動(dòng)名詞的用法講解課件

Grammar動(dòng)名詞的用法Grammar動(dòng)名詞的用法1一.動(dòng)名的詞形式語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone一.動(dòng)名的詞形式語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式2二.動(dòng)名詞的用法：

1.作主語(yǔ)的用法：1）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。2）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。3）動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，對(duì)于一些比較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，一般采用it做形式主語(yǔ)，v-ing做真正主語(yǔ)。

二.動(dòng)名詞的用法：3E.g.

Talking

mendsnoholes.空談無(wú)濟(jì)于事。

Working

withyou

isapleasure.

Reading

Englishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.

早晨朗讀英文會(huì)給你帶來(lái)許多好處。

Cheatingonanexam

ruinsone'scharacter.

考試作弊毀壞人的性格。

E.g.Talkingmendsnoholes.4注：it做形式主語(yǔ)，v-ing做真正主語(yǔ)的常用句型是：1)Itisnouse/nogood/useless/awasteoftime...doingsth.E.g.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk

.

覆水難收。

Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.

學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒(méi)好處的。Itisuselesstalkingaboutitwithhim.和他談這件事是沒(méi)用的。

It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.辯論這事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間注：it做形式主語(yǔ)，v-ing做真正主語(yǔ)的常用句型是：52)"Thereisno…”句式來(lái)表示.E.g.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.

這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。

Thereisnolitteringabout.

不許亂扔雜物。Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.歷史車輪不可阻擋。2)"Thereisno…”句式來(lái)表示.6

不定式做主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如：

It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.

Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.（指抽象動(dòng)作）（指具體動(dòng)作）不定式做主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如7【考例】

—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？—__________hernewbicycle．（1997上海高考題）A.Asshelost

B.LostC.Losing

D.Becauseoflosing

解析：losinghernewbicycle是句子的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)madehersoupset被省略，losing…在此表示具體的動(dòng)作。

【考例】—Whatdoyouthinkm82.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法

1)．有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后常用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如can‘tstand（不能忍受）,feellike(想要),mind（介意）,suggest（建議）,enjoy（欣賞，）,admit（承認(rèn)）,appreciate（感激，欣賞）,avoid（避免）,delay（推遲）,escape（逃脫）,finish（完成）,forgive（寬?。?imagine（想象）,keep（保持）,miss（錯(cuò)過(guò)）,practice（訓(xùn)練）,resist（抵抗，抵制）,risk（冒險(xiǎn)）,deny（拒絕，否認(rèn)）,consider（考慮）等。2.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法9Manypeopleenjoysunbathingonthebeachinsummer.夏季，很多人喜歡在沙灘日光浴。Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.我建議用另一種方法做這件事。He'snotverywell;hedoesn'tfeellikeeating.他不太舒服，吃不下。ShepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.Manypeopleenjoysunbathingo102)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在由動(dòng)詞或形容詞與介詞組成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或形容詞短語(yǔ)后。此類短語(yǔ)有很多。如：lookforwardto（渴望，盼望）,beproudof（以……自豪）,beresponsiblefor（對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)）,insiston（堅(jiān)持）,thinkof（考慮，想到）,dreamof（夢(mèng)想）,objectto（反對(duì)，抗議）,hearof（聽(tīng)說(shuō)）,prevent…from（防止，阻止）,keep…from（防止，阻止）,stop…from（防止，阻止）,beengagedin（從事于）,dependon（依靠，依賴）,thank…for（因……而道謝）,excuse…for（因……而道歉）,aimat（目的在于）,devote…to（獻(xiàn)身于）,setabout（著手做）,be/getusedto（習(xí)慣于）,befondof（喜歡）,beafraidof（害怕）,betiredof（對(duì)……厭煩）,succeedin（成功地做……）,beinterestedin（對(duì)……感興趣）,beashamedof（對(duì)……感到羞愧）等等。

2)動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)11e.g.①Shesattherewithoutspeaking. ②Ilookforwardtoseeinghimagain.③Areyouusedtolivingtherealone?④Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.⑤Hewasbusypreparinghislessons.e.g.12【考例】

Ican'timagine__________thatwiththem．（MET1986）A.do

B.todoC.beingdone

D.doing

【考例】Ican'timagine___13

Shelooksforwardeveryspringto__________theflower-linedgarden．（1995上海高考題）A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lookforwardto后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法。Shelooksforwardevery14注意：

（1）有些動(dòng)詞后面，如forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret、goon等，既可跟動(dòng)名詞也可跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但是意義不一樣。forgetregretremember

tododoing

將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作注意：

（1）有些動(dòng)詞后面，如forget,remembe15goondoinggoontodo

stopdoingstoptodomeandoingmeantodo

繼續(xù)做同一件事情繼續(xù)做另一件事情停止做某事停下來(lái)做另一件事意味著做某事打算做某事goondoingstopdoingmeand16trydoingtrytodo

beusedtodoingbeusedtodocan'thelpdoingcan'thelptodo

試著做某事努力做某事習(xí)慣做某事被用來(lái)做某事情不自禁做某事不能幫助做某事trydoingbeusedtodoing17Heforgotpayingforthebook.他忘了曾經(jīng)付了買書(shū)的錢。(他付過(guò)錢了)Heforgottopayforthebook.他忘了去付買書(shū)的錢。(他沒(méi)有付過(guò)錢)Stoptalking.(停止說(shuō)話)IstoppedtotalkwithTom.（停下正在做的事開(kāi)始去說(shuō)話）Heforgotpayingforthebook.18【考例】—Let'shavearest．—Notnow．Idon'twanttostop__________yet．（MET1985）A.study

B.tostudyC.forstudying

D.studying解析：stopstudying意為“停止學(xué)習(xí)”。

【考例】—Let'shavearest．解19—Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists．—Don'tyouremember________methestoryyesterday？（1999上海高考題）A.told

B.tellingC.totell

D.tohavetold解析:remembertellingme意為“記得曾經(jīng)告訴過(guò)我”。—Letmetellyousomething20（2）在有些句子中，介詞常可省去。

Ihavenodifficulty(in)communicatingwithforeigners.我在和外國(guó)人交談方面沒(méi)有什么困難。Heusedtospendalotoftime(in)playinggames.過(guò)去他?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間玩游戲。Whatcanpreventus(from)goingthere?有什么能阻止我們?nèi)ツ悄?？?）在有些句子中，介詞常可省去。Ihavenodi21（3）動(dòng)名詞可以和一些介詞如in,on,after,against,before,by,for,without,besides等構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。

Heleftaheadoftimewithoutsayingaword.他一句話也沒(méi)說(shuō)就提前離開(kāi)了。Besidescookingandsewing,shehadtotakecareoffourchildren.除了做飯和縫紉以外，她還要照顧四個(gè)孩子。Onhearingthenews,allthepupilsjumpedwithjoy.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息后，所有的學(xué)生都高興得跳了起來(lái)。（3）動(dòng)名詞可以和一些介詞如in,on,after,a22（4）want（需要）,need（需要）,deserve（值得）,require（需要）等詞后，我們用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意思。后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式與不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)，意義沒(méi)有區(qū)別。如：Thewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．

（4）want（需要）,need（需要）,dese23Yourcarneedsfilling.你這車要充氣了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.這座城市值得光顧一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要認(rèn)真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.這些樹(shù)需要澆水了。Yourcarneedsfilling.24(5)在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用動(dòng)名詞和用不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可，意義沒(méi)有多大區(qū)別。(5)在begin,continue,love,li25(6)在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名詞／代詞＋不定式（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）”之形式。如：

Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon‘tallowanybodytosmokehere．

advisedoingsth.advisesb.todosth.(6)在allow,advise,forbid,pe263.作表語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)…S.+be+doing…

e.g.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Herjobis

lookingaftertheold.Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.

他們的任務(wù)是在西部探查油礦。注意：這時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)可以互換位置3.作表語(yǔ)274.動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般前置，與所修飾的名詞間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表用途。readingroom閱覽室swimmingpool游泳池diningcar餐車singingcompetition歌詠比賽waitingroom候車室4.動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)。28注：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:awalking

sticka

swimming

poolasleepingcar區(qū)別thewalking

mantheswimminggirlthesleepingboy動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞表示名詞的功能現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞表示該名詞所處的狀態(tài)注：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:awalking295.動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：1).物主代詞/名詞所有格+動(dòng)名詞

在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):e.g.

Mary’scoming

latemadeherteacherangry.Idon’tmindyouropeningthewindow.2).人稱代詞賓格/名詞+動(dòng)名詞在句中作賓語(yǔ):e.g.I’msureofhimcomingontime.Hehasneverheardofawomanbeingapilot.5.動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：30

1.（2011天津卷）Passeagersarepermitted______onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.

A.tocarryB.carrying

C.tobecarriedD.beingcarried

2.（2011四川卷）Lilydoesn’tfeellike________abroad.Herparentsareold.

A.studyB.studying

C.studiedD.tostudy

高考鏈接

1.（2011天津卷）Passeagersareper313.（2011四川卷）Simonmadeabigbamboobox_______thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.

A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep

4.（2011陜西卷）MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,_____itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade

5.（2011陜西卷）Clairehadherluggage________anhourbeforeherplaneleft.

A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked

動(dòng)名詞的用法講解ppt課件32Exercises1.Shedidn’tremember_____himbefore.(MET88)A.havingmetB.havemetC.tomeetD.tohavingmet2.Goon____theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.(MET89)A.todoB.doingC.WithD.tobedoingExercises333.-----Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-----Oh,excellent.It’sworth______asecondtime.(MET89)A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingreading4.IcanhardlyimaginePeter`s_____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(MET91)A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed

3.-----Whatdoyouthinkofth345.Thesalesmanscolded(批評(píng))thegirlcaught_____andletheroff.(NMET92)A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing6.----Iusuallygotherebytrain.----Whynot_____byboatforachange?(MET92)A.totrygoing B.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing5.Thesalesmanscolded(批評(píng))th357.Iwouldappreciate_______backthisafternoon.(MET92)A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling8.______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.(NMET92)A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk動(dòng)名詞的用法講解ppt課件369.Howaboutthetwoofus_____awalkdownthegarden?(MET93)A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking10.---Imustapologizefor__aheadoftime.----That’sallright.(NMET94)A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow9.Howaboutthetwoofus____3711.----Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.----Well,nowIregret_____that.(NMET95)A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone12.Myyoungersistersuggested_______theSummerPalacefirst.A.metovisitB.minevisitingC.IvisitingD.myvisiting動(dòng)名詞的用法講解ppt課件3813.Missingthelastbusmeans__________home.A.towalkB.walkingC.walkedD.walk動(dòng)名詞的用法講解ppt課件3914.Mysisterlikes________butshedoesn'tlike_________thisafternoon.A.swimming...toswimB.toswim...swimmingC.swimming...toswimmingD.swim...Swimming15.Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.A.thatyouwouldkeepB.youtokeepC.thatyouarekeepingD.youkeeping14.Mysisterlikes________bu4016.I’mlookingforwardto________yourreplysoon.A.receiveB.receivingC.acceptingD.get17.Theclassroomissodirtythatitneeds_________badly.A.cleanB.tocleanC.beingcleanedD.cleaning16.I’mlookingforwardto___4118.Noonelikes_______inpublic.A.tolaughatB.laughingatC.beinglaughedatD.tobelaughed19.Themanagerisconsidering_____anothersecretary.A.tohireB.hiringC.totakeonD.toemploy18.Noonelikes_______inpu4221.Thestudententeredtheofficewithout___________.A.beingaskedB.askingC.askD.tobeasked22.Ourteachersuggested______theexhibitiononceagain.A.ustovisitB.ourvisitingC.tovisit