專題23非謂語動詞專題動詞填空攻略-初中英語暑期專講專練（牛津譯林版）

專題23非謂語動詞專題&動詞填空攻略-初中英語暑期專講專練（牛津譯林版）知識點講解知識點講解非謂語動詞專題概念：在句中不單獨作謂語的動詞叫非謂語動詞。例:Helikestoreadthenovel.例：Heenjoyedtravelingaroundworld.例：JohnmadeTomgowithhim.非謂語動詞的種類：不定式todo有還沒有做的含義.2.動名詞doing表示抽象的名詞意義3.現(xiàn)在分詞doing表示主動或進(jìn)行的意義.4.過去分詞done表示被動或完成的意義.動詞不定式1.作主語：It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+動詞不定式.Itis______________us______________theenvironment.對我們來說，保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要?！敬鸢浮縄tisimportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.用介詞for，句中的形容詞一般是necessary、important、difficult、hard等詞，該題中有important，所以用for。注意：在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品質(zhì)、特征的形容詞后，不用for而用of。Itisvery______________youtohelpme.你幫助我真是太好了。【答案】Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.根據(jù)用法如果句中的形容詞是kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品質(zhì)、特征的形容詞后，不用for而用of。2.作賓語：不定式一般做某些動詞的賓語，一般不作介詞的賓語（but除外）。1）一些謂語動詞只能用不定式作賓語，如：wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。Wouldyoulike____________________________tonight?你今晚想去看電影么？【答案】towatchafilm.根據(jù)固定搭配，wouldliketodosth可知，該題用todo的結(jié)構(gòu)即可。2）在find,think等后跟不定式作賓語時，常用it作為形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在后面。Ifind____________________________everyday.我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天讀英語很容易?！敬鸢浮縤tveryeasytoreadEnglish.根據(jù)固定句式：sbfind/think/believeitadjtodosth,常用it作為形式賓語，而將真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式。3）不定式常和疑問詞what,which,when,where,how連用作賓語，相當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。Theteacheristellingthestudents________________/_________________.老師正在告訴學(xué)生們要做什么?！敬鸢浮縲hattodo/whattheyshoulddo.3.作賓語補足語：1）“動詞+賓語+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，如：tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage等。Lucyasked____________________________theradio.Lucy請他調(diào)小收音機的音量?！敬鸢浮縣imtoturndown，根據(jù)固定搭配，asksbtodosth可知，再根據(jù)把....音量調(diào)低用turndown。2）“動詞+賓語+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，這些動詞有：一感（feel），二聽（hear,listento），三讓（let,make,have），四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）半幫助（help）。其被動需加上to。Theboss_____________________thewholeday.=Theywere_____________________thewholeday.老板讓他們工作了一整天?！敬鸢浮縨adethemwork/madetowork根據(jù)固定短語makesbdosth,它的被動語態(tài)為sbbemadetodosth,要還原to。4.作定語：不定式作定語，要放在所修飾的詞的后面。Thereis____________________________.沒什么可擔(dān)心的。【答案】nothingtoworryabout.根據(jù)不定式放在不定代詞后作定語可知，再根據(jù)擔(dān)心用worryabout。5.作狀語：Iwenttothelibrary_____________________.我去圖書館學(xué)英語了。（表目的）【答案】tolearnEnglish.用to+do放在句首或句中來表示目的，譯為為了.....。易錯點：1）不定式和含有to的固定短語的區(qū)別有些短語中所含有的介詞為to，它后面需要接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式，并不是動詞不定式。1.payattentionto注意……Youshouldpayattentionto______________.你應(yīng)該注意你的行為舉止。【答案】yourbehaviors.考察單詞，行為舉止，用behavior即可。2.devote…to獻(xiàn)身于，致力于Hehas__________________________________________thedisabledpeople.他一生致力于幫助殘疾人。【答案】devotedallhislifetohelping.根據(jù)固定搭配devote…todoingsth獻(xiàn)身于，致力于。3.lookforwardto期盼，盼望Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.我期盼著再見到你。4.prefer…to…與……相比更喜歡……Ipreferstayingathometogoingout.與出去相比，我更喜歡待在家里。5.get/beusedto…習(xí)慣于……，適應(yīng)……Sheisquiteusedtoworkinghard.她很習(xí)慣努力工作。分詞動詞-ing考點：1.動名詞作主語：謂語動詞用單數(shù)。____________________________________yourhealth.吃得太多對你的健康有害?！敬鸢浮縀atingtoomuchisbadfor.根據(jù)固定搭配，bebadfor可知。作表語：Hishobbyis______________.他的愛好是集郵?！敬鸢浮縞ollectingstamps.根據(jù)固定搭配集郵，collectstamps。作定語：Sheis____________________________.她在閱覽室里面。【答案】inthereadingroom。4.英語中有一些動詞（短語）后面常跟動名詞作賓語Shepractices________volleyballeveryday.(play)Doyoumind________thedoor?(open)【答案】playing/opening根據(jù)practise、mind、enjoy、risk后接動詞的ing形式。5.ing做補語：Don’tkeepus_____________________.不要讓我們等得太久。Iheardhim_____________________.我聽到他正在教室里唱歌。【答案】waitingtoolong/singingintheclassroom7.某些動詞后接todo、doing、done的區(qū)別1.regrettodosth.®retdoingsth.Iregret______________thatIfailedtheexam.我很遺憾的告訴你我考試沒及格。【答案】totellyou根據(jù)固定搭配regrettodosth表示遺憾做某事Idon’tregret___________mythoughts.我不后悔告訴她我的想法。【答案】tellingher2.can’thelp(to)dosth.&can’thelpdoingsth.Shecan’thelp________________becausesheisbusy_____________.【答案】cleantheroom,makingcakes她不能幫忙清理房間，因為她正忙著做蛋糕。Icouldn’thelp_____________________.我不禁回想起過去?！敬鸢浮縭ememberingthepast3.部分詞doing做賓語，todo做補語advisedoing/advisesb.todoallowdoing/allowsb.todoIadvise______tillthepropertime.（wait）Myparentsdon’tallowme_________outatnight.（go）【答案】waiting、togo4.need,require,want后跟不定式和動名詞的區(qū)別Thegardenneeds______________/______________.這個花園需要澆水了。【答案】watering、tobewatered5.doing&doneDon’tleavethewater__________whileyoubrushyourteeth.(run)Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself___________.(hear)【答案】runningheard過去分詞：現(xiàn)在完成時&被動語態(tài)中出現(xiàn)表示被動固定搭配：have/makesthdone表示形容詞的用法：interested、excited、lost、worried等動詞填空解題方法1、確定所給的動詞須用謂語形式動詞的謂語形式是和各種時態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起的。不同的時態(tài)對動詞詞形的要求各不相同，如動詞原形、動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式、過去分詞等，而且很多時候還必須和相應(yīng)的助動詞搭配到一起，如do/does、be動詞、have/has以及情態(tài)動詞等。對知識儲備的要求：你首先必須掌握各種時態(tài)的含義、固定的組成部分和該時態(tài)的判斷標(biāo)志，其次要掌握該時態(tài)對動詞相應(yīng)詞形的要求。做到以上兩點，你才能在快速把握住解題主旨，并作出準(zhǔn)確判斷。2、確定所給的動詞須用非謂語形式動詞的非謂語形式主要有：動名詞、不定式、分詞、動詞原形等。（1）包含動名詞的有下列詞匯和句型：enjoy、stop、finish、miss、continue、practice、like/love、remember、forget、keepsb.、goon、lookforwardto、spendsometime/money、Whatabout、Howabout、Thankyoufor、+doingsth.注：在介詞之后的動詞也要用動名詞形式。（2）包含動詞不定式的有下列詞匯和句型：want(sb.)、need(sb.)、wouldlike、forget、remember、stop、continue、goon、ask/tellsb.、haveenough/notime/money、It’sagoodplaceforsb.、It’s+adj.+forsb.、Sb.+be+adj.+enough、Sb.+be+too+adj.、Ittakes/tooksb.sometime+todosth.注意：a、forget和remember之后既可以接動名詞，也可以接動詞不定式，區(qū)別在于：后接動名詞表示動作已經(jīng)做過了，而接不定式表示動作還未做。因此，用forget和remember后接動詞不定式可以表示對別人的提醒。Don’tforgettolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你走時別忘了鎖門。（門還沒鎖，提醒對方別忘了去鎖。）Sorry,Ican’trememberseeingyoubefore.對不起，我記不得以前見過你。（以前可能見過，但忘了。）b、continue、goon等詞匯之后也是既可以接動名詞，也可以接動詞不定式，區(qū)別在于：后接動名詞表示繼續(xù)做同樣一件事情，而后接動詞不定式表示繼續(xù)去做另一件事情。Hewentonworkinginthegardenforthewholemorning.他在花園里干活干了一上午。（上午一直在花園里干活，沒干別的。）Shedidsomereadingfirstandthenwentontowritealettertoherparents.她先讀了會書，而后又給父母寫了封信。c、stop后接動名詞表示停止正在做的事情，而后接動詞不定式表示停下來去做另一件事情。Stoptalking.Theteacheriscoming.別講話。老師來了。Therearesomanypeopleoverthere.Let’sstoptoseewhatishappening.那邊那么多人。我們停下來去看看發(fā)生什么事情。這些詞匯之后具體接哪種動詞詞形要根據(jù)句意去判斷。（3）常用到動詞原形的習(xí)慣表達(dá)法有：helpsb.、makesb、see/hearsb.、hadbetter、letsb.、Whynot、Whydon’tyou、+dosth.注：1、help之后可以接動詞不定式，也可接動詞原形。接動詞不定式的時候，不定式符號to可以省去。2、see、hear等感官動詞之后既可以接動詞原形，也可以接動名詞。區(qū)別在于：后接動名詞時表示所看到/聽到的動作是正在進(jìn)行的，而且是動作的局部；后接動詞不定式時表示所看到/聽到的是動作的全過程。3、在祈使句中也要用到動詞原形。動詞填空題注意點：1、區(qū)分謂語動詞和非謂語動詞句子從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，可以分為簡單句，并列句和復(fù)合句。簡單句只有一個謂語動詞，并列句和從句看有幾個句子就有幾個謂語動詞。ThefilmdirectedbyFengXiaogangiswonderdul.(簡單句1個謂語：is)ThefilmisdirectedbyFengXiaoganganditiswonderful.(并列句2個謂語：isdirected和is)ThefilmwhichisdirectedbyFengXiaogangiswonderful.(復(fù)合句2個謂語：isdirected和is)【例題精講】1.Theprojecttheyhaddevoteduptotwoyearsto____________(choose)asthebestoneattheconference.2.---Whatimpressedyoumostontheshow?---Thepicture___________(take)intheUSA.3.________________(build)anothernewhouseifyouroldhouseistooold.4.________(get)enoughsunshine,Davidoftengoesoutforapicnicattheweekend.5.Tom,togetherwithLucy,______________(notquarrel)athome.Iwillbuysomethingdeliciousforyou.【答案】1.waschosen2.taken3.Build4.Toget5.don’tquarrel2、動詞填空陷阱題1.句子中含有定語從句：當(dāng)動詞填空中含有定語從句時，我們要會分析句子成分，判斷出定語從句的頭和尾，然后從定語從句中去掉。如：Thesunlightweareallusedto________(include)sevendifferentcolors.第一步，先斷句：Thesunlight|weareallusedto|__________(include)|sevendifferentcolors.第二步，確定主謂：主語是thesunlight，句中有兩個謂語動詞，一個是beusedto習(xí)慣于，一個是包括，謂語動詞應(yīng)該是主語發(fā)出的動作，陽光不會習(xí)慣于，只會包括，所以包括才是謂語動詞。標(biāo)志：主語后面沒有立即出現(xiàn)謂語動詞，而是who，which或者that以及另一個主語時，那就是定語從句的開端。2.句子的語序出現(xiàn)了顛倒。(1)句子使用了被動語態(tài)：Detailsshouldbepaidattentiontotogethighmarks.(2)賓語變成疑問詞到了句首：Whatdoyouenjoytospendyourholiday?(3)感嘆句：Howluckytheboywhoyoupayattentiontoistowinabigprize.3.句中含有插入語：一般是doyouthink/doyoubelieve等放在疑問詞后。如：Whatdoyouthinkisthebestpartoftheday?【例題精講】1.ThenovelMr.Greenhasdevotedallhislifeto____________(come)outnextmonth.2.Whowillyouhave__________(check)theproject?3.Whatdoyouthink______________(talk)aboutatthemeetingtomorrow?【答案】1.willcome2.check3.willbetalked基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Can'tyouseeI'mbusy__________?(cook)2.It'sagreatshameforme__________infrontofsomanypeople.(laughat)3.Wecouldnothelp__________afterweheardthestory.(laugh)4.Wouldyouplease__________meanEnglish-Chinesedictionarywhenyoucome?(bring)5.I'msorrytohavekeptyou__________.(wait)6.Somestudentsprefer_______(chat)withtheirfriendsontheInternetto_______(do)theirhomeworkonweekends.7.–Whyareyousoexcited?–Peterinvitedme_______(go)onatriptoPurpleMountain.8.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_______(help)me.9.Tomoftenmakeshisbrother_______(cry),butyesterdayhewasmade_______(cry)byhisbrother.10.Iwouldrather_______(stay)athomethangoshoppingwithyou.11.Iusedto_______uplate,butnowIamusedto_______upearlyinthemorning.(get)12.Ican’thelpyou.Iambusy_______myhomework.(do)13.Ihavedifficulty_________allthewords.(remember)14.MyfatherandIhadfun________theinterestingfilmyesterday.(watch)15.ThebookbyMoYanisworth________.(read)16.Heprefers______(stay)athometo______(go)toschool.【答案】1.cooking2.tobelaughedat3.laughing4.bring5.waiting6.chatting,doing7.togo8.tohelp9.crying,tocry10.stay11.get,getting12.doing13.remembering14.watching15.reading16.stayinggoing二、單項選擇1.HeisnotgoodatEnglish,soitisnoteasyforhimtomakehimself_______.A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.understands2.‘Can’tyouread?’Marysaid,_______tothenotice.A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrily C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing3.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.Iwonderhowtogetmyfalseteeth_______.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.tofix4._______apostoffice,Istopped_______somestamps.A.Passed;buying B.Passing;tobuy C.Havingpassed;buy D.Pass;tobuy【答案】BADB三、完形填空Agiftinawrongplacebringsunexpectedhappiness．SinceIcametomynewneighbourhood，Ihavehadthepleasureofmeetingafewneighbours．Theyseemtobequite1people.ForChristmas，IthoughtIwoulddosomethingniceforeachoftheneighboursthatIknow.Isatdownand2.Therewerenineneighbours，andIalsoknewwhichhousestheylivedin．However，Idecidedto3onemorepersontomylist，theladyImeteverymorningwalkingtoworkasIdrovedownthestreet.Shealwaysmanagedasweetsmileandaheartywave（揮手），4Ihadnoideawhichhouseshelivedin．Mygiftideawastomakesmall5basketsandleavethemoneachofmyneighbour’sfrontporches（門廊）thenightofChrismasEve．Ikeptthelastoneforthefriendlylady，sinceIwasstillnotexactlysurewhereshelived—6thehousedownaboutwhereImethereachmorning.FinallyIdecidedtoputitthere.Myneighboursreallyenjoyedthebasketsandacoupleevencamebyto7me．Thismorningonmywaytowork，IplacedmymailinthemailboxandnoticedaThankYoucard．Iopeneditandreadthe8whichreallycaughtmebysurprise．Thecardsaid，“ThankyouforthoselovelyapplesandstrawberriesyouleftontheporchofTod.He9onJanuary19，butheneverstoppedtalkingabouthowniceitwasthatsomeone10himinhistimeofillness.Hereallyenjoyedit．”Iwasvery11．IhadnoideawhoTodwasorthathehadbeenseriously12．Ihadleftthatnicelady’sbasketonTod’sporchbyaccident．IbelievethatTodneverexpectedtohavethatbasket.Ifeel13thattheniceladydidnotgetabasketfrommethisChristmas，butIbelievethatifsheknewwhathadhappened，shewould14me．IfeelluckytohavehelpedTodbemorecheerfulinhislastdays．Thisjustmakesmefurtherbelievethatsometimes15inlifearebeautiful．（）1.A．richB．kindC．strongD．shy（）2.A．imaginedB．restedC．countedD．watched（）3.A．sendB．a(chǎn)ddC．connectD．put（）4.A．butB．soC．unlessD．because（）5.A．flowerB．foodC．vegetableD．fruit（）6.A．clearlyB．certainlyC．maybeD．simply（）7.A．thankB．protectC．encourageD．touch（）8.A．a(chǎn)dviceB．storyC．noticeD．message（）9.A．passedawayB．ranawayC．droveawayD．flewaway（）10.A．invitedB．rememberedC．trustedD．a(chǎn)ccepted（）11.A．nervousB．relaxedC．surprisedD．satisfied（）12.A．painfulB．wrongC．hurtD．ill（）13.A．worriedB．sorryC．helplessD．a(chǎn)fraid（）14.A．understandB．punishC．stopD．doubt（）15.A．jokesB．problemsC．mistakesD．gifts【答案】1~5:BCBAD6~10:CADAB11~15:CDBAC拔升練習(xí)拔升練習(xí)一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.---Canyouhearme,Jack?---Louder,please.Icanhardlyhearyou.Thestudentsbesideme___________(clap)theirhands.2.Myartteacherencouragedme___________(try)outfortheschoolpaintingcompetition.3.Theboy________(allow)towatchTVevenifhefinisheshishomework.4.Lucylooksworriedbecauseshe________(notfind)hermissingdog.5.---Doyouthinkshewillattendtheimportantmeeting?

---Ifshe_________(notbe)busytomorrow.6.I_________(ride)toschoolforthreeyearswhenIwasinthemiddleschool.【答案】1.areclapping2.totry3.wont’beallowed4.hasn’tfound5.isn’t6.rode1.Wouldyoupleasetellmehowmuchmoney_____(steal)fromtheshoplastnight?2.Whilemyteacherwasmakingaspeech,I_____(record)it.3.SometimesJimhasgreatdifficulty_____(control)hismoods.4.Couldyoutellmewhowassent______(cover)theaccidentyesterday?5.Youmaymakethesamemistakeunlessyou______(be)morecarefulnexttime.6.---Whyareyoustandinghere?---I’mwaitingformydaughter.She_____(notcome)backfromwork.【答案】1.wasstolen2.wasrecording3.controlling4.tocover5.are6.hasn’tcome1.It'sreportedthatthefirstundergroundlineinChangzhou________(finish)in2018.2.Hedidn'tgototheconcertyesterdayeveningbecauseit________(cancel)becauseofthebadweather.3.Vivienhadnochoicebut________(record)everywordherbosssaid.4.Badluck!Ihadmynewmobilephone________(steal)onthewayhome.5.---Ihaven'treadyourdiary.---You________(lie).Otherwise,howdoyouknowwhatIsaidaboutJenny?6.Johnprefersstayingathometo________(walk)outside.Thismakeshismotherworried.【答案】1.willbefinished2.wascanceled3.torecord4.stolen5.arelying6.walking1.---Excuseme,whencanyoushowusthewonderfulbookinthelibrary?---Notuntilit_________(discover).2.Wehavetothinkofausefulwaytostopburglars___________(protect)ourwealth.3.Themurderthattookplaceonacoldnightwasn'tworth____________(report),theseexperiencedjournaliststhought.5.---Doyougetthee-mailIsentyesterday?---I_________(check),butIhaven’tfoundyoursonthelist.6.---Whenshallwegotowatchthebasketballmatchinthesportscenter?---Wewon'tgounlessthework___________(cancel)tomorrow.9.CouldyoutellmewhatIshouldpayattentionto______________(improve)myEnglish?11.Lifehaschangedalotbecauseofthecomputers______________(connect)totheInternet.12.What____________(happen)tothatboy?Helookssleepyinclass.14.---Hi,Judy.Haveyougraduatedfromcollege?---Yes.I_________(study)inNanjingUniversityforfouryears.16.Theresultofthemedicineresearchscientistshavedevotedalltheirlifeto________(report)totheleadersofourcountryinaweek.17.YouyouTubecamethefirstChinese_________(win)aNobelPrizeformedicineonOctober5th,2015.21.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_________(control)thecompanywhentheCEOisaway.【答案】1.isdiscovered2.toprotect3.reporting5.havechecked6.iscancelled9.toimprove 10.isattending11.connected12.hashappened14.studied16.willbereported17.towin21.tocontrol二、完形填空Iammymother’sthirdchild.WhenIwasborn,thedoctorgentlyexplainedtomymotherthatmyleftarmwasmissing,belowtheelbow(肘部).Thenhegavehersome(1)______,“Don’ttreatherany(2)_______fromtheothergirls.Demandmore.”Andshe(3)_______!Mymotherhadtoworkto(4)________ourfamily.Therewerefivegirlsinourfamilyandweallhadto(5)_________.OncewhenIwasaboutseven,Icameoutofthekitchen,“Mom,Ican’tpeel(削……皮)potatoes.Ionlyhaveonehand.”“Yougetbacktopeelthosepotatoes,anddon’teverusethatasa(n)(6)_________foranythingagain!”O(jiān)fcourseIcouldpeelpotatoes-withmygoodhand,whileholdingthemdownwithmyotherarm.Therewasalwaysa(7)________,andMomknewit,“Ifyoutryhard(8)________,”shesaid,“youcandoanything.”O(jiān)nceinthesecondgrade,ourteacherhadeachofusraceacrossthemonkeybars(攀爬架).Whenitwasmyturn,I(9)_______myhead.Somekidslaughed.Iwenthomecrying.Afterworkthenextafternoon,Momtookmebacktotheschoolplayground.“Now,pullupwithyourrightarm”,sheadvised.Shestoodby(10)________Ipracticed,andshepraisedmewhenImadeprogress.I’llneverforgetthenexttimeIwascrossingthebars.Thekidswerestandingtherewiththeirmouthsopen.Itwasthewaywitheverything.WhenI(11)_______Ican’thandlethings,IseeMom’ssmileagain.Shehadtheheartto(12)_______anything.AndshetaughtmeIcould,too.1.A.warning

B.medicine

C.help

D.advice2.A.badly

B.differently

C.well

D.normally3.A.cried

B.refused

C.did

D.was4.A.care

B.help

C.support

D.feed5.A.findout

B.workout

C.carryout

D.helpout6.A.idea

B.change

C.excuse

D.tool7.A.chance

B.way

C.time

D.success8.A.too

B.enough

C.again

D.often9.A.hurt

B.nodded

C.shook

D.turned10.A.before

B.as

C.after

D.until11.A.know

B.fear

C.afraid

D.realize12.A.face

B.teach

C.learn

D.solve【答案】1-5DBCCD6-10CBBCB11-12BA三、閱讀理解Youarewatchingafilminwhichtwomenarehavingafight.Theyhitoneanotherhard.Atthestarttheyonlyfightwiththeirfists(拳頭).Butsoontheybeginhittingoneanotherovertheheadswithchairs.Andsoitgoesonuntiloneofthemencrashes(撞擊)throughawindowandfallsthirtyfeettothegroundbelow.Heisdead!Ofcourseheisn'treallydead.Withanyluckheisn'tevenhurt.Why?Becausethemenwhofalloutofhighwindows