北京中考英語綜合模擬測試卷含答案(整套)

【文庫獨家】2020北京市高級中等學(xué)校招生模擬考試英語(滿分:120分時間:120分鐘)聽力理解(共26分)(略)知識運用(共25分)四、單項填空(共13分,每小題1分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。22.ThelovelygirlisfromClass6.nameisAlice.

A.Her B.His C.Your D.Its23.—Isyourfatherhome?—No,hesworkinglatetheoffice.

A.on B.at C.of D.to24.Therewereonlytwopaintingsforsaleandhebought.

A.all B.any C.both D.some25.Letsforawalk,shallwe?

A.togo B.going C.go D.gone26.—WherewereyoulastSaturday?—IintheCapitalMuseum.

A.am B.willbe C.was D.havebeen27.—Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?—No,you.

A.shouldnt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt28.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch.

A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest29.—MayIspeaktotheheadmaster?—Heameetingnow.CanItakeamessage?

A.ishaving B.had C.has D.willhave30.Therearenobuses,youllhavetowalk.

A.so B.or C.but D.for31.—isthedictionary?

—Its$22.95.A.Howold B.Howlong C.Howthick D.Howmuch32.IMr.SmithsincehemovedtoShanghai.

A.didnthearfrom B.donthearfromC.wonthearfrom D.haventheardfrom33.Today,computersarereallyhelpful.Theyeverywhere.

A.use B.areused C.used D.wereused34.—Canyoutellmetheprize,Tom?

—Lastyear.A.whenyougot B.whendidyouget C.whenwillyouget D.whenyouwillget五、完形填空(共12分,每小題1分)閱讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇最佳選項。Severalweeksago,ourheadmaster,Mr.Gaudi,toldusthatourschoolhadbeenchosentocompeteonSmartAleck—agameshowwhichmybestfriendCarlaandIbothlove.Carlahasagoodimagination,andIknowalotofhistory,sowethoughtwedbegood35fortheteam.

Afewdayslater,Mr.Gaudiheldameetingwitheveryoneinterestedinthe36.HetoldusthatSmartAleckusesafive-memberteam.Healsosaidthatthreemorepeoplewouldbeneededasbackup(替補).Unluckily,fourtimesthatmanystudentswereatthemeeting.SoMr.Gaudisaidwewouldhavea37andthetopeightscorerswouldbecometheteamandthebackup.Everybodyagreedthatthiswasa38waytodecide.

Yesterday,allofthehopefulswenttothedininghallafterschool.Wewouldhavetodecidethestartingline-up(陣容).Mr.Gaudiactedasthehost.Afteracoupleofhours,allthe39ontheteamweresetexceptone.CarlaandI40forthatlastposition.Wehadtoholdaone-on-onecompetitionbetweenthetwoofus.Thewinnerwouldbeontheteamandtheloserwouldbethebackup.

Midwaythroughourtwo-personcompetition,Iwasstartingtopullahead.41IsawthelookonCarlasface.IwaitedforasecondandknewwhatIhadtodo.AsmuchasIwantedtobeonSmartAleck,Carlawanted42evenmore.So,startingwithmynextquestion,IheldbackandletCarla43,justbyalittlebit.Herexpressionasshe44shewouldbeontheshowmadeupformynotbeingontheteam.AndsinceIwillgoasbackup,Illstillhavethefunofseeingtheshowupclose.

WasI45bynottryingashardasIcould?Idontthinkso.Noonenoticed,andCarlaandIdidnt46it.ItwonthurttheteambecauseCarlawillbeaverygoodcompetitorontherealshow.Ithinkthatmakingmybestfriendhappywastherightthingtodo.

35.A.choices B.pairs C.leaders D.fans36.A.course B.work C.trip D.show37.A.direction B.discussion C.competition D.conversation38.A.special B.hard C.fair D.funny39.A.places B.rules C.names D.orders40.A.tied B.clapped C.cried D.returned41.A.Still B.Never C.Then D.Again42.A.us B.it C.me D.her43.A.wait B.turn C.move D.win44.A.accepted B.realized C.considered D.decided45.A.coming B.refusing C.helping D.cheating46.A.mean B.plan C.regret D.say閱讀理解(共44分)六、閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇最佳選項。(共26分,每小題2分)AJoinUsforaDayatSunValleyAmusementPark

Childrenaged10to14areinvitedtotakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer”atSunValleyAmusementPark,themostpopularamusementparkontheEastCoast.SunValleyhasmorethan80amusementrides.Forsportslovers,therearebasketballcourts,anindoorbaseballfield,andclimbingwalls.

Noamusementparkwouldbecompletewithoutagiftshop.SunValleyhastwo.

Youwontwanttomissoutonthisdayoffun.JoinusatSunValleyAmusementParkonJuly14.Register(登記)early.

●Thecostofthetripis$25.Thisincludesticketsandallrides.

●Wesuggestthatallchildrenbringlunch.

●Busesleaveat9:00AMandreturnat5:00PM.

●RainDate:Wednesday,July16.

RegisterattheChildrensRecreationCenterattheTownHallbyJuly3.

Aone-dayregistrationwillalsobeheldonJuly1attheBrownSchool.

Formoreinformation,callJaneParksat555-7267.47.Whocantakepartinthe“EventoftheSummer”?A.Childrenunder5. B.Childrenover16.C.Childrenaged10-14. D.Childrenaged5-9.48.Thechildrenhadbetterbring.

A.abasketball B.lunch C.agift D.gloves49.WhencanchildrenregisterattheBrownSchool?A.OnJuly1. B.OnJuly3. C.OnJuly14. D.OnJuly16.BStreetPingPong—Ping!Doyouliketabletennis?IfyouhadtravelledtocitiesintheUKlikeLondonorBirminghamlastsummer,youmighthaveseenoneofthedozensoffreetablesthatwerethereaspartofaproject(項目)calledPing!.WhatisPing!?Ping!isathree-yeartabletennisproject.Ithasbeenrunningsince2010andthisyear,2012,isthefinalyear.TheideaistoputfreetabletennistablesineightdifferenttownsintheUKforfourweeksduringthesummer.Eachtablecomeswithitsownbatsandballsandisfreetoplay.Youcanfindthetablesoutdoors.WhatdoesPing!hopetoachieve?ItwouldbegreatifPing!helpedfindanewOlympictabletennisstarbutwhatPing!reallyhopestoachieveisjusttogetpeopleplayingandhavingfuntogether.“Puttingapingpongtableonthestreetgivespeopleachancetoconnectwithotherpeople,”saidMeeraSodha,Ping!ProjectManager.OneofthetownsthattookpartintheprojectwasHull,acityinEngland.Forty-fivetableswereputintothecity.JakobAdamski,anESOLstudentlearningEnglish,said,“Ireallyenjoyedplayingtabletennisinthepark.ItwasalsoagoodwayformetopractisemyEnglishandmeetpeople.”50.WhendidthePing!projectstart?A.Lastsummer. B.Lastwinter. C.In2010. D.In2012.51.WhatsthePing!project?A.Choosingtabletennisstars.B.Holdingtabletennismatches.C.Teachingpeoplehowtoplaytabletennis.D.Puttingfreetabletennistablesinsometowns.52.ThepurposeofthePing!projectis.

A.tohelppeoplepractiseEnglishB.toinvitepeopletovisittheUKcitiesC.togetpeopletoplayandhavefuntogetherD.toencouragepeopletotakepartinthe2012OlympicsCTherightnameisimportantinthebusinessworld.Allyouhavetodoisthinkofthenamesforsomeoftheproductsyoubuyeverydayandyoullagreethatthenameandtheproductareconnectedineveryonesmind.Inmanycountries,successfultradeorbrandnamesareprotectedbylaw.Thisissothatothercompaniescannotmakeaproductthatlookslikeanother.Peoplemightthinkthattheywerebuyingoneproductand,infact,bebuyingsomethingdifferent.Businessesregisteracompanyoraproductnamewiththegovernment.Infact,morethan1,000productandcompanynamesareregisteredeveryhour.Manycompaniesspendalotofmoneytofindtherightnamefortheirproducts.Agoodexampleofthisisinthecarindustry.Somesuccessfulnamesforcarshavepowerfulassociations(聯(lián)系).TheFordMustangandtheJaguarareonlytwoexamplesofchoosingthenamesofanimalsthatarefastandstrong.WhenaU.S.companydecidestosellitsproductinanothercountry,ithastomakesurethattheproductnametranslatesproperly.WhenCoca-ColaintroduceditssoftdrinktoChina,1Bitlookedfortherightname.Itwantedanamethatwoulddotwothings.Onewastopresentitsimage(形象)inChineseandthesecondwastobeclosetoitsfirstbrandname—Coke.Ittooksomeeffortsbeforefindingtherightword—whichsoundssimilarandtranslatesas“happinessinthemouth”.AsiancompanynamesarenotnewtotheUnitedStates.ThebrandnamesofSamsungandSonyhavebeensuccessful.Findingtherightbrandnameisabigbusiness.Asiancompaniesthatselltoforeignmarketspaytofindanamethatwillconnectwithitscustomers.Thereareevennamingcompaniesthatspecializeininventingproductnames.Thesecompaniescancharge(要價)upto$100,000awordfortheircreations.Butitsworthit.Successfulcompaniesknowhowimportanttherightbrandnamesarefortheirdevelopment.53.Whyaretradenamesprotectedbylawinmanycountries?A.Tomakecompaniespayfornamingservice.B.Tohelppeoplechoosethebestproducts.C.Topresentgoodimagesoftheproducts.D.Topreventproductsfrombeingcopied.54.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manycompaniescareaboutthecostoffindingtherightnames.B.Creativetradenamescanhelpcompaniestohavealargersale.C.Thegovernmentoftendoesbusinesswithnamingcompanies.D.Itisconsiderednecessaryforcarstobenamedafteranimals.55.Whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBusinessofNames B.TheDevelopmentofNamesC.TheRulesofNamingBusiness D.TheMethodsofChoosingNamesDReadingOliverJamesAffluenza,Ithoughtaboutwhatoftenhappensathome.My12-year-olddaughterisintears.“Ihavetotakeatesttomorrow.Idontunderstandanyofit,”shecriesout.Aftershoutingandshuttingherdoor,shecalmsdownenoughtogothroughhernotes.ThefollowingdayIaskherhowthetestwentandshejustsays“OK.Igotanine.”“Wow,welldone!”Isay,beforeshefinisheswith“ButInevergetaten!”AccordingtoJames,thisobsessionwithgettingtopmarkshasbeenabaddevelopment,whichencouragespeopletothinkofeducationintermsofworkandmoney.Totestthis,Iaskedmydaughterwhyshewassoworriedabouthertests.ShelookedatmeasifIwasthick.“Well,ifIdontgetgoodgrades,Iwontgetintouniversity.ThenIprobablywontgetagoodjobandIwontbeabletoaffordnicethingslikeacarandstuff.”Iwasquitesurprised,becauseIdontconsidermyselfapushyparent.ButJamessuggestsshowinganyinterestingradessendsthemessagethatwhatisimportantisresultsanditleavesstudentsfeelingfailureseveniftheyareverybright.HepointstotheDanishsystem(體制)ofeducationasabettermodel.Creatinghappycitizenswhohavegoodsocialskillsisseenasmoreimportantthanhighachievementsatschoolortheneedsofbusiness.Forme,IcannotrememberthelasttimeIhadtoworkouttheareaofacircle,reciteaShakespearepoemorgrammarrules,yetIhavelivedahappylife.WhatIreallyneededtolearnatschoolwashowtomakepoliteconversations,orhowtoavoidgettingintodebtorhowtodevelopgoodpersonality.ThisisinfactsimilartowhatOliverJamesreallyhasinmind.Andheislookingforschoolswherestudentsareencouragedtofindandfollowtheirowninterests,somethingmorelikeTongjon.TongjonhasbeendevelopedinsomeKoreanprivateschools.ItisquitedifferentfromthemorerigidsystemoflearningthingsbyheartthatisusedinKorea,andindeedinmanyotherschoolsystemsaroundtheworld.AstheRussianpoetPushkinsaid,“Inspiration(靈感)isneededingeometry(幾何學(xué))justasmuchasinpoetry”,andinspirationdoesnotcomefromendlesslyrevisingfortestsorgettingworriedaboutthem.56.Whatdoesthewriterprobablythinkofhis/herdaughter?A.Shesetsherselfagoaltoohightoreach.B.Sheshouldbemorepolitetoherparents.C.Sheishard-workingbutnotverybright.D.Shetakeshergradesmuchtooseriously.57.Whatdoestheword“obsession”inParagraph3mean?A.Aplainandunavoidablefact. B.Asatisfiedandveryproudstate.C.Apracticalandwidely-usedway. D.Afixedandoftenunreasonableidea.58.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Socialskillsareasimportantashighgrades.B.Interestingradescanshakeself-confidence.C.Thewriterregretsnothavingstudiedhardatschool.D.Danisheducationalsystemisforverysmartstudents.59.Thewriterwantstotellusthat.

A.learninghappilyisthekeytoself-developmentB.topmarksmaybehelpfultoincreaseonesinterestC.testsshouldbeimprovedtogivechildreninspirationD.educationshouldmeetonesneedsforworkandmoney七、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的五個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。(共8分,每小題2分)TheLivingMachineDr.JackToddisveryinterestedincleanwater.60,soitsnaturalthatheisthedeveloperofasmallandaffordablesystem(系統(tǒng))tocleanwastewater.His“LivingMachine”cancleanwastewaterinyourhomeorinyourbusiness.

61.Thewastewatergoesintoabigplastictankwherebacteria(細菌)starttobreakdownthewaste.Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreenhousefilledwithplantsandfish.Withthehelpofsunlight,theplantsandanimalsremovemorechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner.Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing.62,butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflowers,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.

Theadvantageofthistechnologyisthatitisaffordableandgoodfortheenvironment.63,itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpkeepthewatersupplyunpolluted.

A.Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines”B.PeopleliketoplanttreesaroundtheirhousesC.HeisalsointerestedinsavingmoneyD.ItcannotbeusedfordrinkingorcookingE.The“LivingMachine”isasystemforcleaningwastewater八、閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。(共10分,每小題2分)Everyyear,wildfires(野火)destroymuchforestland.Homesarebrokendown,andthousandsofpeopledie.Smokejumpersarehelpingtostopthis.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.Theyjumpfromplanesintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreading.Usingbasictoolssuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablemateriallikeplantsandotherdrymaterial.Theycarrywaterwiththemtoo,butnotmuch.Althoughmostofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourheightandweight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.,forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydontgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.Smokejumpersmustalsobeabletoliveinthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Theworkisdangerous,andthehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisntjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumperAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.”64.Whataresmokejumpers?

65.Wheredotheyjumpfrom?

66.Whatstheirmaingoal?

67.Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?

68.Whatsneededtobeasmokejumper?

書面表達(共25分)九、完成句子(共10分,每小題2分)根據(jù)中文意思完成句子。69.很抱歉我沒能參加你的生日晚會。formissingyourbirthdayparty.

70.你在課余時間喜歡讀書嗎?Doyouinyoursparetime?

71.杰克會和同學(xué)們相處得很好。Jackwillhisclassmates.

72.這個演講非常精彩,我們都聽得很認真。Thespeechwealllistenedcarefully.

73.他們很難在這么短的時間內(nèi)想出新的辦法。anewwayinsuchashorttime.

十、文段表達(15分)根據(jù)中文大意和英文提示詞語,寫出意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于60詞的短文。所給英文提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。74.生活中每個人都有過與他人分享的體驗,如分享一本有趣的書、一段難忘的經(jīng)歷、一個閃光的想法……現(xiàn)在,某英文報紙就分享(Sharing)話題征文,請你投稿。描述一次你與他人分享的經(jīng)歷,并談?wù)勀愕母惺堋Ｌ崾驹~語:share...with...;experience;interest;learn;change;encourage;enjoy;happiness;confident

知識運用四、單項填空22.A句意:這個可愛的女孩來自6班。她的名字是Alice。本題考查物主代詞。her她的;his他的;your你的,你們的;its它的。根據(jù)語境中的girl一詞可知答案為A項。23.B句意:——你爸爸在家嗎?——不在,他正在辦公室熬夜工作。本題考查介詞。on在……上面,關(guān)于;at在某處;of……的;to到某處去。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項。評析本題考查介詞的用法,出題點有別于以往北京中考考點。往年對介詞的考查雖然也集中于at,on,in,但多以三者表達時間的區(qū)別為主,2012年則考查了介詞短語作地點狀語的用法。24.C句意:只有兩幅畫出售,他都買下了。本題考查不定代詞的用法。all都(三者或三者以上);any任何(三者或三者以上);both都(兩者);some一些。根據(jù)語境中的two可知前提為兩者,故答案為C項。評析本題考查不定代詞。這類詞中有關(guān)“兩者”和“三者”全肯定、全否定、選其一的用法是初中英語語法的難點之一。往年北京中考對不定代詞的考查難度最大只限于other系列詞,2012年中考在不定代詞的考查難度上又提升了一個檔次。25.C句意:咱們?nèi)ド⒉?好嗎?本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。動詞let后接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,即letsb.dosth.,意為“讓某人做某事”,故答案為C項。評析北京市中考語法選擇題中通常有兩道題考查非謂語動詞,一題考查動詞不定式,如asksb.todosth.;另一題考查動名詞,如enjoydoing或finishdoing。2012年語法題僅有一題考查非謂語動詞,考查點則是動詞不定式的特殊用法(省略to),由此可見“語法題量減少,難度增加”是事實。此外,letsb.do這個結(jié)構(gòu)以往更常出現(xiàn)在非選擇題的“完成句子”題型中。26.C句意:——上周六你在哪兒?——我在首都博物館。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境中的lastSaturday“上周六”可知該句應(yīng)為一般過去時,故答案為C項。27.D句意:——媽媽,我必須現(xiàn)在洗碗嗎?——不,不必。本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。shouldnt不應(yīng)該;wouldnt不愿意;mustnt不可以;neednt不必。根據(jù)句意可知答案應(yīng)為D項。28.B句意:這學(xué)期我學(xué)習(xí)很努力,但是Peter更努力。本題考查副詞的比較級。hard原級;harder比較級;hardest和thehardest均為最高級。語境中只出現(xiàn)兩者相比較(I與Peter),應(yīng)該用比較級,此外much常用來修飾比較級,故答案為B。評析本題考查副詞的比較級,與往年相比提示詞不明顯,難度略有增加。此外就選項設(shè)置而言,副詞的最高級前可帶the,也可以省略the,因此選項C和D其實一樣。29.A句意:——我可以跟校長通話嗎?——他現(xiàn)在正在開會,我可以帶個口信嗎?本題考查動詞時態(tài)。ishaving現(xiàn)在進行時;had一般過去時;has一般現(xiàn)在時;willhave一般將來時。根據(jù)語境中的now可知本題應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進行時,故答案為A項。30.A句意:沒有公共汽車,因此你得步行。本題考查連詞的辨析。so因此;or或者,否則;but但是;for為了,由于。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A。評析2012年中考對連詞的考查較以往靠后,往年對于連詞的考查通常在語法考題的前五題范圍內(nèi)。此外往年的連詞題選項設(shè)置通常為and,but,or,so,而2012年中考去掉了最常見的and選項,換上了不?？嫉倪B詞for,說明語法題難度增大。31.D句意:——這本詞典多少錢?——22.95美元。本題考查特殊疑問詞組的辨析。howold多大年齡;howlong多長時間;howthick多厚;howmuch多少錢、多少(指不可數(shù)名詞的量)。根據(jù)語境中的22.95美元可知答案為D。評析本題考查how系列的特殊疑問詞組,往年考點多見howold,howlong,howmuch,howoften,間或有howmany,howfar,2012年卻出現(xiàn)了howthick,由此可見出題者在刻意加大語法考查難度。32.D句意:自從史密斯先生搬去上海我就再也沒有收到過他的來信。本題考查動詞時態(tài)辨析。didnthearfrom一般過去時;donthearfrom一般現(xiàn)在時;wonthearfrom一般將來時;haventheardfrom現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)題中since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可知主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,故答案為D。評析2012年北京中考語法考查由2011年的15分減少為13分,以往比重較大的動詞時態(tài)辨析題也相應(yīng)減少,只出現(xiàn)了3道題,即第26題一般過去時、第29題現(xiàn)在進行時和本題現(xiàn)在完成時。33.B句意:電腦真的非常有幫助,現(xiàn)在到處都在使用電腦。本題考查動詞的被動語態(tài)。題中的They指代上句中的computers,與動詞use之間形成被動關(guān)系,故排除A、C;題中的Today為一般現(xiàn)在時的標(biāo)志,一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/are+動詞的過去分詞,選項B符合此要求,故答案選B。評析動詞的被動語態(tài)是北京市中考?？键c,每年必考,出題位置通常是語法倒數(shù)第2題(有交際用語考點時曾位于倒數(shù)第3題),在賓語從句考點之前。今年依然如此。此外被動語態(tài)考查點多以一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時為主,2012年很多區(qū)縣在模擬時預(yù)測了一般將來時的被動語態(tài),而最終考查點依然是一般現(xiàn)在時,說明命題人沒有在此點上加大難度。34.A句意:——Tom,能告訴我你何時獲的獎嗎?——去年。本題考查賓語從句。根據(jù)賓語從句語序進行判斷,選項A和D符合;又根據(jù)答語中的時間狀語Lastyear可知時態(tài)為一般過去時,選項A符合此項要求,故答案為A。評析本題考查賓語從句。往年北京市中考語法考題中通常有兩道題考從句,一是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句(或when/assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句),考查點為“主將從現(xiàn)”;另一個則是賓語從句。2012年中考語法題減量之后僅考查了賓語從句,可見賓語從句是初中英語?？键c、必考點,其位置亦保持不變,居于語法題最后一題。五、完形填空[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。學(xué)校選拔學(xué)生參加SmartAleck競賽節(jié)目(類似北京電視臺的《SK狀元榜》,編者注),作者和好朋友Carla都想?yún)⒓?但名額有限,競爭激烈。最后的關(guān)鍵時刻作者不為人察覺地做出讓步,將機會給了Carla。畢竟,朋友的笑臉比比賽結(jié)果更重要。35.Achoice選擇;pair對,雙;leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者;fan粉絲。根據(jù)本段描述,作者和好朋友都想?yún)⒓哟斯?jié)目,兩人各有所長,都認為自己會是參賽隊員的極佳人選,故選A。(注意:選項pairs形成很強干擾,若兩人結(jié)對,應(yīng)為一對,pair應(yīng)為單數(shù),因此可排除。)36.Dcourse課程;work工作;trip旅行;show節(jié)目,表演。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知學(xué)校被選中參加的是agameshow,故答案為D項。37.Cdirection方向;discussion討論;competition比賽,競賽;conversation對話。本段前四句提到組隊只需要正式隊員5人加替補隊員3人,而報名者卻多達四倍,因此只能以競賽的方式選拔,故答案為C項。38.Cspecial特別的;hard困難的;fair公平的;funny可笑的。從眾多的報名者中選拔隊員,競賽是大家公認的最公平的方式,故答案為C項。39.Aplace位置;rule規(guī)則;name名字;order命令。下一句中的thatlastposition表明其他位置均已確定,position與place在此處為同義詞,因此A項為正確答案。40.Atie打成平局,得分相同;clap鼓掌;cry哭喊;return歸還。最后一個位置的爭奪戰(zhàn)在兩個好朋友之間展開,兩人勢均力敵,故答案為A項。41.Cstill仍然;never從未;then然后;again又,再。作者在領(lǐng)先之后注意到好朋友Carla的表情,故答案為C項。42.B根據(jù)句意“Carla比我更想得到(這個位置/這個機會)”可知此處需要的人稱代詞應(yīng)該代替前半句中的動詞不定式短語tobeonSmartAleck,四個選項中只有it有此功能,故選B。43.Dwait等候;turn轉(zhuǎn)彎;move移動;win獲勝。作者有意退讓一小步,以便讓好朋友Carla贏得比賽,故答案為D項。44.Baccept接受;realize意識到;consider思索;decide決定。Carla意識到自己獲得了參加SmartAleck節(jié)目的寶貴機會,十分激動。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項。45.Dcome來;refuse拒絕;help幫助;cheat欺騙。結(jié)合上文可以看出作者在選拔賽中本可以獲勝,卻故意輸給了Carla,還不讓對方知曉自己在這么做(否則會傷害到對方的自尊心),這是不是在比賽中欺騙對手呢?據(jù)此可知答案應(yīng)為D項。46.Bmean意味著;plan計劃,謀劃;regret遺憾;say說。本句的主語是CarlaandI,句式為否定,即選拔賽的過程不是兩人事先謀劃好的,故答案選B。[長難句]Severalweeksago,ourheadmaster,Mr.Gaudi,toldusthatourschoolhadbeenchosentocompeteonSmartAleck—agameshowwhichmybestfriendCarlaandIbothlove.幾周前我們的校長高迪先生告訴我們說我們學(xué)校被選中參加SmartAleck競賽節(jié)目,這是我和好朋友Carla都喜愛的節(jié)目。本句中出現(xiàn)三組同位語,即ourheadmaster和Mr.Gaudi;SmartAleck和agameshow;mybestfriend和Carla。另外還出現(xiàn)兩個從句,一個是toldus后面that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,另一個是which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句。評析與往年完形填空題相比,2012年北京市中考完形填空難度相對較大,這一點從代詞的考查方向就可看出。以往完形填空中的考查代詞的題較為容易,通常指代故事中的人物,指代清晰,容易選擇,可歸為較易題;而2012年完形填空的第42題卻考查了it指代動詞不定式的用法,這在中考完形填空題中較為罕見。另外往年完形填空側(cè)重動詞辨析,名詞辨析只有1~2題,2012年名詞辨析卻有4道題(第35、36、37、39題),幾乎與動詞辨析平分秋色(動詞辨析共5道題,分別是第40、43、44、45、46題),考生應(yīng)當(dāng)多加注意。閱讀理解六、A[語篇解讀]本文是一則通知形式的應(yīng)用文,內(nèi)容是邀請10到14歲的孩子去“太陽谷”娛樂園參加活動,同時提出了一些注意事項,如票價、午餐及出發(fā)時間等。47.C細節(jié)理解題。正文第一句即提到孩子年齡應(yīng)在10到14歲之間,故選C。48.B細節(jié)理解題。注意事項第二條建議孩子自帶午飯,故選B。49.A細節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二句提到7月1日可在BrownSchool登記報名,故選A。評析北京市中考閱讀選擇題的一貫特點是A篇通常為應(yīng)用文,題目設(shè)置較易,多為細節(jié)理解題,本文亦不例外。B[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文,介紹了一個名為“Ping!”的大眾體育項目,地點是在一些英國城市街頭,時間從2010年至2012年?；顒影l(fā)起者在街頭設(shè)置乒乓球桌,并提供球拍和球供人們免費使用,目的是讓人們共同享受體育運動帶來的快樂。50.C細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句中提到該項目始于2010年,故答案為C。51.D細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第三句解釋了“Ping!”這個項目的內(nèi)容,即“夏季在英國八個城鎮(zhèn)設(shè)置四個星期的免費乒乓球桌”,故答案為D。52.C細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第一句提到“Ping!”這個項目的目的是希望大家一起運動、一起開心,故答案為C。評析作為中考閱讀的B篇,本文篇幅不短,但題目設(shè)置全是細節(jié)理解題,無疑降低了本篇閱讀的難度。此外文章題材涉及即將開幕的倫敦奧運會,很有時代感。C[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文,闡述了商品名稱的重要性。要想在商戰(zhàn)中取得輝煌勝利,不論是在國內(nèi)市場,還是在海外市場,商品的名字都至關(guān)重要。有些公司為此不惜斥巨資以求之,結(jié)果證明高投入帶來高回報。好名字,你值得擁有。53.D推理判斷題。文章第二段第二句解釋了各國立法保護著名商標(biāo)(商品名稱)的原因,即“從而其他公司便不能制造外表類似的商品”,由此可以推斷這樣做是為了“防止商品被仿冒”,因此答案為D。54.B推理判斷題。文章第三段最后三句提到“有的起名公司會為一個有創(chuàng)意的商品名稱每個字要價10萬美元,而這都是值得的。成功的公司都知道擁有合適的商品名稱對于公司的發(fā)展有多么重要?！庇纱俗C明“有創(chuàng)意的商品名稱能夠幫助公司實現(xiàn)更大盈利”,故選項B為正確答案。55.A主旨大意題。綜合全文可知,本文旨在闡述商品名稱對于商業(yè)貿(mào)易的重要性,因此文章題目應(yīng)包含兩個關(guān)鍵詞,一是“商品名稱”,一是“商業(yè)貿(mào)易”,因此可排除B項和D項,因為兩者都未提到商業(yè)貿(mào)易;C意為“公司起名的規(guī)則”,顯然不符合文章主題;只有A項含有兩個關(guān)鍵詞,故答案為A。評析本文以商戰(zhàn)為背景,取材頗有時代感?？忌谧鲱}的同時也應(yīng)體會到語言“學(xué)以致用”的重要性。能熟練掌握多種語言,并能自如地進行轉(zhuǎn)換的學(xué)子,在未來職場和商場都將立于不敗之地,也許這才是命題者真正的意圖。D[語篇解讀]本文是一篇議論文,旨在討論教育的真正目的和意義?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生執(zhí)意追求高分數(shù),并認為受教育的最終目的就是為了找到好工作、掙大錢,作者自己的女兒也不例外。作者本人顯然不認可這種想法,以丹麥教育體制為例,提倡教育應(yīng)以興趣為引導(dǎo)方向,以培養(yǎng)快樂、有教養(yǎng)、懂規(guī)則的公民為目標(biāo)。一味追求高分數(shù)則會導(dǎo)致孩子喪失人生自信,從小就成了失敗者。56.D推理判斷題。文章第一段提到作者的女兒對即將到來的考試有多么焦慮:“明天就要考試了,我還什么都不懂呢?！倍聦嵶C明她考試成績不錯,并非真的什么都不懂——小女孩的焦慮源自她對分數(shù)的過分追求,即“她把分數(shù)看得太重了”,由此可以排除其他選項,確定答案為D。57.D猜測詞義題。畫線詞obsession之后的介詞短語withgettingtopmarks表明本詞與“追求高分數(shù)”有關(guān),再聯(lián)系上文中作者女兒考試前的焦慮,以及她考到9分(接近滿分)仍不滿足,可以推測obsession是對某種事物瘋狂追求的心態(tài),詞義應(yīng)為貶義,由此可以排除B項和C項;A項意為“顯而易見、不可避免的事實”,指obsession是一種客觀現(xiàn)象,而根據(jù)上下文可知obsession應(yīng)為個人的主觀意愿,因此A項被排除,答案為D。58.B推理判斷題。文章第四段第二句提到“對于分數(shù)的興趣會傳達這樣一個信息,即結(jié)果最重要,而這種思想將使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生挫敗感,即使聰明的學(xué)生也不例外?！庇纱丝梢酝茢鄬Ψ謹?shù)的過分關(guān)注會動搖學(xué)生的自信心,據(jù)此排除C項和D項;A項說“社交技巧和高分同等重要”,這顯然有悖于作者的觀點,第四段最后一句表明作者認為前者比后者重要,A項因此也被排除。故答案為B項。59.A主旨大意題。文章第五段中作者現(xiàn)身說法,以自身經(jīng)歷證明在學(xué)校學(xué)到的文理知識并不重要,真正重要的是學(xué)會如何做一個有教養(yǎng)、會生活的快樂公民;結(jié)合文章前四段的描述和評論,可以看出作者的觀點是:對一個學(xué)習(xí)者而言,興趣是最好的導(dǎo)師,快樂是學(xué)習(xí)的目的。B項和C項都在提分數(shù)和考試的重要性,顯然不是作者的觀點,D項說教育的目的是為了工作和金錢,這更是作者極力反對的,因此答案為A項。[長難句]ButJamessuggestsshowinganyinterestingradessendsthemessagethatwhatisimportantisresultsanditleavesstudentsfeelingfailureseveniftheyareverybright.但是詹姆斯認為對于分數(shù)的興趣會傳達這樣一個信息,即結(jié)果最重要,而這種思想將使學(xué)生有挫敗感,即使聰明的學(xué)生也不例外。此句句式結(jié)構(gòu)頗為復(fù)雜,整體上這是一個主從復(fù)合句,謂語動詞suggests后接一個賓語從句,其主語是動名詞短語showinganyinterestingrades;此賓語從句中又含有一個that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,用來解釋message的內(nèi)容;而and后的并列分句中含有一個由evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。評析此文的選材極富現(xiàn)實意義,傳達了命題人對教育現(xiàn)狀的思考。文章長度符合以往北京中考D篇特點,生詞量不低于3%。還有些詞看起來雖不陌生,卻具有非常陌生的用法,比如第三段第三句ShelookedatmeasifIwasthick,句中的thick一詞一度被考生認為是sick的錯拼,其實不然,麥克米倫高階詞典第1490頁關(guān)于thick的第7個詞條解釋如下:“(informal)stupid”,即“(非正式用法)愚蠢的”。這種“熟詞生義”是否會成為閱讀題中的常態(tài),值得引起考生注意。日常學(xué)習(xí)中要勤用詞典,多積累單詞的含義及用法,方能有備無患。七、[語篇解讀]本文是一篇以環(huán)保為主題的說明文,介紹了一種新型的廢水凈化系統(tǒng)——LivingMachine,此方法利用微生物和動植物進行污水處理,既簡單又經(jīng)濟,有著很好的應(yīng)用前景。60.C新型廢水凈化系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者特德博士不但對凈水感興趣,“也對省錢感興趣”,這才催生了此項經(jīng)濟型廢水凈化系統(tǒng)。故答案選C。61.E第一段末尾提到了“LivingMachine”,第二段開始應(yīng)對此進行解釋,即“LivingMachine是一種廢水凈化系統(tǒng)”,因此答案選E。62.D設(shè)空處