英語(yǔ)綜合考試大綱

?英語(yǔ)綜合?考試大綱注意：本大綱為參考性考試大綱，是考生需要掌握的基本內(nèi)容。I.考試性質(zhì)?英語(yǔ)綜合?是遼寧師范大學(xué)為招收英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)和外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)（英語(yǔ)）專(zhuān)業(yè)碩士研究生設(shè)置的統(tǒng)一入學(xué)考試初試科目之一，考試對(duì)象為報(bào)考遼寧師范大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)（英語(yǔ)）專(zhuān)業(yè)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試（初試）的學(xué)生。II.考試內(nèi)容和試卷結(jié)構(gòu)（一）題型結(jié)構(gòu)1.Grammar&Vocabulary（語(yǔ)法詞匯）該部分為多項(xiàng)客觀選擇題，每題有四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)。2.Cloze（完型填空）該部分為一篇英文短文，空白處需要考生根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的補(bǔ)全短文。3.ReadingComprehension（閱讀理解）該部分為英語(yǔ)閱讀理解，題目為單項(xiàng)選擇題，每題有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。4.Translation(翻譯)考試內(nèi)容包括英譯漢、漢譯英題型。5.Writing(英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作)根據(jù)所給題目撰寫(xiě)500詞左右的英語(yǔ)作文。（二）題型示例1.Grammar&Vocabulary(1).Whenpeopleareaskedwhatkindofhousingtheyneedorwant,thequestion______avarietyofanswers.A.defiesB.magnifiesC.mediatesD.evokes2.ClozeTheterme-commercereferstoallcommercialtransactionsconductedovertheInternet,includingtransactionsbyconsumersandbusiness-to-businesstransactions.Conceptually,e-commercedoesnot___1___fromwell-knowncommercialofferingssuchasbankingbyphone，"mailorder"catalogs，orsendingapurchaseordertosupplier___2___fax.E-commercefollowsthesamemodel___3___inotherbusinesstransactions；thedifference

___4___inthedetails.。。。(1).A）distractB）descendC）differD）derive(2).A）withB）viaC）fromD）off(3).A）appearedB）usedC）resortedD）served(4).A）situatesB）liesC）rootsD）locates3.ReadingcomprehensionPASSAGEONEREFRIGERATORSaretheepitomeofclunkytechnology:solid,reliableandjustalittlebitdull.Theyhavenotchangedmuchoverthepastcentury,butthentheyhavenotneededto.Theyarebasedonarobustandeffectiveidea--drawheatfromthethingyouwanttocoolbyevaporatingaliquidnexttoit,andthendumpthatheatbypumpingthevapourelsewhereandcondensingit.Thismethodofpumpingheatfromoneplacetoanotherservedmankindwellwhenrefrigerators'mainjobswerepreservingfoodand,asairconditioners,coolingbuildings.Today'shigh-techworld,however,demandshigh-techrefrigeration.Heatpumpsarenolongeruptothejob.Thesearchisonforsomethingtoreplacethem.Onesetofcandidatesareknownasparaelectricmaterials.Theseactlikebatterieswhentheyundergoatemperaturechange:attachelectrodestothemandtheygenerateacurrent.Thiseffectisusedininfra-redcameras.Anarrayoftinypiecesofparaelectricmaterialcansensetheheatradiatedby,forexample,aperson,andthepatternofthearray'selectricaloutputscanthenbeusedtoconstructanimage.Butuntilrecentlynoonehadbotheredmuchwiththeinverseofthisprocess.Thatinverseexists,however.Applyanappropriatecurrenttoaparaelectricmaterialanditwillcooldown.SomeonewhoislookingatthisinverseeffectisAlexMischenko,ofCambridgeUniversity.Usingcommerciallyavailableparaelectricfilm,heandhiscolleagueshavegeneratedtemperaturedropsfivetimesbiggerthananypreviouslyrecorded.Thatmaybeenoughtochangethephenomenonfromalaboratorycuriositytosomethingwithcommercialapplications.Astowhatthoseapplicationsmightbe,DrMischenkoisstillalittlehazy.Hehas,nevertheless,setupacompanytopursuethem.Heforeseesputtinghisdiscoverytouseinmoreefficientdomesticfridgesandairconditioners.Therealmoney,though,maybeincoolingcomputers.Gadgetscontainingmicroprocessorshavebeengettinghotterforalongtime.OneconsequenceofMoore'sLaw,whichdescribesthedoublingofthenumberoftransistorsonachipevery18months,isthattheamountofheatproduceddoublesaswell.Infact,itmorethandoubles,becausebesidesincreasinginnumber,thecomponentsaregettingfaster.Heatisreleasedeverytimealogicaloperationisperformedinsideamicroprocessor,sothefastertheprocessoris,themoreheatitgenerates.Doublingthefrequencyquadruplestheheatoutput.Andthefrequencyhasdoubledalot.ThefirstPentiumchipssoldbyDrMoore'scompany,Intel,in1993,ranat60mcyclesasecond.ThePentium4--thelast"single-core"desktopprocessor--clockedup3.2billioncyclesasecond.Directions:ChoosethebestanswerthatcancompletethesentencefromthefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.(1).Whichmethodofdisposingheatincomputersmayhaveabrightprospect?A.Tweakingtheprocessorsheatsinks.B.Tweakingthefansthatcirculateairovertheprocessorheatsinks.C.Shiftingfromsingle-coreprocessorstosystemsofsubunits.D.Noneoftheabove.4.Translation（1）English-ChineseTranslation:Ihavelistenedtoyoutalkaboutthechoicesaheadofyou,Ihaveheardyouarticulateyourworriesabouttherelationshipofsuccessandhappiness–perhaps,moreaccurately,howtodefinesuccesssothatityieldsandencompassesrealhappiness,notjustmoneyandprestige.Themostremunerativechoice,youfear,maynotbethemostmeaningfulandthemostsatisfying…（2）Chinese-EnglishTranslation:如果不嘗試，你將永遠(yuǎn)不知道答案。如果你不嘗試去做你熱愛(ài)的事情–不管是畫(huà)畫(huà)，生物學(xué)或者金融，不去追求你認(rèn)為的生命中最有意義的事，那么你將抱憾終生。人生路漫漫，你會(huì)有很多時(shí)間去嘗試其他的選擇，但千萬(wàn)別在一開(kāi)