(19-23)五年中考英語真題分項匯編專題06 閱讀理解之說明文（含解析）

資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪：向陽百分百】專題06閱讀理解之說明文（2023·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Diagram(圖表)orSurveyResult①AI(artificialintelligence人工智能)andmachinelearningrefertotheabilityofmachinestolearnandactintelligently.Itmeanstheycanmakedecisions,finishtasks,andeventellthepossiblefutureresultsbasedonwhattheylearnfromdata(數(shù)據(jù)).②AIandmachinelearningalreadyplayabiggerroleineverydaylifethanyoumightimagine.Healthcare,banking,videogames,everysearchontheInternetyoumake...,allaredrivenbyAI.③AIisgoingtochangealmosteveryfieldofmodemlife.StephenHawkingsaid,“SuccessincreatingAIwouldbethebiggesteventinhumanhistory.”AndHawkingaddedatonce,“Unluckily,itmightalsobethelast,unlesswelearnhowtoavoidtherisks.”④▲,especiallywhenyouconsidersomecountriesareracingtodevelopAI-enabledautonomousweapons(人工智能自主武器).Itisalsogoingtochangeandtaketheplaceofmanyhumanjobs.Thesameworriesalsocomefromthepublic.AccordingtothesurveyresultfromCentrefortheGovernanceofAI,91%ofthepeople(tendtoandtotally)agreethat“AIisatechnologythatrequirescarefulmanagement”inEurope.⑤Butratherthanagreeingwithanideaofahelplessfuturewhereallhumanjobsaregivenovertorobots,somepeoplebelieveAIwillmakeonworkinglivesbetter.Itwillimprovetheworkofhumans,andnewjobswillappeartotaketheplaceoftheoldones.⑥What’smore,machinesbecomemoreintelligentandtheyareabletofinishmorehumantasks.Thingswhichonlybelongtohumansliecreativityandcritical(批判性的)thinking,willbecomeevenmorevaluableinthefuture.⑦Likeitornot,AIishere.Maybechangingourselvesandmanagingitwellarethebestwayout.JustasBenjaminFranklinoncesaid,“Whenyou’refinishedchanging,you’refinished.”1．Whichparagraphdoesthediagrammainlysupport?A．② B．③ C．④ D．⑤2．Whichsentencecanbeputinthe▲?A．Asweknow,therearepossiblehugerisksforsocietyandhumanlifeB．Also,youcanfindAIservingourdailylifeineverypossiblefieldC．Withoutdoubt,AIisafantastictechnologytoleadusintothefutureD．HumansatesurelymorecreativeandbetteratmanythingsthanAI3．What’sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TowarnusthatAIwilltakehumans’place.B．ToshowusthattherearealotofusesofAI.C．TotellusthatmanypeopleareworriedaboutAI.D．TosuggestweprepareforthechangesbroughtbyAI.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A．B．C． D．【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了人工智能在生活中的用處以及人們的擔(dān)心，建議為人工智能帶來的變化做好準備。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtothesurveyresultfromCentrefortheGovernanceofAI,91%ofthepeople(tendtoandtotally)agreethat‘AIisatechnologythatrequirescarefulmanagement’inEurope.”可知根據(jù)人工智能治理中心的調(diào)查結(jié)果，91%的人（傾向于并且完全）同意歐洲“人工智能是一種需要謹慎管理的技術(shù)”，故圖表支持第四段的內(nèi)容。故選C。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“especiallywhenyouconsidersomecountriesareracingtodevelopAI-enabledautonomousweapons”以及“Thesameworriesalsocomefromthepublic”可知當(dāng)你考慮到一些國家正在競相開發(fā)人工智能自主武器時，人類可能會面臨危險，選項A“正如我們所知，社會和人類生活可能面臨巨大風(fēng)險”放于此處。故選A。3．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能在生活中的用處以及人們的擔(dān)心，建議為人工智能帶來的變化做好準備。故選D。4．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出了人工智能的話題；第二段介紹了人工智能在生活中的運用；第三段和第四段表明人工智能是一種需要謹慎管理的技術(shù)；第五段和第六段介紹了一些人支持人工智能的原因；第七段進行總結(jié)。故選項D符合文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。（2023·浙江麗水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Seagrass,anunderwaterplantthatgrowsontheoceanfloor,isveryimportantforsealife.Italsohelpspreventglobalwarmingbystoringcarbon,aharmfulgas.However,scientistsdon’tknowexactlyhowmuchseagrassisatthebottomoftheocean.Withthehelpoftigersharks,ateamofresearchershasdiscoveredtheworld’slargestseagrassmeadow（grassland）ontheseafloorneartheBahamas.Seagrassmeadowsarehometomanydifferentkindsoffish,shellfish,andsoon.Largeseaanimals,suchassharks,alsospendalotoftimetherelookingforfood.Seagrasscangrowinverydeepanddarkwaters,makingitdifficulttofind.Butsharkscandivedeepintothewaterandgettotheareaspeoplecannotreach.AfternoticingtigersharksswimmingthroughseagrassofftheBahamas,anAmericanscientistworkedwithaseagrassexpert,tryingtomapthelocationsoftheplants.Theresearchersfittedseventigersharkswithcameras.Sincetigersharksswimingroups,theyplacedsatellitetrackingtags（衛(wèi)星跟蹤器）oneightothersharkstofindoutexactlywheretheanimalsswam.Theycollectedhoursofvideosofthetigersharksswimmingthroughseagrass.TheresearchersfoundmoreseagrassgrowingneartheBahamasthantheyexpected—infact,theybelievethatthereismoreseagrasstherethananywhereelseonEarth.Thenewfindingincreasedthetotalnumberofseagrassknowntoexistby41%.However,moreresearchisneededtodiscoverthetruesizeoftheseagrassmeadow.Scientistsoftendependonfindingsfromdiversandboatstostudyabouttheunderwaterworld,butthisteamfoundthatworkingwithanimalsimprovedtheirunderstanding.TheyarenowplacingcamerasonseaturtlestostudyseagrassintheRedSea.Hopefully,moremysteriesaboutseagrasswillbesolved.5．Whatarethescientistsstudyingaccordingtothepassage?A．Sharks. B．TheBahamas. C．Seagrass. D．TheRedSea.6．Whichitalic（斜體）wordhasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedword“map”inParagraph3?A．IsthereamapofChinaintheclassroom?B．Amymappedoutherplansonthenewproject.C．ItistheWestlakethatreallyputsHangzhouonthemap.D．Thepolicehavesuccessfullymappedwherethemissingboyis.7．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Thereasonforthestudy. B．Themethodtodotheresearch.C．Thefindingoftheresearch. D．Thedifficultyincarryingoutthestudy.8．Whydoesthewriterwritethepassage?A．Totelltheimportanceofsavingseagrass.B．Toexpressthestronglovefortigersharks.C．Toshareanewwayofdoingundersearesearch.D．Tointroduceaspecialprojectonglobalwarming.【答案】5．C6．D7．C8．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了海草的重要性以及科學(xué)家如何利用虎鯊進行海底研究，以及他們在巴哈馬發(fā)現(xiàn)的世界最大的海草草地，這種創(chuàng)新的研究方法有利于增加人類對海底世界的了解。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Withthehelpoftigersharks,ateamofresearchershasdiscoveredtheworld’slargestseagrassmeadow（grassland）ontheseafloorneartheBahamas.”可知科學(xué)家在研究海草。故選C。6．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“AfternoticingtigersharksswimmingthroughseagrassofftheBahamas,anAmericanscientistworkedwithaseagrassexpert,tryingtomapthelocationsoftheplants”可知在注意到虎鯊在巴哈馬群島附近的海草中游動后，一位美國科學(xué)家與一位海草專家合作，試圖繪制這些植物的位置圖，故此處mapped意為“繪制……的位置”；分析四個選擇可知，選項D“警方已成功繪制出失蹤男孩的位置”中的mapped也以為“繪制……的位置”。故選D。7．段落大意題。根據(jù)“Theresearchersfound...”以及本段內(nèi)容可知本段主要介紹了研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。8．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了海草的重要性以及科學(xué)家如何利用虎鯊進行海底研究，以及他們在巴哈馬發(fā)現(xiàn)的世界最大的海草草地，這種創(chuàng)新的研究方法有利于增加人類對海底世界的了解，故作者寫本文的意圖是分享這種新的海底研究方式。故選C。（2023·湖北隨州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Youarealwaystoldtowashyourhandsbeforeyoueat.Youknowyoumustwashyourhandsaftergoingtothebathroom.Youshouldwashyourhandsmanytimesduringtheday.Doyouknowhowtowashyourhandscorrectly?Alwaysusesoaptowashyourhands.Afterturningonthetap(水龍頭)andwettingyourhands,youcanrub(摩擦)yourhandswithsoap.Soapmaynotkillallthegerms(細菌),butitcanwashawaytheoilonyourskin.Astheoiliswashedaway,thegermswillleaveyourhandsandgoaway.Youshouldwashyourhandsfor15-20seconds.Howdoyouknowthelength(長度)of15-20seconds?YoucansingABCSong.Bythetimeyougettothelastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!Rubyourhandstogether.Youcanuseonehandtorubthebackoftheotherhandandthenexchangetwohands.Youalsoneedtorubbetweenyourfingers.Don’tforgettorubunderandaroundyourfingernails.Maybeyourhandsdon’tlookdirty,buttherearegermsonthem.Germsaretoosmallforyoutosee.Theyareonyourhandsallthetime.Manyillnessesarecausedbygerms,soyoushouldoftenwashyourhands.9．WhydoesthewritermentionABCSong?A．Becauseitisthemostpopularsongintheworld.B．Becauseeveryonecansingthissongverywell.C．BecausewashinghandsisaseasyassingingABCSong.D．Becauseyoucansingthissongtoknowthelengthofwashinghands.10．Theunderlinedword“note”inParagraph3means“________”inChinese.A．音符 B．注釋 C．筆記 D．便條11．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Usingsoaptowashyourhands.B．Usingacleantowel(毛巾)todryyourhands.C．Washingyourhandsforabout20seconds.D．Rubbingunderandaroundyourfingernails.12．Accordingtothepassage,youcanknow________.A．whyyoushouldoftenwashhandsB．whatthebestsoappeopleusuallyuseisC．whatkindofgermsthereareonyourhandsD．howmanygermsthereareonyourhands13．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Howtostayhealthy. B．Howtoprotectyourfingers.C．Howtowashhandscorrectly. D．Howtokeepawayfromgerms.【答案】9．D10．A11．B12．A13．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是介紹如何正確洗手。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Howdoyouknowthelength(長度)of15-20seconds?YoucansingABCSong.”可知可以通過唱歌知道洗手的時間，故選D。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“YoucansingABCSong.Bythetimeyougettothelastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!”可知，唱到最后一個音符，手就洗好了，可推測“note”意為“音符”，故選A。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alwaysusesoaptowashyourhands.”，“Youshouldwashyourhandsfor15-20seconds.”和“Rubyourhandstogether.”可知，并沒有提到用干凈的毛巾擦干手，故選B。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Manyillnessesarecausedbygerms,soyoushouldoftenwashyourhands.”可知，細菌可以導(dǎo)致很多疾病，所以要勤洗手，說明我們可以知道為什么要經(jīng)常洗手，故選A。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowhowtowashyourhandscorrectly?”以及下文介紹的洗手方法可知，本文主要是介紹如何正確洗手，故選C。（2023·河北·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Doyoudoteamprojectsatschool?Idoalot.IenjoyteamprojectsbecauseIlikesharingideaswithotherpeople.Ofcourse,teamactivitiesaren’talwayseasy.Youneedtoknowhowtoworkwelltogether.Herearesomesuggestionstomaketeamworkeasier.KnowthegoalsMakesureeveryoneunderstandsthegoaloftheproject.Ifyou’redoingaclassproject,youneedtochecktheteacher’sinstructionscarefullyandaskquestionswheneversomethingisn’tclear.There’sapopularsaying:Ifyoudon’tknowwhereyou’regoing,youprobablywon’tgetthere.Assign(指派)rolesEveryoneshouldhavearoleintheteam.Forexample,thereshouldbealeaderwhohelpseveryonemakedecisions.Theremightbeanote-takerwhowritesdowntheteam’sideasduringmeetings,andatime-keepertocontrolthetime.Theremightalsobeafact-checkeroragroupspeaker.DividetheworkForlargeprojects,theworkcanbedividedintosmallertasks.Thenyoucanchoosetasksthatyoudowellorenjoy.Ofcourse,youshouldn’talwaysdothesametask.It’sgoodtotrynewthings,evenifthey’redifficult!MakeaplanAfteryoudividethework,writedownaplanonpaper.Youcanuseacalendartohelpyou.Listallthetasksandthinkaboutwheneachonemustbefinished.It’simportantforeveryonetofollowtheplan.Andifyoucan’tfinishyourpartontime,telltheothersassoonaspossible.Trytobepositive(積極的).Everythingiseasierwhenyou’reenjoyingyourselfintheteam.14．Howdoesthewriterbeginthetext?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byaskingaquestion.C．Byshowingasaying. D．Bysendingamessage.15．Whatistheleader’smainjobintheteam?A．Controllingtheactivitytime. B．Writingdowntheteam’sideas.C．Makingspeechesfortheteam. D．Helpingtheothersmakedecisions.16．Whatshouldyoudoafterdividingthework?A．Setacleargoal. B．Workoutaplan.C．Decideeveryone’srole. D．Checktheteacher’sexamples.17．Whatisthewritertryingtodointhetext?A．Introducetheteacher’sinstructions. B．Giveinformationaboutsmallertasks.C．Explainthemethodtodoteamprojects. D．Describetheimportanceofcreativeideas.【答案】14．B15．D16．B17．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一些讓團隊工作更容易的建議。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Doyoudoteamprojectsatschool”可知作者以一個問題開始本文。故選B。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thereshouldbealeaderwhohelpseveryonemakedecisions.”可知領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者幫助每個人做決定。故選D。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Afteryoudividethework,writedownaplanonpaper.”可知分工后，在紙上寫一個計劃。故選B。17．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一些讓團隊工作更容易的建議。故選C。（2023·山東泰安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThemovieHomeComingtooktheleadintheboxoffice(票房)duringtheNationalDayholidayin2022.IttellsastorythathappenedinNorthAfrica.Afterawarbreaksoutthere,twoChinesediplomats(外交官)areorderedtohelpevacuatetheoverseasChinese.Aftercompletingthefirsttasksuccessfully,theylearnthatanothergroupofChinesecitizens(公民)arestillingreatdanger.Realizingthatthesepeoplewilldieiftheydon’tgiveahand,thetwomentravelthroughthewararea.Theyrisktheirlivestohelpover100Chinesecitizensgotoasafeplace.Themovienotonlyshowshowthetwodiplomatsprotectthepeoplewithcourage,butalsoshowstheirdeeploveforthecountryandpeople.HomeComingremindsmanypeopleofasimilarrealeventwhichtrulyhappenedinLibyain2011.ChineseEmbassy(大使館)helpedtheevacuationofmorethan30,000Chinesecitizens.BehindthiseventweremanyeffortsofChinesediplomats.Afterwatchingthefilm,amanrecalledhispersonalexperience.“Wearetheluckyonesbecausewehaveastrongcountryandarewellprotected,”hesaid.HomeComingisasuccesspartlybecauseofthegrowingnationalprideandconfidenceChinesepeoplehaveinourcountry.Acomment(評論)reads,“Chinesepassportmightnotgetyouanywhereyouwant,butitcanalwaysbringyoubackhome.”18．ThemovieHomeComingisaboutastorythathappenedin________.A．NorthAmerica B．SouthAmerica C．SouthAfrica D．NorthAfrica19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evacuate”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤離 D．評價20．HowmanyChinesecitizenswereevacuatedintherealeventin2011?A．Overonehundred. B．Overthirtythousand.C．Overthreemillion. D．Overthreethousand.21．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTright?A．Thetwodiplomatsprotectthepeoplewithcourage.B．Thetwodiplomatslovethecountryandpeopledeeply.C．WeChinesehaveastrongcountryandarewellprotected.D．Chinesepassportcangetyouanywhereyouwant.【答案】18．D19．C20．B21．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了電影《萬里歸途》以及這部電影成功的部分原因是中國人民對我們國家日益增長的民族自豪感和信心。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IttellsastorythathappenedinNorthAfrica.”可知電影《萬里歸途》講述的是發(fā)生在北非的一個故事。故選D。19．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Afterawarbreaksoutthere,”可知當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)生了戰(zhàn)爭，結(jié)合“twoChinesediplomats(外交官)areorderedtohelpevacuatetheoverseasChinese.”可知外交官應(yīng)該要開始協(xié)助撤僑，故選C。20．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ChineseEmbassy(大使館)helpedtheevacuationofmorethan30,000Chinesecitizens.”可知在2011年的真實事件中，有三萬多的中國公民被撤離。故選B。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinesepassportmightnotgetyouanywhereyouwant,butitcanalwaysbringyoubackhome”可知中國護照可能不能帶你去任何你想去的地方，但它總能帶你回家，D選項表述錯誤，故選D。（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）BertwonanationalprizecalledYoungHeroesforhis“green”project.Thispublic-spiritedyoungpersonwasnowauniversitystudent.Hisloveforinsectsgrewdeeperandhewasprotectingthemforthefuture._________.Whenhewasaround4or5,healwayslovedtowatchdifferentinsects,especiallybeautifulswallowtails(鳳蝶).Oneinterestingfacthelearnedaboutswallowtailswasthattheirbrightcolorswarnedhungryanimalsthattheytastedbad.Anditwasalsofuntowatchhowtheycameintobeing.Butthereasonhereallyfellinlovewiththemwasthattheywereveryaccessible.Forexample,ifyouwantedtoattract(吸引)swallowtails,youplantedsomezinnias,akindofbrightflowers.Bertstartedazinniagardenathishouse,whereheraisedalargenumberofswallowtailsovertheyears.Withtheworld’sswallowtailpopulationfalling,Bertwantedpeopletorealizethatifinsectslikeswallowtailsdisappeared,sowouldalltheothersabovethemonthefoodchain.Tomakethefactclearandeasytounderstandforotherstudents,healsocreatedazinniagardenathisjuniorhighschool.PartofthejoyforBertwaswatchingtheyoungerstudentsgetexcitedwhenrunningafterswallowtails.“Wheneveraswallowtaillandsonthem,theyoungstudentswillsoonfallinlovewiththesecuteinsects.Theydevelopanewappreciationforthem,”hesaid.Bertputhiseffortsintotheenvironmentaleducationalprojectandmadeittakeflight.22．AfterBertwashonoredwithYoungHeroes,_________.A．heoftengavespeechesinpublicB．hesetuphis“green”projectC．hebecameinterestedinswallowtailsD．hewentonprotectinginsects23．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin_________?A．BertsavedmanyswallowtailsB．BerthadadullchildhoodC．BertfoundhisloveearlyinlifeD．Bertmadeaharddecision24．Theunderlinedword“accessible”inparagraph2means“_________”.A．dangeroustofeed B．easytogetclosetoC．hardtoraise D．safetoreach25．ThemainreasonforBerttocreateazinniagardenatschoolwas_________.A．towatchstudentshavefunB．tomakehisschoolmorebeautifulC．tostopswallowtailsfromdisappearingD．tohelpkidslearnaboutswallowtails26．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ABrightFlower B．AFlyingProject C．AGreenGarden D．AWarningAction【答案】22．D23．C24．B25．D26．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了因為“綠色”項目而獲得“青年英雄”獎項的男孩Bert熱愛昆蟲并保護它們的故事。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BertwonanationalprizecalledYoungHeroesforhis‘green’project…Hisloveforinsectsgrewdeeperandhewasprotectingthemforthefuture”可知，獲獎之后繼續(xù)保護昆蟲，故選D。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenhewasaround4or5,healwayslovedtowatchdifferentinsects”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹他從什么時候開始喜歡觀察昆蟲，C選項符合，故選C。24．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Butthereasonhereallyfellinlovewiththemwasthattheywereveryaccessible”及“Forexample,ifyouwantedtoattract(吸引)swallowtails,youplantedsomezinnias,akindofbrightflowers”可知，如果你想吸引鳳蝶，你就種一些百日菊，也就是鳳蝶很容易接近，所以劃線單詞與easytogetcloseto同義，故選B。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tomakethefactclearandeasytounderstandforotherstudents,healsocreatedazinniagardenathisjuniorhighschool”可知，是為了幫助孩子了解鳳蝶，故選D。26．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Bertputhiseffortsintotheenvironmentaleducationalprojectandmadeittakeflight.”及全文介紹可知，本文主要講述了Bert熱愛昆蟲并保護它們的故事，所以B選項“AFlyingProject”符合本文標題，故選B。（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）OnJune3,theUnitedStatesFish&WildlifeService（USFWS）announcedthatitwouldprotectthetricoloredbats.TheanimalwouldbelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Thisfollowsasimilarannouncement,madeinMarch,toprotecttheendangerednorthernlong-earedbats.Thetwokindsofbatsareindanger,mainlybecauseofanillnesscalledwhite-nosesyndrome（綜合癥）.“Batsplaysuchanimportantroleinkeepingahealthyecosystem.”USFWSdirectorMarthaWilliamssaid.“Butwhite-nosesyndromeisdestroyingbats.”sheadded.White-nosesyndromeiscausedbyafungus（真菌）.Itisknowntoinfluenceonlybats,showingupontheanimal’snoseandwings.Thefungusgrowsinplacesthatarecold,dark,andwet,likecaves.Asithurtsabat’sskin,theanimal’sbehaviorstartstochange.Thebatbecomesmoreactivethannormal,wastingtheenergyitneedstolive.Worldwide,therearemorethan1,400kindsofbats.Mostbatsareinsectivores,whichmeanstheyeatinsects.Inasinglenight,batscaneatinsectsof“uptohalftheirweight.”Thisisgoodnewsforfarmers,sincebatseatinsectsthatharmcrops.AccordingtotheUSFWS,theanimalshelpU.S.farmerssavemorethan$3billionayearininsectcontrol.Nowadaysthereisnotreatmentforwhite-nosesyndrome.Butscientistsaredevelopingwaystohelpbats.A2018studyfoundthataspeciallightcankillthefungus.Researchersarealsotestingafungus-fightingthingthatcanbeplacedaroundareaswherebatslive.Andthey’reworkingonavaccine（疫苗）.Localvillagersalsoprovidesuggestions.Oneexample:setbatboxes.TheUSFWSsaysitwillannounceadecisionabouthowtolistthetricoloredbatsbylate2023.Adecisionaboutthenorthernlong-earedbatsisexpectednextmonth.27．Whyarethetricoloredbatsandthelong-earedbatsindanger?A．Becauseofaspecialillness.B．Becauseoftheirfood.C．Becauseoftheirlivingconditions.28．Howdoesthefunguskillabatatlast?A．Bychangingabat’sbehavior.B．Byhurtingabat’sskin.C．Bywastingtheenergyabatneedstolive.29．WhyarebatshelpfultofarmersintheUSA?A．Becausebatseatinsectsthatharmcrops.B．Becausetherearemorethan1,400kindsofbats.C．Becausebatscostthemmorethan$3billioneachyear.30．Whataretheresearchersdoingtofightagainstthewhite-nosesyndrome?A．Theyaretestingaspeciallight.B．Theyareworkingonavaccine.C．Theyaresettingbatboxes.31．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．Awhite-nosesyndrome. B．Kindsofbats. C．Batsindanger.【答案】27．A28．C29．A30．B31．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了長耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列為瀕危動物名單，且說明了蝙蝠在保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康方面發(fā)揮的重要作用。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thetwokindsofbatsareindanger,mainlybecauseofanillnesscalledwhite-nosesyndrome.”可知是因為一種名為白鼻綜合征的疾病，所以三色蝙蝠和長耳蝙蝠處于危險中。故選A。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asithurtsabat’sskin,theanimal’sbehaviorstartstochange.Thebatbecomesmoreactivethannormal,wastingtheenergyitneedstolive.”可知真菌是通過傷害蝙蝠的皮膚，讓蝙蝠變得比平時更活躍，浪費了它生存所需的能量。故選C。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inasinglenight,batscaneatinsectsof‘uptohalftheirweight.’Thisisgoodnewsforfarmers,sincebatseatinsectsthatharmcrops.”可知因為蝙蝠可以吃危害莊稼的昆蟲。故選A。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andthey’reworkingonavaccine.”可知研究人員正在研制疫苗來對抗白鼻綜合癥。故選B。31．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了長耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列為瀕危動物名單，且說明了蝙蝠在保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康方面發(fā)揮的重要作用。故選C。（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Doyouoftenaskquestions?Childrenareknownforwantinganswerstomanyquestionsbecausecuriosity(好奇心)ispartofhumannature.BooksandTVshowsoftendependoncuriosity.Peoplekeepreadingorwatchingbecausetheywanttofindoutwhathappens.Asweallknow,curiosityprovidesmanyadvantages.Manyofhistory’sgreatestdiscoveriesweremadebycuriouspeople.Peoplewonderedhowthingsworkedandhowworkcouldbedonemorequickly.Thankstotheircuriosity,peoplenowknowfarmoreabouttheworldandhaveusefultechnologytohelpthem.Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventororresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthecuriosityoflearning,classeswillbecomemoreinteresting.Youwillbegoodatthembecauseyouenjoytheprocessoflearning.Evenifyou’renolongerastudent,curiositywillmakeyouanableworker.Whatwillyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?Luckily,curiosityisaskillthatcanbeimproved.Often,themoreyoulearnaboutatopic,themoreinterestingitbecomes.Toimproveyourcuriosity,getinformationfromasmanysources(來源)aspossiblewhenyoulearnaboutatopic.Atthesametime,readallkindsofbooks,watchorlistentospeechesandaskquestions.Don’talwaysgetinformationinthesameway.Instead,learntounderstandthefactsthatdifferentpeopleknow.Don’tassumeyoualreadyknoweverything.Instead,searchforotherpossibilitiesandopinions.Remember,everyoneknowssomethingthatyoudon’tknow.Findoutwhatitis,andaskaboutit.Thisletsyoulearnsomethingandmakestheotherpeoplehappybysharingtheirknowledge.Let’strytobecomepeoplewhoarefullofcuriosity.32．Childrenliketoaskquestionsbecause________.A．theyarebornwithnaturalcuriosityB．theydon’tknowaboutthehumannatureC．theyareknownforreadingandwatchingD．theydon’twanttofindtheanswersbythemselves33．Whatcancuriosityhelpyouintheclassroom?A．Itcanmakeyouclevererthanbefore.B．Itcanmaketheclasseseasierforyou.C．Itcanhelpyouenjoytheprocessoflearning.D．Itcanhelpyoufeelrelaxedintheclassroom.34．Whichcanbehelpfultoimproveyourcuriosity?A．Readingonlyonekindofbook.B．Showingothersyourknowledge.C．Gettinginformationinthesameway.D．Gettinginformationfromasmanysourcesasyoucan.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assume”mean?A．Worry. B．Think. C．Wonder. D．Forget.36．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TrytoBeCurious B．MakeOthersHappyC．LearntoAskQuestions D．GreatDiscoveriesMadebyCuriousPeople【答案】32．A33．C34．D35．B36．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了好奇心是人類天性的一部分，好奇心有很多優(yōu)點，并介紹了如何培養(yǎng)好奇心。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Childrenareknownforwantinganswerstomanyquestionsbecausecuriosity(好奇心)ispartofhumannature”可知孩子喜歡問問題，因為好奇心是人類天性的一部分。故選A。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youwillbegoodatthembecauseyouenjoytheprocessoflearning.”可知好奇心會幫助你喜歡學(xué)習(xí)的過程。故選C。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Toimproveyourcuriosity,getinformationfromasmanysources(來源)aspossiblewhenyoulearnaboutatopic”可知為了提高你的好奇心，當(dāng)你了解一個話題時，從盡可能多的來源獲取信息。故選D。35．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Don’tassumeyoualreadyknoweverything.Instead,searchforotherpossibilitiesandopinions”可知不要認為你什么都知道，相反，尋找其他可能性和看法，故此處劃線部分意為“認為”，和think意義相近。故選B。36．最佳標題題。本文主要介紹了好奇心是人類天性的一部分，好奇心有很多優(yōu)點，并介紹了如何培養(yǎng)好奇心，故本文以“盡力保持好奇心”為標題最合適。故選A。（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Confucianism(儒家思想)hasbeenfollowedbyChinesepeopleformorethantwothousandyears.Tohelppeopleunderstandhowtobehavetowardsothers,ConfucianismteachestheFiveConstants(五常).Theseareren,yi,li,zhiandxin.Theyaregeneralvirtues(美德)aroundtheworld.Themostimportanttwoarerenandli.Renisthefeelingofcareandloveweshouldhaveforothers.Confuciusexplainedrencouldbestbeunderstoodaslovingothers.Heisfamousforteachingpeople“Whatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself,donotdotoothers”.ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated).Whilethemeaningofreniseasytounderstand,liisalittlehardertoexpress.Itcanbethoughtofasdutyorevenrespect.Generally,liisthewayweshouldconnectwithpeopleinoureverydaylife.InConfucianwritings,discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors(祖先).Whilerenismostlyaboutouropinionsandfeelings,liisabouthowweexpressouropinionsandfeelingstowardsothersandtowardstheworldaroundus.Perhapsthemostwell-knownConfucianvirtueisxiao.Thisisthedutychildrenhavetotheirparents.Xiaomeansloving,respecting,obeyingandtakingcareofone’sparentsintheiroldage.InConfucianism,xiaoisimportantforaharmonious(和諧的)society:Withoutit,thewholeworldwouldfallintoamess.37．WhicharethemostimportantoftheFiveConstants?A．Renandyi. B．Renandli. C．Liandxin. D．Yiandzhi.38．WhatisthebestChinesefortheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?A．博學(xué)于文，約之以禮。 B．學(xué)而不思則罔，思而不學(xué)則殆。C．己所不欲，勿施于人。 D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。39．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofli?A．Buildingapeacefulsociety. B．Takingcareofone’schildren.C．Obeyingrulesfordrinkingtea. D．Learningallthroughone’slife.40．WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusaboutConfucianism?A．Itsgeneralvirtues. B．Itslonghistory.C．Itsnewchallenges. D．Itsgoldenrules.【答案】37．B38．C39．C40．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了儒家思想中的傳統(tǒng)美德。37．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Themostimportanttwoarerenandli.”可知最重要的是仁和禮。故選B。38．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“ItisquitesimilartowhatisknownintheWestastheGoldenRule(treatothersasyouwishtobetreated)”可知，劃線句子“Whatyoudonotwantdonetoyourself,donotdotoothers”和“按照你希望被對待的方式對待他人”意義相近，即己所不欲勿施于人。故選C。39．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“discussionsaboutliincludetheproperwaytodrinkteaandhowtorememberancestors”可知關(guān)于禮的討論包括正確的喝茶方式和如何緬懷祖先。故選C。40．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了儒家思想的傳統(tǒng)美德。故選A。（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whatwouldhappenif