高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練習(xí)專題17閱讀理解之七選五 (含解析)

專題17閱讀理解之七選五解題技巧知題型特點七選五是高考英語試卷閱讀理解的第二節(jié)，一篇300字左右的短文中留出5個空白，要求考生從所給的7個選項中選出最佳選項，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫。《考試說明》對該題型的命題目的表述是“主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握”。該題型主要測試考生的兩大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局和結(jié)構(gòu)能力，二是把握微觀信息之間關(guān)聯(lián)性的能力。學(xué)解題技巧第一步：看位置?定類型句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來考查考生的邏輯思維能力。段首、段中、段尾題在文中所起的作用可歸納為下表：挖空位置邏輯關(guān)系具體解讀段首題主旨句常以段落小標(biāo)題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。段中題例證關(guān)系前后的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點)和推理(從觀點到例子)。常見的表示例證關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能表示轉(zhuǎn)折。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/comparison,bycomparison等。因果關(guān)系表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：so,therefore,thus,consequently(結(jié)果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個表示遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what'smore,what'sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。并列關(guān)系表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾題總結(jié)句用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。典例1…（2020全國卷I）AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?‘’Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself._5Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.D．Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E．Forsomepeople，forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F．Tomakeyourangerdieaway，tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G．Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize，youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.[分析]設(shè)空在段中，先看前句E項中的信息forgivingthemselves與前句意義一致，并且選項E與后面的句子之間用but連接，有轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣，因此構(gòu)成了一種意義上的對比關(guān)系，尤其是but這個詞，更加突出了對比的意義，因此選項E符合這里的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)。[答案]E典例2Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself._5Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.D．Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E．Forsomepeople，forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F．Tomakeyourangerdieaway，tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G．Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize，youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.[分析]設(shè)空在段中，先看前句E項中的信息forgivingthemselves與前句意義一致，并且選項E與后面的句子之間用but連接，有轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣，因此構(gòu)成了一種意義上的對比關(guān)系，尤其是but這個詞，更加突出了對比的意義，因此選項E符合這里的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)。[答案]E典例3…（2020全國卷I）●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.[分析]本題設(shè)空在段尾，首先看前文。根據(jù)上文Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了學(xué)位。)可知，這些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得慶祝。C項意思，沒有什么事是太小而不值得慶祝的，對上文的總結(jié)概括，符合文意。[答案]C第二步：由類型?定技法1.主旨概括題主旨概括題主要考查考生對文章或段落進(jìn)行概括的能力，它要求考生在閱讀文章時，能夠提煉其中心思想，體會作者的寫作意圖，充分運用概括能力提取文章的主題、觀點以及作者的情感態(tài)度。這類題常以考查段落標(biāo)題為主，設(shè)題位置一般在段首，有時總結(jié)性的語句也會出現(xiàn)在段中或段尾。這類題有時也會考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主題句，一般會在首段設(shè)空。概括起來講，命題人通常從兩個方面設(shè)題：①概括文章或段落的主題句或結(jié)論性語句；②段落標(biāo)題。解答主旨概括題通常采用瀏覽的方式，即重點搜索本段的主題線索詞并快速理清主旨大意，然后瀏覽選項，準(zhǔn)確判定出與主旨大意匹配的選項。典例4●__39__Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]設(shè)空位于段首，應(yīng)為本段主題句。主題句一般是對上文或下文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，快速瀏覽本段，本段提到sleptbetter,difficulttorelax,apeacefulsleep，依據(jù)這些關(guān)鍵詞匯可概括本段說的是晨練比晚上鍛煉更能改善睡眠，因此選B。[答案]B2.語段過渡題語段過渡題所涉及的句子是過渡句，具有承上啟下的作用，該題型主要考查考生對篇章的理解能力和對上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的分析能力。其設(shè)空位置比較靈活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解這類題通常可采用位置判斷法。如果設(shè)空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與之銜接，并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。如果設(shè)空位于段中，重點閱讀該空的前一句和后一句，找出它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系或根據(jù)意義的連貫性得出答案；如果還沒有把握，再分析該段的中心句。如果設(shè)空位于段尾，在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)時，可考慮與下一段開頭之間的銜接。仔細(xì)閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否能與所選選項緊密連接起來。典例5Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39__.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]設(shè)空處在段中，所填句子應(yīng)是過渡句。該空前一句主要內(nèi)容是“mediumcolorchoices”，是G項中“smallones”的升級。該空后一句介紹了兩種方式的顏色選擇，與G項中的“twomajorways”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。[答案]G3.細(xì)節(jié)線索題細(xì)節(jié)線索類的試題要求考生更加注重文章中的細(xì)節(jié)，比如某個關(guān)鍵的單詞或數(shù)字等。解答這類試題經(jīng)常用到的方法有：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法、詞匯同現(xiàn)法、代詞線索法、邏輯關(guān)系線索法等。1）．詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)法是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即在文章中不同的位置對同一個概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述，從而使得同樣的意思在文章中不同的地方重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式主要包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同(近)義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等?？忌衫梦恼碌倪@一特點，在解題時注意選項中出現(xiàn)的與正文意思相同、相近或相反的詞。典例6__38__.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]解此題可運用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法，該空所在段最后一句中的“smallcolorchoices”是D項“Smallcolorchoices”的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。[答案]D2）．詞匯同現(xiàn)法詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯范疇或者某一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中同時出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語意銜接的目的。一般來說，上下文中詞匯的范疇越小，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。典例7Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.__38__Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D．Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E．ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F．Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G．Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.[分析]解此題可運用詞匯同現(xiàn)法。該空前面的部分說明了作者被說服參加另一次野營活動，而空后則說這次野營活動有舒服的床和空調(diào)，因此空處的論述應(yīng)該是在“住宿”這一范疇內(nèi)，幾個選項中只有A項合適。[答案]A3）．代詞線索法英語文章中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞一般用來指代前面提及的名詞，考生如果能巧妙地利用這樣的指代關(guān)系或根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)就可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。典例8Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.__37__，theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]解此題可運用代詞線索法?？崭窈蟮膖hey指代上文中的techniques，且與A項中的allofthem相呼應(yīng)，代入A項“盡管它們都很有用”，符合語境，故選A。[答案]A4）．邏輯關(guān)系線索法一篇文章往往是一個有機(jī)的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來看，句子與句子之間常常有并列、順承、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果、過渡、例證等關(guān)系，有時甚至包含不止一種這樣的關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時一定要把握文章脈絡(luò)，弄清其中的邏輯關(guān)系。如果文中或選項中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關(guān)系詞，考生就可以利用其來進(jìn)行推理判斷；如果文中或選項中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，這就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語境弄清文章內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，作出正確的判斷。典例9IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.__36__Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer...Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewildernessWehavedonealotofitsince...__40(E)__Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D．Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E．ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F．Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G．Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.[分析]解此題可運用邏輯關(guān)系線索法。首句“如果三年前有人告訴我我會花大部分的周末時間去野營，我將會開懷大笑”使用了虛擬語氣，預(yù)示了后面的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。接著講述了作者過去對野營的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后來對野營的態(tài)度不一樣。D項表示“但是，從那時起我就學(xué)習(xí)了很多關(guān)于野營的知識”，however與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此是最佳選項。此題的關(guān)鍵是however這個邏輯關(guān)系詞，承上啟下，為下文內(nèi)容作鋪墊。[答案]D典例10...●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__39__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.40(G).Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG．Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave[分析]解此題可運用邏輯關(guān)系線索法。空格前說“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推測空格處會指出什么才是重要的，前后為順承邏輯關(guān)系，C項“我們做園藝工作的體驗才是重要的”符合題意。故選C項。[答案]C考點練透【真題再現(xiàn)】Passage01（2022年甲卷）ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___36___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___37___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___38___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___39___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___40___,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文介紹了不同國家的餐桌禮儀。36.【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐時要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤)”符合語境，其中“atarestaurant”對應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“WhenDiningOut”，同時引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方)”。故選D。37.【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時的注意事項，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。38.【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認(rèn)為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國家就餐時習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。39.【答案】G【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤，因為這向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠(yuǎn)不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單)”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。故選G。40.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.(你就會對它的外國文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項“Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry(你在某個國家待的時間越長)”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。Passage02（2022年乙卷）Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain（保持）long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（聯(lián)系）andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36·Moreisn'talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy（共情）38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·39Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don'trelyontechnologyalone40,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了如何維持和呵護(hù)維持異地友誼。【答案及解析】36.D【解析】根據(jù)前面Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.在繁忙的日程中，擠時間打電話可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)?？芍?，此空與時間有關(guān)，故D項試著找到一個適合你們兩個人的時間并堅持下去，與其意義相符，故選D。37.E【解析】根據(jù)前面一句Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.確保你已經(jīng)與你的朋友已經(jīng)溝通過關(guān)于你們每個人希望被聯(lián)系的頻率，以及什么方法對你們雙方都最有效?？芍?，E項Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication朋友們需要說出他們喜歡的交流方式，與互為解釋關(guān)系，故故E。38.G【解析】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Practiseempathy做到共情，和后面一句Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.留下來的朋友需要敏感地認(rèn)識到對搬家的朋友提出的所有額外時間要求?？芍珿項Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind你可能是那個離開的朋友，也可能是那個被留下的人，與上下文其意義相符，故選G。39.A【解析】根據(jù)設(shè)空位置可知，此處為主旨大意題，第二句是對此空的解釋說明。本段主要介紹Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.在遠(yuǎn)距離的友誼中，紀(jì)念日和生日的分量甚至更重。Anniversaries和birthdays都是重要的日期，故A項記住重要的日期符合段意，故選A。40.F【解析】根據(jù)后面一句butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.但遠(yuǎn)距離的友誼--即使是親密的友誼--可能需要更多有意識的努力來維持?？芍熬渑c其構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故F項Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia通過社交媒體很容易有一種聯(lián)系的感覺，與上下文其意義相符，故選F。Passage03（2022年新高考1卷）FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“__36___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.___37___Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmediabutitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.___38___Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.___39___Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.___40___Overtimebothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要闡述了擁有健身伙伴的好處，并介紹了應(yīng)如何尋找合適的健身伙伴?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartne.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉。”)”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由。第一個理由是“You’ll…if”的結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句式一致的原則，可優(yōu)先看選項C。在根據(jù)句意，C選項正是另一個理由，所以選擇項C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練，你會更努力。)”符合上下文語境。故選C?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】根據(jù)前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.(首先，決定你想從那個人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?)”，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“Or”以及“or”后面的問句，可確定空格處應(yīng)該也是一個類似結(jié)構(gòu)的問句，可確定答案在DE中。根據(jù)內(nèi)容，空格處應(yīng)該填寫反問自己結(jié)伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?(你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎?)”符合上下文語境。故選D?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】根據(jù)前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.(你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會得到有用的回應(yīng)。)”和后文“Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的。)”可知，選擇的伙伴應(yīng)該是同一個地區(qū)的，或者離的比較近。所以選擇項B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.(鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。39.【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息。)”中的“notice”以及“suchinformation”符合上下文語境。故選G。40.【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit--yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會受益——你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。)”可知，“differentskills”和“bothofyouwillbenefit”暗示要學(xué)會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學(xué)會彼此合作。)”符合上下文語境。故選F?！灸M過關(guān)】Text01（2022·江西·興國中學(xué)二模）Whetheryou’reinthefinalresearchstagesofamajorpaper,oronaZoom(acallingapp)callforwork,adroppedWiFiconnectionatzerohourissomethingannoying.___1___Oneofthemostcommonreasonsithappensisthattoomanydevicesareconnected.___2___Now,withsmartphones,iPads,smartTVsandsomuchmore,itdoesn’ttakelongforWiFitohopaboardthestrugglebus.Actually,evenifaconnecteddeviceisn’tactivelysendingorreceivingdata,itwillstillconsumesomeoftheavailablebandwidth.Itmeansthatifyouhavemanydevicesconnected,youcanstarttoseeslowdownsordropsinyourWiFiconnection.___3___ThefirstandeasiestfixistodisconnectunuseddevicesfromyourWiFi.TheeasiestwaytodothisistosimplychangeyourWiFipassword,whichwillkickeveryoneoff.Then,youcanallowonlycertaindevicestorejoin.___4___Itisworkabletostopgamingordownloadingamovie.___5___First,runaspeedtesttocheckyourcurrentspeed.(Google“speedtest”toseealistofwebsiteswhereyoucandothis.)Youmayhavetoomanydevicesconnectedfortheinternetspeedyou’repayingfor.Ifthisisthecase,contactyourinternetprovideraboutupgradingtoahigherspeed.Butyoumaywanttotrysomeofourotherfixesfirstbeforespendingthemoney.A．Whatcanyoudoaboutit?B．Sometimesthat’sallthat’srequired.C．Finally,youmayneedtoupgradeyourconnectivity.D．Peopledealwiththismoderninconvenienceallthetime,E．CuttingbackonheavyWiFiusetemporarilycanalsohelp.F．Ingeneral,thisisaverygoodsolutiontoadroppedWiFiconnection.G．Backintheday,theaveragehouseholdhadacomputerortwotoconnect.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章針對當(dāng)下普遍存在的WiFi容易斷連的問題給出了一些解決方法。1．【答案】D【解析】文章的第一句“Whetheryou’reinthefinalresearchstagesofamajorpaper,oronaZoom(acallingapp)callforwork,adroppedWiFiconnectionatzerohourissomethingannoying(不論你是在專業(yè)論文的最后研究階段，或是正通過Zoom（一款呼叫應(yīng)用程序）進(jìn)行工作通話，關(guān)鍵時刻突然斷開的WiFi連接都是很惱人的一件事)”陳述了不同場景下WiFi斷連的現(xiàn)象，D選項“人們總是在處理這一現(xiàn)代社會的不便”中的thismoderninconvenience呼應(yīng)到前句中的adroppedWiFiconnection，承接上文，符合邏輯。故選D項。2．【答案】G【解析】上一段的末尾“Oneofthemostcommonreasonsithappensisthattoomanydevicesareconnected.”已經(jīng)給出了WiFi容易斷連的原因之一就是連接的設(shè)備過多，G選項“過去，每家平均只有一兩臺電腦需要連接”與下一句“Now,withsmartphones,iPads,smartTVsandsomuchmore,itdoesn’ttakelongforWiFitohopaboardthestrugglebus.(如今，有了智能手機(jī)、iPad、智能電視等諸多設(shè)備，WiFi用不了多久就會被擠下來)”形成今昔對比，闡明了當(dāng)今電子設(shè)備過多導(dǎo)致WiFi容易斷連的現(xiàn)象。故選G項。3．【答案】A【解析】本段已詳細(xì)闡述了當(dāng)今電子設(shè)備過多導(dǎo)致WiFi容易斷連的現(xiàn)象，即提出了問題，而下一段首句就點明“ThefirstandeasiestfixistodisconnectunuseddevicesfromyourWiFi.(第一個也是最簡單的解決方法是斷開未使用設(shè)備與WiFi的連接)”即提出了相應(yīng)的解決方案，A選項“對此你能做些什么呢？”承上啟下，符合邏輯。故選A項。4．【答案】E【解析】最后兩段的主題是針對WiFi斷連提供的解決方法?？瞻缀缶洹癐tisworkabletostopgamingordownloadingamovie.(停止游戲或下載電影是可行的)”中提到的行為正對應(yīng)E選項“暫時減少過度使用WiFi的項目也會有所幫助”中的heavyWiFiuse，前后銜接緊密。故選E項。5．【答案】C【解析】空白句置于段首，瀏覽本段，并由“contactyourinternetprovideraboutupgradingtoahigherspeed(聯(lián)系你的網(wǎng)絡(luò)供應(yīng)商，咨詢更新升級到更高網(wǎng)速的事宜)”推知，該段給出的方法是升級網(wǎng)絡(luò)從而提高網(wǎng)速，C選項“最后，你可能需要更新你的連通性”符合本段主題。故選C項。Text02（2022·江西·二模）Accentsareanimportantpartofouridentity.Anaccentgivescluesaboutwhoweare,andthecommunitywebelongtoorwishtobelongto.____6____Whatisthedifferencebetweenaccentsandpronunciation?Accentsareaboutlocalizedwaysofspeakingalanguage.AFrenchpersonmayspeakEnglishflawlessly(完美無瑕地),justwithaFrenchaccent.____7____However,pronunciationissomethingthat—asalearner—youcangetrightorwrong.Ifyourpronunciationiscorrect,youcancommunicateeffectivelywithotherswhateveryouraccentis.____8____Ifyouthinkbackhistoricallypeopleweremuchmorelocalizedwithgenerationaftergenerationoffamilieslivinginthesamesmallvillagesandfewpeopletraveledoutofthatareaduringtheirlifetimes.Soovermanygenerationsdifferencesinaccentemergedandbecameverydistincttoparticularareas.Mountainousvillagesthatarenoteasilyaccessibleoftendevelopverystronganddistinctiveaccents.Howimportantisittogetanaccentright?Ifyou’removingtoacertainpartofacountry,youmightwanttointegratebetterwithyournewcommunity.____9____That’sbecauseitshowsasenseofbelongingtothecommunityyouaretryingtofitinwith.Howtoimproveyouraccent?____10____Andthenlearnersshouldconsiderwhichsoundsexistinthelanguageyou’relearningandthenspendsometimeinfrontofthemirrorpracticingmovingyourtongueandmouthtogetthosenewanddifferentsounds.Andlearnersshouldbeawareofstressandtone,whichcansometimesevenchangethemeaningofwords.A．Wheredoaccentsandpronunciationemerge?B．They’realsoimportantforthoselearninganewlanguage.C．Trytoadaptyourspeechtosoundmorelikethelocals’speech.D．Thebestwayistolearnthespecificaccentofthatregion.E．Wheredodifferenttypesofaccentscomefrom?F．That’sfinebecausethereisnowrongorrightwithanaccent.G．Learnersshouldfirstthinkaboutwhichsoundsdon’texistinyournativelanguage.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文?？谝羰俏覀兩矸莸闹匾M成部分，同時口音對學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言也很重要，本文主要講述了口音產(chǎn)生的原因，正確的口音的重要性以及如何的改