高中英語試題（含答案）

全國統(tǒng)一考試模擬卷（二）英語試題第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABestScienceBooksof2017Atitsheart,Scienceisaboutcuriosity.Soitstandstoreasonthesebooksaboutscienceshouldmakeyouexamineyourworldmoreclosely,andindoingso,giveyouasenseofwonder.BigChicken,byMarynMcKenna.InvestigativejournalistMarynMcKennausesthemodernindustrialchickenasawindowintohowantibiotics（抗生素）transformed,modernagriculture—forgoodandill.Shetraceshowanimalantibioticsendangerhumanhealth,musingseriousproblemsfromantibiotic-resistantstomachinfectionstoUTIs.RecognizingthatAmericansaregoingtocontinuetoeatchickennomatterwhat,McKennasuggestsawayinwhichfactoryfarmingridsitselfofitsdependenceonantibiotics.WhyTimeFlies,byAlanBurdickNewYorkerstaffwriterAlanBurdickexaminesthegreatestgifthumanityhaseverknown:time.Time,hewrites,appearstoexistintwodistinctforms.Onelsthestandardized,objectivekindfoundinclocksandwatches;theotherisourinternal,biologicalsenseoftime,theonewemeasureinourcells,bodiesandminds.Butthecloserhelooks,thelessclearerthisdistinctionappears.Paleoart,byZo?LescazeDinosaurshavelongcapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsandartistsalike,andPaleoartbringsthosevisionstogetherinablendofhumanknowledgeandcreativity.Theseimagesnotonlyshowourchangingunderstandingofdinosaurs,butalsoreflectthedistinctartisticsensibilitiesoftheirtime.Bothartisticandeducational,thesepicturesarecertainlyinfluential.WhatIt’sLiketoBeaDog,byGregoryBernsBerns,aneuroscientist,traineddogstositinamachine:inordertolookintothebrainsofconsciousdogsforthefirsttime.Thatpioneeringworkinspiredhimtodigdeeperintothemindsofotheranimals,fromsealionstotheextinctthylacine（袋狼）,Bernssays,“Withtheirabilitytothink,chooseandfeel,dogsandotheranimalsdonotdeservethecrueltreatmenthumanssooftendotothem.”21.Whichbookhassomethingtodowithpublichealth?A.WhyTimeFlies.B.Paleoart.C.WhatIt’sLiketoBeaDog.D.BigChicken.22.Whowritesabouttime?A.AlanBurdick.B.Zo?Lescaze.C.GregoryBerns.D.MarynMckenna.23.WhatwasBerns’pioneeringwork?A.Studyingextinctanimals.B.Observingdogbrains.C.Fightingforanimalrights.D.Trainingdogs.BOneformofsocialprejudiceagainstolderpeopleisthebeliefthattheycannotunderstandorusemoderntechnology.Activitieslikeplayingcomputergames,goingontheNetanddownloadingMP3sareonlyfortheyoungsters.Isn’titunfairthatolderpeopleenjoyingacomputergameshouldbefrowned（皺眉）uponbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren?Nowadaysolderpeoplehavemorecontrolovertheirlivesandtheyplayafullpartinsociety.Moreover,betterhealthcarehasleftmorepeopleintheirsixtiesandseventiesfeelingfitandactiveafterretirement.Mentalactivity,aswellasphysicalexercise,cancontributetobetterhealth.Playingcomputergamesisaveryeffectivewayofexercisingthebrain.Whenpersonalcomputerswerefirstintroduced,mostolderpeopledidn’tbelievetheywouldeverfamiliarizethemselveswithit.Nowcomputershavebeenaroundforafewgenerationsandretiredpeoplehavegraduallybecomemorerelaxedaboutusingthemforfun.Gamersover65preferplayingpuzzlegamesandcardgames.KateStevens,aged72,says:“Ifinditveryrelaxing.It’snotverydemanding,butyoustillneedtoconcentrate.”Anotherdevelopmentthathasfavored“greygames”isachangeinthetypeofvideogamesavailableonthemarket.There’sagreatervarietyofgamestochoosefrom,includingmoreintellectualandcomplexstrategy（策略）andsimulation（模擬）games.InternetChessandTrainSimulatorareamongthemostpopularofthese.TrainSimulatorisbasedonreal-worldrailactivities.Playerscanchoosefromavarietyofchallengers,suchaskeepingtoastrict-timetableandusinghelperenginesduringawinterstorm.Somepeoplearguethat“greygamers”simplydon’thavetheskillsrequiredforcomputergames,andthatteenagersarebetter.Thiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Mostcomputergamesrequirethekindofanalyticalthinkingthatimproveswithpractice,whichmeansthatthe“greygamers:maywellbefarbetterthangamershalfacenturyyoungerthanthem.Ingameswherespeedisthemainconsideration,olderpeoplewouldbeatadisadvantagebecausetheymayhaveslowerreactiontime.Ontheotherhand,“greygamers”haveapreferenceforshowerpaced,mindchallenginggames.24.Thesecondparagraphisintendedto________.A.showthebestwaytoexercisethebrain B.stresstheimportanceofgoodhealthC.explainwhygreygamersexist D.teachhowtoplayvideogames25.Whatwasolderpeople’sattitudetowardspersonalcomputersatfirst?A.Doubtful B.Concerned C.Enthusiastic D.Supportive26.ThemethodtheauthorusestodevelopParagraph4is________.A.offeringanalyses B.givingexamplesC.makingcomparisons D.providingdetails27.Bysaying“Thiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.”inParagraph5,theauthormeans________.A.mindchallenginggamesarenotsuitableforolderpeopleB.childrenshouldimprovetheirskillswithpracticeC.playingcomputergamesrequiresanalyticalthinkingD.olderpeoplecanperformwellinsomecomputergamesCAftershoppingfordealsinstoreson“BlackFriday”,oronlineon“CyberMonday”,Americansandpeopleworldwidearepreparingfornewlypopular“GivingTuesday”.Startingin2012,nowtheglobaleventthatiscelebratedannuallyontheTuesdayafterThanksgivingisthebrainchildof92ndStreetY,aculturalcenterinNewYorkCityandtheUnitedNationsFoundation.Asthenameindicates,GivingTuesdayismeanttorestartthecharitableseasonandthereforeobservedbyraisingfundsforlocalnonprofitsandschools,organizingfoodandclothingdrives,andconductingrandomactsofkindness.In2015,700,000peoplefrom71countriescametogethertodonate$116.7millionincash.Anadditional$1.08millionwasspentongifts.Whiletheeasiestwaytoparticipateisbydonatingtoyourfavoritecharity,thisdaycanbecelebratedinmanyotherwaystoo.Youcangivebackbyvolunteeringatyourlocalshelterorfoodbank,orevenbydonatingblood.Ifallelsefails,apurchasefromthegrowingnumberoforganizationsthatgiveaportionoftheirsalestocharitywilldothetrick.Butperhapsthebestwaytocelebratethedayisbyhelpingthosenearestanddearesttoyou.Assistafamilymemberwithasimplechorelikefoldinglaundry,cookingdinner,orevenreadingtoayoungersibling.Nomatterwhatyoudo,besuretoshareyourgooddeedonsocialmediaandinspireotherstocelebrateGivingTuesdayaswell!28.Whichofthefollowinghastheshortesthistory?A.GivingTuesday.B.BlackFriday.C.ThanksgivingDay.D.CyberMonday.29.What’sthemainpurposeof“GivingTuesday”?A.TomakeThanksgivingDayenjoyable.B.Toencouragemorepeopletodocharities.C.Togetvoluntaryworkbetterknown.D.Topersuademorepeopletoshoponline.30.Whydoestheauthoradvisesharinggooddeedsonsocialmedia?A.Tokeeparecordofone’sexperience.B.Tohelppeoplemakenewfriends.C.TomakeGivingTuesdaymorepopular.D.Todonatemoneytolocalschools.31.Whichsectionofawebsitedoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Lifestyle.B.Education.C.Culture.D.Business.DChineseresearcherssaytheyhavecomeupwithasimplewaytofindoutaperson’sbiologicalage—howmuchthebodyhasagedphysically–throughaurine(尿)test.Theirfindingswillhelpresearchersconductnumbersofageingstudiesandevenpredictaperson’sriskofage-relateddiseases,accordingtoapaperpublishedinthejournalFrontiersinAgeingNeuroscience.AnotherpaperbyresearchersattheBeijingHospitalandtheWestChinaHospitalinChengdu,Sichuanprovince,saidonTuesdaythatpeopleagedatdifferentratesduetochangesintheirgeneticmake-upandtheirenvironment.Chronologicalage–whichisbasedonone’sbirthdate—wasaninaccuratemeasureofbiologicalagesoamoreaccuratemethodwasneeded,theteamsaid.Ageingisdrivenbythelifelonggradualaccumulationofabroadvarietyofmolecular(分子)faultsinthebody’scells.Theteamsaidtheyhadidentifiedamatter—8-oxoGsn—thatindicatedincreasesinoxidative(氧化性)damageinurineaspeople’sbodiesaged.CaiJianping,aco-authorattheBeijingHospital,said:“Asweage,wesufferincreasingoxidativedamageandsothelevelsofoxidativemattersincreaseinourbody.”Theteamtestedthelevelsof8-oxoGsninurinesamplesfrom1,228Chinesepeopleagedtwoto90andconcludedthe

marker

helpedaccuratelydeterminethestageofbiologicalageinginadults.Theyhadpreviouslyfoundthat8-oxoGsnlevelsalsoincreasedwithageintheurineofanimalssuchasmice.Theteamhasalsodevelopedarapidanalysistechniquecalledultra-high-performanceliquidchromatography,whichcanprocessupto10urinesamplesanhour,accordingtothestudy.32.Scientificallyspeaking,bywhatdoesadoctorjudgethestageofapersongettingold?A.Hiscondition.

B.His

biologicalage.

C.Hispsychology.D.Hischronologicalage.33.Whataretheouterfactorsthespeedofone’sageingphysicallydependon?A.One’sbirthdate.B.Theincreasesinoxidativedamageinurine.C.Thechangesintheirgeneticmake-upandtheirenvironment.D.Theaccumulationofvariousmolecularfaultsinthebody’scells.34.Whichcantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“marker”inthesixthparagraph?A.8-oxoGsn.B.Molecularfaults.C.

Oxidativedamage.D.

Stageofbiologicalageinginadults.35.Whatisthepassageabout?A.Whypeopleareageing.B.Howtodelaypeople’sageing

physically.C.Whatdeterminesthestageofpeople’sageingphysically.D.Arapidmethodwithwhichtojudgehowmuchpeopleareagingphysically.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Adailymultivitaminmaygiveyourwell-beinganextrabenefit,butifyou’veeverswallowedoneandfeltsickrightafter,youknowit’shardlyapleasantexperience.36◆You’retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.Vitaminsthataremoreacidinnature,likevitaminC,maycausenausea（惡心）ifthey’reconsumedonanemptystomach.VitaminsA,D,EandK,unlikesomeothers,maybebetterabsorbedwhennottakenwithfood.◆37Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneachotherandothermedicinesyou’retaking.38Someresearchsuggeststhatmultivitaminscouldcausesideeffectswhentakenatthesametimeestrogen（雌激素）levelsareraised.◆There’salotofironinyourpill.Multivitaminsthatcontainalotofironorironsupplementsthemselvescancausenausea.Thisisespeciallytrueifyou’retakingthemoutsideofameal.Ironisinterestinginthatit’sbestabsorbedonanemptystomach,butit’shardesttotakeonanemptystomachbecauseofthenausea.__39Itmightdecreasetheabsorptionalittlebitbutit’sbetterthannothing.◆AllergicReactionSideEffectsSincemultivitaminscontainsomanyvitaminsandminerals,allergicreactionsarecertainlypossible.Mildallergicreactionscanincludeitchiness（癢）andafewhives（蕁麻疹）.40__Shouldyouexperiencemoreadvancedsignsofanallergicreaction,suchastroublebreathing,chestpain,widespreadhivesoraswollenfacialregion,visittheclosestemergencyroomimmediately.ThelabelonyourvitaminsshouldprovidedirectionsfortakingthemChecktheinformationbeforetakingittoseewhatelseyoushouldknow.A.You’retakingvitaminswithothermedicines.B.Belowareafewreasonswhytheymaybemakingyouill.C.It’simportanttodiscusswithanexpertthetimingofthesevitamins.D.Thesestomachissuescanbeextremelydisturbing.E.It’sbettertotakeitwithfoodthantryingtotakeitonanemptystomach.F.Ifyouexperiencethesesideeffects,stopuseandcontactyourdoctor.G.Pleasereviewthecombinationstomakesuretherearenoharmfulinteractions.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aseveryonegrows，theyrealizetherewillalwaysbesomeonewhoisbetter．Ilearnedthis41inthesecondyearinhighschoo1．TheshockthisexperiencebroughtwassogreatthatIfeltmy42wasleftonthesideoftheroadfordead．Thatwasallittook；oneyearandoneperson43everything．HernameisJenny．Shewasthegirlwho44raisedherhandandhadusefulcommentsabouteverything．Whenteachersneededchallengingproblemsanswered，they45her．Andifstudentsneeded46，theywentlookingforher．Ididn’t47her，butIadmitherpresenceannoyedme．Inthefirstyear，asamodelstudent，Iwasthepersoneveryone48andalltheteacherstrusted．Thenshecameoutof49!Wealsohadtwoclasses50．ThereIgottoseewhateverybodythoughtofher．Whenanexamfinished，itbecamea51thatshegotthetopgradeanditdidn’t52tomyclassmateswhetherIwasrightthere，53Ialsogotexcellentgrades．Theywouldcrossadesertand54her!Iwasleftbeingdeniedmypresence．55，Ifeltlikenottryinganymore．Istoppedtryingtoputonashowbecausenoonewas56anymore．Later，Ivolunteeredatthegraduationceremony．Shewascalledtomakea(n)57anddiscussedtheirdifficulties．Irealizedallherhardworkgotherthere，notherdesireto58．ItfinallyhitmethatJenny59theattentionshegot．Sheshowedmehowbigtheworldisandhow60aworldIusedto1ivein．I’11domybestbecauseIknowitwillpayoff．41．A．1esson B．course C．plan D．excuse42．A．sympathy B．trust C．respect D．pride43．A．proved B．remembered C．changed D．checked44．A．only B．still C．never D．a(chǎn)lways45．A．calledon B．interrupted C．supported D．caredabout46．A．friends B．a(chǎn)nswers C．news D．money47．A．hate B．hurt C．stop D．follow48．A．protected B．noticed C．missed D．served49．A．somewhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．a(chǎn)nywhere50．A．first B．a(chǎn)gain C．a(chǎn)lone D．together51．A．standard B．challenge C．fact D．chance52．A．return B．matter C．happen D．Occur53．A．evenif B．a(chǎn)sif C．once D．since54．A．a(chǎn)sk B．help C．remind D．control55．A．Frightened B．Confused C．Bored D．Heartbroken56．A．1aughing B．chatting C．watching D．hosting57．A．decision B．a(chǎn)ttempt C．speech D．a(chǎn)ppointment58．A．breakup B．giveup C．takeoff D．showoff59．A．1oved B．deserved C．needed D．escaped60．A．1onely B．small C．peaceful D．dark第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inourlives,manyofuswillfind

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（we）caringforanelderlyparent.Thisisnevereasy;itcantakegreatefforts

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(emotional)

andphysically,andthefinancialchallengescansometimesseem

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ourability.Oftenoneofthe

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(hard)thingsis

strikingabalancebetweenyourparent’sdesiretofeelindependentandyourcontroloftheirlife,withtheneedtoensuretheyaresafeandtheirhealthneeds

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(attend)to.Sometimesthiscancreatetensions(緊張)andarguments,only

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(add)tothestressofanalreadydifficultsituation.Itisimportantheretomakethemfeeltheyarebeinglistenedto,and

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theyknow

youonly

havetheirbestinterestsatheart.It’sthesamewithfinancialissues.Tocoverthecostsoftheirparent’scare,manypeoplewillconsiderthechoicessuchassellingthefamilyhome.Themostimportantthinghereis

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(communicate)—itcountsmuchtomakesurethateveryone

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(involve)isawareof

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isbeingproposedandsinging

fromthesamehymn(圣歌)sheet.第二節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：把錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后