人教版（2023）選擇性必修第三冊Unit 1 Art Discover Useful Structures 不定式作表語課件(共26張PPT)

第第頁人教版（2023）選擇性必修第三冊Unit1ArtDiscoverUsefulStructures不定式作表語課件(共26張PPT)(共26張PPT)

Grammar動詞不定式作表語

Unit1Art

Lead-in

1.Perhapsthebest____tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.

2.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_________ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.

3.Inhiswork,Monet’s___wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene…

4._______________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”

way

purpose

aim

Whattheyattemptedtodo

Readthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.

不定式:是一種非謂語動詞。

1.非謂語動詞:是指那些在句中不能單獨充當謂語的動詞，

2.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分。

3.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式。

不定式的定義:

Presentation

動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓語補足語等，但不能作謂語。動詞不定式(短語)作表語主要表主動和表將來。

基本形式：to+動詞原形

其否定形式是:“not/nevertodo”/notdo

動詞不定式做表語

主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)

一般式todotobedone

進行式tobedoing

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone

完成進行式tohavebeendoing

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1.結(jié)構(gòu)

動詞不定式可放在be和become,sound,taste等__________后

面作表語，由“todo”構(gòu)成。

2.時態(tài)

動詞不定式作表語時，如果不定式和邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系應(yīng)使用__________如果是被動關(guān)系應(yīng)該使用___________。

例1：Hisgoalis_____________(be)avolunteeratthelocalhospitalinthecomingholidays.

例2：Hisgoalis______________(admit)intoPekingUniversitythissummer.

動詞不定式

系動詞

tobecome

tobeadmitted

todo

tobedone

動詞不定式作表語

1.主語通常是suggestion,advice,proposal,aim,goal,purpose,plan,ambition,idea,intention,way,dream,duty,task,wish,hope等表示意向、打算、計劃的詞，一般用不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。

有時根據(jù)表達的需要，在作表語的不定式前，添加疑問代詞/副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等,構(gòu)成“疑問詞+todo”作表語。

例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.

Herwishistobeateacher.

Thedutyofsoldiersistodefendtheircountry.

1）主語是表示意向、打算、計劃等的詞，如aim，purpose,wish,idea,task,plan，decision，choice，duty,dream,job等詞時，常用不定式作表語。

不定式作表語用法

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動詞不定式(短語)作表語的用法

1．表示目的

Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowwhatisneeded.

Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.

Herdreamistomakeamovie.

舉辦2022年冬季奧運會是我們國家巨大的榮幸。

Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.

作主語

判斷下列不定式在句中作何成分

2．表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預期的結(jié)果、不幸的命運或預言。

Youaretodieatninetyeight.

Youmustspeakout，ifwearetoremainfriends.

Thatexperiencewastochangehiswholelife.

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3.表示“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等

Theyaretomarrynextweek.

Childrenarenottosmoke.

Youmustbepatientifyouaretosucceed.

Youaretohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.

Presentation

Severalproblemsremaintobesettled.

5.動詞不定式直接用在系動詞seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后，如：

Wearetomeetatthestationatthere.(表約定）

Howarewetoconvincehim（表可能性）

YouaretocomewhenIcall.（表命令）

4.用于表達想法，約定，義務(wù)，命令，可能性，命運等。如：

6.動詞不定式在表語中表示___。

Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.

目的

即時訓練

①Ourplanis______________________________.

我們的計劃是下周完成這項工作。

②MyAmericanteacher________________________.

我的米國老師即將離開中國。

③Agreatdealis______________.

還有許多事要做。

④Thethingforustodois_________________________.

我們要做的事情就是要接受挑戰(zhàn)。

⑤WhatIwanttodomostinseniorhighis________________________.

我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英語水平。

⑥FewpeopleIknowseem_____________________________________.(2023·浙江卷語法填空改編)

在我認識的人中，似乎很少有人愿意或有時間做飯。

tofinishtheworknextweek

istoleaveChinasoon

yettodo

tohavemuchdesireortimetocook

toacceptthechallenge

toimprovemyEnglish

即時訓練

①Todotwothingsatatimeis________(do)neither.

②Ourworkis___________(serve)thepeople.

③Itsgoalis____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.

④OldTom’spresentjobis_________(sweep)streets.

todo

serving

tomake

sweeping

動詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別

動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致，若句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應(yīng)使用v-ing；

若主語為動詞不定式，則表語也應(yīng)使用動詞不定式。

Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.

動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時可換用，但以下情況除外:

當動詞所表達的是某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為或有待于實現(xiàn)的行為時，通常用動詞不定式作表語。

Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.

若動詞所表達的并不強調(diào)動作，而是表示主語的內(nèi)容，則通常用v-ing作表語。

Myfavoritesportisswimming.

WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.

動詞不定式（短語）作表語省略to的情況

動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，一般不定式符to不能省略,但以下情況下可省略：

1.all作主語其后的定語從句有do的某種形式時：

Allweneedtodoisliveeachdaywithhope.

2.what引導的從句作主語時，從句中含有do的某種形式時：

WhatIwanttodoistakeaholidayrightaway.

3.主語被only，first，one，least或形容詞最高級修飾，其后的定語從句或短語中有do的某種形式時：

Intheeveningtheonlythinghedidwasreadthenewspaper.

運用*語法規(guī)則

1.Youknow，mygoalis___________(lose)150poundsinthecomingyear.

2.Listen！Thesoundseems________________(come)fromthejungle.

3.Theboywas_____________(blame)forwhathehaddone.

4.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.

5.Thepurposeofeducationis_____________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.

6.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeen___________(make)plantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.(2023·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀D)

7.Youappear___________________(travel)toquitealotofplacesaroundtheworld.

8.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto________________(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears，it’snotwithoutacost.(2023·浙江卷語法填空)

9.Anotherwaytohideamessageis_________(use)symbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.

10.Theonlythingthatinterestshimis_____________(dance).

tolose

tobecoming

toblame

topunish

todevelop

tomake

tohavetravelled

havebecome

touse

dancing

（Grammar部分練習:2.補全句子）

1.Youmustkeepitinmindthatyourworkis____________________.

你必須牢記你的工作就是為人民服務(wù)。

2.Whathehoped______________________________________.

他希望能被這所大學錄取。

3.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressis___________________________________________________.

減輕壓力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人談?wù)勀愕那楦小?/p>

4.Themostimportantthingaboutvloggingis_____________________.

拍攝視頻博客最重要的一點在于講一個好故事。

servingthepeople

wastobeadmittedintotheuniversity

totalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust

totellagoodstory

1.Supposeyouare（be）ajournalistforChinaDaily，doyouknowwhatkindsofjobstheyhave

2.Youare（reward）ifyouhavemadeabreakthrough.

3.Throughmyyearsofschoollife，I’velearnedthatifweare_______（make）adifferenceinlife，it’sofgreatimportancethatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.

4.Thestudentstrustherverymuch；asaresult，heradviceis________（influence）theirdecisions.

tobe

toberewarded

tomake

toinfluence

5.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)onedayatatime.

6.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.

7.Medicalexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytopreventthespreadofdiseaseisforpeople________(wash)theirhandswithsoapandwater.

8.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.

tolive

aretoblame

towash

tomake

（Grammar部分練習:3.語法填空）

AdamBraunestablishedtheorganizationPencilsofPromisein2023.Itsgoalis1.____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.

Itallstartedwhenhewasacollegestudent.AdamBraunwasvisitingIndiawhen2.____________girlstoppedhimonthestreetandaskedformoney.Heaskedherwhatshedesired3.____________(much)ofallintheworld.Astonishingly，heranswerwas“apencil”.Thegirlhadneverbeentoschoolbefore，andthatwasthe4.____________(real)for57millionchildrenaroundtheworld.

Aftergraduation，AdamBraunneverforgotthegirlandtheproblemof5.____________(her).

tomake

hers

a

reality

most

（Grammar部分練習:3.語法填空）

“Weliveinaworldinwhicheverysinglechildcanhaveaccess6.____________qualityeducation.SoIwasdeterminedtocreateschoolsinotherplaces7.____________childrenarehungryforeducation.”AdamBraunbegantoraisemoneyforhisprojectthroughsocialmedia.

“Weareworkinghardtomakesurethattheprogramisnotjustbeautifulphotosandvideosofchildren，butthatwe’re8.____________(actual)seeingamazingresultsintheclassroom.That’swhyour9.____________(kid)inPencilsofPromiseschoolsprogressfastfromonegradetothenext,”Braunsaid.

Sincethen，it10.____________(help)morethan22，000childreninAfrica，AsiaandLatinAmerica.

to

hashelped

where

kids

actually

1Ifyoureallywanttolearndriving,goingtoadrivingschoolmightbethebestchoice.(myadviceis...)

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