考研《英語(yǔ)一》遼寧省鞍山市海城市2023年臨考沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》遼寧省鞍山市海城市2023年臨考沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OnabrightFridayafternooninspring,SumejaTulichadeveryreasontoenjoywalkinginthestreetsofNewYork,acityshe'd1ninemonthsearlierfromLondontoattendajournalismschool.“Whentheweatherisgood,it'sveryhardtofindareasontobe2ordissatisfiedwiththecity,”shesaid.YethertimeinNewYorkhascoincidedwithendlessugliness,Asshe3towardthesubwaystation,shethought,“Please,God,Iwanttoseesomething4today.”Shesaid,“Enoughofthiscraziness”.AttheCityHall5,shesettledontoabench.Itwasjustafter2p.m.Onlyafewpeoplewerethere.Aman6againstapillar（柱子）,thewayanyonemight,waitingforthetrain.Thestillnesswasinterruptedbya(n)7thatthenexttrainwastwostationsaway.ThenTulic8themanatthepillarcollapsingforwardontothetracks.Aman,whowas9waitingforthetrainontheplatform,ranover,peeredovertheedgeandthenjumpedontothe10.Themanwhohad11wasnotmoving.Twomoremenjumpeddowntohelp."Idon'tknow12thesemengotthewitandthequickness,"Tulicsaid."Themanwhofellwaskindofjammedinthetracks.Theywerevery13toknowthatthetrainwascoming.Willitstop?Willthey14pullinghimout?"Onthetracks,the15manwashelduptoasittingpositionbythethreemen,whothenliftedhimfrombelowto16whodraggedhimfromaboveandrolledhimontotheplatform.Thentherescuerswerethemselves17,pulledbacktosafetybyhelpinghands.Assoonastheywereallclear,thetrainpulledin.Anambulance18soonandthemanwastakentoalocalhospitalwith19butnon-life-threateninginjuries,doctorssaid."Thatisthegreatestthing."Tulicsaid,"Theinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)inthiscityofmillionsisthe20themselvesproviding,beingthereforothers."1、A．hungoutB．movedtoC．passedbyD．leftbehind2、A．pleasedB．a(chǎn)shamedC．depressedD．relieved3、A．walkedB．rushedC．travelledD．toured4、A．urgentB．strangeC．mysteriousD．nice5、A．stationB．schoolC．theatreD．store6、A．struggledB．leanedC．layD．sat7、A．noteB．reportC．a(chǎn)nnouncementD．poster8、A．rememberedB．foresawC．ignoredD．glimpsed9、A．a(chǎn)gainB．a(chǎn)lsoC．neverD．seldom10、A．tracksB．roadC．trainD．platform11、A．stoodB．settledC．fallenD．escaped12、A．whomB．whetherC．whenD．where13、A．nervousB．embarrassedC．dangerousD．disappointed14、A．objecttoB．succeedinC．putoffD．giveup15、A．unconsciousB．dyingC．a(chǎn)ctiveD．discouraged16、A．themB．usC．othersD．a(chǎn)nyone17、A．jammedB．recognizedC．a(chǎn)ffectedD．rescued18、A．stoppedB．startedC．a(chǎn)rrivedD．raced19、A．carelessB．seriousC．slightD．unforgettable20、A．peopleB．passengersC．friendsD．studentsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1CompanyNamesThatHaveSecretMeaningsCo-founderLarryPagewasatabrainstormingsessionatStanfordforanewmassivedataindexingwebsite.Someonesuggested“googolplex”—oneofthelargestdescribableNUMBERS.Pageshorteneditto“googol.”Whenhelatercheckedfortheavailabilityofthedomainname,hemadeamistakeandtypedin“google”instead.Buthelikedthenameandregistereditforhimselfandco-founderSergeyBrin.ThisluxurycarmakercombinedelementsfromtheFordandOldsmobilecompanieswhenitwasstartedin1902andlaterbecameknownforitsinnovationandhighquality.ThecompanywasnamedfortheFrenchexplorerAntoineLaumetdelaMotheCadillac,whofoundedthecityofDetroitin1701.Companyco-founderGordonBowkerhassaidthatwhilebrainstormingnames,someonebroughtoutamapthatfeaturedtheoldminingtownofStarbo.ThatmayhaveledhimtothinkofStarbuck,thefirstmateinHermanMelville’sfamousnovel,MobyDick.Notonlythecompanynamebutalsotheoriginofitslogohasarousedgreatcuriosity.TheinventorofRolex,HansWilsdorf,waslookingtomakeanelegant,yetprecise,wristwatch.Hewantedanamethatwaseasytosay,workedindifferentlanguages,andlookedgoodonthewatches.HesettledonRolexin1908.367、Whichcompanynamehasacloserelationshipwithliterature?A．Google. B．Cadillac.C．Starbucks. D．Rolex.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A．Googlewasadoptedbecause“googol”wasnotavailablethen.B．Cadillacwasnamedafterthefoundingfatherofthecompany.C．Starbuckswasusedduetotheco-founder’sloveforhistown.D．HansWilsdorfintendedRolextobeuniversallyaccepted.Text2TheAustralianpostalservicehasapologizedfordeliveringaletterhalfacenturyafteritwassentfromanislandintheSouthPacific.AcouplefromAdelaidefoundthefadedpostcard,fromtheFrenchPolynesianislandofTahiti,restingontheirdoorstepunderagasbill.Itboreapostmarkof1966andwasaddressedtoone“RobertGiorgio”,accordingtotheAdelaideAdvertiser.Thepostcard,whichwaswrittenbysomeonenamed“Chris’,reads:“Iamenjoyingmyselfgreatly.Theweatherisveryhumid.I’lltryanddropyouanoteinEngland.”Itsstampcost3francs,oraroundninepence,andisunderstoodtohavebeensenttotheoriginalownerofthehouse,whosewhereaboutisunknown.“Ittookawhiletorealizeitwasanoldone,”saidTimDuffy,whoboughtthehouse18monthsagowithhiswife,Claire,andbelievesitwasbuiltbyanItalianmanin1963.“ThenIcheckedthepostdateandit’s1966.”Hesuspectsthecardmayhavebeensentbysomeonewhowastravellingbyboat.“It’sfreshenoughalthoughitisabitfadedandit’sgotsomedamagetothetopleft,whichlookslikeabitofwaterdamage,”hesaid.MrDuffyhandedtheletterbacktoAustraliaPost,whoacknowledgedthatsomethinghad“gonewrong”andissuedanapology.“Itisclearthatsomethingwentwrong50yearsagoafterthepostcardwaspostedinFrenchPolynesia,andweapologisefortheinconvenience,”aspkesmansaid.Itisnotthefirsttimethataletterhastakenvastlylongerthanexpectedarriveatitsdestination.AlovelettersentbyaBritishsoldierduringWorldWarTwowasapparentlystuckintransitformorethan64yearsbeforeitreachedRAFLakenheathinSuffolk.1、Whowrotethepostcard?A．ClaireB．ChrisC．TimDuffyD．RobertGiorgio2、Whatdoesthepostcardlooklike?A．NiceandperfectB．OldanddamagedC．OldputbeautifulD．Freshbutdamaged3、Theunderlinedword“whereabout”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”A．locationB．familyC．habitD．name4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Thepostcardwassentoutin1963B．TimDuffyacceptedtheapologyfromtheAustraliaPostC．ThisisthefirstletterthathasgonewrongduringdeliveringD．ThepersonwhowrotethepostcardwouldtraveltoEnglandText3InarecentseriesofexperimentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,researchersstudiedtoddlers’thinkingaboutwinnersandlosers,bullies(欺凌)andvictims.Inthefirstexperiment,toddlers(學(xué)步兒童)watchedasceneinwhichtwopuppets(木偶)hadconflictinggoals:Onewascrossingastagefromrighttoleft,andtheotherfromlefttoright.Thepuppetsmetinthemiddleandstopped.Eventuallyonepuppetboweddownandmovedaside,lettingtheotheronepassby.Thenresearchersaskedthetoddlerswhichpuppettheyliked.Theresult:20outof23toddlerspickedthehigher-statuspuppet—theonethatdidnotbowormoveaside.Itseemsthatindividualscangainstatusforbeingdominant(占優(yōu)勢(shì)的)andtoddlerslikewinnersbetterthanlosers.Butthenresearchershadanotherquestion:Dotoddlerslikewinnersnomatterhowtheywin?So,researchersdidanotherexperimentverysimilartotheonedescribedabove.Butthistime,theconflictendedbecauseonepuppetknockedtheotherdownandoutoftheway.Nowwhenthetoddlerswereaskedwhotheyliked,theresultsweredifferent:Only4outof23childrenlikedthewinner.Thesedatasuggestthatchildrenalreadyloveawinnerbytheageof21-31months.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthepreferenceisinborn:21monthsisenoughtimetolearnalotofthings.Butifapreferenceforwinnersissomethingwelearn,weappeartolearnitquiteearly.Evenmoreinteresting,thepreferenceforwinnersisnotabsolute.Childreninourstudydidnotlikeawinnerwhoknockedacompetitordown.Thissuggeststhatalreadybytheageof21-31months,children’slikingforwinnersisbalancedwithothersocialconcerns,includingperhapsageneralpreferenceforniceorhelpfulpeopleoveraggressiveones.Inatimewhenthenewsisfullofstoriesofpublicfigureswhocelebratewinningatallcosts,theseresultsgiveusmuchconfidence.Humansunderstanddominance,butwealsoexpectstrongindividualstoguide,protectandhelpothers.Thisfeelslikegoodnews.1、Oneofthepurposesoftheexperimentsisto________.A．teachtoddlershowtogainhigherstatusB．offertoddlersachancetowatchasceneC．observetheprocessoftoddlers’solvingaconflictD．findouttoddlers’attitudetowardwinnersandlosers2、Thetoddlersregardedbowingandmovingasideasasignof________.A．obeyingrulesB．gainingstatusC．givingintotheotherD．showinggoodmanners3、Whatdoesthesecondexperimenttellusabouttoddlers?A．Theyareexcellentlearners.B．Theyarealwayschangeable.C．Theyshowmercytotheloser.D．Theyvaluekindnessoverwinning.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresultsoftheseriesofexperiments?A．Disappointing. B．Encouraging.C．Unexpected. D．Controversial.Text4Likealotofyoungpeople.JoannaRakofftookthefirstjobshewasoffered.ShedecidedtoworkatoneofNewYork’soldestliteraryagencies.Yetshehadnoideathatitwouldbethefirststeppingstoneonthewaytobecomingawriter,andlater,thenovelistsheistoday.Inthefaceoftheupsanddowns,shegaveitherall.Shecanstillrememberthatherbosswasverychallenging.“Thethingthatworkedwhenmybosswasbeingdifficultwasrememberingitwasn’tpersonal.Usually,it’snotaboutyou,it’sthem,”sheadvisesanyoneinasimilarsituation.Beingamanagerandeditorherselflaterinhercareeralsohelpedtomakesenseofwhathappenedyearsbefore.“It’sreallyhardmanagingalotofpeople.Ihadalotmoresympathyformyformerbossafterthat.Youdon’tknoweverythingthat’sgoingonwiththem,andremember:they’reaperson,too,”shesays.Afteronlyayear,Rakoffrealizedshewasnot“anagencyperson”ashermanagerhadbelieved,buttheseedhadbeenplanted.Sheleftwithdreamsofbecomingawriterandarealunderstandingoftheworldofglossy(亮麗光鮮的)magazines.Rakoffrosefromwritingmagazinearticlestofeatureseditor,andlatereditor-in-chief.Dreamsofonedaywritingfictionremained.“Writingpiecesformagazinesreallyhelpedmetobecomeanauthor.Ithelpedmakewritinglessscary.Whenyouwriteregularlyandhavedeadlines,itreallyteachesyouthatsometimesyouhavetositdownandjustdoit,”shesays.Withallthepressureonyoungpeoplethesedays,itisimportanttorememberyoudon’thavetobeintheperfectjobrightaway.What’smore,youdon’tneedtoknowwhatyouwanttobeordoforacareerassoonasyoufinishhighschoolorcollege.Rakoffexplainshowmanyofherverysuccessfulfriendsfounddifferentpathstowardbecomingfictionwriters.Thereisnothingwrongwithhavingajobtokeepyoubusyandpaythebillswhileyoufigureoutyourpassions,shesays.1、WhenJoannaRakoffwasofferedthefirstjob.she.A．gaveituptoseekforsomebetteropportunitiesB．leftitatoncebecausethebosswastoodemandingC．a(chǎn)greedtoworkfortheoldliteracyagencyinNewYorkD．a(chǎn)ccepteditbelievingitwouldleadtoherfuturesuccess2、HowcouldRakoffunderstandherbossintheliteraryagency?A．Shethoughtherbosswasundergreatpressure.B．Shebelievedherbossexpectedhertoworkbetter.C．Sheknewhercolleaguesweredoingwellenough.D．Shebecameamanagerandeditorherselflateron.3、Rakofflefttheliteraryagencywiththeambitionof.A．workingasamanagerB．writingformagazinesC．becomingafictionwriterD．beinganagencyperson4、WhatcanwelearnfromRakoff’sexperience?A．Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside.B．Keeponwhatyouaredoinguntilyousucceed.C．Landthebestjobassoonasyougraduatefromcollege.D．Aseeminglyimperfectjobmayaswellleadtosuccess.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)RecentlyIfailedanexamHowever,afterIcameoutofmyteacher’soffice,Itoldmyself,“Smile!It’snotsoserious”Ismiledabigsmileandit1．(work)alittle,reallyEveryonegets2．(frustrate)sometimesIusedtobealwaysinfluencedbypressureandIwasofteninlowspiritsButonedayIcame3．a(chǎn)sentenceintheBible,“Donotbeanxiousabouttomorrow,fortomorrowwillbeanxiousforitself,lettheday’sowntroublebesufficientfortheday”Itsuddenlystruckme,“4．(worry)aboutaproblemdoesn’thelpWhynotjust5．(give)abigsmileandfaceuptothetrouble?”NoweverytimeIwanttocry,Iremindmyselfthat6．(laugh)isbetterthantearsandangerI7．(convince)thatthere’ssomethingmagicalaboutasmileAsmilehelpsmerecoverconfidenceandgivesmethecouragetomoveonRemember,wheneveryou’refacedwithasetback,wheneveryou’vebeentreated8．(fair),all9．mattersisdeterminationandyoucanfeelhappyagainSmileatlife,10．itwillshineonyouOncetherewasawiselandownerwhohadtwosonsAfterafewyears,thelandownerfellillbadlySoheconsidered1．(select)oneofthemtorulethefamilyaccordingtotheirabilitiesHecalledbothofthemandgaveeachonearoomHesaid，“YoumustfillyourroomcompletelywithanythingyouwishItcanbeanything!Butthereshouldnotbeanyspace2．(leave)behindandyoushouldnotseekadvice3．others!"Thenextday,thelandownervisitedthe4．(old)son'sroomTheroomwascompletelyfilledwithhay(干草)Thelandownersighedonthe5．(foolish)ofthesonThenhewenttotheroomgiventotheyoungersonButit6．(keep)closedThelandownerknockedatthedoorTheyoungersonasked7．(he)fathertogetinandclosedthedooragainItwasdarknesseverywhereandthelandownershoutedathisson8．(angry)Buttheyoungersonlightedacandle9．said,“Ihavefilledthisroomwithlight!NowthelandownerfeltveryhappyandhuggedhissonproudlyHeunderstoodthattheyoungerwouldbetherightperson10．(rule)thefamilySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)TheValueofTearsTearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.Tearsleaveyouembarrassedandwithoutenergy.Still,cryingisafactoflife,andyourtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou’renotcrying,theymakeafilmovertheeye’ssurface.1、Whentearsfall,theyreducestress.Butwetendtofightthemforallsortsofreasons.“Peopleworryaboutshowingtheiremotions,afraidthatoncetheylosecontrolthey’llnevergetitback.”2、Afterwecry,thefeelingsthatcausedthetearsoftendisappear.Sometimespeoplebecomemuchstressedandcan’tcry.Whateveremotiontheyarefeeling—shock,anger,fear,orsadness—isbeingheldback.Buteveryonehastheneedtocry.PsychologistVeraDiamondexplainsthathertreatmentoftenconsistsofgivingpeoplepermissiontocry.3、Patientspracticecryingjusttobecomeusedtoexpressingemotions.Shesuggestssafe,privateplacestocry,likeunderthebedcoversorinthecar.Cryingisawayofreducingtension,butpeopledon’tlikeitwhenotherscrybecauseitmakesthemtense.4、Andthey’lldojustaboutanythingtomakeyoustop.Incertainsituations,suchasatwork,tearsarenotappropriate.It’sgoodnottocryduringatensebusinessdiscussion.5、Youshouldalsoactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter.“And,”sheadds,“Onceyourtearshavetakenawaythestress,youcanbegintothinkcalmlyofwaystodealwiththeproblem.”Tearsareasignofourabilitytofeel.Ifyoufindyourselfnearsomeonecrying,dealwithit.Andneverbeafraidtocryyourself.A．Theytoomaybeholdingbackaneedtocry.B．Theycryfordifferentreasons.C．Shegivescryingexercises.D．Itcontainsachemicalagainstinfection.E.Thefactisthatnoemotionlastsforever.F.Itformsinresponsetothestressonthesurfaceoftheeye.G.Butonceyou’resafelybehindcloseddoors,don’tjustcry.1、Because,fromwhatIcouldsee,itseemedthatgrown-upsoftenforgot.IneverwantedtoforgetIwantedtobeabletoremindotheradultsandmyselfwhenthetimecame.Ibeganconsciouslythinkingthisatquite