldinthemind”(彼此心知肚明的東西）Theargumentiscompletedbythespeakerandaudienceatthesametime.NarrowthefieldSyllogismininterculturecommunicationtheinterpretationofhumor.WhatissyllogismAsyllogisminvolvesathree-stepformalreasoningprocessassociatedwithformallogic.Majorpremise:broadculturalassumptionsaboutwaysofdoing,perceiving,ordefiningthings.Minorpremise:Aspecificcaseorevent,aconclusionwhichfollowslogicallyfromofpremises.Conclusion.Whatisenthymeme?MajorPremise(s)minorPremise(S)ConclusionSyllogismEnthymemeHumorMajorpremise(s)providedMissing

Missing(theculturalknowledge)Minorpremise(s)providedprovidedProvided(humorortext)conclusionprovidedmissingMissing(thelaugher)HumorasanenthymemeThreestepstogo!Howtoexplainhumor?Step1explainingtheexplicitmessagesseeninthecartoon“

scientificmeatmakerts”Acoupleofscientistsinabartryto“meet”peopleStep2constructingthemissingmajorpremisesMissingpremise(A):theordinarymeatmarketbehaviorMissingpremise(B):thestereotypesofscientistsStep3reachingconclusions

challenges:Findoutthelaugher(requiretheunderstandingofCulturalcontext)Humorouscannotbereachedif(a)theirbarsaredifferentformthebarsinAmerican(b)TheStereotypesofscientistsarepositive.

Solvingbyaskingquestions!Searchforanalogoushumorcontextinthepartner’sculture(a)Wheredopeopleseekromanticencounters?(b)whoistheleastdesiredinromanticencounters?Savingthedeadjoke!TogetacrossthehumorlocatingAnalogous(similaroralikeinsomeway)culturalContextsaskquestionswithoutanyassuming:(a)locateintheotherparty’scultureastowhereandhowpeopletrytoarrangeromanticencounters(b)identifythepeoplewhoareleastlikelytodowellinromanticencounters.Example:militaryintelligenceofficersatadancingpartyINADANCEPARTY“Imadesixairplaneheadslastweek”“Icut35girlshairtoday!”MetastepForthepurposeofmakeotherstepseasier.(encouragespeoplefromthesameculturetodiscussgivenandmissingpremisesandhowtolocatetranslatablecontexts)Certainassumptionswhichwetakeforgranted.TalkingwithpeoplefromyouowncultureaboutthemissingpremisesisinstrumentforbothnativeandnonnativespeakerstogothroughStep1tostepsHowtoreply?Teacher:WhenwasRomebuilt?

Jane:Sorry,Idon'tknow.

Amy：SorryI'mnotsure

Tom:Atnight.

Teacher:Whotoldyouthat?

Tom:Youdid.YousaidRomewasn'tbuiltina