高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題推理判斷題

ReadingComprehensionHowtodealwithquestionsofinference1精選ppt1.

推斷隱含意義

2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

3.推斷寫作目的

4.推斷文章出處

5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容

閱讀推理判斷題推斷題分類2精選ppt1.．看透文章的表面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索---推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)。2．透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，通過(guò)分析、綜合、判斷，進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推理。3．忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的本意。4．善于全面分析，切忌片面思考。

推理判斷題解題思路3精選ppt1.Questionforms:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

.Fromthetextweknowthat…ismostlikely

.Whatthewriterreally

meansis

.Thewritersuggeststhat

.Thestoryimpliesthat

.Wecaninfer/concludefromthepassagethat

.

這類題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)。一、如何推斷隱含意義2.技巧點(diǎn)撥1)全面分析2)忠實(shí)原文3)不要選擇表層信息4精選ppt1.Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."

●

Thesoundofthisbeetle________.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.5精選pptItissaidthatpeopleshouldtakealessonfromtheclock.Theclockpassesthetimebykeepingitshandsbusy.Peoplewhodowhattheclockdoesalsopassthetimebykeepingtheirhandsbusyandnotbysleepingthetimeaway.

●

Youcantellthatbusypeople______A.actlikeclocks.B.sleepthetimeaway.C.don'tdowhatclocksdo.D.don'thavehands.2.6精選pptSeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.

●Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison______.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatesandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledorhavediedout3.notmentioned7精選ppt4.

Whenyoumakeapromisetolivebyyourbeingvalues,itbecomeseasiertomakeconscious(慎重的)choicesratherthanreactionary(反動(dòng)的)ones.Ifyourusualpatternistotalkaboutyourproblems,youcouldchoosetothinkandactlikeacalmperson.Acalmpersonmightgoforawalk,orsetatimelimitbeforeresponding.Ifyourusualpatternistoworry,youcouldchoosetoactlikearesponsibleorwiseperson…Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Havingvaluesarebetterthanbeingvalues.Acalmpersondoesnotchoosetocomplain.Thewayotherpeoplethinkofyoudecideswhoyouare.Aresponsiblepersondoesnotcareaboutfinancialsecurity.8精選ppt二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：positive

negativeapproval

disapprovalobjectivesubjectiveoptimistic

pessimisticindifferentreservedneutral

unbiasedcriticaldoubtfulsarcastic/ironic積極的，肯定的消極的，否定的贊成的不贊成的客觀的主觀的樂(lè)觀的悲觀的漠不關(guān)心的保留意見的中立的無(wú)偏見的，公平的批評(píng)的懷疑的諷刺的，挖苦的9精選ppt1.Questionforms:Thewriter’sattitudetoward…is______.Thewriterthoughtthat______.Accordingtotheauthor______.2.技巧點(diǎn)撥注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的態(tài)度。10精選ppt5.Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行賄)，anddeath.Frankly，I’msickofallthisbadnews.●Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_____.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform11精選ppt6.（江西卷）Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying—holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering—canbebadforphysicalhealth.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don’tfightit.It’sanatural—andhealthy—emotionalresponse.●Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.12精選ppt7.Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦極跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有彈性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.

13精選pptWhydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologists（心理學(xué)家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.

●Thewriterofthetexthasa____attitudetowardsdangeroussports.

A.positiveB.negativeC.neutral

D.nervous14精選ppt8.

Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行賄)，anddeath.Frankly，I’msickofallthisbadnews.

Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_____.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform

解析：作者一是向讀者說(shuō)明這份報(bào)紙上只登載壞新聞，如兇殺、行賄受賄和死亡等；二是在字里行間流露出自己的抱怨情緒（對(duì)壞新聞厭惡透了），故應(yīng)選A。推斷作者態(tài)度15精選ppt9.Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumorwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Thereistoomuchsadnessinthispresentworld.Itdrivespeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthepresentworld?A.PositiveB.CriticalC.SatisfiedD.Indifferent推斷作者態(tài)度16精選ppt10.

Thetheoriesofmodernpsychologyhavesteppedintoarguethatwemustunderstandtheneedsofourchildren.Childrenarenotjustsmalladults;theyarechildrenwhomustberespectedassuch.Well,youmaysay,thisisasitshouldbe,andagoodidea.Butthinkfurther.Whathappens?“Education”becomestheresponsibilitynotofteachers,butofpsychologists.Whathappensthen?...Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthetheoriesofmodernpsychology?A.UninterestedB.TolerantC.SatisfiedD.Critical推斷作者態(tài)度17精選ppt三、如何推斷寫作目的1.Questionforms:(1)

考查整篇文章的寫作目的A.Thewriter’s

purposeofwritingthispassageisto_____.B.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?C.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_____.18精選ppt(2)

考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖A.Thewriterusestheexampleof…toshowthat_____.B.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_____.C.…arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_____.19精選ppt2.常見的寫作目的歸納不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的,但寫作目的通常有以下三種：(1)toentertainreaders（娛樂(lè)讀者，讓人發(fā)笑）(2)topersuadereaders（說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)）(3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）常見于故事類的文章。tomakepeoplelaugh;totellaninterestingexperience常見于廣告類的文章。tosellaproductoraservice;toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章。20精選ppt3.技巧點(diǎn)撥

(1)

根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的(2)

從寫作手法來(lái)推斷寫作目的21精選ppt11.“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto______.A.testthereaders’knowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereaders’attentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylor’simportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem22精選ppt12.AyoungmanfromavillagecalledNawalapitiyamarriedayoungwomanfromMaliyuwa,anearbyvillage.Theylivedwiththeman'sbigfamily----hisparents,hisbrothers,theirwivesandchildren.Thefamilykeptanelephant,inwhichtheyoungwomansoontookagreatinterest.Everydayshefeditwithfruitandsugar.Threemonthslaterthewomanwentbacktoherparents'home,havingquarreledwithherhusband.Soontheelephantrefusedtoeatorwork.Itappearedtobeillandheart-broken.Onemorningafterseveralweekstheanimaldisappearedfromthehouse.Itwenttothewoman'shome.Onseeingher,theelephantwaveditstrunkandtouchedherwithit.Theyoungwomanwassomovedbytheactoftheanimalthatshereturnedtoherhusband'shome.

●Thewriterwrotethestoryinorderto________.A.showthatelephantsareverycleverB.tellhowawomantrainedawildanimalC.showthatwomencaremoreforanimalsthanmendoD.tellhowananimalreunitedahusbandandwife23精選ppt

1.Questionforms:Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom______.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof___.四、如何推斷文章出處2.解題技巧

這類問(wèn)題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷其出處：(1)報(bào)紙(2)廣告(3)產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明

(4)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等24精選ppt13.（全國(guó)卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(藥片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(緩解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.●Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbookB.newsreelC.doctor’snotebookD.bottleofmedicine25精選ppt14.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受傷）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全帶）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（責(zé)任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（發(fā)送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

●Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazine

B.atrafficpolicereportC.anadvertisement

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet

（小冊(cè)子）Morethan30,000…arekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.youcouldbefinedupto$50Rememberyoumaybetakentocourt…youmaybefined…apolicereport26精選ppt2.解題技巧推測(cè)下文的內(nèi)容：根據(jù)作者的思路進(jìn)行推理，特別是最后兩三句話。推測(cè)上文的內(nèi)容：關(guān)注第一段，特別是文段開始的幾句話。五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

Questionforms:Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_______Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss______.27精選ppt15.Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood,theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment.Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid.Whenhumanslearnedtomakefire,however,theybecamecapableofalteringtheirenvironment.Topr