人與環(huán)境【精講精研+拓展延伸】高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)主題詞匯 閱讀一遍過

話題十三人與環(huán)境第一部分話題詞匯積累單詞&短語1.temporaryadj.______________2.tendencyn.______________3.tenderadj.______________4.tensionn.______________5.terrorn.______________6.territoryn.______________7.terminaln.______________adj.______________8.theoreticaladj.______________9.thoroughadj.______________10.thrillern.______________11.thundern.______________12.tightlyadv.______________13.tissuen.______________14.soiln.______________15.consumptionn.______________16.atmospheren.______________17.agriculturen.______________18.toweln.______________19.tapn.______________20.teasev.______________21.thermosn.______________22.toleratev.______________23.undertakev.______________24.______________adj.有天資的；有才能的；多才的；有本領(lǐng)的25.______________adj.美味的；高雅的；有趣的；可口的26.______________n.體溫；溫度；氣溫；發(fā)燒27.______________v.趨向，傾向于……;照料，照顧28.______________adv.非常；可怕地；極度地29.______________adj.艱苦的；頑強的；堅強的，不屈不撓的；堅韌的，牢固的；強壯的，結(jié)實的30.______________n.主題；題目；主旋律31.______________adv.因此；所以32.______________adj.渴的，口干的；渴望的，熱望的33.______________n.威脅；恐嚇34.______________n.喉嚨；嗓子，嗓音；窄路35.______________prep.遍及；自始至終adv.到處36._________--_________--____________v.拋；扔；投；擲；舉行(派對)37.______________adj.整齊的；相當(dāng)大的v.整理；收拾；弄整齊38.______________adj.令人厭倦的；煩人的，無聊的；令人討厭的39.______________n.標(biāo)題；書名；冠軍；頭銜；權(quán)利；字幕v.加標(biāo)題；賦予頭銜；把……稱為40.______________n.技術(shù)；工藝；術(shù)語41.atonetime_____________________42.forthetimebeing_____________________43.立即；馬上(time)_____________________44.隨時；總是(time)_____________________45.atnotime_____________________46.把……拴到……_____________________47.投身于；積極從事_____________________48.把……看作……(think)_____________________49._對……高度評價(think)_____________________50.首先……再者……_____________________51.從那時起_____________________52.感謝某人所做的事_____________________53.與……關(guān)系很好_____________________54.從長遠/眼前看_____________________55.tell..apart/tell...from.._____________________56.把信撕成碎片_____________________57.說服某人做(不做)某事_____________________58.母語_____________________59.betiredoftheurban/citylife_____________________60.treatsb.todinner._____________________61._____________________國際關(guān)系62._____________________外交事務(wù)63._____________________環(huán)保的64.athomeandabroad_____________________65.withthearrivalofglobalizationofeconomy_____________________66.developrenewableresources_____________________67.dealwithrubbishproperly_____________________68.improveone'slivingconditions_____________________69.achievethehighestgrowth_____________________70.interculturalcommunication_____________________詞匯拓展1.tendv.往往會；常常就；趨向；走向；傾向；趨于；照料；照管It___________togetverycoldhereinthewinter.這里冬天往往會很冷。Priceshave___________downwardsoverrecentyears.近年來物價趨于下降。Foryearshe___________herinherpainfulillness.多年來她一直受到病痛的折磨，都是他在照料?！颈嫖觥縯end,attend區(qū)別tend指照看人、動物或事物(用于此義時有過時之嫌),通常后接介詞to。attend尤指照顧病人、處理傷口等，強調(diào)具有專業(yè)技能和責(zé)任心，常用被動語態(tài)。Theshepherdistendingtohissheep.牧羊人在看管他的羊群。Theirwoundshadbeenattendedbeforethemenwerebroughthere.傷員在送來這里之前，傷口已得到了處理。2.toughadj.艱苦的；艱難的；棘手的；嚴(yán)厲的；強硬的；無情的；堅強的；健壯的；能吃苦耐勞的；堅韌不拔的Don'tbetoo___________onhim—hewasonlytryingtohelp.別對他要求過嚴(yán)，他只是想幫忙。Ithinkmomsshow___________lovebecausetheyexpectalotoutofus!我認為媽媽們都望子成龍，所以才展現(xiàn)出嚴(yán)厲的愛。Heseemstobethe___________ofallthechildren.他似乎是所有孩子中最結(jié)實的。Thismeatis___________.這肉吃不動。It's___________findingajobthesedays.近來很難找到工作?；顚W(xué)活用一、閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個單詞或用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Johnmentionedseveraljudges'names,___________hedidn'tthinkhighlyof.2.Hepickedupthesheetsofpaper,andballedthem___________(tight)inhisfists.3.Youshouldtakeouttravelinsurancecoveringyouandyourfamily___________theft.4.Nuoisanancientcultureformwhich___________(title)as"fossilofChinesedrama".5.Thankyoufor___________(write)andallowingmetoclarifythepresentposition.二、翻譯句子1.Anothertemporarydiscountmaynotbewhatyouwant,butatleastitisabirdinthehand._________________________________________________________________2.我好久沒有看她，一來路太遠，二來沒工夫。(foronething...;foranother...)_________________________________________________________________3.任我們怎樣勸說，他也不聽。(persuade)_________________________________________________________________4.我喜歡城市，但厭倦那里的噪音和空氣污染。(gettiredof)_________________________________________________________________參考答案單詞&短語1.暫時的；臨時的2.趨勢；傾向3.和善的；軟的4.拉伸；緊張程度5.驚恐；恐懼6.領(lǐng)土；版圖7.n.航站樓adj.最終的8.理論上的9.完全的；徹底的10.驚險(恐怖)小說/電影11.n.雷聲v.打雷12.緊緊地13.組織；面巾紙14.土壤15.消費；消費量16.空氣；大氣層；氛圍17.農(nóng)業(yè)18.毛巾19.n.塞子；龍頭v.輕拍20.取笑；戲弄21.熱水瓶22.容忍；忍受23.承擔(dān)24.talented25.tasty26.temperature27.tend28.terribly29.tough30.theme31.therefore32.thirsty33.threat34.throat35.throughout36.throw—threw—thrown37.tidy38.tiresome39.title40.technology41.曾經(jīng)；一度42.暫時；眼下43.innotime44.atalltimes45.在任何時候都不46.tie...to47.throwone-selfinto48.thinkof...as...49.thinkhighlyof50.foronething...;foranother(thing)...51.fromthenon52.thanksb.fordoingsth.53.beongoodtermswith54.inthelong/shortterm(run)55.把……區(qū)分開56.teartheletterinto/topieces57.persuade/talksb.in-tosth.;persuade/talksb.outof(doing)sth.58.mother/nativetongue/language59.厭倦了城市生活60.請某人吃飯61.internationalrelations62.diplomaticaffairs63.environment-friendly64.國內(nèi)外65.經(jīng)濟全球化的到來66.發(fā)展可再生能源67.正確處理垃圾68.改善某人的生活條件69.實現(xiàn)最大化發(fā)展70.跨文化交流詞匯拓展1.tends;tended;tended2.tough;tough;toughest;tough;tough活學(xué)活用一、1.whom/who2.tightly3.against4.istitled5.writing二、1.再一次臨時打折可能達不到你所希望的，但至少這是已經(jīng)到手的東西。2.Ihaven'tbeentoseeherforalongtimenow.Foronething,shelivestoofaraway;foranother,I'vebeenratherbusy.3.Nomatterhowhardwetriedtopersuadehim,hewouldn'tlisten.4.Ilovecities,butgettiredofthenoiseandairpollutionthere.第二部分話題閱讀訓(xùn)練（A）語法填空TheUnitedStatessetuptheworld'sfirstnationalparksystemin1916.Sincethen,it

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(serve)asamodelforothercountriesthattrytoprotecttheenvironmentbetterandletpeopleenjoynature.

Anationalparkisareserve(保護區(qū))ofland

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(own)bythegovernmentandprotectedfromhumandevelopmentandpollution.NowChinaisplanningitsownnationalparksystem.OnDec5,

Chinapassedtwoplansfornationalparks

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(protect)thegiantpanda,SiberiantigerandAmurleopard.

Butnationalparksarenotonlyforanimals.Inmid-2015,

Chinastartedtobuildnationalparksinnineprovinces.

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mostfamousoneistheSanjiangyuannationalparkontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.ItaimstoprotectChina'swatersource.Sanjiangyuan,or"SourceofThreeRivers",is

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theYellow,Yangtze,andLancangriversstart.

Beforethisnationalparkproject,

Chinahadsetasidethousandsofnatureparks,forestsandscenicareasasprotectedareas.

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,theyhaven'tbeenmanagedwellbecausetoomanydifferentorganizationshavebeeninvolved

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theprotectionofdifferentareas.Underthenewplan,nationalparkswillcoverbigareasandincludedifferentprotectedareas.

Forexample,thehabitatsofwildpandaslieindifferentprovincesand

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(divide)intoevensmallerpiecesbyrailways,roadsandpowerlines.Thismakesisolatedpandagroupsmoreopento

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(dangerous).Thepandanationalparkwillcoverallthehabitatsandmaketheprotectionofanimalsascomprehensiveaspossible.

Butthisincreasedprotectiondoesn'tmeannationalparkswillshuttheirdoorstohumans.Instead,thenewsystemwillofferpeopleachanceto

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(deep)feelnature.【小題1】hasbeenserving/hasserved【小題2】owned【小題3】toprotect【小題4】The【小題5】where【小題6】However【小題7】in【小題8】aredivided【小題9】danger【小題10】deeply【知識點】副詞修飾動詞、其他副詞、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)、動詞的-ed形式作定語、必備短語、必備詞匯、不可數(shù)名詞、不定式作目的狀語、動詞的-ed形式表示被動意義、不定式的一般式、副詞修飾整個句子、代詞作主語時的主謂一致、現(xiàn)在完成進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、名詞作主語時的主謂一致、人與環(huán)境、說明文、連接副詞where引導(dǎo)表語從句、定冠詞、in的用法【解析】1.

依據(jù)時間狀語sincethen可知，本句用現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)從過去到現(xiàn)在；本句也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性，故填hasbeenserving/hasserved。

2.

本句已有謂語動詞is，所以設(shè)空處用非謂語形式；而land和own是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，故用動詞-ed形式表示被動。故填owned。

3.

句意：在12月5日，為了保護大熊貓、東北虎和東北豹，中國通過了兩項國家公園的計劃預(yù)案。此處用動詞不定式做目的狀語。故填toprotect。

4.

句意：其中最著名的是青海西藏高原的三江源國家公園。最高級mostfamous前面用定冠詞the。故填The。

5.

where引導(dǎo)表語從句，where在從句中做地點狀語，意思是“那里，……的地方”。故填where。

6.

句意：然而，它們沒有得到很好的管理。此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且有逗號。故填However。

7.

句意：因為太多的不同組織參與了不同領(lǐng)域的保護。be

involved

in是固定搭配，意思是卷入，參與。故填in。

8.

句意：野生熊貓的棲息地位于不同的省份，并通過鐵路、公路和電力線分成更小的部分。此處用一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀況；本句描述客觀事實，且habitats和divide是動賓關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填aredivided。

9.

句意：這使得隔離開的熊貓群更加危險。此處需要名詞做to的賓語，danger危險。故填danger。

10.

此處需要副詞做狀語，修飾動詞feel，deeply深刻地。故填deeply。（B）七選五Gardeningcanbeafunandrewardingactivityforpeopleofallages,butitcanbeespeciallybeneficialforchildren.Gardeningenhanceschildren’ssensesandmotorskills.Inadditiontobeingabletotouchthesoil,usevarioustoolsandseeds,childrencanalsospotthedifferencesbetweendifferentplants,andhearsoundsofdifferentinsects.____1____.Gardeningactivitieslikedigging,planting,watering,andweedingcanstimulatemovementsofthebody,particularlyarmsandhands,andhelpchildrenlearnaboutthenaturalworld.____2____.Children’scuriosityaboutplantsstartswiththefirstseedtheysow.Theylearnaboutnaturalprocessbyobservingthegrowthandfruitripen.Theyalsocometoappreciatethevitalroleofinsectsandwormsforplantsandrecognizethateverythinginnatureisconnected.Plantcarefosters(培養(yǎng))patienceandresponsibility.____3___,andchildrenlearnwhatitmeanstoberesponsibleforsomethingtohelpensureitshealth.Gardeningalsoteacheschildrenaboutcaringfortheenvironment,fosteringaloveandrespectfornature.Gardeningpromotesnutritionandhealthychoicesforkids.Plantingandcultivating(培育)plants,pickingvegetablesandfruit,andinvolvingkidsincookingwithwhattheygrewwillcertainlyresultinawishtotryandconsumethefoodtheyprepared.Theywillgladlytryvegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves.____4____Gardeninggivesyourfamilybondingtime.Bondingwithyourfamilyissoimportant,butitcanbehardtorealizewiththedigitalage.____5____,whichcontributestoparent-childrelationship.A．PlantsneedregularandconsistentcareB．GardeninggivesyouachancetodialthisbackC．ChildrengetaheadstartonlearningaboutscienceD．GardeninginvolvesscientificobservationsandcreativityE．Itprovidesgood,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamilyF．Thishelpschildrentonurtureself-confidenceandhealthydiethabitsG．Interactingwiththesurroundingnatureencouragesthelearningprocess1．G

2．C

3．A

4．F

5．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了園藝給孩子們帶來的好處。16．下文“Gardeningactivitieslikedigging,planting,watering,andweedingcanstimulatemovementsofthebody,particularlyarmsandhands,andhelpchildrenlearnaboutthenaturalworld.(像挖掘、種植、澆水和除草這樣的園藝活動可以刺激身體的運動，特別是手臂和手，幫助孩子們了解自然世界)”列舉了園藝活動中與周圍的自然環(huán)境的互動，并說明了它們有助于孩子們?nèi)チ私庾匀唬菍項“Interactingwiththesurroundingnatureencouragesthelearningprocess(與周圍的自然互動可以促進學(xué)習(xí)過程)”的具體說明，句上“digging,planting,watering,andweeding”照應(yīng)G項中“Interactingwiththesurroundingnature”，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。17．設(shè)空句是段首主題句，根據(jù)下文“Children’scuriosityaboutplantsstartswiththefirstseedtheysow.Theylearnaboutnaturalprocessbyobservingthegrowthandfruitripen.Theyalsocometoappreciatethevitalroleofinsectsandwormsforplantsandrecognizethateverythinginnatureisconnected.(孩子們對植物的好奇始于他們播下的第一顆種子。他們通過觀察水果的生長和成熟來了解自然過程。他們也開始認識到昆蟲和蠕蟲對植物的重要作用，并認識到自然界的一切都是相互聯(lián)系的)”可知，本段主要講園藝可以激發(fā)孩子們對自然科學(xué)的興趣，讓他們在科學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)上有一個好的開端，故C項“Childrengetaheadstartonlearningaboutscience(孩子們在學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)方面有一個良好的開端)”是本段內(nèi)容的概括，適合作主題句。故選C項。18．根據(jù)段首主題句“Plantcarefosters(培養(yǎng))patienceandresponsibility.(照顧植物培養(yǎng)耐心和責(zé)任感)”可知，本段講照顧植物培養(yǎng)耐心和責(zé)任感，A項“Plantsneedregularandconsistentcare(植物需要定期和持續(xù)的照料)”承接主題句，和下文“andchildrenlearnwhatitmeanstoberesponsibleforsomethingtohelpensureitshealth.(孩子們學(xué)習(xí)什么是對某事負責(zé)，以幫助確保它的健康)”一起說明照顧植物如何培養(yǎng)耐心和責(zé)任感，上下文語意連貫。故選A項。19．上文“Theywillgladlytryvegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves.(他們會很樂意嘗試自己種植的蔬菜和水果)”提出孩子們會嘗試自己種植的蔬菜和水果，F(xiàn)項“Thishelpschildrentonurtureself-confidenceandhealthydiethabits(這有助于培養(yǎng)孩子的自信和健康的飲食習(xí)慣)”承接上文，說明這樣做的結(jié)果，句中“healthydiethabits”照應(yīng)上文“vegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves”，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。20．根據(jù)下文定語從句“whichcontributestoparent-childrelationship.(這有助于親子關(guān)系)”可知，設(shè)空處會提到有助于親子關(guān)系的事情，E項“Itprovidesgood,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamily(它為整個家庭提供了良好、健康的戶外活動)”中“good,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamily”有助于培養(yǎng)親子關(guān)系，同時照應(yīng)主題句中“bondingtime”，上下文語意連貫。故選E項。（C）閱讀理解OurPlanetEarthisfulloflifeandhasincrediblebiodiversity.BiologicalDiversityorBiodiversityisthebaseofhumanexistenceandfundamentaltoitswell-being.SpeciesarethebuildingblocksofthislifeonEarth,anditisbelievedthatthespeciesthatareatpresentgloballyfoundhavecontinuouslyevolvedover65millionyearssincetheLastMassExtinction.However,thenatureandextentofourplanet’sbiodiversityatalllevelshavenotbeencompletelyevaluatedyet.Thus,theexactnumberofspeciesfoundintheworldremainsunknown.Overtheyears,withtheadvancementofscientificknowledgeandthediscoveryofmorenewspecies,ithasbeenapproximatedthatthereare,atpresent,10millionto14millionspeciesonEarth,ofwhich1.2millionspecieshavebeendata-based.Thismeansthatstillmorethan86％oftheterrestrial(陸生的)and91％ofthemarinespeciesremainunknown.Everyyear,taxonomists(分類學(xué)家)describethousandsofspecies,someofwhicharecompletelynewtoscience,whileinsomecases,thespeciesandsubspeciesarecloselyexaminedanddeterminedwhethertheycanbeconsidereddistinctspecies.Astudyhasrevealedthatover99.9%ofallspeciesamountingtomorethan5billionspeciesthateverlivedhere,arebelievedtobeextinct.Atpresent,ourplanethousesmillionsofspecies,amongwhich86%liveonland,13%inthedeepsubsurface,andamere1%intheoceans.However,BiodiversityisnotevenlydistributedonEarth,anditsnumbervariesgreatlyondifferentcontinents.Theundiscoveredandmisidentifiedspeciesslowourabilitytounderstandpatternsandchangesinglobalbiodiversityandtherateofspeciesextinctions(滅絕).Evenafterseveralyearsoftaxonomicstudies,only14%ofterrestrialspeciesand9%ofmarinespecieshavebeenofficiallyaddedtothecentraldatabase.Necessarily,somespecieswill