過(guò)去分詞課件

1.作定語(yǔ)2.作表語(yǔ)4.作狀語(yǔ)3.作賓補(bǔ)過(guò)去分詞第1頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)作定語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表完成。過(guò)去分詞用作定語(yǔ)，如果是單個(gè)的，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前。

Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.

我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)—位置第2頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)用作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞多表示已完成的動(dòng)作，但有時(shí)其所表示的動(dòng)作卻尚未完成或有待于將來(lái)完成。Theworkersdemandincreasedwages.

工人要求增加工資。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。

Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他們朋友舉行的音樂(lè)會(huì)大為成功。

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)第3頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后常有逗號(hào)。

Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.

他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會(huì)，到會(huì)的有五千多人。用來(lái)修飾人的過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，這種過(guò)去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān)。

Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.

那男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視。第4頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般來(lái)說(shuō)，用作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間應(yīng)與句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一致，但有時(shí)則可能表示不同的時(shí)間。

Theonlycarrepairedbythemechanicismine.

這句中的

repaired可能是

thatisbeingrepaired,但也可能是

thatisrepaired,thatwillberepaired,thatwasbeingrepaired或

thatwasrepaired。當(dāng)然，其確切意義一般可由上下文確定。第5頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，與句子主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，既表示被動(dòng)，又表示完成。

Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。

不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，與句子主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，只表示動(dòng)作的完成。

Thestickisburnt.木棒燃燒過(guò)了。第6頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)注意過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。

Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.

茶杯是昨天我小妹妹打碎的。

Thelibraryisnowclosed.

圖書(shū)館關(guān)門了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)第7頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與-ing形式作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成，-ing形式表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行。有些動(dòng)詞如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其過(guò)去分詞形式來(lái)修飾人，用-ing形式來(lái)修飾物。

ThebookisinterestingandI'minterestedinit.

這本書(shū)很有趣，我對(duì)它很感興趣。

第8頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞區(qū)別1.語(yǔ)態(tài)上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞:表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作2.時(shí)間上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞:表示完成的意思Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.

thefallingleavesthefallenleaves

boilingwater

boiledwater

therisingsuntherisensun第9頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)3.現(xiàn)在分詞表示它所修飾的名詞或句子主語(yǔ)的特征、特性。過(guò)去分詞表示它所修飾的名詞或句子主語(yǔ)的心理感受或狀態(tài)。

amovingfilmamovedaudienceThenewsisexciting.Wewereexcitedtohearit.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞區(qū)別第10頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)什么是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)？英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，才能使句子的意義完整。這類常用的及物動(dòng)詞有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,letetc.Ex.Wethinkhim

clever.Whathesaidmademe

angry.Weconsidertheanswer

correct.Everyonecallshim

Tom.(賓語(yǔ))(賓補(bǔ))第11頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式：帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為：某些及物動(dòng)詞（如make等）+直接賓語(yǔ)（名詞或代詞）+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第12頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的9種表示法：HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.4.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名詞)(形容詞)（不定式）（不定式短語(yǔ)）(現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語(yǔ))第13頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)5.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.

6.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.7.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.

8.Letthefreshairin.9.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(過(guò)去分詞)（用as引出）（介詞短語(yǔ)）（副詞）(從句)第14頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)1.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示其動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束。能用賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞，表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成的意義，有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。E.g.Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.Thespeakerraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheard.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第15頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞不僅可以作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，還可以作介詞賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：E.g.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback,Withthehomeworkfinished,hewasallowedtowatchthefootballmatch.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第16頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞用在表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep，leave等的后面。Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.2.過(guò)去分詞用在使役動(dòng)詞have,make的后面。（1）注意”have+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”的兩種用法：①表示讓某人做某事，如：Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第17頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)②表示“遭遇到某種不幸；受到打擊”等。如：Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.Theoldmanhadhiswristbrokenintheaccident.(2)”make+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的，如：

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第18頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)3.過(guò)去分詞用在感官動(dòng)詞watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find

等的后面

當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時(shí)，我們看見(jiàn)門鎖著。

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.我們可以聽(tīng)到大雨點(diǎn)敲打窗戶的聲音。Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第19頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)4.過(guò)去分詞用在want,wish,like,expect,order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”這一類動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Theteacherwouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.老師不想此刻討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第20頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)我想要這套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.我父母希望我好好準(zhǔn)備入學(xué)考試。

Myparentsexpectedmetobewell-preparedfortheentranceexamination.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第21頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)5.過(guò)去分詞用在“wish+賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。小偷被帶進(jìn)來(lái)了，雙手被綁在后面。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花園。

Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第22頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.

(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.

(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.

(字典被拿走了)(to)do動(dòng)作全過(guò)程已結(jié)束v-ing動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行pp.表被動(dòng)完成(to)do/V-ing/pp.作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別第23頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，一是表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，二是表動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。通常作如下幾種狀語(yǔ)：1.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),

可在過(guò)去分詞前加上連詞when,while,until等.2.Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Untilspokento過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第24頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)2.原因狀語(yǔ)1.Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords2.Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第25頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)3.條件狀語(yǔ)1.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime2.Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapour.Heatedtoahightemperature過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第26頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)4.讓步狀語(yǔ)1.Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm2.EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第27頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)5.方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)1.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Followedbyagroupofstudents2.Themanagerheldhisheadhigh,hewalkedintotheroom.Holdinghisheadhigh過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第28頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)Whenhewasaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.IfIamgivenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Becausehewasbornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.Whenaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.Givenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Bornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.(時(shí)間)(條件)(原因)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第29頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)4.Althoughtheyhadbeendefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.5.Theteacherstoodthereandwassurroundedbythestudents.Althoughdefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.(讓步)(伴隨)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第30頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)注意:用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它邏輯上的主語(yǔ)要與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致,否則分詞短語(yǔ)就要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第31頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)用所給單詞的正確形式填空Whathehadsaidmademe________.（surprise）Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.(follow)Myglassesarebroken.I’llhavetogetthem________.(repair)Withherfinger_______tothebrokenvase,mymotheraskedme,“Whodidthat?”(point)Thedoctorwarnedhim________onlyfoodaftertheoperation.(noteat)Practicesurprisedfollowingrepairedpointingnottoeat第32頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying√2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettle D.beingsettled√第33頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrase____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known√4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage

tothedoor

“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”A.pin,readB.pinning,readingC.pinned,readingD.pinned,read√第34頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)5、Aboy

Jackwonthegame.Aboy

himselfJackwonthegame.A.callingB.calledA6、Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvitedA7、Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenDB第35頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)8、Whoistheman

toyourfatherjustnow?Whoistheman

tojustnow?A.speakingB.spoken9、Thebuilding

lastyearisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nowisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nextmonthisseventymetershigh.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltABABC第36頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)10、Anagreement

tomorrowwilldogoodtoeveryoneofus.A.tobesignedB.beingsignedC.signed11、Theplan

forthetripbyourteachernextweekisveryimportant.A.madeB.tobemadeC.beingmade

12、TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingABC第37頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)13、Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay14、AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed15、Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheshipwasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingCAC第38頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)16.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryout B.carryingC.carriedout D.tocarryout17.Mrs.Brownwasverydisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad___wentwrongagain.it B.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepairedCC第39頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)18.Inthepastfewyears,wehavehadthousandsoftrees____aroundoutschool.A.plantB.plantedc.plantingD.beingplanted19.Isthistherecorderyouwant____?tohaverepairedB.torepairedC.tohaveitrepairedD.itrepaired20.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell____careof.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takingBAC第40頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)21.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade___tothepublicuntillastThursday.knowingBknownC.toknowD.tobeknown22.Hefoundthem____attable___.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechessBC第41頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)23.Icanmakeyou___whatIsay,butyoucan’tmakeyourself____inEnglish.understand;understandB.understand;understoodC.tounderstand;understandD.understand;tobeunderstoodB第42頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)24.Thegirlaskedhimnottoleavethedoor_____.A.tocloseB.closedC.tobeclosedD.closing25.IhaveoftenheardtheABCsong____,butIhaveneverheardAlice____it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singingBC第43頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)26.Helenhadtoshout____abovethesoundthemusic.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.27.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents__________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worryDA第44頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)28.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout29.Itiswisetohavesomemoney______foroldage.putawayB.keptupC.givenawayD.laidupCA第45頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)30.____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowed31.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedBB第46頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)32.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed,dead.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying33.IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailedAB第47頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)34.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived35.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedCC第48頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)36.Don’tgetyouschedule___,staywithusinthisclass.tochangeB.changingC.changedD.change37.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeCA第49頁(yè)/共54頁(yè)38.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetied