2021年山東省濰坊市高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷（一）（附答案詳解）

2021年山東省濰坊市昌樂(lè)二中高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷（一）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

（2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題）

A

Today'sstudents,whowillplaysuchakeyroleintheeconomic,socialandpoliticalfutureof

Myanmar,arestrugglingtogainarelevanteducationininstitutionsthatlackthetoolstheyneed

todeliverastronglearningenvironment.Inthiscase,Tekkathocanbeadriverofchangeright

acrossMyanmar.Weaimtostrengthenuniversityandcommunitylibrariesacrossthewhole

countrysoyoungpeoplecanbenefitfromtheopportunitiesdigitaltechnologiesbringwherever

theystudy.

Ourcharitableobjectsare：

?providingdigitallibrariesandothereducationinfrastructureinareasoflimitedornointernet

connectivity；

,promotingexchanges,teachingplacementsandresearchpartnershipsbetweeneducational

institutionsandinternationalpartners.

Ourmission

OurmissionistotransformeducationinMyanmar.Weusedigitaltechnologiestosupport

educationalchangeacrossMyanmar.Wemakeeducationalandresearchbooks,papers,datasets

andeLearningmaterialsavailableatuniversitiesandcommunitylibraries,eveninplaceswith

nointernetaccessorreliableelectricity.

Volunteer

WearealwayslookingforwaystoimprovetheeLibrariesthroughuserfeedbackandideas,and

wearekeentorecruitvolunteerstohelpbuildnewresourcesthatwillsupporteducatorsand

learnersinMyanmar.Ifyouareastudentofcomputerscienceorinformationtechnologyand

canworkatleastthreedaysaweek,youarewelcomedtoworkonTekkathoaspartofan

internshiporstudentproject.Pleasecall01358711ifyouareinterested.

SponsoraLibrary

Withthesupportofpartnersanddonors,wehavesetupeLibrariesatover60

universities,schoolsandcommunitylibraries.Ourworkisfarfromdone.Stillweareseeking

donorstosupport,inpartorinfull,thecostofbuildingabrand-newdigitallibraryforaschool

oruniversityinMyanmar.Pleasecall01468523ifyouwouldliketoknowmore.

1.WhatdoesTekkathodoforstudents?

A.Encouragescientificresearch.

B.Providefinancialsupport.

C.Publisheducationalbooksandpapers.

D.Changeeducationwithdigitaltechnologies.

2.WhoismorelikelytoworkasaninternonTekkatho?

A.Ted,Englishmajor,freeonweekdays.

B.Julia,computermajor,freeonweekends.

C.April,ITstaff,freeoneveningandweekends.

D.Michael,ITmajor,freefromMondaytoWednesday.

3.IfyouwanttodonateforeLibraries,youshouldcall.

A.01358711B.01358642C.01468523D.01468763

（2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題）

B

Withourmodemandconsumer-orientatedlifestyles,itseasytothinkthatthefooditemwemay

haveboughtbutnevereatenisinsignificant.However,onceyoustartaddingupalltheedible

itemspurchasedandlefttorotovertheyear,adifferentpicturestartstoemerge.Theaverage

householdintheUKwilllose￡470thisyearinwastedfood.Thefigurerisesto￡700ifit,sa

familywithchildren.

Foodwasteisn'tuniquetotheUK；it'saglobalproblem.TheFoodandAgricultural

OrganisationoftheUnitedNationsestimatesthatworldwide,onethirdofallhumanfood

productiongoestowasteeachyear.Thafsastaggering1.3billiontonsoffoodthatendsupin

thebinannually,atacostof￡770billion.

Butthere'shope.InDenmarkthereare"passedbest-bydate"restaurants,"zerowaste"

kitchens,supermarketsandpressuregroups,andevenmobileappsthatlocateleftoverbuffet

mealsgoingcheap.Denmarkreduceditsnationalfigureoffoodwasteby25percentinthelast

fiveyears-andit'sstillstrivingtodomore.

Thewomanwho'swidelycreditedwithencouragingtheDanishnationalfood-wasterevolution

is36-year-oldformergraphicdesignerSelinaJuul.OriginatingfromMoscowandarrivingin

Denmarkatage13,sheremembers,''AftercomingfromRussiawhereFdexperiencedfood

第2頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

shortages,emptygrocerystoresandthegeneralbeliefthatfoodwasgold,!wasshockedtosee

everythingtheyhadhereinthefoodstores.ButthenIrememberedbeingevenmoreshockedby

howmuchpeoplesimplythrewaway."

In2008,stillpassionateabouttheissue,shefoundedtheconsumermovement"StopWasting

Food",whichhasgoneontobeDenmark'slargestconsumerorganizationinthefightagainst

foodwaste.Themovementhas60,000followersonFacebookandSelinahaspublishedan

award-winningandsold-oulcookbookbasedonusingupfoodleftover.She'slobbiedforthe

issueatboththeEUandUNanddeliveredseveralTEDtalks.

Sippingasimplemineralwater,Selinarecountsthesmallbeginningsofherowncampaign.

"OurfirstsuccesscamewiththesupermarketchainRema1000.We'dbeenarguingtostop

discountsofthree-for-two,aspeoplealwaysboughtmorethantheyneededandthefoodjust

endeduprottingintherefrigerator."Remacameonboard,replacingalltheirquantitydiscounts

withsingle-itemdiscounts.OtherretailchainsinDenmarksoonfollowed,andmostnowoperate

withfoodwaste-preventionstrategiesandgoals.

4.Theauthorintroducedthetopicoffoodwastemainlyby.

A.statingargumentsB.analyzingdata

C.givingexamplesD.makingcomparisons

5.SelinaJuulestablishedtheconsumermovementbecause.

A.shewasenthusiasticabouttheproblemoffoodwasting

B.itwasDenmark'slargestconsumerorganization

C.shewasabletopublishabookaboutit

D.itwouldmakeheraworldfamousperson

6.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.RemawasthefirstsuccessinSelina'scampaign.

B.Remashiftedalltheirdiscountswithfull-pricegoods.

C.PeoplecouldfindsomethingonsaleinRema.

D.Quantitydiscountspromotepeopletobuymorethantheyneed.

7.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsfoodwaste?

A.PositiveB.DoubtfulC.IndifferentD.Objective

（2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題）

C

Scholarshipsaregifts.Theydon'tneedtoberepaid.Therearethousandsofthem,offeredby

schools,employers,individuals,privatecompanies,nonprofits,communities,religious

groups,andprofessionalandsocialorganizations.Somescholarshipsfbrcollegeare

merit-based.Youearnthembymeetingorexceedingcertainstandardssetbythe

scholarship-giver.Meritscholarshipsmightbeawardedbasedonacademicachievementorona

combinationofacademicsandaspecialtalent,trait,orinterest.Otherscholarshipsarebasedon

financialneed.

Manyscholarshipsaregearedtowardparticulargroupsofpeople；forinstance,thereare

scholarshipsforwomenorgraduatestudents.Andsomeareavailablebecauseofwhereyouor

yourparentwork,orbecauseyoucomefromacertainbackground(forinstance,thereare

scholarshipsformilitaryfamilies).

Ascholarshipmightcovertheentirecostofyourtuition,oritmightbeaone-timeawardofa

fewhundreddollars.Eitherway,it'sworthapplyingfor,becauseit'llhelpreducethecostofyour

education.

Youcanlearnaboutscholarshipsinseveralways,includingcontactingthefinancialaidoffice

attheschoolyouplantoattendandcheckinginformationinapubliclibraryoronline.But

rememberthatyoudon'thavetopaytofindscholarshipsorotherfinancialaids.Andmakesure

tohaveyourapplicationsentbeforethedeadline.Somedeadlinesareasearlyasayearbefore

collegestarts,soifyou'reinhighschoolnow,youshouldberesearchingandapplyingfor

scholarshipsduringthesummerbetweenyourjuniorandsenioryears.

Themoneymightgodirectlytoyourcollege,whereitwillbeappliedtoanytuition,fees,or

otheramountsyouowe,andthenanyleftoverfundsgiventoyou.Oritmightbesentdirectlyto

youinacheck.Thescholarshipprovidershouldtellyouwhattoexpectwhenitinformsyouthat

you'vebeenawardedthescholarshipsscholarshipwillaffectyourotherstudentaidbecause

allyourstudentaidaddedtogethercan*tbemorethanyourcostofattendanceatyourcollegeor

careerschool.So,you'llneedtoletyourschoolknowifyou'vebeenawardedascholarshipso

thatthefinancialaidofficecansubtractthatamountfromyourcostofattendance(andfrom

certainotheraid,suchasloans,thatyoumighthavebeenoffered).Then,anyamountleftcanbe

coveredbyotherfinancialaidforwhichyou'reeligible.

8.Whatisamerit-basedscholarshipaccordingtothepassage?

A.Astandardsetbythescholarship-giver.

B.Afinancialawardtoacademicachievementorspecialtalent.

第4頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

C.Ascholarshipbasedonstudents'financialneed.

D.Afinancialaidforthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.

9.Somestudentsapplyforscholarshipsbetweenjuniorandsenioryearsinhighschoolin

orderto.

A.meetthedeadlineoftheirapplication

B.preparefortheirfutureinadvance

C.sendoutasmanyapplicationsastheycan

D.selectthescholarshiptheyneedthemost

10.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.themoneywillgodirectlytoyourcollegetocoverallthetuition

B.thesumofyourstudentaidshouldexceedyourcostatcollege

C.youneedtoinformyourschoolofthescholarshipyou'vebeenawarded

D.youwon'tknowtheamountofmoneyuntilitisgiventoyou

11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Togiveanintroductionofscholarships.

B.Todefinedifferentscholarships.

C.Toencouragestudentstoapplyforscholarships.

D.Topresentnewmethodsofenteringcollege.

（2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題）

D

Halfabillionyearsago,thereexistedawormlikecreaturethesizeofagrainofrice.Andanew

studyfindsthatthisanimalmayhavebeenthefirsttocrawlaroundtheseafloor,eatuporganic

matteratoneendandpoopitouttheotherend.Thecreature,dubbedIkariawariootia,was

probablyoneofouroldestrelatives.

"Ikariaismaybetheoldestbilaterian（兩側(cè)對(duì)稱動(dòng)物）thatwefindinthefossilrecord.Sothis

istwiceasoldormorethanthingslikedinosaurs.n

RiversidepaleontologistScottEvansfromUniversityofCalifornia,saysanimalslikesponges

areevenmoreancient,buttheylackthebilateralsymmetrythatcharacterizesmostanimals

today."Soafrontandabackandasymmetricalleftandrightside.Andbilateriansalsohavean

openingforfoodtogoin,anopeningforwastetogooutandagutconnectingthem,basicallya

tube.Andreally,mostanimals,everythingfrominsectstomammalstous,thoseareall

bilateriansthatarearoundtoday."

EvansandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthehumblecreaturesinfossillayersfromtheEdiacara

HillsofSouthAustralia.Theyused3-DlaserscannersfromNASAtomakehigh-resolution

imagesofIkariaandthesurfacestheylivedon.Thescansconfirmedtheanimals'bilateralbody

structureandrevealedtheshapeoftheholestheyleftfromscavengingtheseafloor.

"Itprobablyhadabodythatwasdividedintowhatwerefertoasmodules,orunitsor

segments.Andbecauseofthewayitmovedthroughthesediment,wethinkithadmusclesand

probablymovedsimilartohowanearthwormmovesbysortofextendingandcontractingits

bodyusingthosemusclegroups'1,saysEvans.

ThestudyalsoshowedthatlateranimalsbuiltoffofIkaria'sbasicbodymorphology-which

featuredasmallfrontendandalargerrearend."Itdoesn'thaveaheadoratail,butit'sstarting

thattypeofbodyorganizationbywhichthingscanbuildaheadandatail."

What'smore,Ikariahadtheabilitytosensetheenvironmentarounditandsensewherefoodwas

andwhereoxygenwas,whichisalsoacriticalevolutionarystepintheseearlyanimals.

Itmightnotseemlikewesharethatmuchwitha555-million-year-oldfossil,butlookscanbe

deceiving.There'sprobablyalittlebitofIkariainallofus.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"symmetrical"inparagraph3mean?

A.closedB.ancientC.sameD.connected

13.HowdidthebodystructureofIkariabeidentified?

A.Byusing3-Dlaserscanners.

B.Byconductingresearchinfossillayers.

C.ByrestoringtheholesIkarialeft.

D.ByanalyzingthedatafromNASA.

14.Accordingtothepassage,whichistrueaboutIkaria?

A.Ithadabilateralheadandtail.

B.Ithadtheabilitytodetectfoodandoxygen.

C.Itwastheoldestanimalontheearth.

D.Itusedcrawsandfeettomovearoundtheseafloor.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WondersofEvolution

B.IkariaIsInsideOurBody

C.Ikaria,theBestFriendofHuman

D.ABitofIkariaMaybeinBothYouandMe

第6頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

(2021?山東省、濰坊市?模擬題)Everything'sdifferentthisyear-sowhynotholidaystress?

Alltheshinywrappingpaperintheworldcan'tcoverupwhat'scomingforfamiliesthisholiday

season：canceledtraditions,travelrestrictions,quarantines(隔離)andplentyof

disputes.Nearlyoneinfiveadultssaytheirstresslevelishigherthanitwasatthesametimelast

year,withparentsinparticularpointingtotheirchildren'sschoolsituationasakeysourceof

stress.(1)

?Whatstressdoestoabody.

Whenhumanssensethatsomething'snotright,ourbrainsandbodiesjumptoattention.The

"fightorflightresponse,"whichoncehelpedusproduceburstsofspeedtoescape

predators,floodsourbodieswithadrenaline(腎上腺素).(2)Itcanleadto

heartburn,appetitechanges,andevenmakeyourhairfallout.

?Dealingwithkids*holidaystress.

Kidshaveplentyofreasonstofeelstressedabouttheholidaysthisyear.(3)They

couldbesadovernotbeingabletoseefriends,andanxiousaboutnever-endingremoteschool

situations.Expertssuggestparentsletkidshavetheirfeelingsandletthemask"Whycan'twe

question10timesinarow."Expertsalsoencourageparentstofocusonlistening.It'snotabout

fixingtheproblem.It'sabouthearingthem.

?(4)______

Familyconflictsoverholidaysarenothingnew,butthisyear'sadditionalstressorswilllooka

littledifferent.Relativesmayholdopposingviewsonthesafetyofindoorfestivities.Tocalm

thetension,don'tthinkofyourfamilyasopposingfactions.(5)Takethepersonalout

ofitandsay,"COVID-19ismakingthissohard1'.What'smore,healthydiets,goodsleep

habits,andregularexercisewillalsohelpreducestressforeveryoneinthefamily.

A.Instead,blametherootcause.

B.Makingplansforyourfamily.

C.Dealingwithyourownfamilystress.

D.Theymightbemissinglargefamilygatheringsorholidayactivities.

E.Youcanfindaboardgamewhichcanbeplayedonlinewithcousins.

F.Butbyfocusingonthingsyoucancontrol,familiescankeepthingsfromgettingworse.

G.Thesestresshormonestellourheartratestoincrease,andourbloodpressuretorise.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

(2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題)1spentschoollunchbreaksinthelibrary.Thiswasneithernerdy

reclusionnorhipsteraffectation(做作).NoJwenttothelibrary(1)becauseithad

largetablesaroundwhichmymatesandImadeeachother(2).

Still,thatbuildingleftmemanyfond(3).Ithousedaphotocopier,fromwhichI(4)

out200copiesoftheschoolnewspaperthatwasundermyeditorship.Thelibraryalso

(5)theschool'sonlycopyofMicrosoftEncarta.ltofferedthousandsofarticles,with

the(6)opportunitytoclickonashortaccompanyingvideo.Isupposethiswasintended

to(7)relatedreading.Instead,Ijustwatchedthevideosonendlessrepeat,andbecame

unhealthily(8).

Afterthat,libraries(9)seemedasmuchfun.Indeed,duringmyuniversityyears,the

librarywasperhapstheonlybuildingoncampuswherefunwasspecifically(10).1did

enjoyan(11)napinthere-slumpedoverabookofAnglo-Saxongrammarinthehope

itscontentswould(12)intomybrainbyosmosis(滲透).Nevertheless,forovera

decadeIdidn'tset(13)inalibrary.WhatwasthepointwhenIcouldbuywhatever

bookIwantedandgetit(14)tomydoorwiththeclickofamouse?

ThenIbecameadad,and,likemanyparents,re-discoveredthe(15)oflibraries.My

three-year-oldson,Harvey'sbedroomshelfwasfilledwithbrilliantbooks,butIsensedhimhad

beguntoseebooksasrathertoo(16).ThatwaswhenIrecalled,frommyown

childhood,the(17)ofwonderfulstoriesandmymixedemotionsathavingto(18)

themforanotherchildtoenjoy.IwantedHarveytohave(19)likethat.So,we

joinedourlocallibrary.NowHarveyisafirmfanofthelibrary.Hehashisownlittle

第8頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

card,understandshis(20)toreturnthebooksheborrows.

Fatherhood,then,hasrekindledmyaffectionfbrlibraries.ButImustsay,!missthelaughter.

21.A.finallyB.hardlyC.simplyD.hopefully

22.A.wonderB.laughC.sleepD.return

23.A.booksB.memoriesC.awardsD.challenges

24.A.printedB.paintedC.boughtD.found

25.A.soldB.chargedC.choseD.contained

26.A.thrillingB.cleverC.convenientD.crazy

27.A.discoverB.createC.inspireD.design

28.A.dependentB.eagerC.freeD.obsessed

29.A.alwaysB.neverC.stillD.just

30.A.encouragedB.allowedC.prohibitedD.welcomed

31.A.occasionalB.immediateC.officialD.abundant

32.A.adjustB.expandC.absorbD.press

33.A.footB.eyesC.handsD.mind

34.A.presentedB.deliveredC.producedD.removed

35.A.senseB.skillc.joyD.nature

36.A.unfamiliarB.uniqueC.urgentD.unremarkable

37.A.tripB.excitementC.storageD.response

38.A.returnB.keepC.hideD.read

39.A.knowledgeB.friendsC.intentionD.experiences

40.A.jobB.aim

C.purposeD.responsibility

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.(2021?山東省濰坊市?模擬題)Whatisdehnilionof(1)(be)strong?What

defines(2)youareastrongpersonornot?Strengthhasnothingtodowithyour

(3)(muscle)，andeverythingtodowiththewayyouhandlethe(4)

(difficult)inlife.

Inmyfamilytherearemanypeoplewhohave(5)(amaze)strength,butone

personthatstandsoutthemostismysister.Thiswomanisoneofthe(6)(strong)

womanIknow.Herson(7)(murder)manyyearsago.Shefoughtfbr20years

tofindthetruthandshe(8)(eventual)madeit.Thecriminalswerearrested

andnowareservinglifesentences.Thisishowdeterminationalong(9)

persistenceworks.Ifyouaredeterminedtoreach(10)goal,youwillfindthe

strengthtodoit.

第10頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】D【小題3】C

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】應(yīng)用文、時(shí)文廣告

【解析】(1)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ourmission部分

"OurmissionistotransformeducationinMyanmar.Weusedigitaltechnologiestosupported

ucationalchangeacrossMyanmar.我們的使命是改變緬甸的教育。我們利用數(shù)字技術(shù)支持

緬甸各地的教育變革。"可知Tekkath。為學(xué)生做的是用數(shù)字技術(shù)改變教育。故選D.

(2)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分

"Ifyouareastudentofcomputerscienceorinformationtechnologyandcanworkatleastthre

edaysaweek,youarewelcomedtoworkonTekkathoaspartofaninternshiporstudentproj

ect.如果你是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)或信息技術(shù)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，每周至少能工作三天，歡迎你作為實(shí)

習(xí)或?qū)W生項(xiàng)目的一部分在Tekkath。工作?！痹俳Y(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知符合要求的只有D.故選D.

(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段

"Stillweareseekingdonorstosupport,inpariorinfull,thecostofbuildingabrand-newdigit

allibraryforaschooloruniversityinMyanmar.Pleasecall01468523ifyouwouldliketokn

owmore.我們?nèi)栽趯で缶柚?，以部分或全部的支持，為緬甸的一一所學(xué)?；虼髮W(xué)建立一

個(gè)全新的數(shù)字圖書館的成本。如果您想了解更多，請(qǐng)致電01468523。"可知如果你想為

圖書館捐款，你應(yīng)該打電話給01468523。故選C.

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了TekkATO的詳細(xì)信息，主要包括目標(biāo)，使命，志愿者

等。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章

取義。

4.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】D

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文、健康與生活方式

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段

"TheaveragehouseholdintheUKwilllose￡470thisyearinwastedfood.Thefigurerisesto

￡700ifit'safamilywithchildren.英國(guó)普通家庭今年因浪費(fèi)食物而損失470英鎊。如果是

有孩子的家庭，這個(gè)數(shù)字會(huì)上升到700英鎊?！笨芍髡呤峭ㄟ^(guò)舉例介紹了餐廚垃圾這

一話題。故選C.

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段"In2008,

stillpassionateaboultheissue,shefoundedtheconsumermovement"StopWastingFood",

whichhasgoneontobeDenmark'slargestconsumerorganizationinthefightagainstfoodw

aste.2008年，她仍然對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題充滿熱情，創(chuàng)立了"停止浪費(fèi)食物”消費(fèi)者運(yùn)動(dòng)，該運(yùn)動(dòng)

后來(lái)成為丹麥最大的反對(duì)浪費(fèi)食物的消費(fèi)者組織?！笨芍猄elinaJuul創(chuàng)立消費(fèi)者運(yùn)動(dòng)是

因?yàn)樗龑?duì)浪費(fèi)食物的問(wèn)題很熱心。故選A.

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段

"Remacameonboard,replacingalltheirquantitydiscountswithsingle-itemdiscounts.Rema

加入了我們的行列，用單一商品的折扣取代了所有的數(shù)量折扣?！翱芍崩赚敯阉麄兯?/p>

的折扣都換成了全價(jià)商品?！笔遣徽_的。故選B.

（4）D.情感態(tài)度題。閱讀全文可知本文作者只是列舉了食物浪費(fèi)的一些例子，并且列

舉了一些人對(duì)于事物浪費(fèi)的一些看法和做法，并沒(méi)有陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)，所以是客觀的。

A.Positive積極的；B.Doubtful懷疑的；C.Indifferent漠不關(guān)心的；D.Objective客觀的。

故選D.

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者列舉了食物浪費(fèi)的一些例子，并且列舉了一些人對(duì)于事物浪費(fèi)

的一些看法和做法。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

第12頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章

取義。

8.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】A

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】新聞報(bào)道與社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、說(shuō)明文

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第?段Meritscholarshipsmightbeawardedbased

onacademicachievementoronacombinationofacademicsandaspecialtalent,trail,orinterest.

（優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金可能基于學(xué)術(shù)成就或?qū)W術(shù)與特殊天賦、特質(zhì)或興趣的結(jié)合頒發(fā)。）可知是

基于學(xué)術(shù)成就的經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。B.Afinancialawardtoacademicachievementorspecialtalent.

（對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)成就或特殊才能的經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）正確。故選B.

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第四段Somedeadlinesareasearlyasayearbeforecollege

starts,soifyou'reinhighschoolnow,youshouldberesearchingandapplyingforscholarships

duringthesummerbetweenyourjuniorandsenioryears.（有些截止日期早在大學(xué)開(kāi)學(xué)前一

年，所以如果你現(xiàn)在在讀高中，你應(yīng)該在大三和大四之間的暑假研究和申請(qǐng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。）

可知是為了滿足時(shí)間上的最后期限。A.meetthedeadlineoftheirapplication（滿足他們申

請(qǐng)的最后期限）正確。故選A.

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文最后一段So,you'llneedtoletyourschoolknowifyou'vebeen

awardedascholarshipsothatthefinancialaidofficecansubtractthatamountfromyourcostof

attendance（andfromcertainotheraid,suchasloans,thatyoumighthavebeenoffered）.（所

以，你需要讓你的學(xué)校知道你是否獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，這樣經(jīng)濟(jì)援助辦公室就可以從你的出

勤費(fèi)（以及你可能獲得的其他資助，比如貸款）中減去這筆錢。）可知你需要告訴錄取

你的學(xué)校你獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金了0C.youneedtoinformyourschoolofthescholarshipyou'vebeen

awarded（你需要通知你的學(xué)校你獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金）正確。故選C.

（4）A.目的意圖題。根據(jù)原文第一段Scholarshipsaregifts.Theydon'tneedtobe

repaid.Therearethousandsofthem,offeredbyschools,employers,individuals,private

companies,nonprofits,communities,religiousgroups,andprofessionalandsocial

organizations.Somescholarshipsforcollegearemerit-based.Youearnthembymeetingor

exceedingcertainstandardssetbythescholarship-giver.Meritscholarshipsmightbeawarded

basedonacademicachievementoronacombinationofacademicsandaspecialtalent,trait,or

interest.Otherscholarshipsarebasedonfinancialneed.（獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是禮物。他們不需要償還。

學(xué)校、雇主、個(gè)人、私人公司、非營(yíng)利組織、社區(qū)、宗教團(tuán)體、專業(yè)和社會(huì)組織提供了

數(shù)以千計(jì)的此類服務(wù)。有些大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是基于成績(jī)的。你通過(guò)達(dá)到或超過(guò)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金頒發(fā)者

設(shè)定的某些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金可能基于學(xué)術(shù)成就或?qū)W術(shù)與特殊天賦、特質(zhì)

或興趣的結(jié)合頒發(fā)。其他獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金基于經(jīng)濟(jì)需要。

許多獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是針對(duì)特定群體的，例如，有針對(duì)女性或研究生的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。有些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是因

為你或你父母的工作地點(diǎn)，或者是因?yàn)槟銇?lái)自特定的背景（例如，有針對(duì)軍人家庭的獎(jiǎng)

學(xué)金）。）可知文章旨在介紹獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是什么，如何申請(qǐng)，如何用。因此A.Togivean

introductionofscholarships.（介紹獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金）正確。故選A.

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章旨在介紹獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是什么，如何申請(qǐng)，如何用。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相

關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】D

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文、健康與生活方式

【解析】（DC.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子

""Soafrontandabackandasymmetricalleftandrightside.Andbilateriansalsohaveanop

ening

forfoodtogoin,anopeningforwastetogooutandagutconnectingthem,basicallyatube.所

以前面和后面，左右對(duì)稱。而且，雙層動(dòng)物還有一個(gè)開(kāi)口，可以讓食物進(jìn)入，一個(gè)開(kāi)口

可以讓廢物排出，還有一個(gè)連接它們的腸子，基本上就是一根管子?！笨芍?jiǎng)澗€詞的意

思是"對(duì)稱的,相同的"。A.closed關(guān)閉的；B.ancient古代的;C.same相似的；D.connected

連接的。故選C.

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段

"Theyused3-DlaserscannersfromNASAtomakehigh-resolutionimagesofIkariaandthe

surfacestheylivedon.他們使用美國(guó)宇航局的三維激光掃描儀對(duì)伊卡里亞和他們生活的

表面進(jìn)行高分辨率成像?！笨芍狪karia的身體結(jié)構(gòu)是使用三維激光掃描儀來(lái)確定的。故

選A.

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

第14頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

"What'smore,Ikariahadtheabilitytosensetheenvironmentarounditandsensewherefood

wasandwhereoxygenwas,whichisalsoacriticalevolutionarystepintheseearlyanimals.更

重要的是，Ikaria有能力感知周圍的環(huán)境，感知食物和氧氣的位置，這也是這些早期動(dòng)

物進(jìn)化的關(guān)鍵一步。"可知Ikaria它有探測(cè)食物和氧氣的能力。故選B.

(4)D.標(biāo)題歸納題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段

"Itmightnotseemlikewesharethatmuchwitha555-million-year-oldfossil,butlookscanb

edeceiving.There'sprobablyalittlebitofIkariainallofus.看起來(lái)我們和一塊5.55億年前

的化石沒(méi)有那么多共同點(diǎn)，但外表可能是騙人的，我們每個(gè)人身上可能都有一點(diǎn)伊卡里

亞的味道?！笨芍疚闹饕榻B了最古老的生物Ikaria,它可能是我們的親戚，我們每個(gè)

人身上可能都有一點(diǎn)伊卡里亞的味道。所以"D.ABitofIkariaMaybeinBothYouandMe"

作為題目最合適。故選D.

本文主要介紹了最古老的生物Ikaria,它可能是我們的親戚，我們每個(gè)人身上可能都有一

點(diǎn)伊卡里亞的味道。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或