2022年中考英語(yǔ)(百色專用)復(fù)習(xí)精講教學(xué)案-專題2代詞

專題二代詞人稱代詞(2020/2019/2017考，選擇填空、單詞拼寫(xiě)考查)選擇填空。(A)1.(2021柳州柳江區(qū)三模改編)—Whatdoesyoursisterdo?—Oh,________isateacher.A．sheB．heC．itD．her(B)2.(2021北京)Mary'sbirthdayiscoming.We'vedecidedtomakeacakefor________．A．himB．herC．youD．them(D)3.(2021盤(pán)錦)JudyandLilylikesports,and________oftenplayvolleyballafterschool.A．weB．youC．theirD．they(A)4.(2021連云港)MissLi,ahumorousteacher,taught________mathslastterm.A．usB．ourC．oursD.ourselves(A)5.(2021岳陽(yáng)改編)Mybestfriendand________werefixingupthebrokenmachinewhentherainstormcame.A．IB．meC．mineD．myself(1)人稱代詞分為主格和賓格，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。人稱代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格Iyoushehe(2017、T28)itweyouthey賓格meyouher(2020、T82)himitusyouthem(2019、T28)(2)人稱代詞主格在句中作主語(yǔ)。如：Sheisateacher.她是一位老師。(3)人稱代詞賓格在句中作動(dòng)詞、介詞的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如：Dothechildrenlikethem？孩子們喜歡他們嗎？(作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ))Thecakeisforhim.這個(gè)蛋糕是給他的。(作介詞的賓語(yǔ))—Whoisknockingatthedoor？誰(shuí)在敲門(mén)？—It'sme.是我。(作表語(yǔ))物主代詞(2021/2019/2016/2014考，選擇填空、完形填空、單詞拼寫(xiě)考查)選擇填空。(C)1.(2021瀘州)—IsthisLinda'snotebook?—No,it'smine.Thethickoneonthedeskis________．A．sheB．herC．hersD．herself(A)2.Thisismypetdog.________nameisDingding.A．ItsB．It'sC．ItD．That(D)3.CanIuseyourcomputertodomyhomework,Jack?There'ssomethingwrongwith________．A．yoursB．hersC．hisD．mine(B)4.(2021天津)Mike'sauntis________Englishteacher.Wealllike________．A．our；sheB．our；herC．we；sheD．we；her單詞拼寫(xiě)。5．Let'sclean__our__(我們的)classroomafterschool.6．It'simportantforchildrentohelp__their__(他們的)parentswithhousework.7．Mynewstorybookisinteresting,but__his__(他的)isboring.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。8．Mycousin'sbicycleisquitedifferentfrommine(I).9．Thisisn't__her__sweater.__Hers__isgreen.(she)(1)物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞my(2021、T28)yourher(2016、T26)hisitsour(2019、T76；2014、T26)yourtheir(2021、T47)名詞性物主代詞mine(2014、T76)yours(2021、T28)hershis(2014、T54)itsoursyourstheirs(2)形容詞性物主代詞后接名詞，不能單獨(dú)使用。如：Myparentsaredoctors.我的父母是醫(yī)生。(3)名詞性物主代詞可單獨(dú)使用，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”。如：Thecomputersonthedeskaretheirs.桌上的電腦是他們的。(theirs＝theircomputers)(4)名詞性物主代詞可與of連用，相當(dāng)于“of＋名詞所有格”，表示部分概念。如：Sheisafriendofmine.她是我的一個(gè)朋友。反身代詞(2020/2018/2015/2014考，選擇填空、選詞填空、單詞拼寫(xiě)考查)選擇填空。(B)1.(2021河池鳳山縣二模)Mysisterissocleverthatshecanteach________Englishbywatchingthevideos.A．himselfB．herselfC．myselfD．itself(D)2.(2021黃岡)—We'llhavetheP．E.testnextweek.Ifeelalittlenervous.—Relax!Believein________andpracticemore.A．youB．yourC．yoursD．yourself(C)3.Boysandgirls，youshouldlookafter________whenyourparentsarenotathome.A．himselfB．herselfC．yourselvesD．themselves(D)4.(2021黔東南州)—DidyourparentshaveagoodtimeduringthetriptoShibing?—Yes.Theyenjoyed________．A．theyB．themC．theirsD．themselves單詞拼寫(xiě)。5．Mom，I'moldenoughtodress__myself__(我自己)．用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。6．(廣西背景特色題)YesterdaywewenttoSanniangwan(三娘灣)withourteachersandweenjoyedourselves(we).反身代詞表示“某人自己(oneself)”。1．分類人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves(2020、T31)第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱herself，himself(2018、T79)，itself(2015、T84)themselves(2014、T74)2.用法(1)反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)(不能單獨(dú)用作主語(yǔ))，和句子中的主語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)自己本身。如：Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者，天助之。(2)反身代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的作用。如：Maryherselfworkedouttheproblem.瑪麗自己解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。3．用于固定搭配中teachoneself自學(xué)byoneself獨(dú)自(2018、T79；2015、T84)enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快；玩得高興(2020、T31)helponeselfto隨便吃/用takecareof/lookafteroneself照顧好自己指示代詞(僅2015考，選擇填空考查)選擇填空。(C)1.(原創(chuàng)題)Ithink________isnecessarytosavewater.A．thatB．thisC．itD．its(A)2.(2021天水)IhaveafewbooksonChinesefood.Youcanborrow________ifyouwant.A．oneB．itC．muchD．a(chǎn)little(A)3.(2021蘇州)ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthreeeighthsof________ontheEarth.A．thatB．thoseC．oneD．ones用適當(dāng)?shù)闹甘敬~填空。4．Thereareenoughcupsforeachvisitortohave__one__．5．Ican'tfindmyticket.IthinkImayhavelost__it__．6．TheweatherinJiliniscolderthan__that__inJinaninwinter.指示代詞是表示指示概念的代詞，可以在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。1．this，that，these，those的用法區(qū)別常用的指示代詞有this和that，復(fù)數(shù)為these和those。(1)this/these這個(gè)/這些①指近處的事物。如：ThisisLisa'smobilephone.這是莉薩的手機(jī)。Thesearetheirbooks.這些是他們的書(shū)。②指下文要提到的事。如：Pleaserememberthis：Nopain，nogain.請(qǐng)記?。阂环指?，一分收獲。(2)that/those那個(gè)/那些①指遠(yuǎn)處的事物。如：That'smyfather'scomputer.那是我父親的電腦。ThoseareSusan'snewbooks.那些是蘇珊的新書(shū)。②指前面剛提到過(guò)的事或特指上文提到的人或物。如：Hewasill.Thatwaswhyhedidn'tgotoschool.他病了。那就是他沒(méi)有去上學(xué)的原因。(3)電話用語(yǔ)中介紹自己用this，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方用that。如：ThisisJerryspeaking.Who'sthat？我是杰里。你是誰(shuí)？2．it，one，that的用法區(qū)別代詞用法例句it特指上文提及的同一個(gè)事物或前面提及的情況；代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞Thecakeisdelicious.Ilikeitverymuch.蛋糕很美味，我很喜歡。one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè)，同類但不是同一個(gè)；其復(fù)數(shù)形式為onesMycoatisveryold.I'llbuyanewone.我的外套很舊，我要買一件新的。續(xù)表代詞用法例句that常用于比較句式中，代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞，以免重復(fù)。that指代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞；those指代復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofKun-ming.上海的人口比昆明的(人口)多。3.it的常見(jiàn)用法(2015、T28)it可替代動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，也可用于某些固定句型中。(1)用作形式主語(yǔ)，常用于下列句型中：It's＋adj.(for/ofsb.)＋todosth.It'stimetodo/for/that…Itseemsthat…It'sone'sturntodosth.It's＋adj.＋that從句(2)作形式賓語(yǔ)如：Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline？你認(rèn)為學(xué)會(huì)排隊(duì)是必要的嗎？不定代詞(2021/2018/2017/2016/2015/2014考，選擇填空、完形填空、選詞填空、單詞拼寫(xiě)考查)選擇填空。(C)1.(2021銅仁)—Thisdressistoolong.Pleasegiveme________one.—Sure,madam.Give________backtomeandtryonthisone.A．other；oneB．other；itC．a(chǎn)nother；itD．a(chǎn)nother；one(A)2.(2021武漢)—TherearemainlysixkindsofteainChina.Whichisyourfavorite?—Greentea,Iguess.I'vetriedblacktea,greenteaandsoon,and________ofthemhavetheirspecialtastes.A．a(chǎn)llB．bothC．noneD．neither(C)3.(2021揚(yáng)州)—Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?—________．Ilikegreen.A．EitherB．BothC．NeitherD．None(C)4.(2021連云港)Lookatthesign,please.Youcanparkyourcaron________sideofthestreet.A．bothB．otherC．eitherD．a(chǎn)ll從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)填空。eq\x(few，little，afew，alittle)5．Heatelittlebecausehewassick.6．Myfathertoldmea__fewofthestorieshisfatherhadtoldhim.7．FewoftheyoungmenwereafraidofdeathandtriedtheirbesttoputoutthefireinLiangshan.8．Ifyouhaveanysparemilk，couldyougivemea__little?other，another，theother，theothers，others9．Theguestscameoneafteranother．10．Mrs.Millerhastwosons.Oneisapolicemanand__the__otherisadoctor.11．(原創(chuàng)題)LeiFengwasalwaysreadytohelpothers.12．Therearesomebooksinthebox.Tenofthemaremine，andthe__othersaremysister's.13．Harryworkedoutthemathprobleminadifferentwayfromanyother．不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞沒(méi)有主格和賓格之分，通常在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。1．普通不定代詞(1)alittle，little，afew與few(考點(diǎn)講解詳見(jiàn)P30“考點(diǎn)3”)(2)other，theother，others，theothers與another(2021、T42；2017、T80)(考點(diǎn)講解詳見(jiàn)P23“考點(diǎn)1”)(3)many與much(2017、T47)many和much作代詞，意為“許多；大量”。many代指可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much代指不可數(shù)名詞，它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。(4)some與any(2016、T74)(考點(diǎn)講解詳見(jiàn)P5“考點(diǎn)2”)(5)both，neither，either，all與none單詞范圍含義及用法例句both兩者表示“兩者都”。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。常用詞組：both…and…BothofthemarefromtheUK.他們倆都來(lái)自英國(guó)。neither(2015、T52)兩者表示“(兩者中)一個(gè)都沒(méi)有”。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。常用詞組：neither…nor…(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循“就近原則”)Neitherofmyparentsspeak(s)English.我的父母都不會(huì)講英語(yǔ)。Neithershenorhersistershaveacar.她和她的姐妹們都沒(méi)有車。either表示“兩者中的任意一個(gè)”。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。常用詞組：either…or…(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循“就近原則”)Youcankeepeitherofthephotos.你可以保留這兩張照片中的任意一張。Itwaseithercloudyorrainyrecently.最近不是陰天就是下雨。續(xù)表單詞范圍含義及用法例句all三者及以上表示“(三者或三者以上)全部都”That'sallIhave.這是我所擁有的一切。none表示“(三者或三者以上)都不”Noneofusknowhowtotreather.我們都不知道該如何對(duì)待她。2.復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞(2018、T28；2016、T48；2014、T31)是百色中考的?？键c(diǎn)，具體側(cè)重考查詞義辨析和形容詞后置，學(xué)生需熟練掌握。常見(jiàn)的復(fù)合不定代詞如下：somebody(某人)anybody(任何人)nobody(沒(méi)有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(任何人)noone(沒(méi)有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(任何事)nothing(沒(méi)有東西)everything(每件事)(1)由some構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表建議或請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定的回答；由any構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。(2)復(fù)合不定代詞能作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。(3)當(dāng)形容詞或else(另外)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。疑問(wèn)代詞(僅2015考，完形填空考查)選擇填空。(B)1.—________isRickylike?—He'shumorous.Heoftentellsusfunnyjokes.A．HowB．WhatC．WhichD．Who(C)2.—________notebookisit?—ItmustbeAnna's.Hernameisonit.A．WhoB．WhatC．WhoseD．Where用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)代詞填空。3．WhoisyourP．E.teacher?4．Whatkindofmusicdoyouprefer?5．Iwonderedwhosethiscoatwas.6．Towhomdidshesendtheletter?7．Whichteamdoyousupport?疑問(wèn)代詞指用來(lái)表達(dá)疑問(wèn)或構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句的代詞，一般放在疑問(wèn)句的句首，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。疑問(wèn)代詞含義用法例句who誰(shuí)通常作主語(yǔ)(指人)Whoissingingoverthere?誰(shuí)在那里唱歌？whom誰(shuí)通常作賓語(yǔ)(指人)Whom/Whodidyougoswimmingwith？你和誰(shuí)一起去游泳了？whose誰(shuí)的一般作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，表示所屬關(guān)系，后接名詞Whosecoatisthis？這是誰(shuí)的外套？續(xù)表疑問(wèn)代詞含義用法例句what(2015、T47)什么通常指物，一般用在沒(méi)有范圍限制的情況下，常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)Whatdoyouplantodothisweekend？這周末你打算做什么？續(xù)表疑問(wèn)代詞含義用法例句which哪個(gè)；哪一些指對(duì)一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物進(jìn)行選擇，常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)Whichlanguagecanyouspeak，English，ChineseorFrench？你會(huì)說(shuō)哪種語(yǔ)言，英語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)還是法語(yǔ)？注：whom是who的賓格，在口語(yǔ)中who也可用作賓語(yǔ)，但在介詞后只能用whom一、選擇填空。(C)1.(2021荊州)—Who'sthatboyoverthere?—________ismycousin.A．YouB．IC．HeD．She(B)2.(2021東營(yíng))—Fourchildrenwerewalkingunderasmallumbrella.________ofthemgotwet.Canyouguesswhy?—Becauseitwasnotraining!A．AllB．NoneC．MostD．Some(B)3.—Oh，Iforgettobringmyumbrella.—I'vegot________.Youcanshare________.A.it；myB．one；mineC．it；ID．one；me(D)4.There's________wrongwiththeengine—it'smakingstrangenoises.A．nothingB．a(chǎn)nythingC．everythingD．something(C)5.(2021達(dá)州)Thetwobooksare________aboutEnglish.Youcanch