高三上學(xué)期英語閱讀理解專項練習(xí)小卷17

英語閱讀理解專練小卷（17）WandaCinemaHOMECOMINGSept.30—Oct.20

Time:7:15p.m.(7:00p.m.onSept.30th)Tickets:Monday—Thursday:￥35Friday:￥39.9;Saturdays/Sundays:￥45.9297．HOMECOMINGstartsat________onOct.17.A．7:15a.m. B．7:00a.m. C．7:15p.m.298．IfMr.andMrs.WhitewanttogototheWandaCinemawiththeirsononMonday,theyneedtopay________.A．￥35 B．￥105 C．￥79.8Whomshouldyoumarry?Whereshouldyoulive?Howshouldyouspendyourtime?Forcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirgutinstincts(直覺)tofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Now,though,thereisabetterway.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.Therehaslongbeenoverwhelming-andoftensurprising-evidencethatalgorithms(算法)canbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(監(jiān)獄)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動員的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Infinance,thehedgefund(避險基金)RenaissanceTechnologiesdramaticallydefeatedcompetitorsbyseekingoutpatternsinstockmarketdataandusingthemtoinformitsinvestmentstrategy.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentsprovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolutionindecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsource(外包)ourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.299．Whatmakespeoplebetteratfindinganswerstolife-changingquestions?A．People’sbettergutinstincts. B．Changedhumanbehavior.C．Themoderninformationera. D．Variouscoursesaccessible.300．Accordingtoparagraph2,algorithmsmightNOTdefeatpeoplein______.A．courtrulings B．jobpromotionsC．operativeestimation D．teachingpractices301．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．TheplotofthemovieMoneyballisrelatedtosuccessfuldataanalysis.B．Scoutsandmanagersarenotneededinsuccessfulbaseballteams.C．ThehedgefundRenaissanceTechnologieshadsomefinancialproblems.D．TechfirmsinSiliconValleymainlyreliedondatatodesignwebsites.302．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Themoderninformationeraismatureenoughtotakeadvantageof.B．Peopleshouldoutsourceallthelifestylechoicestoalgorithms.C．Withbigdatapeoplecanlearnfromcountlesssimilarexamples.D．Face-to-faceconsultationwillbethemajortrendinthefuture.GardenerswhousepesticidesarecontributingtothedeclineofBritishsongbirds,astudysuggests.Scientistshaveurgedpeopletostop“sprayingtheirgardenswithpoisons”inordertohaltbirddeclineandadoptinsteadwildlife-friendlypractices.TheresultsoftheUniversityofSussexstudy,whichresearcherscallthefirstofitskind,werepublishedinthejournalScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.Theexperiment,whichsurveyed615gardensinBritain,found25%fewerhousesparrowswhenglyphosate(草甘膦)wasusedregularly.Thisisaningredientfoundincommonlyusedherbicide(除草劑)brandssuchasRounduporGallup.Slugpellets(鼻涕蟲殺蟲劑)alsoseemedtohaveanimpactonbirdsightings;ingardenswhereSlugpelletswereused,housesparrownumbersweredownbyalmost40%.Prof.DaveGoulson,oftheschooloflifesciencesattheUniversityofSussex,said,“TheUKhas22milliongardens,whichcollectivelycouldbeafantasticrefugeforwildlife,butnotiftheyareoverlytidyandsprayedwithpoisons.Wejustdon’tneedpesticidesinourgardens.Manytownsaroundtheworldarenowpesticidefree.Weshouldsimplybantheuseofthesepoisonsinurbanareas,followingtheexampleofFrance.”TheRoyalHorticulturalSociety,theUK’sleadinggardeningcharity,saidtheuseofpesticidesandherbicidesshouldbeavoidedifpossibleandtheyshouldonlybeused,ifever,insmallandtargetedapplications.Theresearchalsofoundthatthosewhoadoptedwildlife-friendlypracticessuchasplantingnativeshrubsandflowers,ordiggingawildlifepond,sawmorebirdsthanthosewhodidnot.CannelleTassindeMontaigu,aPhDresearcherwithintheschooloflifesciencesandanauthorofthestudy,said,“It’sencouragingtofindthatsimplemeasures,suchasplantingnativeshrubsandtreesandcreatingapond,togetherwithavoidingtheuseofpesticides,reallymakeameasurabledifferencetothenumberofbirdsyouwillseeinyourgarden.”303．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Stop. B．Attract. C．Note. D．Witness.304．Whyarethestatisticsmentionedinparagraph2?A．Torevealthesevereinfluenceofpesticidesonbirds.B．Tocomparetheeffectsoftwokindsofpesticides.C．Toconvincereadersoftheimportanceofhousesparrows.D．Tohelpgardenerschoosetheproperpesticides.305．WhatcanbeinferredfromProf.DaveGoulson’swords?A．TheidealplacesforwildlifeintheUKareextremelytidygardens.B．ThegardensintheUKaresotidythatpesticidesarenotneeded.C．PesticidesshouldbeprohibitedfromusethroughouttheUK.D．SomecountrieslikeFrancehavemadeurbanareaspesticidefree.306．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Alternativemethodstokeepgardenstidy.B．Assistantwaystoincreasethenumberofbirds.C．Gardeners’attitudestowardstheexperiment.D．Otherresearchers’interestintheexperiment.Ican’tmissthelittleoldladywithherkerchief(方頭巾)onherhead,ablackumbrellablowingallover.Icantellsheisfreezing.Sheisstandingatabusstop,andI’mdrivingby,lateformyearlymorningshift.Idecidetostopandofferheraride.Ofcourse,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainandinsist,finally,shegetsinthecar.Itakehertoherdestination,andbythetimeshegetsoutofmycar,sheissmilingandthanksme.Iwaslateforworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanewhabit,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.Ifthere’ssomeoneatabusstop,especiallyifit’sanelderlypersonwaitingatoffhoursandinbadweather,Iwillpulloverandaskiftheyneedaride.Once,ayoungdoctorjumpedin.Shehadfinishedalongshiftandhadbeenwaitingandwaitingatthebusstop.Shehadnohesitationand,forthefirsttime,Iwasabletohelpsomeonewhoperformsmiracles(奇跡)onadailybasis.Thatfeltgood.Butthebestpartofmyrideoffersistheconversation.Idotendtoaskalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecomestomind.Surprisingly,everyonewantstochat.Weareusuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.“Whatashame!”Ioftenthinkwhentheyhopout,asthestorieswerejustgettingstarted.Nowasretirementapproaches,IbelieveIhavefoundmycalling.Iwillbehappytojoinacommunitydrivingprogramtotakepeopletooneappointmentoranother–orperhapsjusttothecoffeeshoptositandlistenforanhour.Astheyearspass,perhapsIwillbetheonestandingatthebusstop.Perhapstherewillbesomebodywhorollsdownawindowandoffersmeaseatforalittleride.Iwillcontinuetotakethatleapoffaithinthekindnessofstrangers.307．Whatarethefirstthreeparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Howtheauthorstartedofferingrides.B．Thevalueoftheauthor’sactions.C．Anoldladywhoimpressedtheauthor.D．Anaccidentthathappened40yearsago.308．Whatdoestheauthorlikemostaboutherrideoffers?A．Helpingpeoplewhocontributetosociety.B．Peopleacceptingherofferwithouthesitation.C．Chattingwithherpassengers.D．Makingfriendswithherpassengers.309．Whatdoestheauthorplantodo?A．Becomeataxidriverafterretirement.B．Continuedrivingpeopletotheirdestinations.C．Waittobeofferedarideatabusstop.D．Shareherstorieswithmorepeople.310．Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A．Elderlypeopleneedmorecareandsupport.B．Itisimportanttofindapurposeinlife.C．Offeringridestostrangersinvolvesrisks.D．Alwaysbelieveinthegoodnessinpeople.IntraditionalstickpuppetshowsinShanxi,puppeteersholdupandmanipulate(操控)thepuppetsusingthreerods(桿).Thepuppetsaredressedintraditionalcostumesandfrolic(嬉戲)onstage.Theyareabletochangetheirfacialexpressionsandperformcomplicatedmovements.Suchartcan’tbecreatedwithoutthepainstakingeffortofpuppetmakerslikeWangMaowei,40,whoisfromXiaoyi,Shanxi.“WhenIchosepuppet-makingasateenager,Igraduallyfellinlovewithitanddecidedtodedicatemyselftothecraft,”Wangsaid.In2008,Xiaoyi’sstickpuppetplayswereaddedtothenationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.Ittakes40to50daystomakeastickpuppet.Theaverageheightofapuppetis75centimetersto1meter,andtheyhavedifferentcostumestofitvariousplaysandplots.“Tomakepuppets,youneedtohavesensitivityandabasicfoundationinthefinearts,”Wangsaid.TraditionalXiaoyipuppetplaysusethestyleoflocaloperas,whichareappealingtotheelderly.Yearsago,Wangrealizedthatplaysmustcatertothemarket.Hedecidedtostartwiththeappearanceofthepuppets.Stickpuppetsaretraditionallycarvedfromwoodandarebothtime-consumingtomakeandheavytohold.Wangfoundthataspecialkindofkraftpaperisaperfectsubstitute(替代品).Itmeanscraftspeoplecanputthingsinsidethepuppets’headstoallowthemtobeoperated—thenose,eyesandmouthofapuppetcanallmoveviatheuseofrods.JourneytotheWest,aclassicChinesenovel,hasbeenfrequentlyadaptedinpuppetshows.Inthetale,theMonkeyKingcanusehiseyestodistinguishmonstersfromordinaryhumanbeings.Torecreatethispowerinhisshow,WangmakestheMonkeyKingpuppetshootlaserbeams(激光)fromhiseyesandspit(噴)firefromhismouth.“Itrequirestimeandenergytocreateadelicatepieceofwork...ThesepuppetsarelikemyownchildrenandIalwaystakegoodcareofthem,”Wangsaid.311．AccordingtoWangMaowei,whatspecificskillsarerequiredformakingstickpuppets?A．Creativityandimagination.B．Patienceandphysicalstrength.C．Sensitivityandabasicknowledgeoffinearts.D．Engineeringandtechnologicalskills.312．WhydidWangdecidetousekraftpaperformakingstickpuppets?A．Toreduceproductiontimeandeffort.B．Tomakepuppetslookmorebeautiful.C．Toreducethecostsofmakingpuppets.D．Tomakethemlighterandeasiertooperate.313．HowdoesWangmaketheMonkeyKingpuppetunique?A．Bymakingitsinganddance.B．Bymakingitspitfirefromitsmouth.C．Bymakingitflyacrossthestage.D．Bymakingitshootlaserbeamsfromitsears.314．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinguish”inparagraph7mostlikelymean?A．tell B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．enjoy D．prevent答案：297．C298．B【來源】湖南省湘鄉(xiāng)市名民實驗學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語試題【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了《萬里歸途》這部電影在萬達(dá)電影院的放映安排。297．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Time:7:15p.m.(7:00p.m.onSept.30th)(時間：上午7:15，9月30日上午7點。)”可知，10月17日在上午7:15開始放映，故選C。298．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Tickets:Monday-Thursday:￥35(票價：周一至周四：35元。)”可知，如果懷特先生和懷特夫人以及他們的兒子在周一的時候去看的話，他們需要支付：35元乘以3等于105元，故選B。299．C300．D301．A302．C【來源】湖南省長沙市長郡中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試（暑假作業(yè)檢測）英語試題（含聽力）【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。作者陳述并論證了自己的觀點：我們應(yīng)該擁抱大數(shù)據(jù)讓它參與人生重大決定。299．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.(我們正生活在一個數(shù)據(jù)爆炸的時代，關(guān)于人類行為各個方面的大量信息變得越來越容易獲取。我們可以利用這些大數(shù)據(jù)來幫助確定繪制地圖的最佳路線。)”可知。作者主要的觀點是在信息時代利用大數(shù)據(jù)去幫助自己決定選擇哪條路徑。故選C項。300．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(監(jiān)獄)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.(例如，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個簡單的數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動算法在決定被告是應(yīng)該留在監(jiān)獄還是釋放時，會比法官做得更好；在決定病人是否應(yīng)該接受手術(shù)方面比醫(yī)生做得更好；而且比學(xué)校校長更擅長決定哪些老師應(yīng)該升職。)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的算法在這些方面表現(xiàn)更好：在法官決定被告人是該監(jiān)禁還是釋放方面；在醫(yī)生決定病人是否該做手術(shù)方面；在學(xué)校校長決定哪些老師應(yīng)該升職方面，在以上方面，算法都比人類做的好，由此可知，只有“教學(xué)實踐”方面有可能不會打敗人類。故選D項。301．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動員的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.(數(shù)據(jù)分析的力量在體育和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域也得到了證明。正如書和電影《點球成金》(Moneyball)所述，棒球隊發(fā)現(xiàn)算法在挑選球員方面比球探好，在挑選策略方面比經(jīng)理好。)”可知，在電影《點球成金》中，算法在挑選球員和挑選策略方面比人類要好，由此可知，電影“點球成金”中的情節(jié)與成功的數(shù)據(jù)分析有關(guān)系。故選A項。302．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.(相反，我認(rèn)為我們都可以通過咨詢從成千上萬與我們面臨類似困境的人那里獲得的證據(jù)來顯著改善我們的決策。我們現(xiàn)在就能做到。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，在眾多面臨著類似的困境的人那里獲取的數(shù)據(jù)，能極大地幫助人們的決策，所以作者應(yīng)該贊成“我們可以運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)從類似的例子中學(xué)習(xí)”這一觀點。故選C項。303．A304．A305．D306．B【來源】湖南省長沙市長郡中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試（暑假作業(yè)檢測）英語試題（含聽力）【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用殺蟲劑造成英國鳴禽數(shù)量減少。為遏制這一趨勢，科學(xué)家們向英國的園丁們介紹了一些合適的環(huán)保做法。303．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“GardenerswhousepesticidesarecontributingtothedeclineofBritishsongbirds,astudysuggests.Scientistshaveurgedpeopletostop“sprayingtheirgardenswithpoisons”(一項研究表明，使用殺蟲劑的園丁正在導(dǎo)致英國鳴禽數(shù)量的減少。科學(xué)家敦促人們停止“向花園噴灑毒藥”)”可知，殺蟲劑的使用造成了鳴禽減少，科學(xué)家呼吁人們停止使用這些殺蟲劑。由此推知，科學(xué)家呼吁的目的在于遏制這一趨勢，阻止鳴禽數(shù)量減少，halt與stop意思相近，意為“阻止，制止”。故選A項。304．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Theexperiment,whichsurveyed615gardensinBritain,found25%fewerhousesparrowswhenglyphosate(草甘膦)wasusedregularly.Thisisaningredientfoundincommonlyusedherbicide(除草劑)brandssuchasRounduporGallup.Slugpellets(鼻涕蟲殺蟲劑)alsoseemedtohaveanimpactonbirdsightings;ingardenswhereSlugpelletswereused,housesparrownumbersweredownbyalmost40%.(這項調(diào)查了英國615個花園的實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，定期使用草甘膦可以減少25%的家麻雀。這是一種在常用除草劑（如Roundup或Gallup）品牌中發(fā)現(xiàn)的成分。鼻涕蟲殺蟲劑似乎也對鳥類景觀有影響；在使用鼻涕蟲殺蟲劑的花園中，麻雀的數(shù)量下降了近40%。)”可知，本段通過列數(shù)據(jù)說明了兩種殺蟲劑成分導(dǎo)致英國花園中的鳴禽數(shù)量大幅減少。由此推知，列出數(shù)據(jù)是為了證明第一段中研究者所做出的發(fā)現(xiàn)，即殺蟲劑嚴(yán)重影響了英國的鳴禽。故選A項。305．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中DaveGoulson教授所說的話“Wejustdon’tneedpesticidesinourgardens.Manytownsaroundtheworldarenowpesticidefree.Weshouldsimplybantheuseofthesepoisonsinurbanareas,followingtheexampleofFrance.(我們的花園不需要殺蟲劑。世界上許多城鎮(zhèn)現(xiàn)在都沒有殺蟲劑了。我們應(yīng)該效仿法國，干脆禁止在城市地區(qū)使用這些毒藥。)”可推知，像法國這樣的一些國家已經(jīng)禁止城市地區(qū)使用殺蟲劑。故選D項。306．主旨大意題。通讀最后一段內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合其中的最后一句“It’sencouragingtofindthatsimplemeasures,suchasplantingnativeshrubsandtreesandcreatingapond,togetherwithavoidingtheuseofpesticides,reallymakeameasurabledifferencetothenumberofbirdsyouwillseeinyourgarden.”.(令人鼓舞的是，發(fā)現(xiàn)一些簡單的措施，比如種植本地灌木和樹木，建造一個池塘，同時避免使用殺蟲劑，真的會對你在花園里看到的鳥類數(shù)量產(chǎn)生可測量的影響。”。)”可知，本段主要介紹了增加鳥類數(shù)量的輔助方法。故選B項。307．A308．C309．B310．D【來源】寧夏銀川三沙源上游學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。我在惡劣的天氣里開車時，會讓在寒風(fēng)冷雨中等車的人們搭便車。我堅持這個習(xí)慣40年，最喜歡的部分是與他們之間的談話。隨著歲月流逝，也許站在公交車站的人會是我，當(dāng)有人搖下車窗時，我會繼續(xù)相信陌生人的善良。307．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Idecidetostopandofferheraride.(我決定停下來載她一程)”，第二段“Ofcourse,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainandinsist,finally,shegetsinthecar.(當(dāng)然，她拒絕了，但當(dāng)我再次詢問并堅持時，她終于上車了)”和第三段“Iwaslateforworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanewhabit,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.(那天我上班遲到了，但我很高興我停下來了。那是40年前的事了，一個新習(xí)慣的開始，當(dāng)我在惡劣的天氣里開車時，這個習(xí)慣還會繼續(xù))”可知，前三段主要講的是作者是如何開始提供搭車服務(wù)的。故選A。308．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Butthebestpartofmyrideoffersistheconversation.(但我提供的乘車服務(wù)中最棒的部分是我們之間的對話)”可知，在行車過程中，作者最喜歡的是與乘客聊天。故選C。309．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Nowasretirementapproaches,IbelieveIhavefoundmycalling.Iwillbehappytojoinacommunitydrivingprogramtotakepeopletooneappointmentoranother—orperhapsjusttothecoffeeshoptositandlistenforanhour.(現(xiàn)在，隨著退休的臨近，我相信我已經(jīng)找到了自己的使命。我將很樂意參加一個社區(qū)駕駛項目，帶人們?nèi)ジ凹s——或者只是去咖啡店坐下來聽一個小時)”可知，作者打算繼續(xù)把人們送到目的地