初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)之備考四大時(shí)態(tài)

初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)之備考四大時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，通常使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如:昨天我已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。(Ihadcompletedthistaskyesterday.)在過(guò)去的十年里，我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了每天鍛煉身體的習(xí)慣。(Overthepastdecade,Ihavedevelopedthehabitofexercisingeveryday.)在過(guò)去的一年中，我們一直在努力提高客戶滿意度。(Overthepastyear,wehavebeenworkinghardtoimprovecustomersatisfaction.)考點(diǎn)一：“usedto+do”結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。例如:我過(guò)去經(jīng)常鍛煉身體，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再這樣做了。(Iusedtoexerciseregularly,butInolongerdoso.)過(guò)去我經(jīng)常和朋友們一起去看電影，但現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)不這樣做了。(Iusedtogotothemovieswithmyfriends,butInolongerdoso.)過(guò)去我經(jīng)常在晚上熬夜工作，但現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)不這樣做了。(Iusedtoworklateatnight,butInolongerdoso.)考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)通常使用“would”這個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如:在未來(lái)的五年里，我將繼續(xù)努力工作，爭(zhēng)取晉升到更高的職位。(Inthenextfiveyears,Iwillcontinuetoworkhardandstrivetobepromotedtoahigherposition.)如果明天下雨，我就不去爬山了。(Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgomountainclimbing.)假設(shè)明天你到了辦公室，請(qǐng)給領(lǐng)導(dǎo)送一份報(bào)告。(Assumingthatyouarriveattheofficetomorrow,pleasedeliverareporttoyourleader.)需要注意的是，在某些情況下，可以使用“will”這個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)代替“would”,例如“我將會(huì)在未來(lái)的五年里繼續(xù)努力工作，爭(zhēng)取晉升到更高的職位。”過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)是表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或事件。它的構(gòu)成為“had+過(guò)去分詞”，常用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。例如:昨天我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)晚飯了。(Ihadalreadyhaddinneryesterday.)在過(guò)去的十年里，我們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了每天鍛煉身體的習(xí)慣。(Overthepastdecade,wehavedevelopedthehabitofexercisingeveryday.)在過(guò)去的一年中，我們一直在努力提高客戶滿意度。(Overthepastyear,wehavebeenworkinghardtoimprovecustomersatisfaction.)考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。HardlyhadIarrivedwhenheleft.ScarcelyhadIfinishedwhenhestarted.NosoonerhadIenteredtheroomthanheleft.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanheleft.考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。ItwasthethirdtimeIhadvisitedJapan.Ithadbeenthesecondtimehehadseenthemovie.ItwasthefirsttimeshehadeverbeentoChina.Ithadbeenthefirsttimehehadseenthemovie.考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。IIhadhopedthathewouldcometotheparty,buthedidn’t.Ihadexpectedthathewouldcallme,buthedidn’t.Ihadthoughtthathewouldbethere,buthewasn’t.Ihadintendedtogotothebeach,butitstartedraining.Ihadmeanttotellhimaboutit,butIforgot.Ihadwantedtoinvitehimtotheparty,buthewasbusy.Ihadsupposedthathewouldbeabletomakeit,buthecouldn’t.Ihadplannedtogoonvacationwithmyfamily,butwewereshort-handedandcouldn’tgo.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)用于表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間或動(dòng)作，表示將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生的事情。Iwillgotothestoretomorrow.Youwillbelateforthemeeting.Hewillcometoseeyoutomorrow.Wewillhaveapicnicnextweekend.Theywillbemarriednextmonth.一般將來(lái)時(shí)常在以下情況下使用:表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件。表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件。表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間預(yù)期要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件。表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間必須或?qū)?huì)發(fā)生的事情。表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間打算要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件?？键c(diǎn)一：一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中。WhenIgethome,Iwillhavedinner.Ifitrains,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.Afterthemeeting,hewillgohome.Unlessyoufinishyourhomework,youwon’tbeabletowatchTVtonight.Bythistimenextweek,hewillhavegraduatedfromcollege.）考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。Iamarrivingattheairporttomorrow.Heiscomingtoseeyoutonight.Iamleavingforworktomorrowmorning.Theyarestartingtheirnewjobnextweek.Iamgoingtothestoretobuysomegroceries.考點(diǎn)三：祈使句+and/or+句子的結(jié)構(gòu)中，and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)通常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。PleasewritedowntheinstructionsandIwillexplainthemtoyoulater.Payattentiontothetrafficrulesanddon’trunthestopsign.CleanyourroomandyoucanwatchTVtonight.Buysomegroceriesandwewillhavedinnertonight.Callyourmomandletherknowyou’llbelate.考點(diǎn)四：“am(is,are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事。Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsnextweekend.Heisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup.WearegoingtotraveltoEuropenextyear.Sheisgoingtostartanewjobnextmonth.Theyaregoingtohaveababysoon.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Iwillbeworkingatthistimetomorrow.Hewillbestudyingwhenyouarrive.Wewillbeeatingdinnerlatertonight.