Unit 6 閱讀理解練習(xí)-2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期課文批注式解析（外研版2019必修第一冊(cè)）

PART3課后習(xí)題【Passage1】Thestoryofcleaningupplasticgarbage清理塑料垃圾的故事文章來(lái)源：同步練習(xí)題體裁：記敘文詞數(shù)：296【文章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一位退休教師有感于電影介紹的塑料污染危害而決定清理塑料垃圾的故事。

本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一位退休教師有感于電影介紹的塑料污染危害而決定清理塑料垃圾的故事。

【你的筆記】

【你的筆記】AlongthecoastofCornwall,theUK,bythewhitebeachesnearStAustell,asuperherostandstall.Whatisthissuperhero’sweaponofchoice?Shehastwo,actually:inonehand,alargerecyclingbag,andintheother,aheavy-dutylitterpicker.MeetPatSmith,the71-year-oldeco-warrior(環(huán)境衛(wèi)士)alsoknownas“ActionGranny”.Patsetherselfatasktocleartheplasticfrom52beachesinCornwallandDevon.TheformerteacherjumpedintoactionafterwatchingafilmcalledAPlasticOcean,whichdescribedtherangeofplasticpollutiondamagingtheworld'soceansandkillingsealife.“Itwasreallylife-changingforme，”saysPat.“Untilthatpoint,Ihadn’trealizedtherewasaproblemwithplasticintheocean.Iwenthomefromthetheaterandwasreallybothered.Wehavebeenconsumingsomuchplasticthatwearecausinganoceancrisis.Isaidtomyself‘I’vegottodosomethingaboutit.’”FromJanuary1untilDecember31,2018,Patcleanedonebeacheveryweek.Yetevenwiththeyearoverandhertaskpleted,shehasn'tstopped.Patisalsopickinguplitter—andsoareherchildrenintheplayground,“Mydaughter-in-lawsaidlastweekthatshehadorganizedalitter-pickingactivityintheplaygroundwithotherchildren.Thatjustshowsyouthatwhenpeopleareexposedtowhatyoudo,theyareverylikelytofollowinyourfootsteps.”JoiningPattodayisMarta,aresearchfellowattheBasqueCenterforClimateChange,whohastravelledfromSpaintoCornwalltoshowsupportforPat’saction.ShealsoexplainedherintentionofcooperationtoPat.Asanenvironmentalistherself,Martaknowshowimportantitistoworkhandinhand,andshewouldliketoshowhersincerity.1.Howdoestheauthorstartthepassage?A.Byraisingaquestion.B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Bydescribingasituation.D.Byintroducingafamiliarfilm.2.WhatmadePatdecidetocleanbeachplastic?A.Hertitleasasuperhero.B.Herusingtoomuchplastic.C.Herpreviousjobasateacher.D.HerwatchingAPlasticOcean.3.WhydidMartagotoCornwall?A.ToaskforsupportfromPat.B.ToadvocatePatandworktogetherwithher.C.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofclimatechange.D.Toshowtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ARetiredTeacher’sWaronPlasticWasteB.TheCooperationBetweenPatandMartaC.AConsiderateGrannyandNationalSuperheroD.AnElderlyGranny’sStudyonClimateChange

【參考答案】1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“AlongthecoastofCornwall,theUK,bythewhitebeachesnearStAustell,asuperherostandstall.”可知，本文是以介紹地理位置和環(huán)境特點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheformerteacherjumpedintoactionafterwatchingafilmcalledAPlasticOcean”可知，帕特是通過(guò)觀看電影《塑料海洋》后，才決定采取行動(dòng)清理海灘塑料垃圾的。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“JoiningPattodayisMarta...showsupportforPat'saction.ShealsoexplainedherintentionofcooperationtoPat.”可知，瑪爾塔來(lái)到康沃爾的目的是支持帕特的行動(dòng)并愿意和她一起工作。4.A標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了一位退休教師有感于電影介紹的塑料污染問(wèn)題而決定清理海灘塑料垃圾的故事。因此A項(xiàng)適合作文章標(biāo)題。

【Passage2】Anomalousnorthwardmigrationofmarineorganisms海洋生物異常北移文章來(lái)源：同步練習(xí)題體裁：說(shuō)明文詞數(shù)：314【文章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了海洋熱浪致美國(guó)大量海洋生物異常北遷。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了海洋熱浪致美國(guó)大量海洋生物異常北遷?！灸愕墓P記】

【你的筆記】AstudyhasfoundthatwarmerwatersoffNorthAmerica'sWestCoastcausedmanykindsofsealifetomovefarthernorththaneverbefore.ThestudywasaprojectofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.ThescientistsexaminedwatersoffthecoastofNorthernCaliforniaintheeasternPacificOcean.Theresearcherssaytheyrecognizedalocalof67species（物種）between2014and2016,duringwhatwasdescribedasa“marineheatwave”.Marineheatwaveswereexplainedinthestudyas“aperiodofextremeseasurfacetemperatureslastingfordaystomonths”.The2014－2016heatwaveisthoughttobethelargesteverrecorded.ThewarmwaterlatermovedsouthwardtowardCalifornia.ThewarmerwaterswerepartlyaproductofElNi?oconditionsduringthesameperiod,researchersnoted.ElNi?odevelopswhenwindsoffthecoastofSouthAmericaweaken.ThisenablesthewarmwaterinthewesternPacifictomoveeastward.ElNi?ooftencausesoceantemperaturesintheareatorisebetween2to4degreesCelsius,thestudyfound.Theresearchersreportedthat37ofthe67speciestheystudiedhadneverbeforebeenobservedsofarnorthasCalifornia.Thesecreaturesarenativetoanareahundredsofkilometerstothesouth,mainlyaroundBajaCaliforniainMexico.AfewwereevenfoundnorthofCalifornia,offthestateofOregon.Thenorthwardtravelofsomanydifferentseacreatureswasconsidered“unprecedented”(史無(wú)前例的)bytheresearchers.Amongthespeciesfoundinthestudywereameat-eatingseaslugthathuntsotherseaslugs,aseasnail“butterfly”andapurple-linedjellyfish.Anotherunexpectedvisitorwasthepelagicredcrab,whichresearcherssaidhadonlybeenfoundinareasoffthecoastofMexico.Scientistsinvolvedinthestudybelievethefindingscanprovidevaluableinformationforknowingfuturesealifereactionstowarmingoceans.5.Whatisamarineheatwaveaccordingtothepassage?A.Anoceanwiththeroughsurface.B.Awavewithlowtemperatures.C.Aperiodofwarmeroceansurfacewater.D.Aspecieslivinginextremeweather.6.WhatcontributestoElNi?oconditions?A.Warmerwaters.B.WeakenedwindsoffSouthAmerica.C.Thecolderseasurface.D.Speciesmovingnorthward.7.Whydoestheauthormentionthemeat-eatingseasluginparagraph4?A.Topointoutthatoceanenvironmentbeesworse.B.Tosuggestthatseacreaturesneedseparatelivingspace.C.Toprovethatmanykindsofsealifecanadapttowarmerwaters.D.ToevidencethatoceantemperaturesalongCaliforniaarehigherthanbefore.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theheatwavesdisturbthelifeofmanyseacreatures.B.Theincreasedtemperaturebenefitsmanyseacreatures.C.Sealifereactionscanbevaluabletopredictfutureheatwaves.D.Theheatwavescausemanyunexpectedvisitorstomovesouthward.

【參考答案】5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“aperiodofextremeseasurfacetemperatureslastingfordaystomonths”可知，海洋熱浪是一個(gè)海洋表層水變暖的時(shí)期。6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ElNi?odevelopswhenwindsoffthecoastofSouthAmericaweaken.”可知，南美洲減弱的風(fēng)促使了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，67個(gè)物種中，有37個(gè)在加利福尼亞州北部從未被觀察，這是因?yàn)榧永Ｄ醽喼菅匕兜暮Ｑ鬁囟缺纫郧案摺?.A推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，海洋熱浪導(dǎo)致美國(guó)大量海洋生物異常北遷，這是一種被迫性地遷移，因此可知，熱浪擾亂了許多海洋生物的生活。

【Passage3】Anewtypeofdegradableplastic一種新型易降解塑料文章來(lái)源：同步練習(xí)題體裁：說(shuō)明文詞數(shù)：320【文章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)正在研究一種新型塑料，這種塑料更容易降解，更耐用且可以循環(huán)利用。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)正在研究一種新型塑料，這種塑料更容易降解，更耐用且可以循環(huán)利用?！灸愕墓P記】

【你的筆記】Plasticsremainoneofthemost-usedmaterialsformakingmanythings.Thingsmadeofplasticscanbeverystrongandlastalongtime.Plasticsarealsomuchlighterthanmetalandcaneasilybeformedintodifferentshapes.Plasticscantakehundredsofyearstobreakdownontheirown.Andveryfewkindsarehighlyrecyclable.AteamofresearchersworkingattheUSDepartmentofEnergysaysithascreatedakindofplasticthatcouldleadtoproductsthatare100percentrecyclable.ItrecentlyreportedthediscoveryinastudyinthejournalNatureChemistry.Theresearcherssaythenewmaterialisaplasticpolymer(聚合物)calledpolydiketoenamine,orPDK.Theteamreportsthematerialcanbebrokendowninpartsatthemolecular(分子的)level.Itcanthenbebuiltupagaintoformplasticsofdifferentshapes,texturesandcolors.Theresearcherssaythisprocesscanberepeatedoverandoveragain—withouttheplasticmateriallosinganyperformanceorquality.“Mostplasticswerenevermadetoberecycled，”leadresearcherPeterChristensensaidinastatement.“Butwehavediscoveredanewwaytoassembleplasticsthattakesrecyclingintoconsiderationfromamolecularperspective.”Manyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothemtomakethemmoreusefulandpowerful.Theproblemisthatthesechemicalsattachtothemonomers(單體),whichremaininplasticsevenafterthematerialgetsprocessedatarecyclingplant.Theresearchteamreportedthat,withthenewlydiscoveredPDKmaterial,themonomerscouldberecoveredandseparatedfromanychemicaladditives.NexttheresearchersplantodevelopPDKplasticswithawiderangeofthermalandmechanicalproperties.Theseplasticscouldbeusedformanykindsofcloth,aswellasthingssuchas3Dprintedmaterialsandfoams.Inaddition,theteamistryingtoincludeplant-basedmaterialsintheprocess.1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Plasticsarewidelyusedinourlives.B.Plasticsarewidelyusedinourlives.C.Plasticshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.D.Plasticstakehundredsofyearstobebrokendown.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph3referto?A.Thenewmaterial.B.Theresearchteam.C.Themolecularlevel.D.Theproducingprocess.3.Whydomanyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothem?A.Tomakethemeasytobreakdown.B.Tomakethemeasytogetprocessed.C.Tomakeitpossibleforthemtoberecycled.D.Tomakethemstrongerandmorewidelyused.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.PDKplasticswillbesoonputtogooduse.B.PDKplasticsmayhaveapromisingprospect.C.TheresearchersarebusydevelopingPDKplastics.D.Plant-basedmaterialshavebeenusedinthenewplastics.

【參考答案】1.C段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thingsmadeofplasticscanbeverystrongandlastalongtime...Andveryfewkindsarehighlyrecyclable.”可知，塑料結(jié)實(shí)耐用，更易成型；降解慢，且?guī)缀醪荒苎h(huán)利用。所以本段講了塑料的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。2.A代詞指代題。根據(jù)前句“Theteamreportsthematerialcanbe...molecularlevel.”和畫(huà)線詞后面的“canthenbebuiltupagaintoformplastics...andcolors”可知，it代指的是前文提到的新材料，從canbe和canthenbe可以推出前后講的是同一事物。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Manyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothemtomakethemmoreusefulandpowerful.”可知，加入其他化學(xué)物質(zhì)的目的是讓塑料更有用、更耐用。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Theseplasticscouldbeusedformanykindsofcloth...3Dprintedmaterialsandfoams.”可知，這種新型塑料在將來(lái)可以被用在很多領(lǐng)域，例如布料、3D打印和泡沫。

【Passage4】Suggestionsonharmonywithnature與自然和諧相處的建議文章來(lái)源：同步練習(xí)題體裁：說(shuō)明文詞數(shù)：263【文章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了生活在城市里親近大自然，與大自然和諧相處的幾條建議。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了生活在城市里親近大自然，與大自然和諧相處的幾條建議。【你的筆記】

【你的筆記】Lookingforawaytoreconnectwithnaturebutyou'renotsurehowtowhenyouliveinthecity?Hereareafewwaystoliveinharmonywithnatureandreduceyourstress.Goonawildlifewalk36.________,soyoucangotoyourcityparkstogetsomevaluableinformation.Youcanalsoenjoythenaturalbeautyinthecity.Awildlifewalkisoneoftheeasiestwaystoconnectwithnaturebecauseithelpsyoutorealizethatyou'resurrounded(圍繞)bynature.37.________Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwithearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.Thisverydirectconnectionwithnaturewillmakeyourealizethatyou'repartofthehugeworld,helpingyoutorelaxandfeelcalmer.AttractnatureyourselfOneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitetoyou.38.________.Youcanalsofillsometubswithflowerstoattractbutterflies.Createafriendlyplacefornatureandyou'resuretoattractallkindsofbeingspassingclosetoyourhome.CreateasmallgardenPlantsandflowersarepartofnatureaswellandeventhetiniestamountofspacecanbeturnedintoabeautifulgarden.Ifyou'vegotabalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.39.________.Imaginehowsatisfyingitwouldbetosharethemwithyourfriendsandfamily.Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorefortablelifestyleinabigcity.40.________.A.HaveawalkinaparkB.PutoffyourshoesandwalkbarefootC.YoucangrowyourownvegetablesonitaswellD.There’slotsofurbanwildlifeforyoutodiscoverE.IthelpsyoutoexperiencenaturefromadifferentviewpointF.Meantime,thisisthebestmethodforimprovingyourhealthG.Youcanputabirdfeederonyourbalconyorbyyourwindow

【參考答案】36.D根據(jù)標(biāo)題中的關(guān)鍵詞wildlife和空后的“soyoucangotoyourcityparkstogetsomevaluableinformation”及“Awildlifewalk”可知，D項(xiàng)“有大量的都市野生生物等著你去發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合語(yǔ)境。37.B本段主要介紹光腳在草地上走，且本段中的“walkingwithoutshoesongrass”與B項(xiàng)“Putoffyourshoesandwalkbarefoot”相照應(yīng)。38.G根據(jù)空后的“Youcanalsofillsometubswithflowerstoattractbutterflies.”可知，G項(xiàng)“你可以在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上或是窗戶旁邊放一個(gè)喂鳥(niǎo)器”符合語(yǔ)境。39.C空前說(shuō)在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上種些花，所以接著說(shuō)也可以種些蔬菜，空后的them指代vegetables。40.F最后一段介紹親近自然的好處，與第一段最后一句相呼應(yīng)。

【Passage5】Whytigersareendangered造成老虎瀕危的原因文章來(lái)源：同步練習(xí)題體裁：說(shuō)明文詞數(shù)：【文章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要主要講了老虎的瀕?，F(xiàn)狀以及造成這種現(xiàn)狀的原因。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要主要講了老虎的瀕?，F(xiàn)狀以及造成這種現(xiàn)狀的原因?！灸愕墓P記】

【你的筆記】Itisaterribletimefortheworld'stigers.There1.(be)oncealotoftheseanimalsthroughouteasternandsouthernAsia.2.,wildtigersnowonlyliveinsmallar