高中英語語法填空講解與練習課件

語法填空Grammar

Filling1、閱讀、理解語篇的能力;2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力;3、熟練運用語法,短語的能力。語法填空題兩類“空”：純空格（3-4個）給詞空(6-7個）謂語（時態(tài)—語態(tài)—數(shù)）非謂語（to

do---doing—done)3.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(名—形—副）冠、代、介、連、引導詞解題關(guān)鍵：1

把握大意；中主語、謂語、連詞2

找關(guān)鍵詞；找出句

主語、謂語、連詞橫線前后詞既要符合語意，又要合乎語法！忽略文意，直奔題目！切忌：原則：給詞空考點講解：謂語（時態(tài)—語態(tài)—數(shù)）非謂語（to

do---doing—done)3.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(名—形—副）4.形容詞副詞（原級—比較級—最高級）2.Theydidn’ttake

many

chances

in

theirlives.They(follow)orders.3.Ihadto

leave

work

to

take

him

to

the1.The

exam,

which

was

originally

to

beheld

inourclassroom,

waschanged(change)

to

the

library

at

thelastminute.usually

followedhospital

because

he

had

broken(break)

his

finger.考點一、謂語動詞括號內(nèi)給出動詞的原形，做題時首先找出句子的主干，確定主句，如果缺謂語，就要根據(jù)上下文語境和意思確定動詞的數(shù)、時態(tài)和語態(tài)。如果空格前是助動詞（will,shall等）、情態(tài)動詞（can,

may,

must等）或是動詞加to的形式，則空格一定是動詞原形。如果空格前是have的各種形式，則想到構(gòu)成。完成時如果空格前是be的各種形式，則想到用進行時態(tài)或被動語態(tài)。應試策略考點二、非謂語動詞

solved1.Hesits

in

the

classroom,reading

(read)a

book.2.

Withthe

problem(solve),

Ifelt

proud

of

my

achievement.3.

I

got

up

early(catch)

the(build)next5.

Thebuilding,

to

be

builttocatchfirst

bus.4.

Thebuilding,

built

(build)

last

year,is

a

teaching

building.year,

is

a

teaching

building.6.

Thebuilding,

being

built

(build)

now,is

a

teaching

building.非謂語動詞，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和所如果；動詞不定式。做題時確定所給出的詞與修飾的詞或其邏輯主語的關(guān)系。與中心詞是主動關(guān)系，一般用V-ing形式應試策略如果與中心詞是被動關(guān)系，一般用V-ed形式

；如果表示將來，一般用動詞不定式。非謂語在單項選擇里考會很難，但在語法其填空里考，卻成了比較簡單的考點。如果“空”所在的句子已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞，而且提示詞是動詞，那么這時候考察的是非謂語動詞形式。personal考點三、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換Most

of

the

people

in

the

town

showed

pityon

him,

but

it

was

useless

(use).He

hugged

the

little

boy

tightly

(tight).Some

people

think

that

the

great

Chinesescholar

Confucius,

who

lived

from

roughly551

to

479

B.C.,

influenced

thechopsticks.4.…,

so

I’m

very

careful

not

to

give

outmy(person)

information.development

(develop)

of括號內(nèi)給出單詞的其他形式，通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷句子缺少什么成分（修飾什么詞），再用正確的單詞形式補充完整，該空同時考查同學們的單詞拼寫能力。應試策略

cheaper考點四、形容詞或副詞One

of

the

worst(bad)

gift

choicesI

ever

made

was

for

my

high

schoolEnglish

teacher,

Miss

Li.For

a

family

of

four,

for

example,

it

ismore

convenient

as

well

as(cheap)

to

sit

comfortably

at

home,…3.If

you

feel

stressed

by

responsibilitiesat

work,

you

should

take

a

step

backand

identify

those

of

greater

(great)

andless

importance.應試策略括號內(nèi)給出形容詞或副詞，要根據(jù)上下文語境確定用原級、比較級還是最高級形式。形容詞修飾名詞/代詞副詞修飾動詞/形容詞/副詞/句子小試牛刀：pointed

them

out

with

(patient).【

2015

課標全國

Ⅰ

】

It

was

raining

lightly

wh

arrive(darrive)In

Yangshuo

just before

dawn(黎明).【2015

安徽】Just

as

I

got

to

the

school

gate

,I

realizedhadle(ftleave)

my

book

in

therestaurant.3

.

【

2014

江西

】

Whpeanteievnecr

eI

made

mistakes,

the

teacpianos【

2014

天津

】

After

the event(

活動）

the

(pianwere

donated

to

local

school

and

commkueneiptyinggroups.The

woman

look

around

the

shop,

(keep)

an

eyeon

herbaby.【2016全國卷Ⅱ】

achievement

t

important

tasks

first

sHandle

the

mosyou’ll

feel

a

sense

of

(achoiefvfiec)i.ally純空格類考點講解：冠詞代詞介詞連詞引導詞考點五、冠詞He

lied

to

the

teacher

with

the

same

reason.Youcannowmake

an

educated

decision

about

whatcareer

to

pursue.The

author

of

the

study

suggestedthat

encouraging

more

books

readingmightbeusefaul

way

toprevent

childhood

accidents.如果空格后是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表泛指，就應該考慮空格處是否需要填不定冠詞

(a,

an)。如果空格后是序數(shù)詞、最高級或提及上文提到過的人或物（特指）等時，就應該考慮空格處是否需要填定冠詞

(the)。應試策略Firstly,

we

must

understand

thelanguagewhenwehear

it

spoken.Thelittleboypulled

his

right

handout

of

the

pocket

and

gave

me

somemoney.I

patiently

walked

to

the

library,tookmy

seat

and

did

some

deep

breathing

tohelp

relax

myself

.考點六、代詞首先找出代詞所指代的名詞，根據(jù)其在句中所充當?shù)某煞执_定用哪個代詞。如果空格后是名詞，就應該考慮空格處是否用物主代詞(my,your,his等)、指示代詞(this,that等)、不定代詞(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,

both,neither,other等)、名詞所有格等進行修飾。如果空格前是動詞

,

就應考慮用人稱代詞和反身代詞。應試策略考點七、介詞Television

is

now

playing

a

veryimportantrole

in

ourlife.…more

than

nine

thousand

youngAmericans,

dissatisfied

with

their

trainingathome,wenttoGermany

for

advancedstudy.It

was

in

this

very

room

that

she

gavebirth

to

Lindaseventeenyearsago.

In

India,

for

example,

mostpeopletraditionally

eat

with

their

hands.應試策略掌握一些常用介詞的用法、含義和固定搭配；介詞可位于名詞之前。如atnight,

on

Sunday等；也可位于形容詞之后，如be

interested

in,

begoodat等；還可位于

不及物動詞之后

，如

listen

to,arrive

at,

lookfor等。it

was

also

time

for

theyoungpanda

to

beindependent.If

a

family

has

many

children,

the

middleone

sometimes

gets

lost

in

the

crowd.The

youngest

child,

however

,

often

getsspecial

treatment.It

was

time

for

her

to

have

a

new

baby,and考點八、連（接）詞表示遞進：besides,

further,

furthermore,moreover等；but,nevertheless,however,yet等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折：空格前后兩個句子都含有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時，則要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇適當?shù)倪B詞或連接詞。表示并列：

and,or等；表示因果：

so,

for,

therefore,

thus等；應試策略表示讓步：while,although,

though,等。

that考點九、引導詞1.

One

day,

he

came

up

with

an

idea

that

he

would

help

me

with

myproject.2.Somewhopeople

say

that

some

children,are

smart

and

strong-willed,

arevery

likely

to

succeed.3.So

careless

was

II

hadI

saw.forgotten

all

about

that.4.I

was

really

surprised

at

what空格前后都是一個句子,做題時應該從句子的意義去判斷是屬于什么類型的復合句（定語從句、名詞性從句或者狀語從句），再確定填什么引導詞。應試策略如何判斷從句類型？空格前是名詞空格前是及物動詞空格前是系動詞空格在句首定語從句同位語語從句主語從句狀語從句所填詞在后面句子中充當成分不充當成分賓語從句表語從句判斷狀語從句類型時還可以根據(jù)前后句句子之間的意思及邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是什么狀語從句小試牛刀：1.【2014山東】Susanmade

clearto

me

that

she

wished

to

make

a

new

life

for

herself.

2.【2014北京】Jane

is

in

a

hurry

because

the

train

to

the

airport

leaves

half

an

hour.4.【2014安徽】The

exact

yeartogether

in

China

was

in2008.it3

.

【

2015

重慶

】

He

wrote

many

children’s books,

nearly

half

were

publishedwinhthice

h1990s.thKaat/tewahndichher

family

spentinThe

exact

year

wKhaetenandher

family

visit

China

was

in

2008Hurryup,

you’ll

miss

the

early

bus.or一步來把全文看，把握主旨邏輯線；二步開始做答案，容易做的先做完；難題放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步復讀很關(guān)鍵，保證全文意連貫。Practice

makes

perfect.Yangshuo,

ChinaIt

was

raining

lightly

when

I

61

(

arrive

)

in

Yangshuojust

before

dawn.

But

I

didn’t

care.

A

few

hours

62

,I’d

been

at

home

in

Hong

Kong,

with

63_(

it

)

chokingsmog.

Here,

the

air

was

clean

and

fresh,

even

with

therain.I’d

skipped

nearby

Guilin,

a

dream

place

for

touristsseeking

the

limestonemountain

tops

and

dark

waters

of

theLi

River_64

are

pictured

by

artists

in

so

many

Chinese_65

(painting).

Instead,

I

‘d

head

straight

for

Yangshuo.For

those

who

fly

to

Guilin,

it’s

only

an

hour

away

66_car

and

offers

all

the

scenery

of

the

better-known

city.Yangshuo

67

(

be

)

really

beautiful.

A

study

otravelers_68

(conduct)

by

the

website

Trip

Advisor

namesYangshuo

as

one

of

the

top

10

destinations

in

the

world.And

the

town

is

fast

becoming

a

popular

weekenddestination

for

people

in

Asia.

Abercrombie

&

Kent,

atravel

company

in

Hong

Kong,

says

it

(

regular

)

arrangesquick

getaways

here

for

people_70

(

live

)

in

Shanghai

and【2015課標全國Ⅰ】Yangshuo,

ChinaIt

was

raining

lightly

whenI

a6r1rived(

arrive

)

in

Yangshuo

justbefore

dawne.arBlieurt/beIfodriedn’t

care.

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hours

62 ,

I’d

been

athomites

in

Hong

Kong,

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63_(

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)choking

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the

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with

the

rain.I’d

skipped

nearby

Guilin,

a

dreampictured

by

artists

in

so

manyChinese

_65place

for

tourists

seeking

thelimestone

mountain(

石灰?guī)r山

)

tops

adark

watthearts/wohficthhe

Li

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are(

paintpinagin)t.ingInsstead,

I‘d

head

straight

for

Yangshuo.

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who

fly

to

Guilin,

it’s

onlbyy

anhour

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66_

car

and

offers

allthe

scenery

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better-knowncity.Yangshuo

67

i(sbe

)

really

beautiful.

A

study

of(conducct)obny

dthuecwteebdsite

TripAdvisortravelers

_68

names

Yangshuo

as

one

of

the

top

10

destinations

in

theworld.

And

the

town

is

fast

becoming

a

popular

weekenddestination

for

people

in

Asia.

Abercrombie

&

Kent,

atravel

company

in

Hong

Kong,

says

it

(

regular

)arranges

quick

getaways

here

for

people_70

(

live

)

inShanghaiandHongKong.regularlyliving【2015課標全國ⅠⅠ】builtThe

adobe

dwellings (

土坯房

)

61

（

build

）

by

the

PuebInthdieans

of

the

American

Southwest

are

admired

by

even

62most

modern

of

architects

and

engineers.

In

addition

to

theirsimple

b