2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市荔灣區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版）

2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市荔灣區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷

題號(hào)—?二三四總分

得分

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共45.0分）

A

閱讀下列短文從1-15每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡

上將該項(xiàng)涂黑

ReadingClubVolunteersWanted

GradeLevelCoordinators（協(xié)調(diào)員）

Theyareresponsibleformakingvolunteersjoinindiscussionsaboutreadingskills.Theyanswerquestions

abouttherulesofthereadingclubandtrytomakesurethatallvolunteerteamsarehavingafunreading

clubexperience.GradeLevelCoordinatorsoftenserveasreadersaswell,sovolunteerswishingtojoinus

musthavereadwithusatleastthreetimes.Theyarriveat8：30am.

TrainingCoordinators

Theyareresponsibleforhelpingtheteacherswithnewvolunteertraininginhowtobebetterpreparedand

moreeffectiveintheclassroomwiththekids.Volunteerswhohavealoveforpublicspeakingare

encouragedtocontactusabouthelpingasTrainingCoordinators.TrainingCoordinatorsarriveat8：30am.

SiteOperationsHelpers

SiteOperationsHelpersarriveat8：00am.Somewillhelptogiveoutsuppliesorgivebooksaway

tothechildren.Somewillhelptodirectthevolunteerstothepropergradeleveltableandsignthemin.The

othersmayhelpsignthechildreninandassign（分酉己）themtotheirreadingclubrooms.Theycanask

forhelpfromSiteCoordinatorsifneeded.

SiteCoordinators

Theyarriveat8：00amandmakesurethatthefacilities,books,supplies,andvolunteerteamsareall

readysothatthechildrencanenjoyafundayofreadingandcrafts（）.Theygreetarrivingvolunteers

andansweranyquestions.Volunteerswhoarefamiliarwiththereadingclubareencouragedtocontactus

aboutservingasSiteCoordinators.

1.WhatisaGradeLevelCoordinatorrequiredtohave?

A.Skillsofhandlingpressure.

B.Theinterestinworkingwithkids.

C.Theabilitytoworkindependently.

D.Formerexperiencesasthisclub'sreader.

2.Inwhichpositionmayonelearnmoreclassroommanagementskills?

A.SiteCoordinators.B.TrainingCoordinators.

C.SiteOperationsHelpers.D.GradeLevelCoordinators.

3.WhatdovolunteersneedtodoasSiteCoordinators?

A.Helpsignallarrivingvolunteersin.

B.Helpteachersinteachingreadingskills.

C.Preparethematerialsneededfortheactivities.

D.Guidechildrenintotherightclassrooms.

B

The60-foot-tallrockettookoffinWestTexas,sendingagroupofsixpeopleintospaceandgivingthem

afewminutesofweightlessnessbeforetheylandedbyparachute（降落傘）.

Mostofthepassengerspaidasecretsumofmoneyfortheirseats.ButKatyaEchazarreta,anengineerand

sciencecommunicator,wasselectedbyanonprofitorganizationtojointhistravelfromapoolof

thousandsofapplicants（申請A）.Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospaceandallow

themtoexperiencetheovervieweffect,whichwasreportedbyastronautswhosaythatviewingtheEarth

fromspacegivesthemagreatchangeintheirview.

"Lookingdown,youseeeveryoneisdownthere,allofourpast,allofourdifficulties,

everything—everythingisthere,“Echazarretasaid."WhenIcamebackdown,itjustcompletely

strengthenedmywishtocontinueenablingpeopleofdifferentbackgroundstogointospaceanddo

whatevertheywanttodo."

EchazarretaisthefirstMexican-bornwomantotravelintospace.ShemovedtotheUnitedStateswithher

familyattheageofseven.Sherecalled（回憶說）thatshefeltuncertaininanewplacewhereshedidn't

speakthelanguageandthatateacherwarnedhershemighthavetorepeatagrade."Itjustreallymeand

afterthat,Ijuststudiedharder,"Echazarretasaid.Latershewasthemainbreadwinnerinherfamily.She

hadsometimesuptofourjobsatthesametime,justtotrytosuccessfullygraduatefromcollege.

SheworkedinNASAbeforeanddidn'tseeotherfemaleengineerslikeher,whichinspiredherto

popularizescienceamongthepublic.Thesedays,Echazarretaisstudyingforhermaster'sdegreein

engineeringatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Shealsohasafollowingofmorethan330,000fansonTikTok,

andhostsascience-focusedYouTubeseries.

4.WhywasEchazarretachosentotravelintospace?

A.Shemadegreateffortstosetupanonprofitorganization.

B.Shesupportedtheprojectwithabigsumofmoney.

C.Shewasconsideredtobeanexcellentwoman.

D.Shewasanexpertinspacescience.

5.WhatwasinEchazarreta'smindaftershereturnedfromspacetravel?

A.Tomakewomenscientistsknowntothepublic.

B.Tosharethebeautyofspaceonsocialmedia.

C.Toencouragethepublictolearnscience.

D.Tohelpmorepeopletravelintospace.

6.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacethewordnfueledninParagraph4?

A.Beat.B.Drove.C.Confused.D.Attracted.

7.WhatkindofpersonisprobablyEchazarreta?

A.Inspiringandhardworking.B.Humorousandoutgoing.

C.Talentedandcreative.D.Calmandconfident.

c

Doyousometimespaynoattentiontoyourmomwhilechattingwithfriends?Ifyou'reateen,that'sfairly

common.Andnewresearchmayexplainwhysomanyadolescents（年）stoplisteningtotheirmoms1

voices.

Theresearchersstudiedthebrainsof7-to16-year-oldkidsastheylistenedtothingssaidbytheirmothers

orbyunfamiliarwomen.Asthekidslistened,certainpartsoftheirbrainsbecameactive.Thiswas

especiallytrueinbrainregionsthathelpustopayattention.

DanielAbrams,ascientist,andhisco-workersalreadyknewthatyoungerkids'brains

respond（反應(yīng)）morestronglytotheirmoms'voicesthantostrangers*."Inadolescence,weshowthe

exactoppositeofthat,"Abramssays.Forteens,thesebrainregionsrespondmoretounfamiliarvoices

thantotheirmoms*."Asateen,youdon'tknowyou'redoingthis.YouYejustbeingyou：You'vegotyour

newfriendsandyouwanttospendtimewiththem.Youtakemorenoticeoftheseunfamiliarvoices,”

Abramsadds.

Theseareasintheadolescentbraindon'tstoprespondingtoMom.Itsjustthat

unfamiliarvoicesbecomemoreattractiveandthenareworthyofattention.Askidsgrowup,theyexpand

（擴(kuò)大）theirsocialconnectionswaybeyondtheirfamily.Sotheirbrainsneedtobeginpayingmore

attentiontothatwiderworld."That'sexactlywhatitshouldbelike,"

Abramssays.

Thebrainseemstoadapttonewneedsthatcomewithadolescence."Aswegrowup,oursurvivaldepends

lessandlessonourmother'ssupport,usaysLeslieSeltzer,ascientist.uInstead,wedependmoreandmore

onourfriendsandothersatthesameageasus.”Sowhilebothteensandtheirparentsmaysometimesfeel

sadaboutmissedmessages,thafsokay.Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks,andthere*sagoodreason

forit.

8.Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?

A.Theadolescents'braindevelopment.

B.Theteens*responsetotheirmothers*voices.

C.Therelationshipbetweenkidsandtheirmothers.

D.Theinfluenceofmothersontheirkids'characters.

9.WhatdoAbrams'swordsinParagraph3suggest?

A.Teens*mindtendstobeattractedtounfamiliarvoices.

B.Teens1brainactivityiscloselyrelatedtotheirages.

C.Teensusuallyhaveabadrelationshipwiththeirparents.

D.Teenssometimeshavedifficultyfocusingtheirattention.

10.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheobviousfeatureoftheadolescentbrain?

A.Teens'greatpressureofstudy.

B.Teens1wishtoliveanindependentlife.

C.Teens1increasingfocusonnewthings.

D.Teens*discomfortoftalkingwiththeirparents.

11.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononthechangeinteens'socialpreferences?

A.Itcanincreasetheirbrainactivity.

B.Itisconfusing.

C.Itleadstofailureinlaterlife.

D.Itisunderstandable.

D

Onethingthatismissingfrommostchildren'seducationthesedaysisnaturalhistory.Bythat,Imean

gettingoutintonatureanddigginginthedirt,catchinginsectsandlearning

thenamesofanimalsandtrees.

Noamountofbook-orcomputer-basedlearningcanevertaketheplaceofthefirst-handexperienceof

messingaroundinthewilderness.AsbiologistElaineBrookssaysinRichardLouv'sbook,LastChildin

theWoods,humansseldomvaluewhattheycannotname.Childrenmustbecomefamiliarwithnature,

orelsetheywillnotunderstandwhyitneedstobeprotected.

Buthowdoesoneteachachildtoknownature?AnewseriesofeducationalbookscalledOutdoorSchool

mightbeabletohelp.Thisseriesincludesthreetextbooks,allofwhichofferawealthoffacts,skills,

andpicturesaboutthenaturalworldtocuriouschildren.TitledAnimalWatching,HikingandCamping,

andRock,Fossil,andShellHunting,thebooksprovidepagesformakingobservations,answering

questions,andreflecting（深思）onwhatthechildhaslearned.Kidswilllearnhowtoidentifywildflowers,

buildarockcollection,setupatentandsomuchmore.

Asaparentwhohasbeenhomeschoolingmykidsforthepastfewmonths,thesebookshavecomein

handy.IuseAnimalWatchingaspartoftheirdailylessonplan,requiringmykidstoreadonechapter（章）

adayandtakepartintheactivitiesoutlinedinthebook.lthasbecomethehighlightoftheirday.Theyhead

outsidewiththebookandpencilinhandandobservethecomingsandgoingsofbirdsandsmallanimalsin

ouryardortheparks.

Theseriessuitschildrenlivinginallsortsofenvironments.Thereisplentyofinformationaboutanimals,

rocksandshellsthatcaneasilybefoundinurbanparksorshorelines.OutdoorSchooldoesmorethanjust

getkidsoutintonature；itprovidesthemwiththetoolstoexploreandunderstandit.

12.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthesecondparagraph?

A.Beingclosetonatureraiseschildren'senvironmentalawareness.

B.Masteringsomebasiclifeskillsisdifficultforchildren.

C.Outdooractivitiescanimprovechildren'screativity.

D.Childrenshouldlearnaboutnatureinfunways.

13.HowdoesOutdoorSchoolbenefitchildren?

A.Itteachesthemtodrawpicturesforstories.

B.Itofferscarefulguidanceontheirschoollife.

C.Itrecommendssomeinterestingcampingactivities.

D.Itstrengthenstheirnatureeducationwithusefulmethods.

14.Whatismainlymentionedabouttheauthor'skids?

A.Playtimemakesthemstayenergetic.

B.Theyareundergreatpressuretostudy.

C.Theyareafraidtotouchunfamiliaranimals.

D.Readingincreasestheirinterestinexploringnature.

15.Whatprobablyisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.

C.Ascientificstudy.D.Anadvertisement.

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共15.0分）

閱讀下酶文從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Doingwellinsciencedependsondevelopingeffective（有效的）studyskillsandlearningtoparticipate

inclass.Ifyou'vegotgoodstudyskillsinothercourses,you'llbeabletousethemtodowellinscience.

Readtheassigned(指定的)material.Whenyourteacherassignsyoutoreadsomethingfromatextbook,

taketimetoreaditbeforeyoucometoclass.Ifyoudon'thavetimetoreaditwell,it'sagoodideatolook

throughitsothatyouhaveanideaofwhatit*sabout.⑴

Takeclear,organizednotes.Thenotesyoutakeinclasswillhelpyouknowwhattostudybetweenclasses.

(2)Instead,paycarefulattentiontoanyinformationyourteachersuggestsislikelytobeincludedon

tests.Besides,recordingalecturewillallowyoutogobackandhearitagain.

Refertovarioussources.Whenstudyingyournotes,youcannotonlyrefertothetextbooksbutuseInternet

searchestodeepenyourunderstanding.(3)Forexample,KhanAcademyisagoodsourceformany

scientifictopics.

Bepreparedforthelab.Manyscienceclassesincludelabs,whicharedemonstrations(證明)oftechniques

you'velearned.(4)Readtheinstructionsforthelabbeforeclass.

Bringallnecessarymaterialstoyourlab.Dressingproperlywillalsobeimportantforyoursuccessinlabs.

(5)Inmostcases,labexperimentsaremeanttobedonebyagroupof2ormorestudents.Thismeansthat

youprobablywon'thavetimetodothewholeexperimentonyourown，andwillneedtorelyonthegroup's

efforts.

A.Rereadyournotesafterclass.

B.Workeffectivelywithothers.

C.Don'ttrytowritedowneverythingthattheteachersays.

D.Makesureyoucarryoutexperimentsinaproperandsafeway.

E.Yourreportshouldshowthedatayoufoundthroughyourresearch.

F.Thenyou'llbepreparedtoanswerquestionsandtakepartindiscussions.

G.Sometimesyoursubjectmatterwillbebetterexplainedbyanothersource

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共45.0分)

閱讀下觸文從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Inthesummerof2020,IwasleadingeightjuniorhighkidsthroughtheAppalachianMountains.Fora

youngteacher,thatwasalotof(21).

WhenIwasateenager,timeinthewoodsmeant(22)frommydifficulthomelife.Thesightsandsoundsof

nature(23)thecondemning(指責(zé)的)voicesI,dgrownup

hearingathome.ButIcouldnevercompletely(24)them,especiallywhenothersweredependingonme.

Wewerehavinga(n)(25)campingtrip.Iusedourhikethroughthewoodsto(26)thekidsandtheyallwere

interested.Suddenly,oneofthegirlsinthegroupcalled(27),"Mr.Heim,mycompasssayswe'rewalking

south."Thatwasimpossible.Fdrepeatedly(28)ourpositiononthemap.Icouldn'tbeso(29)thatIwas

leadingmystudentsintheoppositedirection,couldI?

Ikeptmyfacecalm,butcondemningvoiceshadalready(30)inmyhead.Thekidswere(31),andtheir

leaderhadnoideawhichwaytogo.Whata(n)(32)Iwas!We'djuststartedwalkingagainwhenIsawa

hiker.Hetoldusexactlywherewewere.Thenhe(33)us,"You'reheadingintherightdirection.Justkeep

followingthispathandyou'llreachbasecampbynightfall."Hiswordsmademeregainmy(34).Atthat

moment,IrealizedIhadtoleamtobelievemyselfandnotletmyinnerbarriers(障礙)influencemy(35)

inthefuture.

21.A.comparisonB.satisfactionC.responsibilityD.failure

22.A.freedomB.tirednessC.safetyD.suffering

23.A.causedB.organizedC.raisedD.quieted

24.A.thinkofB.searchforC.getoverD.believein

25.A.smoothB.confusingC.terribleD.unfair

26.A.refuseB.inspireC.describeD.separate

27.A.proudlyB.thankfullyC.excitedlyD.anxiously

28.A.checkedB.exchangedC.plannedD.translated

29.A.carefulB.unprofessionalC.impoliteD.dishonest

30.A.disappearedB.hiddenC.restedD.started

31.A.similarB.boredC.helplessD.suitable

32.A.loserB.actorC.winnerD.expert

33.A.warnedB.introducedC.admiredD.comforted

34.A.healthB.confidenceC.regretD.kindness

35.A.honorB.imaginationC.judgmentD.pleasure

第n卷（非選擇題）

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共30.0分)

36.閱讀下黃豆文在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

DavidJonesJr.lovesoutdooractivities.Oneday,he(l)(fish)whenheheardscreamscomingfrom

theriver.Withinseconds,hefoundaboyfloatinginthemiddleoftheriver."Ihadthatsenseof

urgencythatIneededtodrop(2)Iwasdoingandkayaked(劃)overthere,°saidDavid.

(3)wasDavid'sexperienceinlawenforcement(執(zhí)行)thathelpedhimtostaycalmandmakethe

properdecisionduringtheserioussituation.Hequicklysavedthechildandtookhimbackto(4)

(safe)300yardsaway.Inaninterview,Davidsaid,"Thatkidisreallystrongandshould(5)

(praise).Forhim,toscreamasloudlyashecouldinthatmatterallowedhim(6)(get)help.1'

Theboylatertoldthepolicemanthathegotseparated(7)hisdad'ssailboatanddrifted(漂流)

away.Andhehad⑻(confident)toldhisparentbeforethathewouldswimbacktoshore，buthe

wasnotabletodosoduetothe⑼(power)windandwaves.Hehopedotherswimming(10)

(lover)couldlearnalessonfromhisexperience.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

⑼

(10)

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

［解析］（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GradeLevelCoordinator這一部分GradeLevelCoordinatorsoften

serveasreadersaswell,sovolunteerswishingtojoinusmusthavereadwithusatleastthreetimes（年

級協(xié)調(diào)人通常也會(huì)擔(dān)任讀書人，因此有意加入我們的志愿者必須有至少三次與我們一起閱讀的經(jīng)

歷）可知，志愿者需要有俱樂部讀者的閱讀經(jīng)歷。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TrainingCoordinators這一部分Theyareresponsibleforhelpingthe

teacherswithnewvolunteertraininginhowtobebetterpreparedandmoreeffectiveintheclassroomwith

thekids（他們負(fù)責(zé)幫助老師進(jìn)行新的志愿者培訓(xùn)，讓他們在課堂上更好地準(zhǔn)備和更有效地與孩子

們在一起）可知，TrainingCoordinators可以學(xué)習(xí)到課堂管理技巧。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SiteCoordinators這一部分Theyarriveat8：00amandmakesurethatthe

facilities,books,supplies,andvolunteerteamsareallreadysothatthechildrencanenjoyafundayof

readingandcrafts.（他們早上8點(diǎn)到達(dá)，確保設(shè)施、書籍、用品和志愿者團(tuán)隊(duì)都準(zhǔn)備好了，這樣孩

子們就可以享受閱讀和手工的快樂一天）可知，SiteCoordinators可以幫助準(zhǔn)備好所需的資料。故

選Co

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了讀書會(huì)招聘四個(gè)職位的志愿者。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段BuiKatyaEchazarreta.anengineerandsciencecommunicator,

wasselectedbyanonprofitorganizationtojointhistravelfromapoolofthousandsofapplicants（申請

人）.Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospaceandallowthemtoexperiencetheoverview

effect,whichwasreportedbyastronautswhosaythatviewingtheEarthfromspacegivesthemagreat

changeintheirview.（但KatyaEcharreta,一名工程師和科學(xué)傳播者，被一個(gè)非營利組織從成千上

萬的申請者中挑選出來參加這次旅行。該組織的目標(biāo)是將偉大的領(lǐng)袖送入太空，讓他們體驗(yàn)概覽

效應(yīng)，宇航員曾報(bào)道過這一點(diǎn)，他們表示從太空觀察地球會(huì)讓他們的觀點(diǎn)發(fā)生巨大變化。）可知，

工程師和科學(xué)傳播者KatyaEchazarreta應(yīng)該是自己行業(yè)內(nèi)一位優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)袖，因此很優(yōu)秀。故選C。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段WhenIcamebackdown,itjustcompletelystrengthenedmywishto

continueenablingpeopleofdifferentbackgroundstogointospaceanddowhatevertheywanttodo.(當(dāng)

我回來的時(shí)候，這完全加強(qiáng)了我的愿望：繼續(xù)讓不同背景的人進(jìn)入太空，做他們想做的任何事。)

可知，從太空回來之后，Echazarreta想幫助更多的人進(jìn)入太空。故選D。

(3)詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞所在的倒數(shù)第三句的后部分andafterthat,Ijuststudiedharder

(而且自那以后，我只是更努力地學(xué)習(xí))可知，老師威脅她要留級反而激勵(lì)了她努力學(xué)習(xí)，可知

劃線單詞所在句子Itjustreally___meandafterthat,Ijuststudiedharder的意思是：這

真的激勵(lì)了我，在那之后，我更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。因此劃線單詞的意思是：驅(qū)使，鼓勵(lì)。A.Beat打

?。籅.Drove驅(qū)使；C.Confused使迷惑；D.Attracted吸引中。選擇B項(xiàng)合適。故選B。

(4)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Thesedays,Echazarretaisstudyingforhermaster'sdegreein

engineeringatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Shealsohasafollowingofmorethan30,000fansonTikTok,

andhostsascience-focusedYouTubeseries.(最近，Echazarreta正在約翰.霍普金斯大學(xué)攻讀工程碩

士學(xué)位。她還在TikTok上擁有超過33萬粉絲，并主持了一個(gè)以科學(xué)為主題的YouTube系列節(jié)目。)

可知，Echazarreta本來就很優(yōu)秀的還在攻讀學(xué)位，而且有那么多的粉絲，這說明她很勤奮，而且

她所做的事鼓舞人心，讓大家備受鼓舞。A.Inspiringandhardworking.鼓舞人心和努力工作的；

B.Humorousandoutgoing.幽默外向的；C.Talentedandcreative.才華橫溢且富有創(chuàng)造力的；

D.Calmandconfident.冷靜而自信的。故洗A。

這是一篇記敘文。講述了Katya氏hazarreta作為優(yōu)秀代表被選入去太空，返回地球后她開始致力

于推廣這一事業(yè)，以期更多的人能體驗(yàn)上太空。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8?11.【答案】B、A、C、D

【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Andnewresearchmayexplainwhysomanyadolescentsstop

listeningtotheirmoms^oices.(新的研究或許可以解釋為什么這么多青少年不再聽媽媽的聲音。)

可知，這項(xiàng)新研究關(guān)注的是青少年對媽媽的聲音的回應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。

(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段YouYejustbeingyouYou'vegotyournewfriendsandyouwanttospend

timewiththem.Youtakemorenoticeoftheseunfamiliarvoices,"Abramsadds.("你只是在做你自己：

有了新朋友，你想和他們待在一起。你會(huì)更加注意這些陌生的聲音，“Abrams補(bǔ)充道。）可知，

Abrams的話表明青少年往往被不熟悉的聲音吸引。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Sotheirbrainsneedtobeginpayingmoreattentiontothatwider

world."That'sexactlywhatitshouldbelike,"Abramssays（所以他們的大腦需要開始更多地關(guān)注這

個(gè)更廣闊的世界。Abrams說：”這正是它應(yīng)該有的樣子?！保┛芍瑢?dǎo)致青少年大腦這種明顯特征

的原因是他們越來越關(guān)注新鮮的事物。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks,andthere'sagoodreasonfor

t.（這就是青少年大腦的工作方式，這是有原因的。）可知，對于青少年社交偏好上的改變，作者

認(rèn)為這是合乎情理的，可理解的。A.Itcanincreasetheirbrainactivity.它可以增加他們的大腦活動(dòng)；

B.Itisconfusing.這令人困惑的；C.Itleadstofailureinlaterlife.它會(huì)在以后的生活中導(dǎo)致失??；

D.Itisunderstandable.這是可以理解的。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是一篇說明文。研究表明，青少年有時(shí)忽略媽媽的聲音（話語），是因?yàn)樵谶@一個(gè)階段，他們

需要探索更廣泛的世界，大腦的注意力也更關(guān)注不熟悉的聲音。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12?15.【答案】A、D、D、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Childrenmustbecomefamiliarwithnature,

orelsetheywillnotunderstandwhyitneedstobeprotected.（孩子們必須熟悉大自然，否則他們不會(huì)

理解為什么需要保護(hù)大自然。）可知，作者在第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)讓孩子們接近大自然能提高孩子的環(huán)保

意識(shí)。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Buthowdoesoneteachachildtoknownature?

AnewseriesofeducationalbookscalledOutdoorSchoolmightbeabletohelp.Thisseriesincludesthree

textbooks,allofwhichofferawealthoffacts,skills,

andpicturesaboutthenaturalworldtocuriouschildren.TitledAnimalWatching,HikingandCamping,

andRock,Fossil,andShellHunting,thebooksprovidepagesformakingobservations,

answeringquestions,andreflecting（深思）onwhatthechildhaslearned.（但是如何教一個(gè)孩子認(rèn)

識(shí)自然呢？一個(gè)叫做OutdoorSchool的新系列教育書籍可能會(huì)有所幫助。這一系列包括三本教科

書，所有這些教科書都為好奇的孩子提供了豐富的事實(shí)、技能和有關(guān)自然世界的圖片。書名為《觀

察動(dòng)物》，徒步旅行和露營》，以及《巖石，化石和貝殼狩獵》提供了觀察、回答問題和反思孩

子所學(xué)的內(nèi)容。）可知，OutdoorSchool系列叢書用有益的方法加強(qiáng)自然教育。因此

D.Itstrengthenstheirnatureeducationwithusefulmethods.（它用有用的方法加強(qiáng)他們的自然教育。）

符合題意。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段IuseAnimalWatchingaspartoftheirdailylessonplan,

requiringmykidstoreadonechapter（章）adayandtakepartintheactivitiesoutlinedinthe

book.lthasbecomethehighlightoftheirday.Theyheadoutsidewiththebookandpencilinhandandob

servethecomingsandgoingsofbirdsandsmallanimalsinouryardortheparks.（我把《觀察動(dòng)物》作

為他們?nèi)粘＝虒W(xué)計(jì)劃的一部分，要求我的孩子每天閱讀一章，并參加書中概述的活動(dòng)。這已經(jīng)成

為他們一天中的亮點(diǎn)。他們手里拿著書和鉛筆走到外面，觀察我們院子里或公園里鳥兒和小動(dòng)物

的來來往往。）可知，作者的孩子們通過閱讀，增加了他們探索自然的興趣。故選D。

（4）文章出處題。根據(jù)文章最后一段

Theseriessuitschildrenlivinginallsortsofenvironments.Thereisplentyofinformationaboutanimals,

rocksandshellsthatcaneasilybefoundinurbanparksor

shore!ines.OutdoorSchooldoesmorethanjustgetkidsoutintonature；itprovidesthem

withthetoolstoexploreandunderstandit.（該系列適合生活在各種環(huán)境中的兒童。有大量關(guān)于動(dòng)物、

巖石和貝殼的信息，可以很容易地在城市公園或海岸線找到。戶外學(xué)校不僅僅是讓孩子們走進(jìn)大

自然；它為他們提供了探索和理解它的工具。）可知本文為了幫助孩子們了解大自然，本文介紹

了"OutdoorSchool"兒童系列叢書。說明本文是一篇書評。A.Anewsreport.新聞報(bào)道；

B.Abookreview.書評；C.Ascientificstudy.一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究；D.Anadvertisement.一個(gè)廣告。故選B。

這是一篇說明文。為了幫助孩子們了解大自然，本文介紹了"OutdoorSchool"兒童系列叢書。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】F、C、G、D、B

［解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Whenyourteacherassignsyoutoreadsomethingfromatextbook,

taketimetoreaditbeforeyoucometoclass.Ifyoudon'thavetimetoreaditwell,

it'sagoodideatolookthroughitsothatyouhaveanideaofwhatit'sabout（當(dāng)你的老師讓你讀課本上

的東西時(shí)，在你上課之前花點(diǎn)時(shí)間讀一讀。如果你沒有時(shí)間好好讀，最好把它讀一遍，這樣你就

知道它是什么意思了），可知表示"然后你將準(zhǔn)備好回答問題并參加討論”的選項(xiàng)F符合前后的語

境，readsomethingfromatextbook和answerquestionsandtakepartindiscussions是關(guān)鍵詞，故選F。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Thenotesyoutakeinclasswillhelpyouknowwhatto

studybetweenclasses（你在課堂上做的筆記將幫助你知道在課間學(xué)習(xí)什么）；以及后句Instead,

paycarefulattentiontoanyinformationyourteachersuggestsislikelytobeincludedontests（相反，要

仔細(xì)注意老師建議的任何可能包含在考試中的信息），可知表示“不要試圖把老師說的一切都寫下

來”的選項(xiàng)C可以起到承上啟下的作用，故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Refertovarioussources.Whenstudyingyournotes,

youcannotonlyrefertothetextbooksbutuseInternetsearchestodeepenyourunderstanding（參考各

種來源。學(xué)習(xí)筆記時(shí)，你不僅可以參考課本，還可以使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索來加深理解），可知表示“

有時(shí)你的主題會(huì)被來源于另一個(gè)材料的內(nèi)容更好地解釋”的選項(xiàng)G符合前后的語境,varioussources

和anothersource是關(guān)鍵詞，故選G。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后句Readtheinstructionsforthelabbeforeclass（上課前閱讀實(shí)驗(yàn)室說明）,

可知表示”確保以正確、安全的方式進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)”的選項(xiàng)D符合前后的語境，iheinstructionsforthelab

和can-youtexperimentsinaproperandsafeway是關(guān)鍵詞，故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文Inmostcases,

labexperimentsaremeanttobedonebyagroupof2ormorestudents.Thismeansthatyouprobablywo

n'thavetimetodothewholeexperimentonyourown,andwillneedtorelyonthegroup'sefforts（在大

多數(shù)情況下，實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)是由兩個(gè)或更多的學(xué)生組成的小組完成的。這意味著你可能沒有時(shí)間獨(dú)

自完成整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，需要依靠小組的努力），可知表示”與他人有效合作”的選項(xiàng)B符合前后的語境，

agroupof2ormorestudents和withothers是關(guān)鍵詞，故選B。

本文是一篇說明文。作者介紹了幾個(gè)在科學(xué)方面有效的學(xué)習(xí)技能。

這是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文

語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、C、A、D、B、C

【解析】（1）考查名詞及語境理