2023年八年級上新目標(biāo)單元知識點梳理

Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom知識點撥：(1)提出規(guī)定：Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Could在這里不表達can的過去式，而表達請求，語氣委婉，顯得有禮貌。_____youplease_____yourclothes?你能折下衣服嗎？答應(yīng)規(guī)定：Yes,I____./sure/_____________（當(dāng)然）/____________.(沒問題)拒絕規(guī)定：Sorry,Ican’t/I’mafraidnot（恐怕不行）.Ihavetodomyhomework.（2）征求許可：CouldI_____yourcomputer?我能用你的電腦嗎？=__________……?肯定：Yes,you______./Sure/Ofcourse.否認(rèn)：Sorry.I’mgoingto____________itnow.(忙于；從事)注：答語不能用Yes,I/youcould.NoI/youcouldn’t來回答。2.Ineedtouseyourcar.needsth需要某物（+n）Mybrother______adictionary.我弟弟需要一本字典。needtodosth(+v)需要做某事Mybrother____________adictionary.我弟弟需要買一本字典。拓展：needdoing需要被…..(含被動意味)MyT-shirtneedswashing.我的T恤需要洗洗。區(qū)別：Ineed_______(wash)myT-shirt.我需要洗我的T恤。題：Heneeds_______(see)adentist.getaride搭車（到…）givesbaride讓某人搭便車（到….）題：Couldyou_______________________?Iwant_____________________.你能讓我搭車嗎？我想搭車。注：搭車到某處:getarideto…..(或不加to,直接加副詞:getaridehome/there)讓某人搭便車到...givesbarideto…(或不加to,直接加副詞:givearidehome/there)拓展：goforaride乘車兜風(fēng).It’saniceday!Whynot_____fora_____?為什么不乘車兜風(fēng)？以上用法ride都是名詞。ride也可做動詞：v.騎(rode)rideabike騎車rideahorse騎馬He_______ahorseinthemountainslastmonth.他上周在山上騎了馬。4.gotoameetingmeeting(n.)會;會議sportsmeeting運動會classmeeting班會meet(v.)（1）碰見I_____Jayzhoulastweek.Nice_________you.見到你真快樂(2)(赴約)會面Wearegoingcampingtomorrowandwearegoingto_____attheschoolgate.我們忙明天要去野營，明天要在校門口見。haveto不得不;必須=________必須（后面都跟動詞原形）Ihavetodochoresathome.=I_______do_______athome.在表達必須時，must與haveto相近區(qū)別：haveto不得不（是內(nèi)心不情愿，但是必須去做，有逼迫的意思）must必須（表達主觀從內(nèi)心意識到該這樣做）Motherisout,soI___________lookaftertheshop.

We_______studyhardtogetgoodgrades.拓展：(1)mustA.必須You_____learnEnglishwell.你必須學(xué)好英語。B.表猜測：一定是,必然……；肯定猜測，常用于肯定句中。can也可以表猜測；但是否認(rèn)猜測,多用于否認(rèn)句或疑問句中，can’t：不也許。中考題：①-----WhereisLinda?-----She__________intheclassroombecauseshesaysshewanttofinishherhomework.②----IsthatMrGao?-----No,it_____________her.Jimsayssheisillinhospital.(2)由must引起的疑問句及回答：肯定回答要用must或haveto；否認(rèn)回答要用needn’t或don’t/doesn’thaveto,意思是“不必”。MustIfinishmyhomeworkbefore9:00p.m.?我必須晚上9點前完畢作業(yè)嗎？Yes,_____________./Yes,_______________________.No,you_________./No,you______________________.這里不能用must的否認(rèn)形式mustn’t.mustn’t:不準(zhǔn)，不許。表達嚴(yán)禁。Youmustn’tdrawhere.你不準(zhǔn)在這畫畫。haveatest=______atest=havean_____考試區(qū)別：test測試，測驗;exam=examination考試borrowsomemoney借點錢中考熱點：borrow/lend/keep英語三種不同的“借”的用法：borrowv.借（入）borrowsthfromsb從….借…..=borrowsbsthlendv.借（出）lendsthtosb把…借給…=lendsbsthkeepv.借（一段時間）【延續(xù)性動詞】keepsth+for一段時間borrow和lend都是瞬間動詞，不能與表達延續(xù)的時間狀語連在一起使用。keep是延續(xù)性動詞，可以與表達時間段的狀語（aday,twoweeks等）連用。中考題：①---HowlongcanI______thisbook?---Youcan_____itforaweek.②Idon’thaveanEnglishdictionary.MayI_____yours?③ThisisTom’spen.He____ittomeyesterday.④CouldI_____thedictionaryfortwodays?dochores做家務(wù)=do_________do和make：雖非同義詞,但初學(xué)者很容易混淆。do：做；做事；常用：dohomeworkdochores做家務(wù)dothedishes洗餐具dosports運動dosomereading/shopping/washing看書/購物/洗衣服doaroom收拾房間doone'sbest盡某人最大盡力(=tryone’sbest)dothelaundry洗衣服make：制作（做出沒有的東西）初中常用：makeacake做蛋糕makeakite做風(fēng)箏makefruitsalad做水果沙拉makefriends交朋友makebreakfast做早飯makemoney賺錢makecoffee煮咖啡maketea沏茶makethebed鋪床makeaface扮鬼臉makeamistake犯錯誤makearoad筑路makeaspeech發(fā)言makeadecision作決定makeafire生火Don’tforgetto_____yourbed.Helikes______somereadinginthemorning.Ienjoy______friends.dothedishes洗餐具；洗碗=____thedishesdish【可數(shù)名詞】:(1)盤子dothedishes(2)菜肴Mymothercookedsomedelicious______.我媽媽做了些可口的菜。sweepthefloor.掃地=cleanthefloor(sweep:通常是掃帚掃；clean意義更廣，可指用掃帚掃，也可以是抹布之類的，泛指打掃.)上周我們組掃了地。Lastweek,ourgroup_____the______.11．dothelaundry洗衣服=washclothes=dosomewashinglaundryn.①（不可數(shù)）要洗的衣服There_____(be)alotoflaundry.有很多要洗的衣服。②（可數(shù)）洗衣店Iamgoingtothelaundrythisafternoon.我今天下午要去洗衣店。takeoutthetrash倒垃圾（trash=rubbish垃圾（不可數(shù)名詞）takeout:①拿出來take…..outof….把…從…拿出Don’ttakebooks_____________thelibrary.別把書拿出圖書館。②取出She_____outabadtoothfourdaysago.四天前她拔了一顆壞牙。拓展：take的短語：takeoff脫下----puton穿上takeashower洗澡takeexercise鍛煉takeawalk散步takeavacation度假takeabus/car/plane/ship/train/subwaytaketurns輪流takeactinglessons上表演課foldyourclothes折衣服foldv.折疊------unfoldv.展開stayoutlate在外面呆到很晚lateadv.遲地，晚地------earlyadv.早地；提前地sleeplate睡懶覺worklate工作到很晚_______late學(xué)習(xí)到很晚復(fù)習(xí)：belatefor…..…..遲到belateforschool/class/work上學(xué)/上課/上班遲到Heisoftenl___________school.他經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到12.I’mgoingtoworkonitnow.我現(xiàn)在正要上機。workon忙于；從事（相稱于bebusywithsth）Heis_____________themathproblem.他正在算那道數(shù)學(xué)題。Thewriter___________________anewnovel.這個作家正在寫一部新小說。拓展：workon尚有“繼續(xù)工作”之意。后面不帶賓語。Weworkedonuntil10：00p.m.我們一直工作到晚上十點。小結(jié):⑴含work的短語：workfor….為…工作workas…..作為….工作（職業(yè)是..）workhard努力工作/學(xué)習(xí)worklate工作到很晚workout解決；算出atwork在工作gotowork去工作①He_____________apilot.②Myfather__________everyday,sohecomeshomelate.③Themathproblemisdifficult,butIstillwantto_____it_____.⑵中考熱點：work和job區(qū)分work可以作動詞，job只能作名詞。work不可數(shù)名詞，“工作，活計”，工作的總稱。job

可數(shù)名詞，“工作，職業(yè)”，多指人們以其謀生的職業(yè)。是具體的某一份職業(yè)。Myfather's_____isateacher.我爸爸的工作是教師。Mr.Brownwantedtofinda_____.③Hisaunt______inahospitaltenyearsago.13．hatetodo/doing討厭做某事=dislikedoing討厭做某事liketodo/doing喜歡做某事enjoydoing（enjoy只能跟doing）Hehates______(make)hisbed.Sheenjoys______(babysit)hersister.Thanksfordoing謝謝…../因….而感謝=Thankyoufor…..Thanksfor_____(listen)tome.謝謝你聽我說。Givehimwaterandfeedhim.feedsbsth=feedsthtosb喂…某物拓展：feedon以…為食（指動物）區(qū)分：liveon以….為食；靠…為生（指人）①Sheep___________grass.綿羊以草為食。②We____________rice.我們以米飯為主食③Theyliveon800yuanamonth.他們靠每月800元維持生活。注：liveon也可以指“動物以……為食”。Cowsfeedongrass.牛以草為食。Cowsliveongrass.牛以草為食。Couldyoupleasehelpmesweepthefloor?①helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事（接動詞）helpsbwithsth幫助某人某事/在…方面幫助某人Mysisteroften_____me__________myclothes.我姐姐經(jīng)常幫我折衣服。Couldyouhelpme_____housework?（A.atB.inC.with）Lookafter,takecareof照顧、照看?！急娈愐c〗用于照料人或動物時兩者均可通用，用于照料事/物時，只能用takecareof.Thenurses__________herverywell.=Thenurses_____________________her.Yourmusttakegoodcareofyourthings.你必須看好你自己的東西。takesbforawaik帶某人去散步Myparents_________________________onweekends.我父母周末帶我去散步。playwith….①和....一起玩Ilike_____________myfriends.②玩…We

____________

snow

and

icelastwinter.去年冬天我們玩了雪和冰。Don’tplay______fire！別玩火！比較：playfor….為…..效力DavidBeckemplayed______hisnationalteam.A.atB.forMymothergetsreallyangry.（getangry氣憤）get這里是連系動詞，后跟形容詞：get+adjgetcold變冷getlong變長已學(xué)的連系動詞：(后面都可加形容詞共同構(gòu)成謂語。)第一類：感官系動詞有l(wèi)ook（看起來），feel（感覺起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），sound（聽起來）等。lookcool/beautifulsoundgood

第二類：表達變化，有become，get，grow，turn，go等。becomefamous

第三類：表達保持狀態(tài)的，有keep（保持）等。Keepquiet，children!goonvacation去度假類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：goonapicnic進行一次野餐goonatrip進行一次旅行拓展：goon繼續(xù)goonwithsth.繼續(xù)做（同一件事）→(+名詞)goondoing.繼續(xù)做（同一件事）→（+動詞）

goontodo繼續(xù)做（做完一件事之后接著做另一件不同的事）Aftershefinishedhishomework,shewenton______(learn)English.=Aftershefinishedhishomework,shewenton______English.(A.ofB.with)Afterrestingforafewminutes,shewenton______(do)chores..asksbtodosth叫某人做某事否認(rèn)：asksbnottodo叫某人別做某事類似：invitesbtodosth邀請某人做某事wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事helpsbto(do)sth幫助某人做某事拓展：ask(sb)forsth(向某人)索要某物常用：ask(sb)forhelp(向某人)尋求幫助①Theywerelost,sothey______thepolicemen_______help.他們迷路了，所以向警察尋求幫助。②Iaskedmyfather________somemoney.我向我爸要了一些錢。A.withB.forC.atturnonecardover翻轉(zhuǎn)一張卡片turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)，翻過來注：turnit/themover“動詞+副詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)里，代詞放中間。如：cutup切碎mixup混合在一起Hereisapear.Couldyou___________?A.cutupthemB.cutthemupC.cutitupD.cutupitturn(v.)的短語小結(jié)：____________打開（電