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題源閱讀第27期(難度45-55)篇章1SheDreamADreamTL指數(shù)63TL全文長(zhǎng)度320段落數(shù)5句子數(shù)15平均句長(zhǎng)21難詞比17%長(zhǎng)/難句3建議用時(shí)6-8minSusanBoylespentherearlylifefaithfullyattendingherlocalCatholicchurch,takingsinginglessonsandperforminginsmallkaraokes,andcaringforheragingmother,whomshepromisedthatshewouldsomedayenterasingingcontest.Boyle'sfirstpublicperformanceafterherdearmotherpassedawayin2007wasbeforeanenormousaudience一morethan10millionviewersofa2009episode(插曲)ofBritain'sGotTalent.Asshewalkedonstage,47-year-oldBoylewasgreetedbyasurprisedanddoubtfulaudience.Andthen,asiftheworldstoppedforjustamoment,shewontheaudienceandsurprisedthejudgesasshesangIDreamedaDream.Herdreamswiftlybecamerealityastensofmillionsofviewersaroundtheworldbecameacquaintedwithherphenomenalperformancethroughthelivebroadcastandanonlinevideo.Bytheendof2009,however,theworldwasveryawareofBoyle.AftershecameinsecondonBritain'sGotTalent,herfirstalbum,releasedinNovember2009,becamethebest-sellingalbumofalltimeintheUK.Herfollowingalbumshavebeenextremelysuccessfulaswell.Shehastouredwidely,workedwithhouseholdnames,andperformedbeforetheQueenofEngland.Whowasshe,wheredidshecomefrom,andthemostoftenheard一wherehasshebeen?!Boyleneverwanttobecomeastar.Overtheyears,shehadquietlypursuedherdreamsfromthesmallvillageofBlackburn,WestLothian,Scotland,gainingjustabitoflocalreputationbyperformingatchurchandcommunityevents.Asachild,shestruggledwithlearningdifferencesand,shesays,wasinterestedinsinging.Inadditiontoshowingherhugetalent,andmostimportantly,SusanBoylehasbeenaninspirationtomany.Sheisabeautifulexampleofovercomingthestereotypes(老套)ofageandcircumstance,torisetoworldrecognition.Herfirstpublicsongisreallyherstory—shedreamedadream.sfirstpublicinparagraphsfirstpublicinparagraphWhatdoestheviewersreacttoBoyle'performance?Theymakefriendswithherquicklybymedia.Theyareseepticalabouthershow.Theyareoutofbreathbecauseofhershow.Theyareattracteddeeplybyherperformance.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?Boylepursuesherdreamsquietly.Boyleoftenperformsinlocalschool.Boyleisfondofsingingatheryoungage.Boylehasagoodreputationinhervillage.3?Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pursued”3means?Wentafter.Achieved.CarriedonPredicted4.Whatisthetextmainlyintendedtoconvey?Womanshouldbeequaltomeninsingingcontest.WomenshouldkeepenergeticbysinginginpublicPeopleshouldalsohavedreamattheirmiddleages.Peopledon'tlosetheirdreamduetoageandcondition重點(diǎn)詞匯publicperformanee公開(kāi)演出morethan比…更;比…更重要;超出需要;超乎尋常插曲interludesongsinafilmorplayonstage舞臺(tái)上的;表演的;上臺(tái),上場(chǎng)asif好像…一樣,仿佛,似乎;好像,仿佛,似乎;好像,仿佛,似乎justamoment稍等aroundtheworld全世界全文翻譯:蘇珊?博伊爾早年忠實(shí)地參加了當(dāng)?shù)氐奶熘鹘烫?,上過(guò)歌唱課,在小卡拉0K里表演,還照顧年邁的母親,她承諾有一天她會(huì)參加歌唱比賽。2007年,博伊爾在她親愛(ài)的母親去世后的第一次公開(kāi)演出,是在2009年《英國(guó)達(dá)人》的一集(TheBritain'sGotTalent)的1000多萬(wàn)觀眾面前。當(dāng)她走上舞臺(tái)時(shí),47歲的博伊爾受到了一個(gè)驚訝而懷疑的觀眾的歡迎。然后,世界好像停了一會(huì)兒,她在演唱《我的夢(mèng)想》時(shí)贏得了觀眾,也讓評(píng)委們大吃一驚,她的夢(mèng)想很快變成了現(xiàn)實(shí),全世界數(shù)以千萬(wàn)計(jì)的觀眾通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播和網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻了解了她的精彩表演。然而,到了2009年底,全世界都對(duì)博伊爾非常了解。在《英國(guó)達(dá)人》排名第二之后,她于2009年11月發(fā)行的第一張專(zhuān)輯成為了英國(guó)有史以來(lái)最暢銷(xiāo)的專(zhuān)輯。她的以下專(zhuān)輯也非常成功。她曾廣泛巡演,與家喻戶(hù)曉的明星合作,并在英國(guó)女王。她是誰(shuí),她從哪里來(lái),最常聽(tīng)到的是她去過(guò)哪里?!博伊爾從不想成為明星。多年來(lái),她一直在蘇格蘭西洛錫安布萊克本的小村莊默默追尋夢(mèng)想,通過(guò)在教堂和社區(qū)活動(dòng)中的表演獲得了一點(diǎn)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆曌u(yù)。小時(shí)候,她努力學(xué)習(xí)不同的東西,她說(shuō),她對(duì)唱歌很感興趣。蘇珊?博伊爾不僅展示了她的巨大才華,而且最重要的是,她給了很多人靈感。她是一個(gè)克服年齡和環(huán)境陳規(guī)定型觀念、贏得世界認(rèn)可的美麗例子。她的第一首公開(kāi)歌曲實(shí)際上是她的故事,她夢(mèng)想了一個(gè)夢(mèng)。答案解析:1、答案:D細(xì)節(jié)理解解析:根據(jù)第二段第三句"Andthen,asiftheworldstoppedforjustamoment,shecapturedtheaudienceandsurprisedthejudgesasshesangIDreamedaDFe的t苗述可知,人們被她的表演深深吸引。故選D。2、答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解解析:根據(jù)第三段第三句"Overtheyears,shehadquietlypursuedherdreamsfromthesmallvillageofBlackburn,WestLothian,Scotland,...and,shesays,wasinterestedinsinging.”的描述可知,小時(shí)候,Boyle就喜歡唱歌。故選C。3、答案:A詞義推斷解析:A.Wentaftei追求;B.Achieved實(shí)現(xiàn);C.Carriedonl繼續(xù);D.Predicte預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Boyleneverwanttobecomeastar."的描述可知,此處pursued意為"追求符合文意。故選A。4、答案:D主旨要義解析:根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Sheisabeautifulexampleofovercomingthestereotypesofageandcircumstance,torisetoworldrecognition.Herfirstpublicsongisreallyherstory—shedreamedadream.”的描述可知,這篇文章想傳達(dá)給我們的是人們不要因?yàn)槟挲g和條件而失去他們的夢(mèng)想。故選D。篇章2ForManyNavajos,GettingHookedUpToThePowerGridCanBeLife-ChangingTL指數(shù):43TL全文長(zhǎng)度:269段落數(shù):5句子數(shù):20平均句長(zhǎng):13難詞比:6%長(zhǎng)/難句:0建議用時(shí):5-6minNeldaBilliehasbeenwaitingtoturnonlightsinherhomefor15years."We'vebeenlivingoffthoseoillanterns,"shesays."Nowwedon'thavetohaveflashlightseverywhere.Allthekidshaveaflashlight.Whentheygetupinthemiddleofthenighttousetherestroom,theyhaveaflashlighttogototheouthouse."Billie,herhusbandandtheirfivekidsliveinatiny,one—roomcottagebuiltwithwoodandmud,whichisatraditionalNavajohome.TheirthreesheepareeatingthegreengrassthatcarpetstherollinghillsofDillon,Ariz.Theywatchtwomeninacherrypickerhookthelastpowerlinetotheirhome.OutsidetheBillieshome,thecouplewaitspatientlfortheworkerstofinishthejob.Finally,afterwaitingforsolong,theBillieswatchtheforemanturnonthemeterbehindtheirhouseandclosethecover.Neldathenrunsinsidetoopentheswitch."It'ssoexcitingtofinallyhaveelectricityhereaftersomanyyearswithoutit,"Billiesays."Mykidsaregoingtobesohappy.Theykeepaskingeveryday...Theygo,'Momwe'regoingtohavelight!We'regoingtofinallyhavelight!'"Billiesaysthey'vegonethroughtoomanyelectricalmachinetocount."Mytwoboys,theyhavereallybadallergiesandtheyhaveasth哮喘),sosometimestheyneedthesprayer噴霧器),"Billiesays."Soweusuallygotomymom'shouse,travelinthemiddleofthenightovertherebackandforth."NowthefamilywillwaitandprayforrunningwaterandInternet.WhatcanknowabouttheBilliesinthepast15years?Theyhavelivedinapoorcondition.Theyhavepossessedmanyflashlights.Theyhaveusedoillanternsinrestroom.Theyhavegoneeverywherewithoutlights.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“hook”underlinedinparagraph2?Move.Repair.Deliver.Link.HowdoesNeldaBillieoftenfindelectricitytotreatherchildren'sillness?Bywalkingsofartofriends'.Bygoingtohermom'shouse.Byproducingelectricityherself.Byinvitingworkerstoherhouse.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Theoillanternshavedisappeared.ElectricitygivestheBillies'hope.People'sfutureisdeterminedbyelectricity.Theworkersarebusyconstructingpowerline.單詞與詞組:hasbeen已經(jīng)turnon打開(kāi);接通;誘惑;激發(fā)…的性欲;突然表現(xiàn)得;突然裝出;對(duì)…進(jìn)行身體攻擊;斥責(zé);依靠;取決于haveto必須;不得不;勸告或建議時(shí)用;表示一定真實(shí)或肯定發(fā)生theyhave他們有;他們剛點(diǎn)了吃的;他們?cè)诩页栽绮蚻ivein住在學(xué)習(xí)或工作的地方;住在;存在于…;為…而生存greengrass青草;青;芳草rollinghills綿延起伏的山巒cherrypicker櫻桃?jiàn)A式升降臺(tái);車(chē)載升降臺(tái);摘櫻桃的人powerline輸電線;電源線全文翻譯:內(nèi)爾達(dá)?比莉已經(jīng)等了15年了,她說(shuō):“我們一直靠油燈為生?,F(xiàn)在我們不必到處都有手電筒了。所有的孩子都有手電筒。當(dāng)他們半夜起來(lái)上廁所時(shí),他們就有手電筒去外面?!北壤?,她的丈夫和他們的五個(gè)孩子住在一個(gè)小的,只有一個(gè)房間的木屋和泥屋,這是納瓦霍人的傳統(tǒng)家園。他們的三只羊正在吃綠色的草,覆蓋著亞利桑那州迪隆的起伏的山丘。他們看著兩個(gè)男人在采櫻桃的人鉤住最后一根通往他們家的電線。在比利家外面,這對(duì)夫婦耐心地等待著工人們完成工作。最后,在等了這么久之后,比利家看著工頭打開(kāi)他們家后面的電表,關(guān)上蓋子。內(nèi)爾達(dá)跑進(jìn)去打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)。“這么多年沒(méi)電了,終于有電了,真是太令人興奮了,比莉說(shuō):“我的孩子們會(huì)很高興的。他們每天都在問(wèn)……他們會(huì)說(shuō):'媽媽?zhuān)覀儠?huì)有光明的!'!我們終于有光明了!”比莉說(shuō),他們用了太多的電機(jī),數(shù)不清?!拔业膬蓚€(gè)孩子,他們有很?chē)?yán)重的過(guò)敏,還有哮喘(哮喘),所以有時(shí)候他們需要噴霧器(哮喘檢測(cè)儀),”比莉說(shuō)?!八晕覀兺ǔHノ覌尲?,半夜在那里來(lái)回奔波?!爆F(xiàn)在一家人將等待和祈禱自來(lái)水和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。答案解析:1、答案:A推理判斷解析:根據(jù)第一段中"We'vebeenlivingoffthoseoillanterns,"shesays....Whentheygetupinthemiddleofthenighttousetherestroom,theyhaveaflashlighttogototheouthouse.""的描述可知,NeldaBill一家曾經(jīng)生活條件很差。故選A。2、答案:D詞義推斷解析:A.Move移動(dòng);B.Repair修理;C.Deliverf專(zhuān)遞;D.Link連接上。根據(jù)前文“Theywatchtwomeninacherrypickerhookthelastpowerlinetotheirhome."的描述可知,此處把電線連到家中符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。3、答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解解析:根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Soweusuallygotomymom'shouse,travelinthemiddleofthenightoveiherebackandforth."'的描述可知,為了給孩子們治療疾病,NeldaBill經(jīng)常到母親的家中找電使用,故選B。4、答案:B主旨要義解析:在經(jīng)歷了15年的等待后,NeldaBilli一家終于迎來(lái)了電,電不僅帶給人們光明,同時(shí)還會(huì)帶來(lái)其他方面的便利,如NeldaBill的孩子患有過(guò)敏和哮喘,需要用電噴霧器等。有了電,人們就能獲得自來(lái)水和上網(wǎng)等??傊?,電帶給NeldaBill一家希望。故選B。篇章3UberandLyftmaybemakingSanFrancisco'strafficworseTL指數(shù):69TL全文長(zhǎng)度:334段落數(shù):4句子數(shù):13平均句長(zhǎng):25難詞比:21%長(zhǎng)/難句:4建議用時(shí):6-8minIt'snonewstoSanFranciscocitizensthattrafficisgettingworse.Now,anewstudysuggthebiggestculprit,from2010to2016,werecarsdrivingfortheride-sharingcompaniesUberandLyft,whichbothlocateinSanFrancisco.Thenewfindingsarebasedonacomputermodelthatsimulated(模擬)thespeedoftrafficwithUberandLyftvehiclesremoved.Acomparisonoftrafficspeedsfrom2010,beforeride-sharingappswerewidelyused,with2016showsthetimecarsspentsittinginSanFranciscotrafficincreasedby69%.Tofindouthowmuchofthatwascausedbyride-sharingvehicles,researchersusedthemodeltoforecastwhattrafficmighthavebeenlikein2016withoutUberorLyft.Todothis,theauthorsneededtoknowhowmanyadditionalcarsLyftandUberwereputtingonthestreets.Whenthecompaniesrefusedtosharethisinformation,researchersusedaprogramthathadthousandsof“ghostusers”testtheUberandLyftappsevery5secondsfor6weeksin2016,indicatingthelocationsofnearbydrivers—andhowmanywereonthestreetsatanygiventime.Themodelcloselypredictedthereal-lifetrafficseenin2010and,afterpluggingintheUberandLyftdriverdata,2016.Theresearchersthenusedthemodeltopicture2016trafficminusthecarsdrivingforUberandLyft.Withoutthosecars,themodelestimated(估計(jì))justa12%increaseintrafficdelaysfrom2010to2016,suggestingride-sharingcompanieswereresponsibleformorethanhalfofSanFrancisco'sreal-worldtrafficincrease.TherestofSanFrancisco'strafficincreasewasaccountedforbygrowthinpopulationandemployment.UberandLyfthavelongsaidtheirservicesmayrelieveurbantrafficjamsbyofferingeasyaccesstopublictransportation.Uberdidnotrespond,butaspokespersonforLyftsaidthestudy—whichhasthepotentialtoaffecttransportationpolicydecisions—doesnotadequatelyaccountfortrafficgrowthbecauseoftourismordeliveryserviceslikeAmazon.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“culprit”underlinedinParagraph1?Criminal.Cause.Prisoner.Result.Whatismostimportantwhendecidingifride-sharingvehiclesaretoblame?Simulatingthetrafficspeedwithride-sharingvehiclesremoved.Calculatinghowmuchoftheincreasewascausedbyride-sharingvehicles.Adoptingthecomputermodeltoforecastthetrafficsituationin2016.TestingtheUberandLyftappsevery5secondsfor6weeksin2016.Whatcanweinferfromthedatagatheredinthestudy?Growthinemploymentaccountedforthetrafficincrease.Growthinpopulationwasresponsibleforthetrafficincrease.Theincreaseintrafficdelaysfrom2010to2016was12%.Thepresenceofride-sharingcompaniesledtothetrafficincrease.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?RideSharingVehicles:BurdenorRelief?UberandLyft:WhichCompanyistoBlame?TourismandDeliveryServices:ReasonforTrafficDelayComputerModel:EffectiveWaytoMonitortheTrafficSpeed重點(diǎn)詞匯snoOptionOffered無(wú)期權(quán)出售SanFrancisco舊金山basedon以為基礎(chǔ);在基礎(chǔ)上,以為依據(jù)computermodel計(jì)算機(jī)型號(hào)模擬imitate;simulate;analog;analogyfindout發(fā)現(xiàn),找出,查明;查出…行為不軌howmuch多少knowhow懂得如何做;能全文翻譯:對(duì)舊金山市民來(lái)說(shuō),交通狀況越來(lái)越糟不是什么新聞。現(xiàn)在,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明,從2010年到2016年,最大的罪魁禍?zhǔn)资菫閁ber和Lyft這兩家都位于舊金山的共享單車(chē)公司駕駛的汽車(chē)。新的發(fā)現(xiàn)是基于一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)模型,該模型模擬了Uber和Lyft車(chē)輛被移除后的交通速度。對(duì)比2010年的交通速度,在共享單車(chē)應(yīng)用廣泛使用之前,2016年的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,汽車(chē)在舊金山停留的時(shí)間增加了69%。為了找出其中有多少是由共享單車(chē)造成的,研究人員利用該模型預(yù)測(cè)了2016年沒(méi)有Uber或Lyft的情況下的交通狀況。為了做到這一點(diǎn),作者需要知道Lyft和Uber在街上增加了多少輛車(chē)。當(dāng)這些公司拒絕分享這些信息時(shí),研究人員使用了一個(gè)程序,在2016年的6周內(nèi),每5秒就有數(shù)千名“幽靈用戶(hù)”測(cè)試Uber和Lyft應(yīng)用程序,顯示附近司機(jī)的位置以及在任何給定時(shí)間有多少人在街上。該模型密切預(yù)測(cè)了2010年的實(shí)際交通量,并在插入了Uber和Lyft的駕駛員數(shù)據(jù)后,預(yù)測(cè)了2016年的實(shí)際交通量。研究人員隨后利用該模型描繪了2016年的交通量減去Uber和Lyft的汽車(chē)行駛量。該模型估計(jì),如果沒(méi)有這些汽車(chē),從2010年到2016年,交通延誤只會(huì)增加12%,這表明共享單車(chē)公司對(duì)舊金山實(shí)際交通增長(zhǎng)的一半以上負(fù)有責(zé)任。舊金山交通增長(zhǎng)的其余部分是由人口和就業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)造成的。優(yōu)步(Uber)和Lyft長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直表示,他們的服務(wù)可以通過(guò)提供方便的公共交通來(lái)緩解城市交通堵塞。Uber沒(méi)有回應(yīng),但Lyft的一位發(fā)言人表示,這項(xiàng)有可能影響交通政策決策的研究并沒(méi)有充分說(shuō)明交通增長(zhǎng)的原因,因?yàn)槁糜螛I(yè)或亞馬遜這樣的快遞服務(wù)。答案解析:1、答案:B詞義推斷解析:本題的主要解題線索在第一段第一句。對(duì)于舊金山的市民來(lái)說(shuō),交通變?cè)愀庖呀?jīng)不是什么新鮮事了。根據(jù)這樣的語(yǔ)境,后文(即第二句)想表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)為最大的‘元兇'是那些為Uber和Lyft跑單的汽車(chē)”。這兩家共享汽車(chē)公司都在舊金山,所以舊金山交通變擁堵也不奇怪。前句與后句是結(jié)果和原因的邏輯關(guān)系,所以選B項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)與文中的cars不符合,而D項(xiàng)因果邏輯倒置,故不選。2、答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解解析:A選項(xiàng),僅模擬沒(méi)有共享汽車(chē)時(shí)候的情況是不夠的,且選項(xiàng)也未說(shuō)明是模擬何時(shí)的情況,故不選。C選項(xiàng),僅有2016年的數(shù)據(jù)也無(wú)法進(jìn)行對(duì)比,所以也不選。D選項(xiàng),用軟件來(lái)測(cè)試只是為了判定共享汽車(chē)的大致數(shù)量,也無(wú)法據(jù)此判定共享汽車(chē)是否導(dǎo)致了擁堵。綜上,弄清楚共享汽車(chē)在交通擁堵中所占的比例才能判定其是否應(yīng)該為擁堵負(fù)責(zé),故選B。3、答案:D推理判斷解析:根據(jù)研究,2010年到2016年,交通擁堵上漲69%,再根據(jù)計(jì)算機(jī)模型,扣除共享汽車(chē)的份額,只剩12%,可以推算出共享汽車(chē)導(dǎo)致交通擁堵的份額占比達(dá)57%,所以選D。A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)在研究里并沒(méi)有涉及到數(shù)據(jù),而C選項(xiàng)不需要推斷,故不選。4、答案:A主旨要義解析:全文重點(diǎn)在報(bào)道一項(xiàng)新研究。根據(jù)研究結(jié)果,共享汽車(chē)似乎應(yīng)該為交通擁堵負(fù)責(zé),但該研究并未指出哪個(gè)公司影響更大。此外,文章中提到的人口增長(zhǎng),就業(yè)增加,旅游業(yè)和快遞業(yè)等因素,并不是文章主要分析討論的原因,故選A。篇章4RemoteIslandChainHasFewPeople一ButHundredsOfMillionsOfPiecesOfPlasticTL指數(shù):55TL全文長(zhǎng)度:293段落數(shù):8句子數(shù):17平均句長(zhǎng):17難詞比:14%長(zhǎng)/難句:1建議用時(shí):5-7minWhenmarinebiologistJenniferLaversfromAustraliatraveledtoaremotestringofislandsintheIndianOceantoseehowmuchplasticwastehadwasheduponthebeaches,here'sjusptartofwhatshefound:“373,000toothbrushesandaround975,000shoes,largelyflfilopp-s.”Theislandwasagoodplacetomeasureplasticwastebecausealmostnoonelivesthere.Thatmeanttheplastictherewasn't—Lcictalfloatec—inandnoonewaspickingitup."It'sthelittlestuffthat'sperfectlybitesized,"Laverssays."Thestuffthatfishandsquidandbirdsandeventurtlescaneat."Laversdidn'tjustcountthestuffonthesurface.Shedugdown4inchesintothesand."Whatwasreallyquiteamazingwasthatthedeeperwewent,"shesays,"themoreplasticwewereactuallyfinding."Whathappensisthatthesunbreaksdowntheplasticonthesurface,andthewavesstrikeitintotinypiecesanddriveitintothesand.Lavers'teamofresearchersstudiedsevenoftheislands,bymarkingoff11橫hsects(斷面)onbeachesandcountingalltheplasticinsideeachtransect."So,morethan414millionpiecesofplasticareestimatedtobecurrentlysittingontheCocosKeelingIslands,weighingremarkable238tons,"Laverssays.Shewasflabbergasted.It'sbecomingincreasinglyclearthatnoplaceontheplanetseemsimmunefromplasticwaste.TaketheArctic,forexample."Wastesaretransportedviaaircurrentsinadditiontooceancurrents,"EcologistChelseaRochmanattheUniversityofTorontoexplains."Andthere(intheArctic),weseehighconcentrationsofsmallmicrofibersandsmallparticles,andso,absolutely,youexpectdifferentthingsindifferentplaces.Andwhatyoufindtelyousomethingaboutwhereit'scomingfrom."Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressbymentioningthenumbers?ToshowLaversisgoodincalculating.Toshowtheplasticpollutionisveryserious.Totellthebeachisverybroad.Totellwastingofmanisveryserious.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordi

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