孔樁開挖施工標準化手冊

廈門至成都公路貴州境

畢節(jié)至生機（黔川界）段

孔樁開挖施工作業(yè)標準化操作手冊二〇一二年十一月目錄

1施工準備·····························································11.1技術準備·······················································11.2施工現場準備·················································21.3施工機具························································52挖掘工藝·····························································82.1挖掘程序·······················································82.2挖孔質量要求················································92.3挖孔排水······················································102.4孔樁護壁······················································112.5終孔檢查······················································153文明施工及安全、環(huán)保要求····································143.1標志、標牌····················································143.2孔口圍護·······················································153.3安全用品·······················································163.4通風·····························································173.5爆破·····························································183.6環(huán)保措施·······················································1911施工準備1.1技術準備1)在開工報告批復后，編制單項施工組織設計和專項安全方案，向作業(yè)班組進行書面的三級技術交底和安全交底。2)施測墩臺十字線,定出樁孔準確位置,設置護樁并記錄,經常檢查校核。21.2施工現場準備1.2.1場地準備平整場地,清除坡面危石浮土;坡面有裂縫或坍塌跡象者應加設必要的保護措施,鏟除松軟的土層并夯實。31.2.2鎖口施工每個孔樁開挖前,將孔位四周的場地整平,進行夯實并硬化。鎖口可采用C25混凝土施工成矩形,且高出地面30cm,鎖口參照長寬尺寸:φ1.8m樁孔為2.4×2.4m、φ2.0m樁孔為2.6×2.6m、φ2.2m樁孔為2.8×2.8m。鎖口四周場地平整后,采用M7.5水泥砂漿抹面,厚度1cm。平整面積根據現場實際情況確定。4鎖口采用C25混凝土施工成矩形鎖口高出地面30cm51.3施工機具1.3.1電動吊機挖掘采用電動吊機,用10KN-20KN慢速卷揚機提升,卷揚機要設限位器。6出料吊機須安裝穩(wěn)定，特別是配重須穩(wěn)固。71.3.2提碴吊桶

吊桶要堅固結實，吊環(huán)應采用Ⅰ級鋼筋加工，吊鉤應安裝保險卡扣。82挖掘工藝2.1挖掘程序

挖掘程序視土層性質及樁孔布置而定。挖孔由人工自上而下逐層用鎬、鍬進行,遇堅硬土層用錘、釬破碎,遇孔內巖石則采用淺眼爆破,開挖由中部向周邊進行。92.2挖孔質量要求在挖孔過程中,應經常按每節(jié)護壁檢查樁孔尺寸和平面位置。1)群樁樁位誤差≯10Omm;排架樁樁位誤差≯50mm,極值≯100mm。2)直樁傾斜度不超過0.5%樁長,且不