中國節(jié)日及假期 英文對照

中國節(jié)日及假期陰歷LUNARCALENDAR正月初一一春節(jié)(1stofthefirstlunarmonth—SpringFestival)SpringFestival,orChineseNewYear,occursonthefirstdayofthetraditionalChineselunaryear(fallingbetweentheendofJanuaryandtheendofFebruaryintheGregoriancalendar).Peoplereturnhometobewiththeirfamilies.Traditionsincludecleaningthehome;wearingnewclothes;presentinggifts;pastingupauspiciouscouplets(對聯(lián))oneithersideofthefrontdoor;givingchildrensmallamountsofmoneyinredenvelopes(紅包)；intheNorth,makingandeatingboileddumplings(餃子)；andlettingofffirecrackersandfireworks.Inbusiness,alldebtsshouldbeclearedatNewYear.Celebrationscanstartlateintheprecedingmonth,andgoontillthefollowingLanternFestival.Theofficialholiday,however,isjustthreedays.正月十五——元宵節(jié)(15thofthefirstlunarmonth-LanternFestival)TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefirstfullmoonofthelunaryear.Themainactivityiswatchinglanternsandsolvinglanternriddles'(燈謎)writtenonthem.Thetraditionalfoodisroundglutinousricedumplings(元宵).TheLanternFestivalmarkstheendoftheNewYearperiod.四月初八——佛誕節(jié)(8thofthefourthlunarmonth一Buddha'sBirthday)Buddha'sBirthdayismorepopularinHongKong,andisespeciallycelebratedinBuddhisttemples.五月初五——端午節(jié)(5thofthefifthlunarmonth一DragonBoatFestival)Atraditionalfestival,ostensiblycommemoratingthepoetQuYuan(340-278BC)ofthestateofChu.QuYuanwrotewhatisregardedassomeofthegreatestpoetryinChinesehistory.OnhearingthenewsofthedefeatofChubyQin,heissaidtohavecommittedsuicidebyjumpingintotheMiluoRiver.Thetraditionsofdragon-boatracingandeatingglutinousricepyramids(粽子)aremeanttomarkQuYuan'sdeath—sincesupposedlyatthetimelocalpeoplethrewriceintotherivertodivertthefishfromeatinghisbody.七月初七 1；夕節(jié)(7thoftheseventhlunarmonth一DoubleSeventhFestival)ThisfestivalisassociatedwiththetraditionallovestoryofthemortalCowherdandthecelestialWeavingGirl.Accordingtothestory,thecouplefellinloveandshecamedowntoearthtomarryhim.However,theywerediscoveredbytheQueenofHeaven,whoseparatedthembycreatingtheMilkyWayandtooktheWeavingGirlbacktoheaven.Subsequently,magpiestookpityonthepairandonceayearformthemselvesintoabridgeovertheMilkyWaysothattheCowherdandtheWeavingGirlcanbereunited.IncontemporaryChinathefestivalisadayforlovers.七月十五——中元節(jié)(15thoftheseventhlunarmonth一HungryGhostFestival)Traditionally,thewholeoftheseventhmonthisGhostMonth,whenspiritswandertheearth.AttheHungryGhostFestival,ritualfoodofferingsaremadeandpapermoneyburnttoappeasethesespirits.ThisfestivalismorepopularinHongKong.八月十五——中秋節(jié)(15thoftheeighthlunarmonth—Mid-AutumnFestival)Anothertraditionalfestivalwhenthemoonisfull.Onthisdaypeopleenjoythemoon,setoutfood,andinparticulareatmooncakes(月餅).Itistimedtocelebratetheharvest.九月初九——重陽節(jié)(9thoftheninthlunarmonth-DoubleNinthFestival)ThenumberninesymbolizesYang(陽),thepositiveprincipleinnature.So,onthe9thdayofthe9thmonth,thisprincipleisatitsstrongest.Traditionally,peopleclimbmountainsonthisday.Thechrysanthemumisalsosymbolicofthefestival.陽歷SOLARCALENDAR1月1日一元旦(1January一NewYear'sDay)Thoughitdoesnothavetraditionalsignificance,thisdayisanofficialholidayinChina.月8日——國際勞動婦女節(jié)(8March一InternationalWorkingWomensDay)Womenhaveahalforwholeday'sholiday.月12日——植樹節(jié)(12March—Tree-plantingDay)Begunin1979,thisisadayforplantingtreesandaddressingecologicalproblems.月初(4至6日之間)一清明節(jié)(earlyApril,between4thand6th—QingmingFestival)LinkedtotheearlyChinesesolarcalendar,thetraditionalQingmingFestivalmarkedanimportanttransitiontowarmerweatherintheagriculturalyear.Itisnowanofficialone-dayholiday.Themainactivityis'sweepingthetombs'oftheancestors.Atgravesidespeopleconductasymbolicsweepingwithnewwillowfronds;offerfood,giftsandflowers;andburnincenseandpapermoney.Itisalsoafestivalforspringoutingsandkiteflying.月1日——國際勞動節(jié)(1May—InternationalLabourDay,(US)LaborDay)Asinotherpartsoftheworld,MayDayhasbeendenotedadayforworkers.Thereisanofficialone-dayholiday.月4日一中國青年節(jié)(4May一ChineseYouthDay)ThisdaycommemoratestheMay4thMovementof1919,whenstudentsinBeijingandacrossChinademonstratedfornationalismandmodernization.Today,youngpeopleunder28havehalfaday'sholiday.月1日——國際兒童節(jié)(1June—InternationalChildren^Day)Onthisdaychildrenarepresentedwithgifts,andgetfreeentrancetovariouskindsofentertainment.月1日 1一建黨節(jié)(1July—FoundingoftheChineseCommunistParty)TheCCPwasfoundedinShanghaiin1921.8月1日一中國人民解放軍建軍節(jié)(1August—ArmyDay)Aceremonialday,itcommemoratesthefoundingofthePeople'sLiberationArmyandalsoemphasizescollaborationbetweenthePeople'sLiberationArmyandthepeople.月10日——教師節(jié)(10September—Teacher'sDay)Thenewofficialdayforhonouringteachers.月1日——國慶節(jié)(1October—NationalDay)ThiswasthedaythatChairmanMaoproclaimedthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinain1949.Today,itissometimescelebratedwithgrandprocessionsofschoolchildren,workers,minorityrepresentativesandtroops,anddisplaysofmilitaryhardware.Therearethreedays9officialholiday.12月22日或