小升初英語復(fù)習(xí)資料

1/7小學(xué)英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料一:學(xué)生易錯詞匯

1.a,an的選擇:元音字母開頭的單詞用an,輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.

2.am,is,are的選擇:單數(shù)用is,復(fù)數(shù)用are.I用am,you用are.

3.have,has的選擇:表示某人有某物.單數(shù)用has,復(fù)數(shù)用have.I,you用have.

4.thereis,thereare的選擇:表示某地有某物,某人.單數(shù)用thereis,復(fù)數(shù)用thereare.

5.some,any的選擇:肯定句用some,疑問句和否定句用any.

6.疑問詞的選擇:what(什么)who(誰)where(哪里)whose(誰的)why(為什么)when(什么時候)which(哪一個)howold(多大)howmany(多少)howmuch(多少錢)

二:形容詞比較級詳解

當(dāng)我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級.比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:

什么+動詞be(am,is,are)+形容詞比較級+than(比)+什么,如:

I'mtallerandheavierthanyou.(我比你更高和更重.)

Anelephantisbiggerthanatiger.(一只大象比一只老虎更大.)

形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的,它的變化規(guī)則是:

①一般的直接在詞尾加er,如tall-taller,strong-stronger,

②以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r,如fine–finer,

③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny-funnier

④雙寫最后的字母再加er,如big–bigger,thin–thinner,hot–hotter

☆注意☆比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西.

典型錯誤:Myhairislongerthanyou.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長.)

比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā),你(整個人),那么比較的對象就沒有可比性.

應(yīng)該改為:Myhairislongerthanyours.或Myhairislongerthanyourhair.

比較級專項練習(xí):一,從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子heavytalllongbig

(1)HowistheYellowRiver

(2)HowisMrGreenHe's175cm.

(3)HowareyourfeetIwearsize18.

(4)HowisthefishIt's2kg.

三:動詞過去式詳解動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:

A,規(guī)則動詞

①一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited

②以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如lived,danced,used

③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如study–studiedcarry–carriedworry–worried(注意play,stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)

④雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stopped

B,不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go-went,take-took,buy-bought,get-got,read-read,fly-flew,am/is-was,

are-were,say-said,leave-left,swim-swam,tell-told,draw-drew,come-came,lose-lost,find-found,drink-drank,hurt-hurt,feel-felt

四:動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:

①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating

②以e結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing

③雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting

五:人稱代詞與物主代詞

一、人稱代詞人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit

二、物主代詞

數(shù)

人稱

類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs漢語我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它）們的六:句型專項歸類

1.肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I'mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.

Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.

2,否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I'mnotastudent.Sheisnot(isn't)adoctor.

Hedoesnot(doesn't)workinahospital.Therearenot(aren't)fourfansinourclassroom.

Hewillnot(won't)eatlunchat12:00.Ididnot(didn't)watchTVyesterdayevening.

☆注意☆小結(jié):否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞"not".有動詞be的句子則"not"加在be后面,可縮寫成"isn't,aren't",但amnot一般都分開寫.沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如"don't,doesn't,didn't).這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而"did"只用于一般過去時,不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù),都用"did".

3,一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用"yes",或"no"來回答.

如:AreyouastudentYes,Iam/No,I'mnot.

IssheadoctorYes,sheis./No,sheisn't.

DoesheworkinahospitalYes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.

AretherefourfansinourclassroomYes,thereare./No,therearen't.

AreyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonightYes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearen't.)

Willheeatlunchat12:00Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won't).

AretheyswimmingYes,theyare./No,theyaren't.

DidyouwatchTVyesterdayeveningYes,Idid./No,Ididn't.

☆注意☆小結(jié):一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上,

①把動詞be調(diào)到首位,其他照寫,末尾標點符號變成問號即可.

②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在后面的動詞變回原形,末尾標點符號變成問號即可.

這三個助動詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而"did"只用于一般過去時,不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù),都用"did".一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致,即問句里的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的.

4,特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子.此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么,不能用"yes,no"來回答.如:

WhatisthisIt'sacomputer.

WhatdoeshedoHe'sadoctor.

WhereareyougoingI'mgoingtoBeijing.

WhoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoonMike.

WhichseasondoyoulikebestSummer.

WhendoyouusuallygetupIusuallygetupat6:30.

WhoseskirtisthisIt'sAmy's.

WhydoyoulikespringbestBecauseIcanplanttrees.

HowareyouI'mfine./I'mhappy.

HowdidyougotoXinjiangIwenttoXinjiangbytrain.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問,如:howmany(多少(數(shù)量)),howmuch(多少(錢)),howtall(多高),howlong(多長),howbig(多大),howheavy(多重)

例句:HowmanypencilsdoyouhaveIhavethreepencils.

HowmanygirlscanyouseeIcanseefourgirls.

HowmanydesksarethereinyourclassroomThereare51.

☆小結(jié):howmany用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量,主要有以上三種句式搭配,

Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+doyouhave你有多少……

Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+canyousee你能看見多少……

Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere…有多少……

七:完全,縮略形式:I'm=Iamhe's=heisshe's=sheisthey're=theyareyou're=youarethere's=thereisthey're=theyarecan't=cannotdon't=donotdoesn't=doesnotisn't=isnotaren't=arenotlet's=letuswon't=willnotI'll=Iwillwasn't=wasnot

總結(jié):通常情況下,'m即am,'s即is(但let's=letus),'re即are,n't即not(但can't=cannot)

八:小學(xué)英語詞匯不完全歸類表

學(xué)習(xí)用品:(schoolthings):pen鋼筆pencil鉛筆pencil-case鉛筆盒ruler尺子book書bag包comicbook漫畫書postcard明信片newspaper報紙schoolbag書包eraser橡皮crayon蠟筆sharpener卷筆刀story-book故事書notebook筆記本Chinesebook語文書Englishbook英語書mathbook數(shù)學(xué)書magazine雜志dictionary詞典

人體(body):foot腳head頭face臉hair頭發(fā)nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴

顏色(colours):red紅blue藍yellow黃green綠white白black黑pink粉紅purple紫orange橙brown棕

動物(animals):cat貓dog狗pig豬duck鴨rabbit兔horse馬elephant大象ant螞蟻fish魚bird鳥eagle鷹beaver海貍snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊貓bear熊lion獅子tiger老虎fox狐貍zebra斑馬deer鹿giraffe長頸鹿goose鵝hen母雞turkey火雞lamb小羊sheep綿羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驢squid魷魚lobster龍蝦shark鯊魚seal海豹spermwhale抹香鯨killerwhale虎鯨

人物(people):friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母親father父親sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔;舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士;小姐mom媽媽dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother(外)祖母grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹son兒子daughter女兒baby嬰兒kid小孩classmate同學(xué)queen女王visitor參觀者neighbour鄰居principal校長universitystudent大學(xué)生penpal筆友tourist旅行者people人物robot機器人

職業(yè)(jobs):teacher教師student學(xué)生doctor醫(yī)生nurse護士driver司機farmer農(nóng)民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演員actress女演員artist畫家TVreporter電視臺記者engineer工程師accountant會計policeman(男)警察salesperson銷售員cleaner清潔工baseballplayer棒球運動員assistant售貨員police警察

食品,飲料(food&drink):rice米飯bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish魚tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hotdog熱狗hamburger漢堡包Frenchfries炸薯條cookie曲奇biscuit餅干jam果醬noodles面條meat肉chicken雞肉pork豬肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup湯ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可樂juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐

水果,蔬菜(fruit&vegetables):apple蘋果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子greenbeans青豆tomato西紅柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黃瓜onion洋蔥carrot胡蘿卜cabbage卷心菜

衣服(clothes):jacket夾克衫shirt襯衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress連衣裙jeans牛仔褲pants長褲socks襪子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短褲sneakers網(wǎng)球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals涼鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太陽鏡tie領(lǐng)帶scarf圍巾gloves手套trousers褲子cloth布

交通工具(vehicles):bike自行車bus公共汽車train火車boat小船ship輪船yacht快艇car小汽車taxi出租車jeep吉普車van小貨車;面包車plane/airplane飛機subway/underground地鐵motorcycle摩托車

雜物(otherthings):window窗戶door門desk課桌chair椅子bed床computer計算機board寫字板fan風(fēng)扇light燈teacher'sdesk講臺picture圖畫;照片wall墻壁floor地板curtain窗簾trashbin垃圾箱closet壁櫥mirror鏡子endtable床頭柜football/soccer足球present禮物walkman隨身聽lamp臺燈phone電話sofa沙發(fā)shelf書架fridge冰箱table桌子TV電視air-conditioner空調(diào)key鑰匙lock鎖photo照片chart圖表plate盤子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot鍋gift禮物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon氣球kite風(fēng)箏jigsawpuzzle拼圖游戲box盒子umbrella傘zipper拉鏈violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鳥窩hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜單e-card電子卡片e-mail電子郵件trafficlight交通燈money錢medicine藥

地點(locations):home家room房間bedroom臥室bathroom衛(wèi)生間livingroom起居室kitchen廚房classroom教室school學(xué)校park公園library圖書館postoffice郵局policeoffice警察局hospital醫(yī)院cinema電影院bookstore書店farm農(nóng)場zoo動物園garden花園study書房playground操場canteen食堂teacher'soffice教師辦公室library圖書館gym體育館washroom衛(wèi)生間artroom繪畫教室computerroom計算機教室musicroom音樂教室TVroom電視機房flat公寓company公司factory工廠fruitstand水果攤petshop寵物商店naturepark自然公園themepark主題公園sciencemuseum科學(xué)博物館theGreatWall長城supermarket超市bank銀行country國家village鄉(xiāng)村city城市hometown家鄉(xiāng)busstop公交車站

課程(classes):sports體育運動science科學(xué)MoralEducation思想品德課SocialStudies社會課Chinese語文math數(shù)學(xué)PE體育課English英語課

國家,城市(countries&cities):China/PRC中國America/USA美國UK聯(lián)合王國England英國Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亞NewYork紐約London倫敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo開羅

氣象(weather):cold寒冷的warm溫暖的cool涼爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎熱的rainy下雨的windy有風(fēng)的cloudy多云的weatherreport天氣預(yù)報

景物(nature):river河流lake湖泊stream河;溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge橋building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太陽mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind風(fēng)air空氣moon月亮

植物(plants):flower花grass草tree樹seed種子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf葉子

星期(week):Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末

月份(months):Jan.(January)一月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月

季節(jié)(seasons):spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬

方位(directions):south南north北east東west西left左邊right右邊

患病(illness):haveafever發(fā)燒haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼haveasorethroat喉嚨疼hurt疼痛

數(shù)詞(numbers):one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one/ahundredandthirty-six一百三十六first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六

形容詞(adj.):big大的small小的long長的tall高的short短的;矮的young年輕的old舊的;老的strong健壯的thin瘦的active積極活躍的quiet安靜的nice好看的kind和藹親切的strict嚴格的smart聰明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鮮的favourite最喜愛的clean干凈的tired疲勞的excited興奮的angry生氣的happy高興的bored無聊的sad憂愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更強壯的older年齡更大的younger更年輕的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更長的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy重的new新的fat胖的happy快樂的right對的hungry饑餓的cute逗人喜愛的little小的lovely可愛的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鮮艷的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂貴的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有幫助的high高的easy簡單的proud驕傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的

介詞(prep.):in在……里on在……上;在……時候under在……下面near在……的旁邊behind在……后邊nextto與……相鄰over在……上面infrontof在……前面

代詞(pron.):I我we我們you你;你們he他she她it它they他(她,它)們my我的our我們的your你的;你們的his他的her她的

動詞(v.):play(.ed)玩;踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飛jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)蕩eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡覺like像,喜歡have(had)有;吃turn轉(zhuǎn)彎buy(bought)買take(took)買;帶live居住teach(taught)教go(went)去study(studied)學(xué)習(xí)learn學(xué)習(xí)sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row劃do(did)做dohomework做作業(yè)dohousework做家務(wù)watchTV看電視read(read)books讀書cookthemeals做飯watertheflowers澆花sweep(swept)thefloor掃地cleanthebedroom打掃臥室make(made)thebed鋪床set(set)thetable擺飯桌washtheclothes洗衣服dothedishes洗碗碟useacomputer使用計算機domorningexercises晨練;做廣播操eatbreakfast吃早飯eatdinner吃晚飯gotoschool上學(xué)haveEnglis