高中英語(yǔ)句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)講解課件

英語(yǔ)句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)1nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(間)賓語(yǔ)(直)Vt系動(dòng)詞ViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive英語(yǔ)句子基本成分示意圖be/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/liebecome/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.noun主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(間)賓語(yǔ)(直)Vt系動(dòng)2Membersofasentence主語(yǔ)subject謂語(yǔ)predicate賓語(yǔ)object表語(yǔ)predicative賓補(bǔ)complement定語(yǔ)attribute狀語(yǔ)adverbial同位語(yǔ)appositiveMembersofasentence主語(yǔ)subjec3I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主語(yǔ)↓謂語(yǔ)↓定語(yǔ)↓賓語(yǔ)↓同位語(yǔ)↓狀語(yǔ)ImetmybestfriendTomatth4㈠主語(yǔ)（subject）

句子說(shuō)明的人或事物,

主語(yǔ)一般位于______

。句首Lilyllikeshernewbike.TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.㈠主語(yǔ)（subject）

句子說(shuō)明的人或事物,

主語(yǔ)一般位于5（二）謂語(yǔ)（predicate)：由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，位置一般放于主語(yǔ)后面。Heworksveryhard.謂語(yǔ)Theweatherisverynicetoday.謂語(yǔ)

Helookedupthewordinthedictionary.謂語(yǔ)（二）謂語(yǔ)（predicate)：由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，位置6

Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.

Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(數(shù)詞)(名詞化的形容詞)(三)賓語(yǔ)（object

）動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，由n.或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)任。置于_________或______之后。（不定式）（動(dòng)名詞）（句子）及物動(dòng)詞介詞(數(shù)詞)(名詞化的形容詞)(三)賓語(yǔ)（object）（7通常情況下，指物的叫直接賓語(yǔ)，指人的叫間接賓語(yǔ)。間接賓語(yǔ)多放在直接賓語(yǔ)之前?！g接賓語(yǔ)↓直接賓語(yǔ)●pleasepassme

thebook.●Heboughthisgirlfriend

someflowers.Hegaveme

somebooks.通常情況下，指物的叫直接賓語(yǔ)，指人的叫間接賓語(yǔ)。間接賓語(yǔ)8（四）

定語(yǔ):(attribute)（Noun/Pronoun）這是一節(jié)生動(dòng)有趣的課．Thisisalivelyandinterestingclass.有一些難題要處理．Thereissomethingdifficulttodealwith.前置定語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)Tips:形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在被修飾詞的前面，而介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)則放在被修飾詞之后。（四）定語(yǔ):(attribute)（Noun/Prono9（五）

表語(yǔ)（predicative）連系動(dòng)詞1.be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are,was,were)3.感官動(dòng)詞(look,smell,hear,feel…)+表語(yǔ)2.表狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay)Mysisterisanurse.Shegotangry.（五）表語(yǔ)（predicative）連系動(dòng)詞1.be動(dòng)詞(10Ifoundthebookinteresting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.

（六）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

（objectcomplement）Ifoundthebookinteresting.11(七)同位語(yǔ):(appositive)我們有兩個(gè)孩子，一男一女．Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.那人是我的老師，他從來(lái)都不騎自行車(chē)．Theman,myteacher,neverridesabike.當(dāng)兩個(gè)同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時(shí)，一個(gè)句子成分可被用來(lái)說(shuō)明或解釋另一個(gè)句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位語(yǔ)。(七)同位語(yǔ):(appositive)我們有兩個(gè)孩子，一男12八.狀語(yǔ):(adverbial)狀語(yǔ)是修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，可分為時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，結(jié)果，目的，條件，讓步，程度，方式，伴隨狀況等。八.狀語(yǔ):(adverbial)狀語(yǔ)是修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副13①表時(shí)間：yesterday,today,tomorrow…

Shallwegoshoppingtodayortomorrow?我們是今天還是明天出去買(mǎi)東西?。竣诒淼攸c(diǎn)：inChina,attheairport…

Isawastudentintheclassroom.我在教室里看見(jiàn)一個(gè)學(xué)生．①表時(shí)間：yesterday,today,tomorro14③表原因:because,as,for,since…他因?yàn)樯∷越裉鞗](méi)有去上學(xué)．

Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschooltoday.④表結(jié)果：to+do,v+ing,從句那個(gè)男孩從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái)了，頭撞到地上了．Theboyfelloffthetree,strikinghisheadagainsttheground.⑤表目的:inorderto,inorderthat,forthepurpose為了考入一個(gè)更好的學(xué)校，我必須更加努力．Inordertogetintoabetterschool,Imuststudyevenharder.③表原因:because,as,for,since…15⑥表?xiàng)l件:as/solongas,if,unless,只要努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)取得好成績(jī)．Aslongasyoustudyhard,youcangetahighmark.⑦表讓步:inspiteof,despite,although,though他雖然不認(rèn)識(shí)我，但卻幫了我．Hehelpedmealthoughhedidn’tknowme.⑧表程度:very,enough,tosomeextent…那里的風(fēng)景非常漂亮．Thescenerythereisverybeautiful.⑥表?xiàng)l件:as/solongas,if,unles16⑨表方式:likethat,as,asif…不要那樣看我．Don’tlookatmelikethat!⑩表伴隨狀況：老師走進(jìn)教室，手里拿著一本書(shū)．Theteachercameintotheclassroom,catchingabookinhishand.with⑨表方式:likethat,as,asif…不要那17畫(huà)出下列句子的狀語(yǔ)

Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.畫(huà)出下列句子的狀語(yǔ)Iwillbebackina18consolidationconsolidation19指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.Hetookmanyphotosofthepalaces

inBeijing.8.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.9.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.10.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：20Fivebasicsentencepattern

英語(yǔ)五大基本句型一:ＳＶ(主＋謂)二:ＳＶＰ(主＋系＋表)三:ＳＶＯ(主＋謂＋賓)四:ＳＶＯｏ(主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓)五:ＳＶＯＣ(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ))Fivebasicsentencepattern

英語(yǔ)211.Ｓ＋Ｖ(主＋謂)Ｖ是不及物動(dòng)詞1.Thesunrose.2.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.3.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.1.Ｓ＋Ｖ(主＋謂)Ｖ是不及物動(dòng)詞1.Thesunro222.Ｓ+Ｖ(系動(dòng)詞)+Ｐ(表語(yǔ))

1.Thedinner

smells

good.

2.Everything

looks

different.

3.Ourwell

hasgone

dry.

4.Hisface

turned

red.

2.Ｓ+Ｖ(系動(dòng)詞)+Ｐ(表語(yǔ))1.The233.S+V+O(V是及物動(dòng)詞)例如：1.Isawafilmyesterday.2.Theybuiltahouselastyear.3.Youshouldlookafteryourchildrenwell.3.S+V+O(V是及物動(dòng)詞)例如：244.S+V+O1+O2(V是及物動(dòng)詞)在此句式中，V是帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get,rob,warn等。例：sheorderedherselfanewdress.shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.4.S+V+O1+O2(V是及物動(dòng)詞)在此句式中，V是帶255.S+V+O+CThewarmadehimasoldier.Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.Tips：賓語(yǔ)與其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系5.S+V+O+CThewarmadehima26a.ＳＶ

b.ＳＶＰ

c.ＳＶＯd.ＳＶＯｏ

e.ＳＶＯＣ

1.Pleasetellusastory._______2.Shesmiled.______3.Hisjobistotrainswimmers._____4.Henoticedamanenterth