福建省廈門市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題

廈門市2022-2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年級質(zhì)量檢測英語試題本試卷分五部分，共12頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。本試題附有答題卡。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、座號、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Pencils. B.Anice-cream. C.Ashirt.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havelunchwiththeman. B.SendanemailtoJohn.C.Checkthereport.3.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hegotwetintherain. B.Helosthisumbrella. C.Hemissedthebus.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atagasstation. B.Ontheroad. C.Atarepairshop.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Pictures. B.Acamera. C.Holidaydestinations.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherewillthemangethisluggage?A.InShanghai. B.InNewYork. C.InSeattle.7.Whichgateshouldthemangoto?A.Gate15. B.Gate20. C.Gate26.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Strangers. C.Schoolmates.9.Whenwillthemangotothewoman’s?A.ThisSaturdayafternoon. B.ThisSundayafternoon.C.NextSundayevening.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Practicedancing. B.Gotoaparty. C.Prepareforanexam.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthewoman’sfatherdoforher?A.Heboughtherapiano. B.Hetoldherhistorystories.C.Hegothersomedocumentaries.12.Whatdidthewoman’sgrandpabuyforher?A.Pianolessons. B.Historybooks. C.Educationalbooks. 13.Whatchangedthewoman’smother’smind?A.Astory. B.Abook. C.Adiary.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.HowmanypointsdidJaymesscore?A.10points. B.35points. C.45points.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoinginthefreetime?A.Watchingbasketballgames. B.Exploringgoodplaces.C.Practicingbasketball.16.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Intheman’shouse. B.Bythelake. C.Atthepark.17.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnThursday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdidthespeakerdoafterhertriptoScotland?A.Shevisitedapark. B.Shetouredacastle. C.Shejoinedagroup.19.Howdoesthehotelprotecttheenvironment?A.Itoffersreusableproducts. B.Itprovidescheapequipment.C.Itsuggestsshoweringforlesstime.20.Whatwasfreeinthefestival?A.Takingtaxis. B.Ridingbuses. C.Rentingbikes.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AJoinSandraOddoasshesharesavarietyoftipsandskillsformakingwineathomeusingelderflowersandelderberries.ItemsElderflowerWineRecipe(食譜)ElderberryWineRecipeIngredients●Elderflowers(atleastonequart);●1gallonofboilingwaterperquartofflowers;●2to2-1/2poundsofsugarpergallonofliquid;●2lemonspergallon,juiced;●1packetofdrywineyeast(酵母)per5gallonsofliquid.●Elderberries(atleast2gallons);●1gallonofboilingwaterper2gallonsofberries;●3-1/2to4poundsofsugarpergallonofboiled-downliquid;●1packetofdrywineyeastper5gallonsofliquid.Instructions●Cutaquartofflowersfromthestems;●Pouragallonofboilingwaterovertheflowers;●Lettheteasoakthreeorfourdayswiththeflowerspresseddownundertheliquid(theyturnbrownandruinthecolorofthedrinkifthey’releftintheair);●Strainoffthefluidandheatsomeofittodissolve2to2-1/2poundsofsugarpergallon;●Addthejuiceof2lemonspergallonalongwithyeast;●Letthemixtureworkinacontainerwithanairlock.●Picknicefatberriesabouttwodaysahead,removethemfromthestemsandsmashupthefruit:●Pourboilingwateroverthemixture,soakingforaboutaweek;●Keepthecontainercoveredwithatoweltoprotecttheworking“must”fromdustandtheoddyeastfloatingaroundintheair;●Strainoffandsavethejuiceandmix3-1/2to4poundsofsugarintoeachgallonoftheliquid.21.WhatisadifferentingredientwhenwearemakingElderflowerWineandElderberryWine?A.Water. B.Lemon. C.Sugar. D.Yeast.22.WhatisimportanttothenicecoloroftheElderflowerWine?A.Cuttingflowersfromthestems. B.Pouringboilingwateroverflowers.C.Pressingflowersdownundertheliquid. D.Addinganamountofsugartotheliquid.23.Whatisthetext?A.Arecipe. B.Asciencereport. C.Awinelist. D.Aflowerad.BRobertSansone,thewinnerofthe2022GeorgeD.YancopoulosInnovatorAward,isanaturalbornengineer.Fromrobotichandstohigh-speedrunningboots,Sansonehasworkedonatleastsixtyengineeringprojectstodateinhissparetime.Andhe’sonly17yearsold.Acoupleyearsago,Sansonecameacrossavideoabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectriccars.Itexplainsthatmostelectriccarenginesuserare-earthelements,whicharecostly,bothfinanciallyandenvironmentally.Infact,1kgoftherare-earthmaterialsinquestioncancostuptoseveralhundreddollars.Withthatsustainabilityissue,hewantedtosolveit,sohetriedanddesignedadifferentmotor(發(fā)動機).Hisnewmotor,ontheotherhand,usescopper,whichcostsaround$8for1kg.Thehighschoolerhadheardofatypeofelectricmotor—theSynchronousReluctanceMotor(SRM同步磁阻電動機)—thatdoesn’tusetheserare-earthmaterials.Thiskindofmotoriscurrentlyusedforpumpsandfans,butitisn’tpowerfulenoughbyitselftobeusedinanelectricvehicle.So,Sansonestartedbrainstormingwayshecouldimproveitsperformance.ForoverayearSansoneworkedonthemotor.Itneededtobemoreefficientandhavemorerotational(旋轉(zhuǎn))force.Thenewmotorwasmadefrom3-Dprintedplastic,copperwiresandasteelrotorandtestedusingavarietyofmeterstomeasurepower.Sansoneisnowworkingonversion16ofhismotor,whichheplanstobuildoutofstrongermaterialssohecantestitathigherrevolutionsperminute.Asarisingsenior,SansonehasdreamedofattendingMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Hiswinningsfromcompetitionswillgotowardcollegetuition.Ifhismotorcontinuestoperformwithhighspeedandefficiency,hesayshe’llmoveforwardandcooperatewithcarcompanies.Hehopesthatonedayhismotorwillbethedesignofchoiceforelectricvehicles.24.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph2?A.Toexplaintheuseofelectriccarengines. B.Tostressthecostoftherare-earthmaterials.C.Tointroduceavideoofpreviouselectriccars. D.ToshowSansone’sinspirationforhisnewmotor.25.WhichaspectdoesSansonemainlywanttoimproveinSRM?A.Itscost. B.Itssize. C.Itspower. D.Itsweight.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?AHeisstudyingintheMIT. B.Heaimshighforhismotor.C.Hehasstartedamotorcompany. DHewillenteranewcompetition.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRobertSansone?A.Giftedanddetermined. B.Caringandoutgoing.CHumorousandenergetic. DGenerousandhard-working.CHistoriansareoftenaskedtoexaminetheactionsofourancestorssowecanrepeattheirwisdomandavoidtheirmistakes.Butthepresentisjusttoodifferentfromthepast.ItisawasteoftimetostudyHannibal’sstrategiesintheSecondPunicWarsoastocopythemintheThirdWorldWar.Whatworkedwellincavalrybattleswillnotnecessarilybebeneficialincyberwar.Studyinghistoryaimstoloosen(松開)theholdofthepast.Ayoungcouplebuildinganewhomemayaskthearchitectforanicelawn(草坪)inthefrontyard.Whyalawn?“Becauselawnsarebeautiful,”thecouplemightexplain.Butwhydotheythinkso?TheideaofgrowingalawnattheentrancetoprivatehousesandpublicbuildingswasborninthecastlesofFrenchandEnglisharistocratsinthelateMiddleAges.Well-keptlawnsdemandedlandandalotofwork.Inexchange,theyproducednothingofvalue.Theneatgrassattheentrancetocastleswasasocialpositionsymbolnobodycouldpretendtohave.Laterthenewparliaments(議會),supremecourts,presidentialresidencesincreasinglyshowedtheirpowerinrowuponrowofneatgreengrass.Humanscametoidentifylawnswithpoliticalpower,socialpositionandeconomicwealth.Whenyounowcometoplanyourdreamhouse,youmightthinktwiceabouthavingalawninthefrontyard.Youareofcoursestillfreetodoit.Butyouarealsofreetoshakeofftheculturalcargogiventoyoubytheupperclass.Thisisthebestreasontolearnhistory:notinordertoguessthefuture,buttofreeyourselfofthepastandimaginedifferentlives.Ofcoursethisisnottotalfreedom—wecannotavoidbeingshapedbythepast.Butsomefreedomisbetterthannone.28.WhydoestheauthormentionHannibalandcavalrybattlesinparagraph1?A.Toillustratewhyfuturecyberwarisdifficult.BTohighlighthowimportanthistoricalwarfareis.C.Toshowthatpastexperiencemaynotsuitthepresent.D.Toexplainwhatstrategieshistoricalfiguresdeveloped.29.Whatdoestheauthorbelieveistherealreasonforgrowingalawn?A.Itsconnectionwithpowerandwealth. B.Itshighmaintenancerequirements.C.ItsoriginfromEuropeancastles. D.Itsoutstandingnaturalbeauty.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“culturalcargo”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Culturalmistakes. B.Culturalstandards.C.Historicalbuildings. D.Historicalknowledge.31.Accordingtotheauthor,studyinghistoryisto__________.A.guesseventsinthefuture B.repeatwisedecisionsC.understandculturalchanges D.reducethecontrolfromthepastDThefirsthibernation(冬眠)studieswithhumansubjectscouldbeworkablewithinadecade,aEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)researcherthinks.Suchexperimentswouldmakeitpossibleforascience-fiction-likeapproachtolong-timespacemissionsthatwouldseeastronautsplacedintoprotectivesleepforweeksormonthsontheirwaytofarawaydestinations.Experimentshaveshownthatit’spossibletocausehibernationinotherwisenon-hibernatinganimals,suchasrats,andbringthemsafelybacktolifeafewdayslater.“Theratsreceiveadrug,aneurotransmittersubstance(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)),andarebroughtintoadarkspacewithreducedtemperature,”JurgenBereiter-Hahn,amemberofESA’shibernationresearchgroupsaid.“Itworksverynicely,buttheproblemisthatyouhavetoapplythedrugrepeatedlytomaintainthestate,whichcouldhavedamagingeffectsoverthelongerterm.”Thehibernatingastronautwouldnotonlysavetheagencycostforwater,foodandoxygen.Astronautswould,mostlikely,wakeupratherfit,withoutsufferingmanyofthenegativesideeffectsoflong-termbedrestorlivinginmicrogravity.Infact,studiesshowthatthesloweddowncellsofahibernatingbodydon’tgetdamagedbyradiation(輻射).Besides,researchinanimalssuggeststhatbodiesofhibernatingastronautsmightlosemuchlessboneandmusclemassthanthebodiesofthoseawakeinmicrogravity.Uponarrival,thesehibernatorswouldthusbefitandreadytostartchallengingexplorationalmoststraightawayafterregainingawareness.Theseprotectivequalitiesmakehibernationapossibilitynotjustforspaceflight,butalsoformedicine.Justlikeastronautsinmicrogravity,patientsinlong-termbedrestwasteawayquickly.Slowinglifeprocessestoaminimumwouldprovidewhatscientistscalla“bridge”,aperiodoftimethatwouldallowphysicianstolookforsolutionswithoutracingagainsttheclock.Althoughmostcurrenthibernationresearchisfundedbyspaceagencies,scientiststhinkthatthefirsthumantobeputintothisstateofhibernationwillmostlikelybeanICUpatient.Oncethefirsthumansurvivesandbenefitsfromhibernation,thingswilllikelystartmovingforwardmuchfaster.32.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatdothehibernationstudiesmainlyaimtodo?A.Improvesleepqualityinspace. B.Investigatehibernationmystery.C.Promotemannedspaceexploration. D.Enrichsciencefictionwritingmethods.33.Whatisachallengeinthehibernationexperiments?A.Ensuringproperlighting. B.Bringinganimalsbacktolife.C.Maintaininglowtemperature. D.Controllingpossiblesideeffects.34.Whatadvantagemighthibernationbringtoastronauts?A.Itmighthelptokeepphysicalfitness. B.Itmightincreaselong-termbedrest.C.Itmightdecreaseradiationcontact. D.Itmightraisementalawareness.35.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theroleofphysiciansinmonitoringhibernatingpatients.B.Thepossibleapplicationofhibernationbeyondspaceflight.C.Theimportanceforincreasingfundsforhibernationresearch.D.Theneedofhumanexperimentsinadvancinghibernationstudies.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wewelcomedadaughterintotheworldyesterday.Oneday,when.sheneedsfinancialadvice,here’swhatI’lltellher.Itiseasytoassumethatwealthandpoverty(貧困)arecausedbythechoiceswemake,butchanceplaysabiggerrolethanmostpeoplewanttoadmit.36Butrealizenotallsuccessisduetohardwork,andnotallpovertyisduetolaziness.Keepthisinmindwhenjudgingpeople,includingyourself.Everythinghasaprice.Thepriceofabusyjobistimeawayfromfriendsandfamily.Thepriceofspoiling(寵溺)kidsistheirshelteredlife.Mostofthosepricesarehidden.37Acceptingthis,you’llviewthingsliketimeandrelationshipsasvaluableascash.Ibelievethehighestbenefitofmoneyistheabilitytocontrolyourtime.Beingabletodowhatyouwant,whenyouwant,whereyouwant,withwhomyouwant,foraslongasyouwant,providesalastinghappinessgreaterthananyfancythingscanoffer.38Havingenoughsavingstogiveyoutimeandoptionsnevergetsold.39Youhavemorecontroloveritthanyourincome.Thepersonwhomakes$50,000butonlyneeds$40,000tobehappyisricherthanthepersonwhomakes$150,000butneeds$151,000tobehappy.AsNapoleondefined,amilitarytalentistheperson“whocandotheaveragethingwheneveryoneelseislosinghismind”.40Youdon’tneedtodoamazingthingstoendupOK.Avoidingterriblemistakesismorepowerfulthananyfancyfinancetips.A.We’renotgoingtospoilyou.B.Managingmoneyisthesame.C.Iwantyoutobelieveinthevaluesofhardwork.D.Learninghowtolivewithlessisveryimportant.E.Youjusthavetonotmessupforlongperiodsoftime.F.Theexcitementofhavingfancythingswearsoffquickly.G.They’reoftenworthpaying,butneverignorethattheyaretruecosts.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Icomefromalonglineoffarmers.WhenmyparentsmovedtoWisconsin,farmingallowedthemto41backtoLaos,totheculture,andtheland.Wisconsin’scornfields42thericefieldsofLaos.Butformeasachild,farmingwasjusta43.Iwouldbeassigned(分配)arowofgreenbeans.Mymom44meabigbasketanditwasmy45tofillit.ThatwashowIspentmysummervacation46myfriendswereeitheratcampordoingotherfunactivities.Ididn’t47howfarmingbroughthopetomyparentsuntilIwasanadult.Iama48removedfromLaosandIhavefoundthatfarmingallowsmeto49myparents’story.Itallowsmetoseealittlebitintotheirstory.WhatI’ve50frommymomisthatyoucangrowjustaboutanything.Mymomwantstostartgrowing51likeshedidbackinLaos.Withasnowyclimate,itissomethingIneverthought52here.Tome,thisshowsresilience(適應(yīng)力).Maybeit53andmaybeitdoesn’t.Butthereis54inthat.Asakid,IhateddoingfarmworkandIneverthoughtthatsomedayIwouldsaythatIkindof55puttingmyfeetinthemudandweeding(除草)thecorn.41.A.connect B.head C.retire D.report42.A.changed B.covered C.replaced D.affected43A.dream B.game C.chore D.mystery44.A.sold B.gave C.sent D.lent45.A.intention B.opportunity C.choice D.job46.A.while B.if C.since D.until47.A.regret B.monitor C.appreciate D.complain48.A.generation B.graduate C.professional D.beginner49A.giveaway B.makeup C.actout D.relateto50.A.expected B.learned C.chosen D.demanded51.A.corn B.rice C.beans D.flowers52.A.flexible B.necessary C.legal D.possible53.A.improves B.revives C.works D.exists54.A.confusion B.permission C.balance D.hope55.A.miss B.risk C.delay D.escape第二節(jié)（共3篇，10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~，或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AIexperiencedChina’sNaadamFestivalinInnerMongoliaforthefirsttime.Thefestivalfeatureshorseracing,wrestling,andarchery.IsawalotofpeoplewearingsplendidMongolianrobes56learnedabouttheirancestraltradition.Intheuniquewrestlingcompetition,I57(move)bytheshowofstrengthandgrace.CelebratingNaadamwas58(absolute)worthwhile,andIeagerlyhopetoexperiencemoreoftheircultureina59(tradition)Mongoliantentandenjoyhotpotinwinter.BFilmscoresplayanimportantroleinshapingtheemotionalimpactofamovie60itsviewers.Theysignalhowtofeelaboutwhatishappeningonscreenandarealways61formofclassicalmusic.JohnWilliams’scoresforJawsandStarWarsareexamplesillustratinghowagoodscorecanimprovethemovieexperience.HansZimmer’sandTanDun’sscoresshowdifferentstylesandideasforfilmscores.WhileZimmer’sandWilliams’scoresaremoreconventional(傳統(tǒng)的),TanDun’sclassicalmusicbackgroundallowshisscorestostandaloneasworksofartwithoutneedingafilm62(support)them.CTheterm“carbootsale”referstothesellingofitemsfromacar’strunk(后備箱).Mostofthegoodsonsaleareusedpersonalitemswithonlyafewofprofessionaltraders63(sell)goods.However,inagrowingtrend(趨勢),all-yearhard-standingoutdoorbootsales,arenowappearingeverywhere,especiallyinChina,64(know)asthetrunkfairs.Itisverywelcomingtothose65wanttoruntheirownbusinessatalowcost.Itemsforsaleareextremelyvaried,includingsnacksandsoftdrinks.TheyouthinChinaareexploringanewlifestylethroughthetrunkfairs.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校英文報正在舉辦主題為“戲劇人物評析”的征文活動。請你從《百萬英鎊》中挑選一個人物，寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.人物介紹；2.你的評析。注意：1.參考人物：HenryAdams,thebrothers（RoderickandOliver），theclerksortheownerinthetailor’sshop…；2.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右3.請在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。第二節(jié)（滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成-篇完整的短文。Everyculturehasa