建昌縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》考前沖刺試題含解析

建昌縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》考前沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Justseveraldaysago,aviolentstormhitourcommunity.Ilookedoutofthewindowandwitnessedatreebeing1bythefiercewinds.Thebranchesbent,andswayedbackandforth,thankstotheir2toavoidbreaking.Theleavesdesperatelystucktothebranchesbecausetheirlife3thetree.Thepowerfultrunkthat4thetreeuprightbentslightlybackwardsfromtheforceinabattleto5itsposition.Afterthestormhadpassed,thetreegracefullyreturnedtoits6positionstandingtallamongthechaos.Itmanagedto7thestorm.Itdidn’tlookthesameasleaveshadshedfromitsbranchesandthesoilhadloosenedabit,butwhat8isthatthetreewonthefightforitslife.ForalongtimeIcouldn’tunderstandwhythistree9myattentionthewayitdid.Astimepassed,itbecame10thatitwasn’tjustaboutthetreebutabouttheroots,which,althoughunseen,digdeepintothesoilproviding11andnutrition.Therootsallowthetreetobeabletotakea12becausetheyaretheretosupportthem.Icouldn’tbutaskmyselfhowdeeptherootsareinmylife.13,thenexttimeyoucatchyourkids14,whenthejobisdrivingyoucrazy,whenyouareunderpaidandthe15istight,andwhenthestormsoflifeareraging,gobacktoyourroots.Lifeisfullof16.Theywillmakeyousway,makeyou17,makeyoulosesomeleavesbutthedeeperyourrootsthestrongeryoustand.Facedwith18youmightbendbutdon’tbreak.Nomatterhowhardthewindblowsdon’tletlife19youintoanuncomfortableposition.Your20liesinyourroots.1、A．crushedB．a(chǎn)busedC．brokenD．removed2、A．heightB．thicknessC．flexibilityD．outline3、A．a(chǎn)nsweredforB．dependedonC．cateredforD．touchedon4、A．heldB．tiedC．pulledD．raised5、A．a(chǎn)chieveB．reachC．establishD．maintain6、A．currentB．finalC．originalD．comfortable7、A．exploreB．a(chǎn)voidC．chaseD．survive8、A．countsB．differsC．concernsD．reveals9、A．fixedB．transferredC．escapedD．caught10、A．strangeB．obviousC．possibleD．reasonable11、A．surroundingsB．resourcesC．probabilityD．stability12、A．beatingB．standC．chanceD．turning13、A．HoweverB．ThereforeC．NeverthelessD．Besides14、A．misbehavingB．strugglingC．withdrawingD．misunderstanding15、A．securityB．deadlineC．moneyD．community16、A．surprisesB．choicesC．stormsD．changes17、A．smileB．bendC．hesitateD．a(chǎn)dvance18、A．opportunitiesB．challengesC．tasksD．differences19、A．trickB．a(chǎn)rgueC．forceD．a(chǎn)dmit20、A．courageB．a(chǎn)mbitionC．valueD．strengthSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Youngsunflowersturnandswingeveryday.Newfindingsaddtoevidencethattheplantsareanimal-like.Harmer,aprofessorintheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis,DepartmentofPlantBiology,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentsonsunflowersinthefield,inpotsoutdoorsandinindoorgrowthchambers.Bystakingplantssothattheycouldnotmove,Harmershowedthathecoulddestroytheirabilitytotrackthesun.Healsonoticedthatsunflowerspreventedfrommovingwerenotastoughandleafyasthosethatwerefreetomove.Whenplantsweremovedindoorwithasettledoverheadlight,theycontinuedtoswingbackandforthforafewdays.Theindoorplantsdidstarttrackingthe“sun”againwhentheapparentsourceoflightingwasmovedacrosstheroom.Theplantscouldreliablytrackthemovementandreturnatnightwhentheartificialdaywasclosetoa24-hourcycle,butnotwhenitwascloserto30hours.Whensunflowerstrackthesun,theeastsidesoftheirstemsgrewmorerapidlythanthewestsides.Atnight,thewestsidesgrewfasterasthestemswungtheotherway.Theteamidentifiedanumberofgenesthatwereexpressedathigherlevelsonthesunwardsideoftheplantduringthedayorontheothersideatnight.Aplantgrowth-regulatinghormone(激素),calledauxin,appearstobeakeydriver.The“dance”tothesuncycleobviouslyslowswhenthesunflowermatures(成熟)anditsflowersopenup.Atthatpoint,theplantsstopmovingduringthedayandsettledownfacingthesunintheeast.“Beeslikewarmflowers.”Harmersaid,addingthatthebeesarecold-blooded,solandingonawarmflowersavesthemenergyandperhapsfeelsreallygood.“Themorningwarmthchangestheflowersinawaytomakethemmoreappealingtoinsects,perhapscausingthemtoreleasemoreattractivescentsearlierintheday.”hesaid“We’recurrentlytestingthisidea.”1、WhydidHarmerdotheexperimentonsunflowers?A．ToseehowsunflowersgrowupB．Toshowwhatsunflowers’genesare.C．Tostudywhysunflowerstrackthesun.D．Tocheckifsunflowersswingincloudydays.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staking”probablymeaninParagraph3?A．trackingB．finingC．growingD．searching3、Whatistheresultofsunflowersbeingstoppedfrommoving?A．Theywillproduceanumberofnewgenes.B．Theywillgrowfasterthanusual.C．Theywon’tswingbackthoughsetfree.D．Theywon’tgrowwell.4、Whatistheadvantageofsunflowers’dancetothesun?A．Theyattractmoreinsects.B．Theysavemoreenergy.C．Theymaturemorerapidly.D．Theyproducemoreflowers.Text2China’scancerresearcherZhuChen,togetherwithtwoFrenchresearchersAnneDejeanandHuguesdeThe,receivedSjobergPrize2018inStockholmConcertHall,SwedenonFriday.“WeusedwisdomfrombothChineseandWesternmedicineandofferedacuretooneofthemostdeadlycancers,”ChentoldXinhua,“IfeelthatChinesemedicinehaspotentialtocontributemoretohumanhealth.Therearenobordersinmedicine,becauseitstrugglesforbenefitingallmankind.It’salanguageofpeace,andofdevelopmentandprogress.”ChenrecalledthecooperationwiththetwoFrenchresearchersforover30years.Thisyear’sSjobergwinnershavedevelopedanewandtargetedtreatmentforaspecificformofbloodcancercalledacutepromyelocyticleukaemia(急性早幼粒白血病).Itwasonceoneofthedeadliestformsofcancer,butitisnowpossibletocurenineoutoftenpatientswhoreceivethenewtreatment.Thewinnershavemadethisrevolutionarydevelopmentpossiblebymethodicallymappingthemolecularmechanismsresponsibleforthedisease.TheprizeisawardedbytheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesandisfunded(資助)bytheSjobergFoundation.Thefoundation,withadonationof2.5billionUSdollars,wasfoundedin2016,andservestopromotescientificresearchthatfocusesoncancer,healthandtheenvironment.Theprizeisanannualinternationalprizeincancerresearchawardedtoindividualresearchersorresearchgroups.TheprizeamountstoonemillionUSdollars,ofwhich100,000USdollarsistheprizesumand900,000USdollarsisfundingforfutureresearch.1、ZhuChenwasawardedSjobergPrizeforthe______.A．researchintoalanguageB．promotionofChinesemedicineC．treatmentforaoncefatalcancerD．cooperationwithFrenchresearchers2、WhatcanweknowabouttheSjobergFoundation?A．Itfundsresearchincertainfields.B．Itfavorsindividualresearchers.C．Itdonates2.5millionUSdollars.D．Itawardstheprizeannually.3、Whatcanthetextbeclassifiedas?A．Abiography.B．Anewsreport.C．Asciencefiction.D．Anadvertisement.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NewcureforcancerB．NobordersinmedicineC．GreatcontributionstohumanhealthD．ChinesescientistreceivingSjobergPrizText3Itisoneoftheoldestmagictricksinthebook—amagicianlocksawomaninabox,withherheadandfeetstickingoutfromeitherend,andsaws(鋸)itinhalf.Butwhenshefinallyjumpsoutofthebox,thewomanisunharmed.Thistrickwasintroducednearlyacenturyago.Ithasbeenaroundforsometime,butitnevergoeswrong.Whyisitsosuccessful?Theanswerissimple:thehumanmindiseasilyfooled.Ourbrainprocessestheworldaroundusbasedoninformationthatsensoryorgans,includingtheeyes,pickup.Forinstance,whenweseeacoworahorsestandingbehindatree,weautomatically“fillin”thepartoftheanimal’sbodythatishiddenfromoursight.“Sothebrainistakingthiskindofverysparse(匱乏的)informationabouttheworldandit’sgeneratingthisrichworldbyfillingininformation,”StephenMacknik,ascientistattheBarrowNeurologicalInstituteinArizona,US,toldSciencemagazine.Butsinceourbrainsarefillinginthegaps,sometimestheygetitwrong.Theytendtobedrivenbyourpreviousexperiencesandweexpectthingstogoastheyhaveinthepastevenifsometimestheydonot.Thistendencyexplainsmagicians’successinfoolingpeoplewithwell-knowncointricks.Forexample,whenyouseeamagicianthrowacoinupanddowninonehandandthenfakeacointhrowntotheotherhand,youwouldnaturallybelievethatthecoinisintheotherhand.Apartfromtheinformationgaps,magiciansalsousethe“blindspots”theorywhendoingtheirshows.Themostwell-knownexperimentdemonstratingthistheoryiscalledthe“invisiblegorilla(大猩猩)”,inwhichvolunteerswatchavideooftwobasketballteams.Theyareaskedtocounthowmanytimestheteamswearingwhiteshirtspasstheball.Inthemeantime,apersondressedasagorillawalksontothecourt.Butshockingly,halfoftheviewersdon’tnoticethegorilla,evenwhentheyappeartobelookingdirectlyatit.Magiciansemploythistactic(招數(shù)),whattheycall“misdirection”,inalmosteveryoneoftheiracts.Theydirectourattentionsomewhereelseusingcomedyandmusic,whichcanmakeusmissstuffduringtheperformance.1、Themagictrickismentionedinthefirstparagraphto________.A．introducethestepsofthemagictrickB．provemagictricksseldomgowrongC．revealhowmagictricksaredesignedD．getustowonderhowmagicianstrickthemind2、Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthehumanmindiseasilyfooledbecauseourbrain________.A．mayhavedifficultyrememberingwhatwejustsawB．fillsininformationaboutthemagicworldC．isinfluencedbyourpreviousexperiencesD．processesfarmoreinformationthanoursensoryorganspickup3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“invisible”inparagraph7referto?A．Unnoticed.B．Unimportant.C．Unpleasant.D．Unprepared.4、Duringthe“invisiblegorilla”experiment,peoplewatchingthevideoignorethe“gorilla”because________.A．theydon’tlookdirectlyatitB．theyarenotinterestedinitC．theyaretoofocusedoncountingD．theyconsiderittobeadistraction5、Whydomagiciansusuallyusecomedyandmusicwhentheyplaymagictricks?A．Togetviewerstostayfocusedontheshow.B．Tomaketheshowmorefunandexciting.C．Todrawviewers’attentionawayfromasecretaction.D．Tocreateinformationgapsbetweenmagiciansandviewers.Text4PlantsonEarthhavegrownforhundredsofmillionsofyears,yetPresidentDonaldTrump’spicktoleadhisnewclimateteaminsiststhattheyneedmorecarbondioxide(CO2)toboom.Princetonphysicistandcarbondioxide-advocateWilliamHapperhasbeenselectedtoheadthebrandnewPresidentialCommitteeonClimateSecurity.Theatomicscientist,whoachievedrecognitionforhisworkonatomiccollisions(原子碰撞),notclimatescience,declaredthattheplanet’satmosphereneedssignificantlymoreCO2,whichisreportedtospeedupclimatechange.HappersaidplantsuseCO2toliveandmoreCO2isactuallyabenefittotheEarth.HealsostressedthatEarthisexperiencinga“CO2starvation”,andconcludesthat“Ifplantscouldvote,theywouldvoteforcoal.”Earthandplantscientists,however,findHapper’sinsistencethattheplantkingdomwouldbenefitfromincreasedCO2wrong-headedanditlacksevidence.Forexample,Earth’sCO2levelshaveincreasedsharplyinthelastcentury,andarenowattheirhighestlevelsinatleast800,000years—thoughothermeasurementsshowCO2levelsarehigherthanthey’vebeenin15millionyears.“TheideathatincreasedCO2isuniversallybeneficial‘toplants’isverymisguided,”JillAnderson,anevolutionaryecologistspecializinginplantpopulations,saidinaninterview.DatashowstheevolutionofglobalaveragetemperatureandCO2concentrationfrom1850to2019.Though2019isabitcoolerthanrecentyears,itstillisoneofthewarmestyearseverandliesclosetothetrendlineofglobalwarming.BothindependentacademicorganizationsandgovernmentagenciesarounddifferentpartsoftheworldconcludedmoreCO2willbringmanynegativeimpactstoplantenvironments.Andtheyaddedthat“Ifsomeoneisgoingtoclaimitisgood,it’snecessaryforthemtoshowevidence.”1、WhydoesHapperthinkplantsneedmoreCO2?A．PlantsvoteformoreCO2. B．CO2speedsupclimatechange.C．PlantsneedmoreCO2tolive. D．CO2isactuallyabenefittotheEarth.2、Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A．2019isabitwarmerthanrecentyears.B．CO2levelsmustbethehighestinhistory.C．TheplantkingdommustbenefitfromincreasedCO2.D．ThereareadequateevidencetosupportHapper’sinsistence.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?A．MoreCO2. B．Theplant.C．Theworld. D．TheUSgovernment.4、Theauthor’sattitudeinwritingthispassagecanbedescribedas________.A．critical B．objectiveC．positive D．negativePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Itissadbuttruethatpeopledieinearthquakesfromfallingfurnitureand1．(brick)Earthquakesafetyisveryimportantandthereismoretoitthanjustkeepingbuildings2．fallingdownSoifyourhomeisin3．earthquakearea,youshouldpreparecarefullybeforetheearth-quake4．(come)First,makesureyoubuyahousewhichisearthquakesafeAllpipesshouldbefixedtothewall5．a(chǎn)llwallsshouldbeespeciallythickandstrongYoualsohavetomakesurethattherearebolts(螺栓)underneathyourhouseTheyareoneofthemostimportantwaysof6．(protect)ahouseSecond,lookattheobjectsinyourhouseThoseinthelivingroom,7．a(chǎn)remostlikelytohurtus,arecomputers,televisionsandlampsTheycanbetiedtotablesorstucktothemsotheywon’t8．(easy)movearoundThekitchen,whichisalsoverydangerous,musthavestrongdoorsonallthecupboardsThisistheplace9．manysmallthingsarestoredthatmightfalldownWindowsareaspecialproblemWhentheybreak,glasscancausemanyaccidentsItisbetter10．(use)safetyglassifyoucan,especiallyforpicturesWhileIwaswaitingforthebusIsawahomelesspersoncarryingasign1．saidhewouldlikeacupofcoffeeAssoonasIreadit,IknewthistaskwasmeantformeIjoyfullyranacrossthestreet,2．(think)thatgettinghimacupofcoffeewouldbegreatI3．(buy)thecoffeeandapproachedhimslowlyThecloserIgot,themorejoyinhiseyesIcouldseeWhenIhandedhimthehotcoffee,I4．(simple)said“Thisisforyou”IcouldseesomuchjoyinhisfaceandevenatearHekeptthankingme,holdinghiscoffeelikethe5．(big)treasureinhislifeItmademecrytoseethatasimpleactof6．(kind)couldbringsomuchjoytoothersIwalkedbacktomybusstop,andwhenthebusdriveropenedthedoorandIwanted7．(pay)thebusfare,hewavedmeandsaidithadtouchedhishearttoseemegivingawaythatcupofcoffeeand8．thefarewasonhimThis9．(amaze)momentwarmedmyheartanditgavemydayandmylife10．newstartItbringsmesuchjoytoloveandshareSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Howtoprepareforexams?Herearesometipsyoucanreadwithyourchild.Thefirststepinpreparingforexaminationsistosetafixedtimeeachdaytostudyandascheduletosaywhentostarttherevisionandforwhichsubject.Theplanshouldincludehowmanychapterstoreviseandhowmanyworksheets(活頁(yè)練習(xí)題)toworkon.1、.Parentswhodonotknowtheexaminationschedulecansearch“examtimetable”toseetheofficialexaminationschedule.2、.Thesecondthingistodecideontheplacetostudy.Someneedtotalsilenceinalibrarybeforetheycanconcentratewhileothersliketohavesomebackgroundmusiclikeinthecafeteria,3、.Sothereisnoneedtotellyourchildtochangethestudyplaceifheisproducingthedesiredresults.4、.Forlessons,pupilsmustparticipateinlessonsanddiscussionsactively.Forexercise,workonthesimpleonesinthetextbook.Fortheory,pupilscanusethemindmapmethodtosummarizethefacts.Atlast,besmart.Focusonchaptersthatarethecoreofthesubjectordifficultchapters.5、.A．Nextthemosteffectivewaytoreviseistouseanactiveapproach.B．Makinggoodpreparationscounts.C．Themindmapcanhelpyoualotinyourrevisionwork.D．Yourchildhastobeself-disciplined(自律的)tofollowtheplan.E.Itisnotnecessarytoreadfromthefirsttothelastpage.F.Thebesttimetostartrevisionisoneortwomonthsbeforetheexamination.G.Botharealrightaslongasyourchildiscomfortablewithit.Foroveronehundredandfiftyyears,Americansofallsocialclasseshavewornbluejeans.

1、.Whethertheyarewornforworkorforfashiontoday,Strauss'inventioncontinuestobepopularnotonlyamongAmericansbutalsoamongpeoplearoundtheworld.LevisStrausswasborninGermanyin1829.

2、.HegrewupinKentuckybeforemovingtoNewYorkin1847,

beforebecominganAmericancitizenandmovingtotheWestin1853,Straussworkedinhisbrother'sdrygoodsbusiness.Thisgavehimachancetoproducehisfamousinvention.After