山東省臨沂市臨沂第一中學高三英語上學期期末考試試題（含解析）

山東省臨沂市臨沂第一中學2021屆高三英語上學期期末考試試題（含解析）考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分注意事項：1.答卷前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ADoyouwanttohaveaninterestingsummerpicnicswithyourfamily?HereweofferfourofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.CumberlandIslands,GeorgiaJusthourssouthofSavannah,thisnationalseashoreisanidealpicnicplace.It'snotadestroyedplaceintheDeepSouthwithover50milesofhikingtrails(路線).CoveredinSpanishmoss(苔蘚)，thepathsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarsgatherforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.GrantPark,ChicagoGoforatasteofa20daylakefrontfordeliciousfoodinChicago,becausefoodfestivalhappensinOctobereachyear.Takeaspotnearthefountaintoenjoyyourpicnic,appreciatethecitysceneryandlakeviewsandrelaxwithfamilyandfriends.IfyouarethereonJuly1st,makesuretoplanthedaytoincludethefireworksdisplayattheNavyPier.CranberryIslands,MaineHere,you'llenjoynaturalpicnicswithislandviews.Theislandsareadelightfulgroupofislandsabout20minutesoffshorefromAcadiaNationalPark.Youcanvisittheislandsbyprivateboat.Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit'saromanticpicnicareatogoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.BigSur,CaliforniaThePointLobosStateReserveisasmallgem(勝地).Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantmunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It'sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Youareremendedtobringatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.1.WhatcanweknowaboutCumberlandIslands?A.Youcangotherebyboat.B.Youcan'thaveapicnicintheevening.C.Itisdevelopedintoabeautifulscenery.D.Itattractslotsofpeopleforitssplendidstars.2.Whichofthefollowingattractswildlifeloversmost?A.BigSur. B.GrantPark.C.CranberryIslands. D.CumberlandIslands.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Apersonaldiary. B.Atravelmagazine.C.Asciencereport. D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國的4個頂級野餐區(qū)的相關信息。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CumberlandIslands中“CoveredinSpanishmoss(苔蘚），thepathsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarsgatherforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.(小徑上覆蓋著西班牙苔蘚，兩旁都是樹，因為它仍然是一個鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，星星聚集在一起，在晚上上演一場壯觀的表演，創(chuàng)造了一個完美的夜晚星光野餐的機會。)”可知，CumberlandIslands因其美麗的星空夜景吸引了很多游客。故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantmunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.(除了沿海野生動植物之外，還有稀有的植物群落和獨特的地質構造。)”和最后一句“Youareremendedtobringatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.(建議您帶望遠鏡，因為許多野生動物只能在遠處才能看到。)可知，BigSur對于野生動植物愛好者最有吸引力。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouwanttohaveaninterestingsummerpicnicswithyourfamily?HereweofferfourofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.(你想和你的家人有一個有趣的夏季野餐嗎?在這里，我們?yōu)槟榻B全美最適合野餐的四個地方。)”以及文章主要介紹了四個最佳野餐地點可知，最可能在一本旅游雜志上讀到這篇文章。故選B。BSophiebecamefriendswiththegraysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState,afterspottingthemrunningaroundandwonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today,everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe"SquirrelGirl".Sophietriedbringingthemfood,andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits,shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongSophieandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation(轟動).GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege,Sophiewasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome,butshedidn'tinteractwithpeopleverymuch.Shewaslaterdiagnosed(診斷)withAsperger'ssyndrome,butthesquirrelschangedthat."Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice,becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewilleoverandwelljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem,"shesaid,"Iamalotmoreoutgoing."Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowSophieisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos,ithasalottodowithfood.Forexample,whenevershewantsthemtoholdorplaywithsomething,sheputspeanutbutterontheprop(道具),andthey'llgrabit.Inthebeginning,shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstoedownandgetthem,buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust,though.Thisyear,SophieisgraduatingwithadegreeinEnglishandwildlifesciences.Shewantstobeasciencewriterandeducatepeopleonhowtopreservetheenvironment.Asforherfurryfriends,Sophieplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Maryisknownasthe"SquirrelGirl"inthemunity.B.Marywasmorefondofsquirrelsthananyotheranimals.C.MaryandsquirrelsreceivedgreatattentionontheInternet.D.Marywishestoeducatepeopleonhowtoprotecttheanimals.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSophieaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Shegotlotsoffriendsduetosquirrels.B.Sheusedtobeapopulargirlinherchildhood.C.Shelivedinthefarcountrysidewhenyoung.D.Shewasmoreoutgoingthanbefore.6.HowdidMarymanagetotakephotosofsquirrelswearinghats?A.Bydressinglikesquirrels. B.Byputtingthemincages.C.Byplayingmusictothem. D.Byattractingthemwithfood.7.WhatdoyouthinkofSophie?A.Tolerantandstrong.B.Patientandcaring.C.Sociableandhealthy.D.Traditionalandhardworking.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“松鼠女孩”Sophie曾被診斷出阿斯伯格綜合癥，但是通過松鼠改變了她，使她變得外向的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongSophieandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation.（網(wǎng)友們的反應非常積極，很快索菲婭和她的松鼠們就成了網(wǎng)絡紅人。）”可判斷，索菲婭和松鼠在網(wǎng)上受到了極大的關注。故選C項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“"Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice,becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewilleoverandwelljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem,"shesaid,“Iamalotmoreoutgoing."（“松鼠幫我打破沉默，因為我會坐在這里拍松鼠，其他人會過來，我們就開始一起喂松鼠，聊它們，”她說，“我外向多了?！保笨芍?，索菲婭比以前更外向。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Sophietriedbringingthemfood,andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.（蘇菲試著給他們拿吃的，他們漸漸地開始信任她了。她設法給松鼠戴上一頂帽子，然后拍了張照片。）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowSophieisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos,ithasalottodowithfood.（如果你想知道索菲婭是如何讓松鼠們?yōu)樗恼掌鏊胱龅氖虑榈?，這和食物有很大關系。）”可知，索菲婭通過食物吸引松鼠，拍下松鼠戴帽子的照片。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebeginning,shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstoedownandgetthem,buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust,though.（一開始，她會把花生扔到學校的樹上，然后邀請松鼠下來吃花生，但它們都不愿意接近她。不過，她有耐心贏得了他們的信任。）”以及最后一段“Asforherfurryfriends,Sophieplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.（至于她的這些毛茸茸的朋友們，索菲婭打算盡可能多地待在那里看望它們。）”可判斷，Sophie既有耐心又有愛心。故選B項。CWalkpastanyBath&BodyWorksstoreandyou'llseeacolourfuldisplayofpopularantibacterialsoaps.Soldinthickplasticcontainerswithheavyfoam（泡沫）—producingpumpsontopandloadedwithnicesmell,theseliquidsoapsareseeneverywhere.Besidestheirplasticpackaging,theyare'antibacterial,'asaresomanyothersoaps,bodyscrubs（磨砂膏）,andlipsticksthesedays,nottomentionhouseholdcleanersandevenmattresses.Theworldhasgonecrazyforantibacterialproductsbut,unfortunately,antibacterialisbad.Keepinmindthatantibacterialsoapisnomoreeffectiveatkillinggermsthanregularsoap.Usingantibacterialsoapmayevenleadtothedevelopmentofbacteriathatareresistanttotheproductsantimicrobialagentsmakingithardertokillthesegermsinthefuture.Theproblemisthattheyleaveasurfaceleftoverafterbeingwashedorwipedaway.Thisleftoverissupposedtocontinuekillingafterwards,butitcanalsopromotethegrowthofresistantbacteria,whicharestrongerthantheoriginalbacteria.Triclosan（三氯生），amonmixedmaterialinantibacterialsoapsandhandwashingliquids,isaprobablehumancarcinogen（致癌物）.Triclosan,alsoknownasMicroban,hasbeenfoundinbreastmilkandexistsin60percentofAmericanwaterways,whichopensapathwayforpotentialpollutionoffood.In2009,theCanadianMedicalAssociationcalledonitsgovernmenttobanallantibacterialproductsbutwasunsuccessful.Asunexcitingasitis,plainoldbarsoapisthewaytogo.Regularsoapworksbylooseningdirt,oil,andmicrobessotheycanbewashedaway.Effectivehandwashingrequiresvigorouswashingofallsurfacesandshouldlastatleast20seconds.Abarofsoaprequireslittletonopackaging,andthegreenestoptionisonewithavegetableglycerinebase,freefromchemicalsmellandharmfulmaterials.8.Whatdoesusingantibacterialsoapresultin?A.Makingthingscleaner. B.Killingmoregerms.C.Keepingthingsmorehealthy. D.Promotingthedevelopmentofbacteria.9.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheantibacterialsoaps?A.supportive B.anxious C.opposed D.uninterested10.Whatdoestheunderlined"they"inparagraph3referto?A.Originalbacteria. B.Antibacterialsoaps.C.Householdcleaners. D.Antimicrobialagents.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Usingregularsoapsisthebestoption.B.Washinghandsneedslongertimethanever.C.Buyingsoapswithnopackingandchemicals.D.Keepingantibacterialsoapisbeneficialtohealth.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抗菌肥皂帶來的負面影響，并建議使用常規(guī)肥皂。8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisleftoverissupposedtocontinuekillingafterwards,butitcanalsopromotethegrowthofresistantbacteria,whicharestrongerthantheoriginalbacteria.（這種殘余物之后應該會繼續(xù)殺滅，但它也能促進耐藥細菌的生長，比原來的細菌更強。）”可知，使用抗菌肥皂會促進細菌的成長。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theworldhasgonecrazyforantibacterialproductsbut,unfortunately,antibacterialisbad.（世界為抗菌產(chǎn)品瘋狂——但不幸的是，抗菌是有害的。）”以及第二段“Keepinmindthatantibacterialsoapisnomoreeffectiveatkillinggermsthanregularsoap.（記住，抗菌肥皂并不比普通肥皂更有效地殺滅細菌。）”可判斷，作者對抗菌皂持反對態(tài)度。故選C項。【10題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Usingantibacterialsoapmayevenleadtothedevelopmentofbacteriathatareresistanttotheproductsantimicrobialagentsmakingithardertokillthesegermsinthefuture.（使用抗菌肥皂甚至可能導致對抗菌產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生抗藥性的細菌的產(chǎn)生——使將來更難殺死這些細菌。）”以及第三段“Theproblemisthattheyleaveasurfaceleftoverafterbeingwashedorwipedaway.（問題是它們在被清洗或擦拭后會留下表面殘留物。）”可知，第三段的they指的是抗菌肥皂。故選B項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asunexcitingasitis,plainoldbarsoapisthewaytogo.（雖然平淡無奇，但普通的肥皂還是不錯的選擇。）”可知，作者建議使用常規(guī)肥皂是很好的選擇。故選A項。DThebestandmostmonlyusedsourcesforthepillswehaveareoilyfishlikesalmon（畦），mackerelandsardines.Manyenvironmentalistsfearthatsomespeciesarebeingoverfishedforthispurpose.Wemayhaveanendlessvoracityforfishoil,butwedon'thaveanendlesssupplyoffish.Menhaden,whichisdescribedas“abigheaded,smelly,footlongfish",isingreatdanger.Althoughprizedfordinnerinthe18thcentury,thespecieshasbeetheunknownvictimofthefishoilbusiness9whichpresentsuswithpotentialseafish.Menhadenfilterfeedalmostentirelyonalgae（海藻）andisespeciallygoodatchangingitinto3fattyacids,whichmakethemagoodtargetforfishoilpanies.Oneparticularpany,ProteinofHouston,hasbeenfishing90percentofthecountry'smenhaden.It'sbeesuchabigproblemthat13ofthe15Atlanticstateshavebannedthepany*sboatsfromtheirwaters.YetthepanyisstillallowedtofishinNorthCarolinaandVirginia,aswellasfederalwaters;thepany*seffortsresultintheremovingofhalfabillionmenhadeneveryyear.Asidefromrunningoutapublicnaturalresourceforapany，sprivateprofit,thedamagetotheecosystemiscauseforalarm.ThemuddybrowncoloroftheLongIslandSoundisthedirectresultoflackingwaternitration（過濾）一ajobthatwasoncedonebymenhaden.MenhadenkeeptheoceanwatersoftheAtlanticandGulfcoastsclean.Amenhadenfiltersfourtosixgallonsofwaterofalgaeinaminute,whichpreventsunderwaterdeadzones.Measuresshouldbetakentoavoidtheoverfishedsituation.Plantseedssuchasflaxseed,chiaseeds,hempseeds,andsesameseeds—andparticularlytheiroils—aregoodvegetariansourcesofomega3fattyacids,althoughthemixofspecificacidsisdifferentfromwhichonecangetwithfish.12.Whydoesmenhadenbeeagoodfishforpaniestomakepills?A.Itisgoodatforming3fattyacids.B.Itfeedsmainlyontheharmfulalgae.C.Itiswellknownforitsrichprotein.D.Itisrelativelyeasyforpaniestocatch.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"voracity"inparagraph1mean?A.trouble B.shortageC.resource D.appetite14.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosuggestusinthelastparagraph?A.Togrowmoreplantsfortheirseedstomakeoil.B.Tousesomesubstitutesinsteadofmorefishoil.C.Tocallonthegovernmenttomakelawsinfishing.D.Totakepartinmoreactivitiestoprotecttheenvironment.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thebrokennaturalecosystem. B.Theprocessofmakingfishoil.C.Badeffectsoffishoilmaking. D.Howtousenaturalresources.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了魚油制造帶來的不良影響以及避免過度捕撈的措施?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Menhadenfilterfeedalmostentirelyonalgaeandisespeciallygoodatchangingitinto3fattyacids,whichmakethemagoodtargetforfishoilpanies.（鯡魚幾乎完全以藻類為食，并且特別擅長將其轉化為3脂肪酸，這使得它們成為魚油公司的一個很好的目標。）”可知，因為鯡魚擅長形成3脂肪酸所以成為魚油公司的目標。故選A項。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thebestandmostmonlyusedsourcesforthepillswehaveareoilyfishlikesalmon,mackerelandsardines.Manyenvironmentalistsfearthatsomespeciesarebeingoverfishedforthispurpose.（最好和最常用的藥物來源是油性魚類，如鮭魚，鯖魚和沙丁魚。許多環(huán)保人士擔心，一些物種正因為這個目的而被過度捕撈。）”以及“Wemayhaveanendlessvoracityforfishoil,butwedon'thaveanendlesssupplyoffish.（我們可能對魚油有無窮無盡的渴求，但魚的供應卻不是無窮無盡的。）”可判斷，此處voracity指人們對魚油的需求。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Measuresshouldbetakentoavoidtheoverfishedsituation.Plantseedssuchasflaxseed,chiaseeds,hempseeds,andsesameseeds—andparticularlytheiroils—aregoodvegetariansourcesofomega3fattyacids,althoughthemixofspecificacidsisdifferentfromwhichonecangetwithfish.（應該采取措施來避免過度捕撈的情況。植物種子，如亞麻籽，交叉籽，大麻籽和芝麻籽，特別是它們的油，是很好的素食來源3脂肪酸，盡管特定的酸的混合不同于魚類。）”可判斷，作者在最后一段介紹了避免過度捕撈的措施：用一些替代品代替更多的魚油。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Asidefromrunningoutapublicnaturalresourceforapany,sprivateprofit,thedamagetotheecosystemiscauseforalarm.ThemuddybrowncoloroftheLongIslandSoundisthedirectresultoflackingwaternitrationajobthatwasoncedonebymenhaden.（除了為了公司的私人利益耗盡公共自然資源外，對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的破壞也值得引起警覺。長島海峽渾濁的棕色是缺乏水硝化作用的直接結果——一項曾經(jīng)由鯡魚完成的工作。）”以及全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了魚油制造帶來的不良影響，C選項“魚油制造的不良影響”最適合作文章標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Toloseweight,youdon'tneedtosuppressyourappetite.Eatoftenbuteathealthily,andyouwillmakeit.___16___theyoftenskipmealtimestoavoidanymorecaloriesfortheday.This,however,isanextremelycounterproductive（適得其反的）action.Yourbody'smetabolismcanbeeconfusedwhenyoudonoteatmealsonaregularbasis.___17___,yourbodythinksthatitneedstostoreenergyawayforlater.Thisisasimplesurvivalmechanismthatensuresyoudonotstarvetodeathinanemergencysituation.Itcanalsoresultinfatretention（脂肪沉積）.Soevenifyoudonothavetimeforanentiremeal,itcanhelptohavesomenuts,aboiledeggs,orsomerawvegetables.Eatingmoreoftenisalsoagreatwaytokeepyourbloodsugarfromcrashingthroughouttheday.___18___Youmaywanttotakeahintfromtheeatinghabitsoftoddlers.Toddlersareknownfortheirconsistentsnacking.Theyoftenrefusetoeatanentiremeal,yet,graze（吃零食）throughouttheday.Grazingcanhelpyouavoidahungryfeeling,andhelpstokeepyourbloodsugarstable.___19___Itcanbedifficult,atfirst,totellwhenyouaretrulyhungry,orjusteatingoutofhabit.Manyindividualseatforfort,oroutofboredom.Partoflosingweightislearningtolistentoyourbody.Eathealthysnacksorsmallmealsthroughouttheday.___20___.A.UnlessyouwanttoeatjunkfoodB.WhenpeopleareeagertoloseweightC.IfyoudonoteatwhenyouarehungryD.ItgivesyourbodyasteadystreamofenergyE.BeinghungryshouldnotbeapartofanydietplanF.Don,tdependonthreeplannedmealstosatisfyyouG.Itishardtosticktoahealthydietbutinthelongrunitcanmakeadifference【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抑制食欲的反作用，呼吁人們要經(jīng)常吃且吃得健康?！?6題詳解】上文“Toloseweight,youdon'tneedtosuppressyourappetite.Eatoftenbuteathealthily,andyouwillmakeit.（為了減肥，你不需要抑制食欲。經(jīng)常吃但吃得健康，你會成功的。）”說明下文與減肥有關。下文“theyoftenskipmealtimestoavoidanymorecaloriesfortheday（他們往往會不吃飯，以避免一天中攝入更多的卡路里）”說明人們減肥時會不吃飯，以避免攝入過多的卡路里。B選項Whenpeopleareeagertoloseweight（當人們渴望減肥時）符合上下文意。故選B項?！?7題詳解】上文“Yourbody'smetabolismcanbeeconfusedwhenyoudonoteatmealsonaregularbasis.（當你不按時吃飯時，你身體的新陳代謝會變得混亂。）”說明不按時吃飯身體新陳代謝會變得混亂。下文“yourbodythinksthatitneedstostoreenergyawayforlater.（你的身體會認為它需要為以后儲存能量。）”說明饑餓的時候不吃飯會使身體認為需要為以后儲能。C選項Ifyoudonoteatwhenyouarehungry（如果你餓的時候不吃東西）符合文意。故選C項?！?8題詳解】上文“Eatingmoreoftenisalsoagreatwaytokeepyourbloodsugarfromcrashingthroughouttheday.（多吃東西也是防止血糖在一天中崩潰的好方法。）”說明多吃東西有利于血糖穩(wěn)定。下文“Youmaywanttotakeahintfromtheeatinghabitsoftoddlers.Toddlersareknownfortheirconsistentsnacking.Theyoftenrefusetoeatanentiremeal,yet,grazethroughouttheday.（你可能想從蹣跚學步的孩子們的飲食習慣中得到一些暗示。蹣跚學步的孩子以他們一貫的零食而聞名。他們經(jīng)常拒絕吃完整頓飯，但一整天都在吃零食。）”說明一直吃東西可以保持能量。D選項Itgivesyourbodyasteadystreamofenergy.（它給你的身體源源不斷的能量。）符合文意。故選D項?！?9題詳解】下文“Itcanbedifficult,atfirst,totellwhenyouaretrulyhungry,orjusteatingoutofhabit.（一開始，你很難分辨自己什么時候真的餓了，或者只是出于習慣才吃東西。）”說明填空處與饑餓有關。E選項Beinghungryshouldnotbeapartofanydietplan.（饑餓不應該成為任何飲食計劃的一部分。）符合文意。故選E項?！?0題詳解】上文“Partoflosingweightislearningtolistentoyourbody.Eathealthysnacksorsmallmealsthroughouttheday.（會傾聽你的身體是減肥的一部分。每天吃些健康的零食或少食多餐。）”說明我們不應該只局限于一日三餐。F選項Don’tdependonthreeplannedmealstosatisfyyou.（不要依賴計劃好的三餐來滿足你。）符合上文文意。故選F項。第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AsdeadlyhurricaneDeltahitMexico'sYucatanPeninsulatearingapathofdestructiondirectlytohisdoor,Pimentel___21___hundredsofanimals一includingmorethan300dogs,largequantitiesofrabbits,chickens,and___22___ahedgehog(刺猬).Althoughhishousetookabeating,alltheanimals___23___."Itdoesn'tmatterifthehouseisdirty,itcanbecleaned,"PimenteltoldAP."Thethingstheybrokecanbe___24___orboughtagain,butwhat's___25___istoseethemhappy,healthyandsafe,withoutwoundsandwiththepossibilityofbeingadopted."Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby,___26___thestorm,Pimentelpostedtosocialmediaabouthis___27___forthewelfareofhisanimals.OnceDeltahadpassed,withsomany___28___tofeedandamajorpoststormcleanupunderway,Pimenteldidn't___29___hispostshadgoneviral(瘋傳)untildonationsfromaroundtheworldstarted___30___.Notonlythat，neighborssoonarrivedtohelpcleardebrisand___31___thehouse.Whilehewasawedbythe___32___ofdonorsandvolunteers,Pimentelhopesthatsomeonecanhelphimfindforeverhomesforsomeofhis___33___sohe'llbeabletosaveevenmore.Thestormmaybeover,___34___Pimentelcontinuestowalkthewalk.Healwaysrememberedamotto,"Leavefootprintsof___35___forotherstofollow."21.A.raised B.bought C.sheltered D.grew22.A.still B.even C.yet D.rather23.A.survived B.stayed C.developed D.kept24.A.accepted B.discovered C.returned D.fixed25.A.beautiful B.strange C.precious D.profitable26.A.inthecourseof B.priorto C.intermsof D.incaseof27.A.requires B.choices C.help D.concerns28A.mouths B.population C.lives D.crops29.A.know B.wonder C.realize D.admit30.A.gettingabout B.pouringin C.puttingup D.callingon31.A.rebuild B.decorate C.move D.check32.A.bravery B.wisdom C.diligence D.generosity33.A.jobs B.rescues C.partners D.services34.A.so B.and C.but D.then35.A.nature B.honour C.fame D.kindness【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述Pimentel收留了許多小動物，使他們在颶風中幸存下來，以及很多人的幫助捐贈，來表明：善良可以傳遞下去?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Pimentel收留了數(shù)百個動物包括300多條狗，大量的兔子，雞甚至刺猬。A.raised飼養(yǎng)；B.bought買；C.sheltered收留，給.....提供避難所；D.grew種植，成長。根據(jù)上文“AsdeadlyhurricaneDeltahitMexico’sYucatanPeninsulatearingapathofdestructiondirectlytohisdoor,”可知，致命的颶風襲擊了尤卡坦半島，許多動物的也流離失所，所以Pimentel收留了許多動物，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.yet但是，然而；D.rather相當。根據(jù)空后的“ahedgehog(刺猬).”可知設空處與上文構成遞進關系，所以空處需用even，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的家也遭受重創(chuàng)，但是所有的動物都幸存下來了。A.survived幸存；B.stayed停留；C.developed發(fā)展；D.kept保持。根據(jù)上文“Althoughhishousetookabeating，”可知，所有的動物幸免于難，盡管他的家也遭受了颶風的襲擊，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：被摧毀的東西可以維修或者再買，但是看到這些動物們開心，健康，安全是很寶貴的。A.accepted接受；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.returned返回；D.fixed修理。根據(jù)常識，壞了東西是可以”修理“的，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：美好的事情就是看到他們快樂、健康、安全，沒有傷害，有可能被收養(yǎng)。A.beautiful美好的，漂亮的；B.strange奇怪的；C.precious珍貴的；D.profitable盈利的。根據(jù)前句“Thethingstheybrokecanbe4orboughtagain”可知，東西壞了可以修理或購買，對于這些小動物來說，能夠看到他們快樂，健康，安全……就是美好的事情，故選A。【26題詳解】考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：知道物資很難運過來，所以皮門特爾在暴風雨來之前他做了準備，他在社交媒體發(fā)文稱他對動物們福利的擔憂。A.inthecourseof在……過程中；B.priorto在……之前；C.intermsof就……而言；D.incaseof萬一。根據(jù)空前“Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby”可知，是在颶風之前，他做了準備，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.requires要求；B.choices選擇；C.help幫助；D.concerns擔憂。根據(jù)上文“Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby,6thestorm”可知，颶風要來了，他擔憂動物們會受到颶風的襲擊，故選D。28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦颶風經(jīng)過，有那么多張嘴等待著吃食，還有那么多清理工作要進行，Pimentel并沒有意識到他的帖子開始瘋傳，直到來自世界各地的捐贈開始蜂擁而至。A.mouths嘴巴；B.population人口；C.lives生命；D.crops莊稼。A.嘴；根據(jù)下文“tofeed”可知A項符合搭配，表示那么多張嘴等待著吃食。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.know知道；B.wonder想知道；C.realize意識到；D.admit承認。根據(jù)下文“untildonationsfromaroundtheworldstarted10.”可知，直到來自世界各地的捐贈蜂擁而至時，他才意識到他的帖子開始瘋傳，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gettingabout傳播；B.pouringin涌入；C.puttingup搭建；D.callingon號召。根據(jù)前文“hispostshadgoneviral（瘋傳）”可知，因為帖子開始瘋傳，所以很多捐款來了。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不僅有來自世界的捐贈，而且鄰居們也過來幫助清掃廢墟及重建家園。A.rebuild重建；B.decorate裝飾；C.move移動；D.check檢查。根據(jù)上文“neighborssoonarrivedtohelpcleardebris”及常識可知颶風過后，要重建家園。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他驚嘆于捐贈者和志愿者的的慷慨，Pimentel希望有人能幫助他永遠為他援救下來的小動物找到永遠的家。A.bravery勇敢；B.wisdom智慧；C.diligence勤奮；D.generosity慷慨。根據(jù)上文“donationsfromaroundtheworldstarted10.”可知，來自世界各地的捐贈蜂擁而至，說明捐贈者和志愿者是“慷慨”，故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.jobs工作；B.rescues救援的東西；C.partners搭檔；D.services服務。根據(jù)后文“sohe'llbeabletosaveevenmore.”可知，此處指Pimentel援救下來很多小動物，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：颶風會結束的，但是Pimentel還會往下走。因此；B.and并且；C.but但是；D.then然后。根據(jù)上文“颶風會結束”與下文“Pimentel還會往下走”可知，此處構成轉折關系，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他總會記住這個箴言“善良可以傳遞下去”。A.nature自然；B.honour榮譽；C.fame名譽；D.kindness善良。通讀全文可知皮門特爾收留小動物是善良之舉，而世界各地的人捐贈也是善良之舉，鄰居們幫助清理廢墟以及重建家園，這都是善良之舉，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式Ifyourcountrydoesnothaveitsowntreeplantingday,maybeyoushouldsuggestitonsocialmedia!Thatis___36___onemaninTurkeyrecentlydid.OnTwitter,EnesSahinsuggested___37___(set)asideadayforplantingtreesinTurkey.Heaskedotherstosupporthisidea.Andtheydid.Histweet___38___(quick)wentviral.Sahinwrote,"Let'sdedicateadayforall82millionpeopleinthecountry,includingthechildrenandtheelderly,toplanttrees.Let'sset___39___exampletotheworldandhanddownagreencountrytotheupinggenerations.Turkishofficialstooknotice.RumeysaKada,Turkey,syoungestelecteddeputy,tweeted,"Thisisan___40___(amaze)idea.Itwillbeonouragendafortomorrow.Kadaklater___41___(meet)withSahintodiscusshisidea.ThentheTurkishPresidentlatersenthisownmessageonTwitter.Hewrote,"MyfriendsandIwillundertake___42___(responsible)tomakesurethatwehaveanationaltreeplantingday."Evenifyourcountrydoesnothaveanyspecialday___43___eventsfortreeplanting,youcanalwaysgoitalone!CanadianKenChaplinholdstheworldrecordforthemosttrees___44___(plant)inonedaybyasingleperson.OnJune30,2001,heplanted15,170redpineseedlingsby____45____(he)inCanada'sSaskatchewanprovince.【答案】36.what37.setting38.quickly39.an40.amazing41.met42.responsibility43.or44.planted45.himself【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了EnesSahin提出了關于國家植樹日的建議，受到官方的關注，官方答應商議設立國家植樹節(jié)的故事。【36題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：最近在土耳其有一個人就是這么做的。從句did后缺少賓語，指物，因此用what引導表語從句在從句中作賓語。故填what。【37題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在推特上，EnesSahin建議留出一天時間在土耳其植樹。suggestdoingsth.建議做某事，為固定搭配。故填setting?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他的推特迅速走紅。修飾謂語動詞went，用副詞形式。故填quickly?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：讓我們?yōu)槭澜鐦淞⒁粋€榜樣，把一個綠色的國家傳給下一代。example為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，example發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞an。故填an。【40題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這是一個了不起的想法。修飾名詞idea，修飾物，用形容詞形式。故填amazing?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：卡達克后來與沙欣會面，討論了他的想法。填空處為句中的謂語動詞，與上下文的時態(tài)相一致，用一般過去時。故填met?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我和我的朋友們將承擔責任，確保我們有一個國家植樹節(jié)。作undertake的賓語，用名詞形式。故填responsibility?！?3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：即使你的國家沒有任何特殊的植樹日或活動，你也可以獨自去植樹！根據(jù)語境“你的國家沒有任何特殊的植樹日或活動”可知，此處表示選擇關系。故填or?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：加拿大人肯·卓別林保持著單人一天種植樹木最多的世界紀錄。句中hold為謂語動詞，因此填空處填非謂語，plant和trees為動賓關系，用過去分詞作后置定語。故填planted。【45題詳解】考查代詞。句意：2001年6月30日，他在加拿大薩斯喀徹溫省獨自種植了15170棵紅松幼苗。填空處作介詞by的賓語，應用反身代詞，構成byoneself獨自地。故填himself。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15分)46.假定你是李華,，你的交換生朋友David對風箏很感興趣，正好下周日是風箏節(jié)，請你寫信邀請他一同參加。內容包括：1.時間和地點；2.活動內容；3.表示期待。注意：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearDavid,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearDavid,AKiteFestivalistobeheldattheSquareinourcitythisSunday.Knowingyouareinterestedinthefamouskites,Isincerelyinviteyoutoattenditwithmetogether.Duringthefestival,anexhibitionofkitesfrombothhomeandabroadwillbestaged,inwhichwewillseevariousshapesofkites,suchastheDragonkite,FairykiteandGoldenFishkite.Inaddition,wecanenjoyakiteflyingperformancebythousandsofpeople.Youaresuretohaveagoodtimethere.Lookforwardtoyouring!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生給交換生朋友David寫信，邀請他一同參加下周日的風箏節(jié)?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般將來時